A sound velocity measuring device, a sound velocity calibration system and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detection, and particularly provides a sound velocity measuring device, a sound velocity calibration system and a method, the sound velocity measuring device comprises a high-pressure tank body, a pressure chamber is arranged in the high-pressure tank body, air inlet holes and air outlet holes are arranged on the two side walls of the pressure chamber, high-pressure gas enters the pressure chamber through the air inlet holes and is discharged through the air outlet holes. The sound velocity measuring device, the sound velocity calibration system and the method provided by the application measure the current distance between propellant and a laser displacement sensor, then subtract the initial distance, solve the deformation of the propellant, acquire the current propagation time of the ultrasonic sensor, calculate the corresponding current sound velocity value under the current pressure according to a preset formula, and build the corresponding relationship between the current sound velocity value and the current pressure value, so that the accuracy and precision of sound velocity measurement under a high-pressure environment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular to a sound velocity measuring device, a sound velocity calibration system, and a method. Background Technology

[0002] In the dynamic burning rate measurement test of solid rocket motors, the propagation speed of ultrasound in the propellant is a key parameter. The real-time thickness of the propellant needs to be calculated based on the known propellant sound velocity. However, during engine operation, the pressure inside the combustion chamber increases sharply. The propellant is affected by the pressure, and the acoustic properties of the material change, resulting in a change in the propellant sound velocity. In order to measure the dynamic burning rate of the engine more accurately, it is necessary to calibrate the propellant sound velocity under different pressure conditions. However, it is impossible to correct the effect of the deformation of the propellant caused by high pressure on the sound velocity.

[0003] To address this issue, magnetostrictive sensors are employed in related technologies to measure propellant deformation.

[0004] However, magnetostrictive sensors have high installation requirements, poor resistance to electromagnetic interference, and unsatisfactory sound velocity calibration accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound velocity measuring device, a sound velocity calibration system and method to improve the accuracy of sound velocity calibration.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a sound velocity measuring device, characterized in that the device comprises:

[0007] A high-pressure tank body, wherein a pressure chamber is provided inside the high-pressure tank body, and air inlet and exhaust outlet are provided on the two side walls of the pressure chamber. High-pressure gas enters the pressure chamber through the air inlet and exits through the exhaust outlet.

[0008] The propellant is installed in the high-pressure tank, and the first end face of the propellant is connected to the pressure chamber and deformed by the gas pressure in the pressure chamber.

[0009] An ultrasonic measuring mechanism, connected to the second end face of the propellant, is used to emit ultrasonic waves and measure the speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves in the propellant at the current moment;

[0010] A displacement measuring mechanism is located on the side of the pressure chamber away from the propellant, and is used to measure the distance between the pressure chamber and the first end face of the propellant.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, the ultrasonic measuring mechanism includes: an ultrasonic sensor and a first plexiglass, the two end faces of the first plexiglass being respectively connected to the second end face of the propellant and the ultrasonic sensor, and the first plexiglass being connected to the high-pressure tank body via a first flange.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, the displacement measuring mechanism includes: a second flange, high-pressure resistant glass, and a laser displacement sensor. The high-pressure tank is connected to the second flange, and the high-pressure resistant glass is connected between the second flange and the high-pressure tank. The laser displacement sensor is connected to the second flange and is used to measure the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor through the high-pressure resistant glass.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, the device further includes:

[0014] A protective cover is connected to the high-pressure tank body and is installed on the outside of the first flange; through holes are provided on both sides of the protective cover.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect,

[0016] The laser displacement sensor and the ultrasonic sensor are respectively connected to the controller for communication.

[0017] The laser displacement sensor, controlled by the controller, is used to measure the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor through the high-pressure resistant glass, and to transmit the current distance to the controller.

[0018] The ultrasonic sensor is controlled by the controller and is used to emit ultrasonic waves, receive ultrasonic echoes, and transmit the emission time and the echo reception time to the controller. The ultrasonic sensor is also communicatively connected to the controller and is used to emit ultrasonic waves, receive ultrasonic echoes, and transmit the emission time and the echo reception time to the controller under the control of the controller.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a sound velocity calibration system, including a sound velocity measuring device, a pressure regulating component, and a controller, wherein the controller is used to control the pressure regulating component to adjust the gas pressure in the sound velocity measuring device.

[0020] In conjunction with the second aspect, the voltage regulating component includes:

[0021] A high-pressure gas storage device is located on one side of the high-pressure tank;

[0022] A first pipeline has one end connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure tank and the other end connected to the high-pressure gas storage device, for introducing high-pressure gas into the pressure chamber inside the high-pressure tank; a first valve is provided on the first pipeline.

[0023] The second pipeline has one end connected to the high-pressure gas storage device and the other end connected to the exhaust port of the high-pressure tank, and is used to export the gas in the pressure chamber to the high-pressure gas storage device; a second valve is provided on the second pipeline.

[0024] A pressure gauge, connected to the controller, is used to detect pressure data in the pressure chamber and transmit the pressure data to the controller.

[0025] Both the first valve and the second valve are connected to the controller and are controlled by the controller to rotate, thereby adjusting the gas pressure in the pressure chamber of the sound velocity measuring device.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a sound velocity calibration method applied to a controller in the sound velocity calibration system described above. The sound velocity calibration system includes a sound velocity measuring device, a pressure regulating component, and a controller. The sound velocity measuring device measures the current distance between the propellant and a laser displacement sensor, and the time it takes for ultrasound to propagate in the propellant. The pressure regulating component includes a pressure gauge, which characterizes the current pressure of the high-pressure gas in the pressure chamber of the sound velocity measuring device. The controller stores the initial length of the propellant and the initial distance between the propellant end face and the laser displacement sensor at the initial moment. The method includes:

[0027] For each sampling moment, the current pressure value corresponding to the sampling moment, the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor, and the current propagation time of the ultrasound in the propellant are obtained;

[0028] For each instant, the current speed of sound is determined based on the initial length, the initial spacing, the current pressure value, the current spacing, and the current propagation time.

[0029] Establish and store the correspondence between the current sound speed value and the current pressure value.

[0030] In conjunction with the third aspect, the steps for determining the current sound speed value based on the initial length, initial spacing, current pressure value, current spacing, and current propagation time include:

[0031] The current speed of sound is determined by the following formula:

[0032] Vi = 2(d0 + l0 - li) / ti;

[0033] Where Vi is the current sound speed value, d0 is the initial length, l0 is the initial spacing, li is the current spacing, and ti is the current propagation time.

[0034] In conjunction with the third aspect, the sound velocity calibration system includes a pressure regulating component connected to the controller. The pressure regulating component is controlled by the controller to adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber. The controller has a preset pressure change value. Before the steps of acquiring the current pressure value corresponding to the sampling time, the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor, and the current propagation time of the ultrasound in the propellant, the system further includes:

[0035] Obtain the current pressure value of the pressure chamber;

[0036] Calculate the difference between the current pressure value and the previous pressure value to determine the current pressure change;

[0037] Based on the comparison between the current pressure change and the preset pressure change, the first valve and / or the second valve are controlled to rotate so that the pressure in the pressure chamber meets the preset pressure change.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention bring the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a sound velocity measuring device, a sound velocity calibration system and a method. The sound velocity measuring device includes: a high-pressure tank, a pressure chamber is formed inside the high-pressure tank, and air inlets and outlets are formed on the two side walls of the pressure chamber. High-pressure gas enters the pressure chamber through the air inlets and exits through the outlets; a propellant is installed in the high-pressure tank, and a first end face of the propellant is connected to the pressure chamber and compressed by the gas pressure inside the pressure chamber; an ultrasonic measuring mechanism is connected to a second end face of the propellant and is used to emit ultrasonic waves and measure the sound velocity of the ultrasonic waves in the propellant at the current moment; a displacement measuring mechanism is located on the side of the pressure chamber away from the propellant and is used to measure the deformation of the propellant under pressure changes.

[0039] The sound velocity measurement device, sound velocity calibration system, and method provided in this application measure the current distance between the propellant and the laser displacement sensor using a laser displacement sensor. Then, the difference between this distance and the initial distance is calculated to determine the deformation of the propellant. The current propagation time of the ultrasonic sensor is obtained, and the current sound velocity value corresponding to the current pressure at that moment is calculated according to a preset formula. The correspondence between the current sound velocity value and the current pressure value is established, which improves the accuracy and precision of sound velocity measurement under high pressure environment. At the same time, it is easy to install, has strong anti-interference ability, and low maintenance cost.

[0040] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained in accordance with the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the high-pressure tank in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-pressure tank in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure plate structure in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first flange structure in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the first flange in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the protective cover structure in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover in the sound velocity measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the sound velocity calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the sound velocity calibration method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the sound velocity calibration method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure label:

[0057] 1. Laser displacement sensor; 2. Second flange; 3. High-pressure resistant glass; 4. High-pressure tank; 41. Air inlet; 42. Exhaust port; 5. Pressure plate; 6. Propellant; 7. First acrylic glass; 8. First flange; 9. Ultrasonic sensor; 10. Protective cover; 101. Through hole; 11. Pressure chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, the technical terms used in this application will be briefly introduced below.

[0060] A flange, also called a flange protrusion or flange, is a part used to connect pipes to each other. It is used to connect pipe ends or to connect two pieces of equipment at the inlet and outlet of the equipment.

[0061] A laser displacement sensor is a sensor that uses laser technology for measurement. It consists of a laser, a laser detector, and a measurement circuit, and can accurately and non-contactly measure changes in the position and displacement of the object being measured. An ultrasonic sensor is a sensor that converts ultrasonic signals into other energy signals. When ultrasonic waves encounter impurities or interfaces, they produce significant reflections, forming reflected echoes. By measuring the time it takes for the emitted ultrasonic wave to travel through the object and receive the reflected echo, the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave within the measured object can be determined.

[0062] After introducing the technical terms used in this application, the application scenarios and design concepts of the embodiments of this application will be briefly described below.

[0063] In dynamic burning rate measurement tests of solid rocket motors, the propagation speed of ultrasound in the propellant is a key parameter. To more accurately measure the dynamic burning rate of the motor, it is necessary to calibrate the sound velocity of the propellant under different pressure conditions. However, it is impossible to correct for the influence of propellant deformation caused by high pressure on the sound velocity. Existing technology uses magnetostrictive sensors to measure propellant deformation; however, magnetostrictive sensors have high installation requirements, poor resistance to electromagnetic interference, resulting in low calibration accuracy and high maintenance costs.

[0064] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a sound velocity measuring device, a sound velocity calibration system, and a method to improve sound velocity correction accuracy and reduce equipment maintenance costs.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] This embodiment provides a sound velocity measuring device, combined with Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: a high-pressure tank 4, a propellant 6, an ultrasonic measuring mechanism, and a displacement measuring mechanism.

[0067] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a pressure chamber 11 is provided inside the high-pressure tank 4. An air inlet 41 and an exhaust 42 are provided on the two side walls of the pressure chamber 11. High-pressure gas enters the pressure chamber 11 through the air inlet 41 and is discharged through the exhaust 42.

[0068] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the propellant 6 is installed inside the high-pressure tank 4, and the first end face of the propellant 6 is connected to the pressure chamber 11, and is deformed by the gas pressure inside the pressure chamber 11.

[0069] The ultrasonic measuring mechanism is connected to the second end face of the propellant 6 and is used to emit ultrasonic waves and measure the speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves in the propellant 6 at the current moment.

[0070] The displacement measuring mechanism is located on the side of the pressure chamber 11 away from the propellant 6, and is used to measure the current distance between the pressure chamber 11 and the first end face of the propellant 6.

[0071] The sound velocity measurement device provided in this embodiment measures the straight-line distance between the first end face of the propellant 6 and the laser displacement sensor 9 using the laser displacement sensor 9. Then, the difference between the current distance and the initial distance is calculated to solve for the deformation of the propellant. The ultrasonic sensor detects the ultrasonic propagation time and calculates the target sound velocity under the pressure at that moment according to the preset formula. The correspondence between the target sound velocity and the pressure value is established, which improves the accuracy and precision of sound velocity measurement under high pressure. At the same time, the components are easy to source, easy to install, and have strong anti-interference ability, resulting in low equipment maintenance costs.

[0072] In this embodiment, both end faces of the propellant 6 are flat, which facilitates measurement and connection.

[0073] Furthermore, the ultrasonic measuring mechanism includes: an ultrasonic sensor 9 and a first plexiglass 7.

[0074] The first plexiglass 7 is connected to the second end face of the propellant 6 and the ultrasonic sensor 9 at its two ends, respectively. The first plexiglass 7 is connected to the high-pressure tank 4 via the first flange 8, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0075] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the first flange 8 is provided with a limiting protrusion, which presses against the outer side of the first acrylic glass 7 and fits tightly against the high-pressure tank 4. Sealing rings are provided between the first flange 8 and the first acrylic glass 7, and between the first flange 8 and the high-pressure tank 4, to improve sealing performance. To maintain visual consistency, in this embodiment, both the first acrylic glass 7 and the high-pressure tank 4 are cylindrical.

[0076] The first plexiglass 7 is connected to the second end face of the propellant 6 to prevent the propellant 6 from moving continuously under pressure changes, thus confining the propellant 6 within a fixed moving space. During pressure changes in the pressure chamber 11, the pressure applied to the propellant 6 changes, causing the second cross-section of the propellant 6 to adhere tightly to the first plexiglass 7, resulting in deformation of the propellant 6. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a pressure plate 5 is provided inside the high-pressure tank 4, combined with... Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the pressure plate 5 has a through hole. The pressure plate 5 is located in the pressure chamber 11 and connected to the high-pressure tank 4. The inner diameter of the through hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the propellant 6. After the propellant 6 is put in, the pressure plate 5 is fixed to the high-pressure tank 4. It cooperates with the first plexiglass 7 to limit the propellant 6 from two directions. The through hole is used to conduct gas in the pressure chamber 11, so that the propellant 6 is deformed by the gas pressure in the pressure chamber 11.

[0077] Preferably, to improve the accuracy of repeatability measurements, the second end face of the propellant 6 is bonded to one side of the first plexiglass 7, and the ultrasonic sensor 9 is bonded to the other side of the first plexiglass 7 in the same manner. The ultrasonic sensor 9 is also connected to a controller, and is controlled by the controller to emit ultrasonic waves, receive ultrasonic echoes, and transmit the emission and echo reception times to the controller.

[0078] In this embodiment, the second end face of the propellant 6 is bonded to the first plexiglass 7, and the first end face of the propellant 6 is pressed tightly by the pressure plate 5. A sealing ring is provided between the propellant 6 and the pressure plate 5 to improve the sealing performance. This allows the gas pressure in the pressure chamber 11 to directly act on the first end face of the propellant 6, more realistically simulating actual working conditions and improving the calibration results and reliability. In addition, the use of the first plexiglass 7 as a coupling material provides suitable acoustic impedance, making the echo clearly visible under high gain. At the same time, it can suppress some noise in the ultrasonic echo, making the ultrasonic echo easier to identify and facilitating subsequent calculations and calibration.

[0079] As one feasible method, the pressure plate 5 is bolted to the high-pressure tank 4. Bolt connection is convenient due to readily available materials and high installation reliability. Alternatively, the pressure plate 5 is threaded to the high-pressure tank 4. Specifically, internal threads are provided on the inner wall of the high-pressure tank 4, and external threads are provided on the outer wall of the pressure plate 5, achieving a detachable connection. Another feasible method is that the pressure plate 5 and the high-pressure tank 4 are connected by a connector. This is a more common connection method and will not be elaborated upon here. In this embodiment, the pressure plate 5 is bolted to the high-pressure tank 4. During the preparation phase, after the propellant 6 is added, the pressure plate 5 is bolted to the high-pressure tank 4.

[0080] Furthermore, the displacement measuring mechanism includes: a second flange 2, high-pressure resistant glass 3, and a laser displacement sensor 1.

[0081] Combination Figure 1 The second flange 2 shown is bolted to the high-pressure tank 4. Preferably, the outer diameter of the second flange 2 is equal to the outer diameter of the high-pressure tank 4. This can maintain dimensional consistency and improve the aesthetics of the device. Preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the second flange 2 and the high-pressure tank 4 to improve sealing and prevent gas leakage in the pressure chamber 11.

[0082] The high-pressure resistant glass 3 is located between the second flange 2 and the high-pressure tank 4, with its two sides connected to the second flange 2 and the high-pressure tank 4 respectively. Silicone gaskets are provided between the high-pressure resistant glass 3 and the second flange 2, and between the high-pressure resistant glass 3 and the high-pressure tank 4, to counteract the interaction force between the high-pressure resistant glass 3 and the second flange 3, thereby extending the service life of the high-pressure resistant glass 3 and the second flange 3.

[0083] As a preferred option, the high-pressure resistant glass 3 is high-pressure resistant borosilicate glass, which has a high light transmittance of up to 99% and produces less deformation under high pressure, which can further improve the measurement accuracy of the laser displacement sensor 1 and improve the reliability of the measurement work.

[0084] Laser displacement sensor 1 is connected to the second flange 2 and also communicates with the controller. Laser displacement sensor 1 measures the current distance between the first end face of the propellant 6 and the controller through the high-pressure resistant glass 2, and transmits this distance to the controller. Alternatively, a bracket can be provided on the second flange 2, with the fixed end of the bracket on the second flange 2 and the free end connected to the laser displacement sensor 1. The bracket and laser displacement sensor 1 can be connected using a common connection method such as a snap-fit.

[0085] The laser displacement sensor 1 measures the current distance between the first end face of the propellant 6 and the laser displacement sensor 1 and transmits it to the controller. The controller determines the deformation of the propellant at the pressure value in the pressure chamber 11 based on the difference between the current distance and the initial distance.

[0086] Furthermore, the device provided in this application embodiment also includes a protective cover 10.

[0087] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the protective cover 10 is connected to the high-pressure tank 4 and covers the outside of the first flange 8. In this embodiment, the protective cover 10 is bolted to the high-pressure tank 4, which can prevent the first plexiglass 7 and the first flange 8 from flying out and injuring people due to incorrect operation, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the device; the structure of the protective cover 10 is as follows. Figure 9 As shown.

[0088] Combination Figure 10 As shown, the protective cover 10 has through holes 101 on both sides to facilitate the passage of the power cord of the ultrasonic sensor 9 and the line connected to the controller.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] Combination Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a sound velocity calibration system, including the sound velocity measuring device, voltage regulation component and controller described in Embodiment 1.

[0091] The sound velocity measuring device is used to measure the current distance between the first end face of the propellant 6 and the laser displacement sensor 1 under pressure changes, as well as the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave within the propellant 6.

[0092] The pressure regulating component is connected to the sound velocity measuring device and is used to adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber of the sound velocity measuring device.

[0093] The controller is used to receive the current distance and current propagation time transmitted by the sound velocity measuring device, calculate the current sound velocity value under the current pressure, and establish the correspondence between the current sound velocity value and the current pressure value; the controller is also used to control the operation of the pressure regulating component to regulate the pressure in the pressure chamber 11.

[0094] Furthermore, the pressure regulating assembly includes: a high-pressure gas storage device, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, and a pressure gauge.

[0095] A high-pressure gas storage device is located on one side of the high-pressure tank 4, and the high-pressure gas storage device stores high-pressure gas.

[0096] One end of the first pipeline is connected to the air inlet 41 of the high-pressure tank 4, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device, for introducing high-pressure gas into the pressure chamber 11 inside the high-pressure tank 4; a first valve is provided on the first pipeline.

[0097] One end of the second pipeline is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device, and the other end is connected to the exhaust port 42 of the high-pressure tank 4, which is used to export the gas in the pressure chamber 11 to the high-pressure gas storage device; a second valve is provided on the second pipeline.

[0098] A pressure gauge is connected to the controller; it is used to detect the pressure data in the pressure chamber 11 and transmit the pressure data to the controller.

[0099] Both the first valve and the second valve are connected to the controller and are controlled to rotate by the controller. The controller sends control commands based on the pressure data to control the rotation of the first valve and / or the second valve, so as to adjust the gas pressure in the pressure chamber 11 of the sound velocity measuring device.

[0100] Specifically, the pressure change rate is preset, the current pressure value displayed by the pressure gauge is periodically acquired, the pressure change rate per unit time is determined based on the difference between the current pressure value and the previous pressure value, and the first valve and the second valve are controlled to rotate based on the comparison between the current pressure change rate and the preset pressure change rate, so as to regulate the pressure in the pressure chamber 11.

[0101] Here is an example: the preset pressure change rule is 0.1 MPa / s, and the sampling period is 10 s.

[0102] At time t0, the pressure reading on the pressure gauge is 5 MPa; at time t1, the pressure reading on the pressure gauge is 5.8 MPa.

[0103] Therefore, the current rate of pressure change is (5.8-5) / 10 = 0.08 MPa / s.

[0104] It is known that the current rate of pressure change does not meet the preset pressurization pattern, and more gas needs to be introduced into the pressure chamber. At this time, the controller generates a control signal to keep the second valve unchanged and to rotate the first valve to increase the conduction angle to increase the gas introduced into the pressure chamber 11; or, the controller generates a control signal to control the second valve to rotate to decrease the conduction angle and to control the first valve to rotate to increase the conduction angle, so as to increase the pressure in the pressure chamber 11.

[0105] The specific control signal generation strategy can be preset in the controller. This adjustment method enables automatic adjustment to simulate pressure changes in a real environment. In this embodiment, both the first and second valves are electric valves.

[0106] Example 3

[0107] This embodiment provides a sound velocity calibration method, characterized by a controller applied to a sound velocity calibration system. The sound velocity calibration system includes a sound velocity measuring device, a pressure regulating component, and a controller. The sound velocity measuring device measures the current distance between the propellant and a laser displacement sensor, and the time it takes for ultrasound to propagate in the propellant. The pressure regulating component includes a pressure gauge, which characterizes the current pressure of the high-pressure gas in the pressure chamber of the sound velocity measuring device. The controller stores the initial length of the propellant and the initial distance between the propellant end face and the laser displacement sensor at the initial moment. The controller includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program in the memory to implement the method provided in this embodiment. Figure 12 As shown, the sound speed calibration method includes:

[0108] S110, for each sampling moment, obtain the current pressure value, the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor, and the current propagation time of the ultrasound in the propellant corresponding to the sampling moment;

[0109] S120, for each moment, the processor determines the current speed of sound based on the initial length, initial spacing, current pressure value, current spacing and current propagation time;

[0110] S130, construct and store the correspondence between the current sound speed value and the current pressure value.

[0111] Furthermore, the steps for determining the current sound speed value based on the initial length, initial spacing, current pressure value, current spacing, and current propagation time include:

[0112] The current speed of sound is determined by the following formula:

[0113] Vi = 2(d0 + l0 - li) / ti;

[0114] Where Vi is the current sound speed value, d0 is the initial length, l0 is the initial spacing, li is the current spacing, and ti is the current propagation time.

[0115] In this embodiment, the propellant deformation is determined by subtracting the initial distance from the current distance. The deformation is then added to the initial length of the propellant to obtain its current length. Based on the distance-time-velocity relationship, the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave within the current length of the propellant is calculated. This method calculates the current sound velocity under the current pressure based on the current length of the propellant under pressure change and the current propagation time of the ultrasonic wave. A correspondence between the current pressure and the current sound velocity is then established and stored to improve the effectiveness and reliability of the calibrated sound velocity.

[0116] For example, under standard atmospheric pressure and a room temperature of 25°C, the propellant is designed to be cylindrical with flat ends and a diameter of φ = 300 mm. The length of the propellant, measured with vernier calipers, is d0 = 100 mm. The acrylic glass 7 is designed to be cylindrical with flat ends, a diameter of φ = 400 mm, and a length of 50 mm. The ultrasonic sensor 9 is bonded to the acrylic glass 7, ensuring there is no air at the interface between them. The first echo delay at the bottom interface of the acrylic glass 7 is measured as τ0. The propellant 6 is bonded to the acrylic glass 7, again ensuring there is no air at the interface. The pressure plate 5 is pressed tightly against the first end face of the propellant 6 and fixed with bolts. The first flange 8 is then fixed with bolts to assemble the sound velocity measuring device. The distance l0 between the first end face of the propellant 6 and the laser displacement sensor is measured using a laser displacement sensor, yielding an initial distance l0 = 50 mm.

[0117] At the i-th sampling moment, when the pressure reading table shows that the pressure in the pressure chamber Pi = 10 MPa, the current distance li = 60 mm between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor and the current propagation time ti = 10 s are obtained; Vi = 2(d0 + l0 - li) / ti = 2(100 + 50 - 60) / 10 = 18 mm / s is calculated according to the preset formula, and the correspondence between the current pressure and the current sound speed value is established: when it is 10 MPa, Vi = 18 mm / s.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] This embodiment provides another sound velocity calibration method, also applied to the controller in the sound velocity calibration system. The sound velocity calibration system includes a sound velocity measuring device, a pressure regulating component, and a controller. The sound velocity measuring device measures the current distance between the propellant and the laser displacement sensor, and the time it takes for ultrasound to propagate in the propellant. The pressure regulating component includes a pressure gauge, which characterizes the current pressure of the high-pressure gas in the pressure chamber of the sound velocity measuring device. The controller stores the initial length of the propellant and the initial distance between the propellant end face and the laser displacement sensor at the initial moment. The pressure regulating component is connected to the controller and is controlled by the controller to adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber. The controller has a preset pressure change value. The controller includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program in the memory to implement the method provided in this embodiment.

[0120] Combination Figure 13 As shown, the sound speed calibration method includes:

[0121] S210, the processor obtains the current pressure value of the pressure chamber.

[0122] S220, the processor calculates the difference between the current pressure value and the previous pressure value to determine the current pressure change.

[0123] S230, the processor controls the rotation of the first valve and / or the second valve based on the comparison between the current pressure change and the preset pressure change, so that the air pressure in the pressure chamber meets the pressure change.

[0124] S240, for each sampling moment, the processor acquires the current pressure value corresponding to the sampling moment, the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor, and the current propagation time of the ultrasound in the propellant.

[0125] S250 determines the current speed of sound at each moment based on the initial length, initial spacing, current pressure value, current spacing, and current propagation time.

[0126] S260, the processor constructs and stores the correspondence between the current sound speed value and the current pressure value.

[0127] In this embodiment, the current pressure change is calculated by obtaining the current pressure value of the pressure chamber measured by the pressure gauge, and the first valve and / or the second valve are rotated according to the comparison relationship between the current pressure change and the preset pressure change to adjust the pressure change in the pressure chamber to meet the preset pressure change, thereby simulating the real working environment and obtaining the current sound velocity value under the real pressure change environment, thereby achieving the purpose of calibrating the sound velocity.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system and apparatus described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0129] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0130] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0131] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sound velocity measuring device, characterized in that, The device includes: A high-pressure tank body, wherein a pressure chamber is provided inside the high-pressure tank body, and air inlet and exhaust outlet are provided on the two side walls of the pressure chamber. High-pressure gas enters the pressure chamber through the air inlet and exits through the exhaust outlet. The propellant is installed in the high-pressure tank, and the first end face of the propellant is connected to the pressure chamber and deformed by the gas pressure in the pressure chamber. An ultrasonic measuring mechanism, connected to the second end face of the propellant, is used to emit ultrasonic waves and measure the current speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves in the propellant; the ultrasonic measuring mechanism includes: an ultrasonic sensor and a first plexiglass, the two end faces of the first plexiglass being respectively connected to the second end face of the propellant and the ultrasonic sensor, and the first plexiglass being connected to the high-pressure tank body through a first flange; A displacement measuring mechanism is located on the side of the pressure chamber away from the propellant, and is used to measure the distance between the pressure chamber and the first end face of the propellant. The displacement measuring mechanism includes a second flange, high-pressure resistant glass, and a laser displacement sensor. The high-pressure tank is connected to the second flange, and the high-pressure resistant glass is connected between the second flange and the high-pressure tank. The laser displacement sensor is connected to the second flange and is used to measure the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor through the high-pressure resistant glass.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: A protective cover is connected to the high-pressure tank body and is installed on the outside of the first flange; through holes are provided on both sides of the protective cover.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser displacement sensor and the ultrasonic sensor are respectively connected to the controller for communication. The laser displacement sensor, controlled by the controller, is used to measure the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor through the high-pressure resistant glass, and to transmit the current distance to the controller. The ultrasonic sensor is controlled by the controller and is used to emit ultrasonic waves, receive ultrasonic echoes, and transmit the emission time and the echo reception time to the controller. The ultrasonic sensor is also communicatively connected to the controller and is used to emit ultrasonic waves, receive ultrasonic echoes, and transmit the emission time and the echo reception time to the controller under the control of the controller.

4. A sound velocity calibration system, characterized in that, It includes the sound velocity measuring device, pressure regulating component, and controller as described in claims 1-3, wherein the controller is used to control the pressure regulating component to adjust the gas pressure in the sound velocity measuring device.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage regulating component includes: A high-pressure gas storage device is located on one side of the high-pressure tank; A first pipeline has one end connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure tank and the other end connected to the high-pressure gas storage device, for introducing high-pressure gas into the pressure chamber inside the high-pressure tank; a first valve is provided on the first pipeline. The second pipeline has one end connected to the high-pressure gas storage device and the other end connected to the exhaust port of the high-pressure tank, and is used to export the gas in the pressure chamber to the high-pressure gas storage device; a second valve is provided on the second pipeline. A pressure gauge, connected to the controller, is used to detect pressure data in the pressure chamber and transmit the pressure data to the controller. Both the first valve and the second valve are connected to the controller and are controlled by the controller to rotate, thereby adjusting the gas pressure in the pressure chamber of the sound velocity measuring device.

6. A sound velocity calibration method, characterized in that, A controller applied to a sound velocity calibration system as described in any one of claims 4-5, the sound velocity calibration system comprising a sound velocity measuring device, a pressure regulating component, and a controller, the sound velocity measuring device being used to measure the current distance between the propellant and the laser displacement sensor and the time for ultrasound to propagate in the propellant, the pressure regulating component comprising a pressure gauge being used to characterize the current pressure of the high-pressure gas in the pressure chamber of the sound velocity measuring device, and the controller storing the initial length of the propellant and the initial distance between the propellant end face and the laser displacement sensor at the initial moment; the method comprising: For each sampling moment, the current pressure value corresponding to the sampling moment, the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor, and the current propagation time of the ultrasound in the propellant are obtained; For each instant, the current speed of sound is determined based on the initial length, the initial spacing, the current pressure value, the current spacing, and the current propagation time. Establish and store the correspondence between the current sound speed value and the current pressure value.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steps for determining the current sound speed based on the initial length, initial spacing, current pressure value, current spacing, and current propagation time include: The current speed of sound is determined by the following formula: Vi = 2(d0 + l0 - li) / ti; Where Vi is the current sound speed value, d0 is the initial length, l0 is the initial spacing, li is the current spacing, and ti is the current propagation time.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sound velocity calibration system includes a pressure regulating component connected to the controller. The pressure regulating component is controlled by the controller to adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber. The controller has a preset pressure change value. Before the steps of acquiring the current pressure value corresponding to the sampling time, the current distance between the first end face of the propellant and the laser displacement sensor, and the current propagation time of the ultrasound in the propellant, the system further includes: Obtain the current pressure value of the pressure chamber; Calculate the difference between the current pressure value and the previous pressure value to determine the current pressure change; Based on the comparison between the current pressure change and the preset pressure change, the first valve and / or the second valve are controlled to rotate so that the pressure in the pressure chamber meets the preset pressure change.

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