An antenna module and an electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses an antenna module and electronic equipment, the antenna module comprises an antenna support, a power division component and a plurality of first radiators; the antenna support comprises a first surface and a first side surface connected with the first surface; wherein the power division component is arranged on the first surface, the plurality of first radiators are arranged on the first side surface, and the plurality of first radiators are distributed in a ring shape around the first side surface; a plurality of branches corresponding to the power division component are respectively electrically connected with the plurality of first radiators, for converting radio frequency signals input into the power division component into equal-amplitude and in-phase signals, and feeding into the plurality of first radiators. In this way, the directivity of the antenna module is low, and the horizontal plane pattern is close to a circle, so that not only the ranging uniformity and the ranging distance can be improved, but also the algorithm complexity in angle measurement can be reduced, and the engineering practicability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna module and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, electronic devices such as smartphones are also developing rapidly. Therefore, improving the convenience of using electronic devices has become a focus for users. Among these efforts, electronic devices communicate with other devices via antennas to achieve location tracking of the device or other devices.

[0003] Currently, when ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna structures are incorporated into electronic devices, short-range wireless communication with other devices can be achieved based on UWB antennas. However, UWB antennas generally have high directivity, which can lead to poor performance in ranging and angle measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes an antenna module and electronic device. The antenna module has low directivity and omnidirectional radiation characteristics, which can not only improve the uniformity of ranging and increase the ranging distance, but also reduce the algorithm complexity of angle measurement, and has high engineering practicality.

[0005] The technical solution of this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna module, which includes an antenna support, a power divider, and a plurality of first radiators;

[0007] The antenna support includes a first surface and a first side surface connected to the first surface; wherein, a power divider is disposed on the first surface, and a plurality of first radiators are disposed on the first side surface, and the plurality of first radiators are arranged in a ring around the first side surface. The plurality of branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to the plurality of first radiators respectively, for converting the radio frequency signal input to the power divider into an equal amplitude and in phase signal, and feeding it into the plurality of first radiators respectively.

[0008] In some embodiments, the antenna module further includes a plurality of second radiators; wherein the plurality of second radiators are disposed on the first side, and the plurality of second radiators are not electrically connected to the plurality of branches corresponding to the power divider.

[0009] In some embodiments, a plurality of first radiators and a plurality of second radiators are alternately distributed around a first side, and a gap is provided between adjacent first radiators and second radiators.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power distribution component includes two conductive paths; wherein the two conductive paths intersect each other and have an intersection point, so as to form multiple branches corresponding to the power distribution component.

[0011] In some embodiments, the power dividing component is a one-to-four power divider with an equal power dividing structure, and the plurality of first radiators are four first radiators;

[0012] The four branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to the four first radiators, respectively, and are used to feed equal amplitude and in-phase signals to the four first radiators.

[0013] In some embodiments, the four branches are electrically connected to the four first radiators respectively, forming four monopole antennas with equal amplitude and phase.

[0014] In some embodiments, the antenna module further includes a first feed element, a second feed element, and a substrate, wherein the second feed element and the substrate are both disposed on the side of the antenna support away from the first surface.

[0015] A first feed source is provided on the substrate, and a second feed component is electrically connected to the first feed source through the substrate.

[0016] The first feed element is mounted on the antenna support and is electrically connected to the second feed element and the power divider, so that the power divider receives the radio frequency signal provided by the first feed element.

[0017] In some embodiments, the antenna support is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole penetrates the first surface and the second surface opposite to the first surface;

[0018] The first power supply component includes a first power supply section and a second power supply section; wherein the first power supply section is disposed on the second surface, and the second power supply section is disposed within the first via, so that the power divider receives the radio frequency signal provided by the first feed source.

[0019] In some embodiments, the multiple branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to multiple first radiators, such that the fed equal-amplitude and in-phase signals form a current loop on the first side to form a first antenna with omnidirectional horizontal polarization characteristics.

[0020] In some embodiments, the antenna module further includes a third radiator; wherein the third radiator is disposed on the first surface to form a second antenna having inverted F-shaped characteristics.

[0021] In some embodiments, the antenna module further includes a third feed element, a fourth feed element, and a substrate, wherein the fourth feed element and the substrate are both disposed on the side of the antenna support away from the first surface.

[0022] A second feed source is provided on the substrate, and a fourth feed component is electrically connected to the second feed source through the substrate.

[0023] The third feed element is mounted on the antenna support and is electrically connected to the fourth feed element and the third radiator, so that the third radiator receives the radio frequency signal provided by the second feed source.

[0024] In some embodiments, the antenna module further includes a fifth feed element and a sixth feed element, wherein the sixth feed element is disposed on the side of the antenna support opposite to the first surface;

[0025] A ground is provided on the substrate, and the sixth power supply component is grounded through the substrate;

[0026] The fifth feed element is mounted on the antenna support and is electrically connected to the sixth feed element and the third radiator, so that the third radiator is grounded.

[0027] In some embodiments, the antenna support is provided with a second through hole and a third through hole, and the second through hole and the third through hole penetrate the first surface and the second surface opposite to the first surface;

[0028] The third feed element includes a third feed section and a fourth feed section; wherein, the third feed section is disposed on the second surface, and the fourth feed section is disposed in the second via, so that the third radiator receives the radio frequency signal provided by the second feed source;

[0029] The fifth power supply component includes a fifth power supply section and a sixth power supply section; wherein, the fifth power supply section is disposed on the second surface, and the sixth power supply section is disposed in the third via, so that the third radiator is grounded.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first antenna operates in the CH9 band, and the second antenna operates in the Bluetooth band.

[0031] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device that includes an antenna module as described in any of the first aspects.

[0032] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a housing; wherein the antenna module is disposed inside the housing.

[0033] In some embodiments, the housing has a battery compartment, and the electronic device further includes a battery; wherein the battery is disposed within the battery compartment.

[0034] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a charging interface; wherein the charging interface is used to connect an external power source to charge the battery.

[0035] In some embodiments, the electronic device is a UWB tag device.

[0036] This application provides an antenna module and electronic device. The antenna module includes an antenna support, a power divider, and multiple first radiators. The antenna support includes a first surface and a first side surface connected to the first surface. The power divider is disposed on the first surface, and the multiple first radiators are disposed on the first side surface in a ring-shaped distribution around the first side surface. Multiple branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to the multiple first radiators, respectively, for converting the radio frequency signal input to the power divider into a constant amplitude and in-phase signal, and feeding it into the multiple first radiators. Thus, the antenna module has low directivity, and its horizontal radiation pattern is close to a circle, thereby improving ranging uniformity, increasing ranging distance, and reducing the algorithmic complexity of angle measurement, resulting in high engineering practicality. Furthermore, since the power divider and the first radiators are integrated on the antenna support, insertion loss can also be reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an electronic device;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the angle measurement principle of an electronic device.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario between an electronic device and a base station;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario where multiple base stations locate electronic devices.

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the composition structure of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 ;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a detailed structural diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 9A A schematic diagram of the scattering parameters of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 9B A schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 9CA schematic diagram of the 8GHz surface current distribution of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 9D Schematic diagram of the radiation pattern of the first antenna provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0049] Figure 9E Schematic diagram of the radiation pattern of the first antenna provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0050] Figure 9F This is a schematic diagram of the directional distribution of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 A detailed structural diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the labeling device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0054] In order to gain a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this application, the implementation of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0056] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0057] It should also be noted that the terms "first, second, and third" used in the embodiments of this application are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of objects. It is understood that "first, second, and third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0058] Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a short-range wireless communication method. Its transmission distance is typically within 10 meters, using bandwidths of 1 GHz or higher. UWB does not use sinusoidal carriers; instead, it utilizes non-sinusoidal narrow pulses in the nanosecond to microsecond range to transmit data. Therefore, it occupies a wide spectrum, making it suitable for high-speed, short-range personal wireless communication. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) stipulates that the operating frequency range of UWB is from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz, with a minimum operating bandwidth of 500 MHz. Currently, the mainstream UWB frequency bands have center frequencies of 6.5 GHz and 8 GHz, requiring bandwidths of 500 MHz or higher.

[0059] This application provides an antenna module applied to an electronic device 1. The electronic device 1 can be implemented in various forms, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), e-readers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), PlayStation Portable (PSPs), smartwatches, personal computers, and other devices with communication functions. In one embodiment, the antenna module utilizes UWB technology; thus, the UWB-based antenna module no longer uses a carrier wave, but instead uses non-sinusoidal narrow pulses in the nanosecond to microsecond range to transmit data.

[0060] The following is combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The angle measurement principle of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application is introduced. Among them, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of an electronic device 1 is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the angle measurement principle of an electronic device 1 for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals is shown. Figure 1 In this context, electronic device 1 may include two antenna modules. For ease of description, the two antenna modules are named first antenna module 10a and second antenna module 10b, respectively.

[0061] like Figure 2As shown, assume that point P1 represents the first antenna module 10a, point P2 represents the second antenna module 10b, point P3 represents the transmission position of the electromagnetic wave signal, and point P4 represents the midpoint of the line connecting P1 and P2. In this embodiment, θ1 represents the angle between the line connecting P1 and P2 and the line connecting P3 and P1; θ2 represents the angle between the line connecting P1 and P2 and the line connecting P3 and P2; θ represents the angle between the line connecting P1 and P2 and the line connecting P3 and P4; α represents the complementary angle of θ; D represents the distance between P3 and P4; λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signals transmitted and received by the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b; f represents the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signals transmitted and received by the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b; d max This represents the maximum value of the spacing between the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b.

[0062] When D is much greater than λ, then θ1≈θ2≈θ;

[0063] Since the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b are antenna modules utilizing UWB technology, the range of f is 6.25 GHz to 8.25 GHz.

[0064] Accordingly, if λ ranges from 36.4 mm to 48 mm, then λ / 2 ranges from 18.2 mm to 24 mm.

[0065] Additionally, d max =18mm; based on Figure 2 We can obtain that d1 = dcosθ = dsinα.

[0066] The time difference t1 between the electromagnetic wave signal reaching the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b is:

[0067]

[0068] Where c represents the speed of light, and t1 represents the time difference between the arrival of the electromagnetic wave signal at the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b, it is also called the time difference of arrival (TDOA).

[0069] The phase difference between the electromagnetic wave signal reaching the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b for:

[0070]

[0071] because This represents the phase difference between the electromagnetic wave signal reaching the first antenna module 10a and the second antenna module 10b; therefore, it is also called the Phase Difference of Arrival (PDOA).

[0072]

[0073] Where α represents the Angle of Arrival (AOA). As can be seen from equation (3), the Angle of Arrival α and the Phase Difference of Arrival... Related.

[0074] In simple terms, the angle measurement principle of an antenna module can be explained as follows: For electromagnetic wave signals from different directions, the paths to the two antennas are different, introducing an additional path difference, which in turn introduces an additional time difference and an additional phase difference. Angle measurement is achieved through the unique functional relationship between the phase difference and the angle of arrival.

[0075] The following is combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 The ranging principle of this application is introduced. Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating a communication scenario between an electronic device and a base station is shown. For example... Figure 3 As shown, electronic device 1 transmits a first signal to base station 2. Base station 2 receives the first signal and, after a reaction time (T),... reply After the first signal is transmitted, a second signal is sent to electronic device 1. Electronic device 1 receives the second signal. The time difference between electronic device 1 receiving the second signal and electronic device 1 transmitting the first signal is denoted by T. loop Therefore, the Time of Flight (TOF) is calculated as follows:

[0076] TOF = (T loop -T reply ) / twenty four)

[0077] D = c × TOF (5)

[0078] Where D represents the distance between electronic device 1 and base station 2, and c represents the speed of light, c = 3 × 10 8 m / s.

[0079] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a scenario where multiple base stations locate electronic device 1 is shown. For example... Figure 4As shown, multiple base stations may include base station 2, base station 3, and base station 4, etc. The algorithm used to locate electronic device 1 is the TDOA algorithm, which is an algorithm that uses time difference for positioning. By measuring the time it takes for the signal to reach base station 2, the distance between electronic device 1 and base station 2 can be determined. By comparing the time differences between the first signal emitted by electronic device 1 reaching multiple different base stations such as base station 2, base station 3, and base station 4, the intersection point of the hyperbola with electronic device 1 as the focus and the distance difference as the major axis can be determined. This intersection point is the position of electronic device 1. The distance difference is equal to the product of the speed of light and the time difference, as shown in equation (5).

[0080] In related technologies, antenna modules utilizing UWB technology are either inverted-Fantenna (IFA) or monopole antennas; however, the printed circuit board (PCB) area is relatively large, meaning the antenna ground is large, resulting in high directivity (>4.5dB) for UWB antennas. Considering the regulations of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology regarding the frequency use of UWB technology, as shown in Table 1, the equivalent isotropic radiated power spectral density limit for UWB transmitted signals from UWB wireless devices is -41dBm / MHz in the 6.0–9.0 GHz range; this further limits the antenna's transmit power. Therefore, high antenna directivity leads to poor ranging uniformity: the direction with strong antenna gain results in longer ranging distances, while the direction with weak antenna gain results in shorter ranging distances. To improve communication distance, while complying with regulations, this application introduces a UWB antenna with low directivity in its embodiments.

[0081] Table 1

[0082]

[0083] Furthermore, extensive experimental testing has shown that highly directional UWB antennas perform poorly in low-gain angular ranging and angle measurement, while omnidirectional antennas outperform directional antennas in both. Generally, equal-amplitude, in-phase fed RF networks require separate design on a PCB, necessitating additional PCB area, making integration into the antenna difficult, and resulting in higher insertion loss.

[0084] Based on this, this application provides an antenna module including an antenna support, a power divider, and multiple first radiators. The antenna support includes a first surface and a first side surface connected to the first surface. The power divider is disposed on the first surface, and the multiple first radiators are disposed on the first side surface in a ring-shaped arrangement around the first side surface. Multiple branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to the multiple first radiators, respectively, for converting the radio frequency signal input to the power divider into a constant amplitude and in-phase signal, and feeding it into the multiple first radiators. Thus, the antenna module has low directivity, and its horizontal radiation pattern is close to a circle, thereby not only improving ranging uniformity and increasing ranging distance, but also reducing the algorithmic complexity of angle measurement, resulting in high engineering practicality. Furthermore, since the power divider and the first radiators are integrated on the antenna support, insertion loss can also be reduced.

[0085] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, see Figure 5 This illustrates a schematic diagram of the composition structure of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna module 10 may include an antenna support 101, a power divider 102, and a plurality of first radiators 103;

[0087] The antenna support 101 may include a first surface a and a first side surface b connected to the first surface a; wherein, a power divider 102 is disposed on the first surface a, and a plurality of first radiators 103 are disposed on the first side surface b, and the plurality of first radiators 103 are arranged in a ring around the first side surface b. The plurality of branches corresponding to the power divider 102 are electrically connected to the plurality of first radiators 103 respectively, for converting the radio frequency signal input to the power divider into an equal amplitude and in phase signal, and feeding it into the plurality of first radiators respectively.

[0088] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the antenna module 10 here can be either the first antenna module 10a or the second antenna module 10b in the aforementioned electronic device 1, and no specific limitation is made here. In addition, although the above describes one application scenario of the antenna module in the electronic device 1, it should be understood that the antenna modules (first antenna module 10a and second antenna module 10b) in the electronic device 1 should not be construed as limiting the specific structure of the antenna module 10 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0089] It should also be noted that, in this embodiment, the first surface a is the upper outer surface of the antenna support 101, and the first side surface b is the side outer surface of the antenna support 101. In addition to the first surface a and the first side surface b, the antenna support 101 may also include a second surface c (not shown in the figure); wherein, the second surface c may be the inner surface of the antenna support 101 that is away from the first surface a, specifically the upper inner surface of the antenna support 101.

[0090] Understandably, Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) is a professional laser processing, injection molding, and electroplating process for producing three-dimensional molded interconnect devices (3D-MID). Its principle is to give ordinary plastic components / circuit boards electrical interconnection functions, component support functions, and plastic housing support and protection functions, as well as shielding and antenna functions generated by the combination of mechanical entities and conductive patterns, into one, forming the so-called 3D-MID. It is suitable for IC Substrate, HDI PCB, and the production of local fine lines in Lead Frame.

[0091] The antenna bracket 101 can be made of plastic. Therefore, in one specific implementation, the power divider 102 can be engraved on the first surface a of the antenna bracket 101 using LDS, and the plurality of first radiators 103 can be engraved on the first side b of the antenna bracket 101 using LDS, so as to integrate the first antenna onto the antenna bracket and reduce insertion loss.

[0092] In this embodiment, the multiple branches corresponding to the power divider 102 are electrically connected to multiple first radiators, so that the fed equal-amplitude and in-phase signal forms a current loop on the first side b, thereby forming a first antenna with omnidirectional horizontal polarization characteristics. That is, when the first antenna is fed, the power divider 102 can output the input radio frequency signal with equal amplitude and in-phase signal through multiple branches; since the multiple branches corresponding to the power divider 102 are respectively connected to the first radiators, by feeding these multiple first radiators with equal amplitude and in-phase signal, a current loop (also called ring current, circular current, etc.) can be formed on the first side b, thus achieving omnidirectional radiation; at the same time, since the multiple first radiators are not grounded, the first antenna can also achieve horizontal polarization radiation, thereby reducing the directivity of the first antenna.

[0093] To further reduce the directivity of the first antenna, embodiments of this application may add a second radiator between every two adjacent first radiators. Therefore, in some embodiments, in Figure 5 Based on the antenna module 10 shown, see... Figure 6The antenna module 10 may also include multiple second radiators 104;

[0094] Among them, multiple second radiators 104 are disposed on the first side b, and there is no electrical connection between the multiple second radiators 104 and the multiple branches corresponding to the power distribution component 102.

[0095] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, a plurality of first radiators 103 and a plurality of second radiators 104 are alternately distributed around the first side surface b, and a gap is provided between adjacent first radiators and second radiators.

[0096] It should also be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first radiator and the second radiator can be, but are not limited to, conductive patches. In one specific implementation, the first radiator and the second radiator can be etched onto the first side surface b using LDS (Laser Distributed Stereo) technology. The shape of either the first or second radiator can be circular, rectangular, elliptical, polygonal, etc. In this embodiment, a rectangular conductive patch is used as an example to illustrate the first and second radiators.

[0097] In addition, in this embodiment, the antenna radiator may include two types: one is a first radiator directly connected to multiple branches corresponding to the power divider 102, which may also be called a feed radiating region or a monopole radiator; the other is a second radiator not directly connected to multiple branches corresponding to the power divider 102, which may also be called a parasitic patch. Here, the parasitic patch is isolated and can further reduce the directivity of the first antenna.

[0098] In some embodiments, the power divider 102 may include two conductive paths; wherein the two conductive paths intersect each other and have an intersection point, so as to form multiple branches corresponding to the power divider 102.

[0099] In one specific embodiment, the power distribution unit 102 has four branches, and the included angle between two adjacent branches is 90 degrees.

[0100] In a more specific embodiment, the power divider 102 can be a 1-to-4 power divider with an equal power divider structure, and the multiple first radiators are four first radiators. In this way, the four branches corresponding to the power divider 102 are electrically connected to the four first radiators respectively, for feeding equal amplitude and in-phase signals to the four first radiators.

[0101] It should be noted that, as Figure 5 or Figure 6As shown, the power divider 102 can be an LDS etched line in a cross shape on the antenna support. In this case, the power divider 102 has four branches, and each branch is connected to a first radiator. In this case, the power divider 102 can also be called a 1-to-4 power divider, so as to feed the four first radiators with equal amplitude and in phase.

[0102] It should also be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the four branches are electrically connected to the four first radiators respectively, which can correspondingly form four monopole antennas with equal amplitude and phase, so as to achieve omnidirectional radiation by feeding these four monopole antennas with equal amplitude and phase.

[0103] It can also be understood that when the power divider 102 is a 1-to-4 power divider, the multiple second radiators are also four second radiators; wherein, these four first radiators and four second radiators are alternately distributed on the first side b to form a ring structure; thus, when feeding the first antenna, a circular current can be formed on the first side b of the antenna support 101, thereby achieving omnidirectional radiation; at the same time, since the multiple first radiators or multiple second radiators are not grounded, the first antenna can also achieve horizontal polarization radiation.

[0104] When the first antenna is fed, in some embodiments, the antenna module 10 may further include a first feed element, a second feed element, and a substrate, wherein the second feed element and the substrate are both disposed on the side of the antenna support 101 facing away from the first surface a; wherein,

[0105] A first feed source is provided on the substrate, and a second feed component is electrically connected to the first feed source through the substrate.

[0106] The first feed element is mounted on the antenna bracket 101, and the first feed element is electrically connected to the second feed element and the power divider 102 respectively, so that the power divider 102 receives the radio frequency signal provided by the first feed source 74.

[0107] In one specific embodiment, the antenna support 101 is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole penetrates the first surface a and the second surface c opposite to the first surface;

[0108] The first power supply component includes a first power supply section and a second power supply section; wherein the first power supply section is disposed on the second surface, and the second power supply section is disposed within the first via, so that the power divider receives the radio frequency signal provided by the first feed source.

[0109] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the substrate can be a PCB board. The first feed source can be a radio frequency circuit disposed on the PCB board, which can provide radio frequency signals to power the first antenna.

[0110] It should also be noted that, in this embodiment, the second feed element can be the first feed spring corresponding to the first antenna. Both the first feed spring and the PCB board are disposed on the side of the antenna bracket 101 away from the upper outer surface. Specifically, one end of the first feed spring can be soldered to the PCB board, and the other end of the first feed spring can make metal-surface contact with the first feed portion disposed on the upper inner surface of the antenna bracket 101. The second feed portion is located in the first via, making the first via a metallized via. The upper inner surface and the upper outer surface of the antenna bracket 101 are electrically connected through the metallized via, so that the upper outer surface of the antenna bracket 101 can be fed, enabling the power divider 102 located on the upper outer surface to receive the radio frequency signal provided by the first feed source.

[0111] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in Figure 6 Based on the antenna module 10 shown, see... Figure 7 The antenna module 10 may further include a third radiator 105; wherein the third radiator 105 is disposed on the first surface a to form a second antenna with inverted F-shaped characteristics.

[0112] It should be noted that the shape of the second antenna is similar to an inverted letter F, so it can also be called an inverted F-type antenna. The inverted F-type antenna is characterized by its simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and high radiation efficiency. Within the 2.402–2.480 GHz operating frequency band specified by the Bluetooth protocol, the inverted F-type antenna can fully meet the bandwidth requirements of Bluetooth antennas.

[0113] Here, the operating frequency band of the first antenna is different from that of the second antenna. In one specific embodiment, the first antenna can operate in the CH9 band, and the second antenna can operate in the Bluetooth band. Specifically, the first antenna, which has omnidirectional horizontal polarization characteristics, can also be called an omnidirectional horizontal polarization UWB object-finding antenna, and it can be used for UWB object finding, operating in the UWB CH9 band; while the second antenna, which has inverted F-shaped characteristics, operates in the Bluetooth band and is suitable for short-range wireless communication.

[0114] It should also be noted that, when feeding the second antenna, in some embodiments, the antenna module 10 may further include a third feed element and a fourth feed element, and the fourth feed element is also disposed on the side of the antenna support 101 facing away from the first surface a; wherein,

[0115] A second feed source is provided on the substrate, and a fourth feed component is electrically connected to the second feed source through the substrate.

[0116] The third feed element is mounted on the antenna support 101 and is electrically connected to the fourth feed element and the third radiator 105, so that the third radiator 105 receives the radio frequency signal provided by the second feed source.

[0117] When powering the second antenna, the second antenna also needs to be grounded. Therefore, in some embodiments, the antenna module 10 may further include a fifth feed element and a sixth feed element, and the sixth feed element is also disposed on the side of the antenna support 101 facing away from the first surface a; wherein,

[0118] A ground is provided on the substrate, and the sixth power supply component is grounded through the substrate.

[0119] The fifth feed element is mounted on the antenna support 101, and the fifth feed element is electrically connected to the sixth feed element and the third radiator 105 respectively, so that the third radiator 105 is grounded.

[0120] In one specific embodiment, the antenna support 101 is further provided with a second through hole and a third through hole, and the second through hole and the third through hole penetrate the first surface a and the second surface c opposite to the first surface;

[0121] The third feed element includes a third feed section and a fourth feed section; wherein the third feed section is disposed on the second surface and the fourth feed section is disposed in the second via, so that the third radiator 105 receives the radio frequency signal provided by the second feed source.

[0122] The fifth power supply component includes a fifth power supply section and a sixth power supply section; wherein the fifth power supply section is disposed on the second surface, and the sixth power supply section is disposed in the third via, so that the third radiator 105 is grounded.

[0123] It should be noted that, taking a PCB board as the substrate as an example, in addition to the first feed source, a second feed source and a ground can also be provided on the PCB board. In the embodiments of this application, the fourth feed component can be the second feed spring corresponding to the second antenna, and the sixth feed component can be the ground spring corresponding to the second antenna.

[0124] Specifically, the second feed spring, ground spring, and PCB board are all located on the side of the antenna bracket 101 facing away from the upper outer surface. Specifically, one end of the second feed spring can be soldered to the PCB board, and the other end can make metal-surface contact with the third feed portion located on the upper inner surface of the antenna bracket 101. The fourth feed portion is located within the second via, making the second via also a metallized via. Similarly, the upper inner surface and upper outer surface of the antenna bracket 101 are electrically connected via this metallized via, enabling the third radiator 105 located on the upper outer surface to receive the radio frequency signal provided by the second feed source. In addition, one end of the grounding spring can be soldered to the PCB board, and the other end of the grounding spring can make metal-surface contact with the fifth feed part set on the upper inner surface of the antenna bracket 101; while the sixth feed part is located in the third via, making the third via also a metallized via. Similarly, the upper inner surface of the antenna bracket 101 is electrically connected to the upper outer surface according to the metallized via, so that the third radiator 105 located on the upper outer surface can be grounded.

[0125] In addition, in some embodiments, multiple clips may be provided on the antenna bracket to fix the antenna bracket to the PCB board.

[0126] In short, in this embodiment, a first antenna and a second antenna can be mounted on the antenna bracket, for example, by engraving two types of antennas on the antenna bracket using LDS. The first antenna is an omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna that supports UWB technology and can be used in UWB object-finding applications; the second antenna is an IFA antenna that supports Bluetooth and can be used for short-range Bluetooth communication.

[0127] This embodiment provides an antenna module. Based on the composition structure of the antenna module 10, the antenna module has low directivity and a horizontal radiation pattern that is close to a circle. This not only improves the uniformity of ranging and increases the ranging distance, but also reduces the algorithm complexity of angle measurement, making it highly practical for engineering applications. In addition, since the power divider and the first radiator are both integrated on the antenna support, the insertion loss can also be reduced.

[0128] In another embodiment of this application, see Figure 8 This illustrates a detailed structural diagram of an antenna module 10. (See diagram for example.) Figure 8 As shown, (a) is a top view of the upper outer surface (i.e., the first surface) of the antenna module 10, (b) is a top view of the upper inner surface (i.e., the second surface) of the antenna module 10, (c) is a side perspective view of the antenna module 10, and (d) is another side perspective view of the antenna module 10.

[0129] exist Figure 8In the diagram, 801 is used to identify the power divider (filled with vertical lines), 802 is used to identify the first radiator (filled with grid lines), 803 is used to identify the second radiator (filled with dots), 804 is used to identify the third radiator (indicated by bold lines), 804 is used to identify the first feed portion in the first feed component for metal-to-metal contact with the first feed spring (not shown in the figure); 805 is used to identify the first via, in which the second feed portion of the first feed component is disposed, so as to realize the connection between the first surface and the second surface, thereby enabling the power divider to feed in radio frequency signals; 806 is used to identify the third feed component... The third feed section is used to make metal-to-metal contact with the second feed spring (not shown in the figure); 807 is used to identify the second via, in which the fourth feed section of the third feed component is provided so as to connect the first surface and the second surface, thereby enabling the third radiator to also be fed with radio frequency signals; 808 is used to identify the fifth feed section of the fifth feed component so as to make metal-to-metal contact with the ground spring (not shown in the figure); 809 is used to identify the third via, in which the sixth feed section of the fifth feed component is provided so as to connect the first surface and the second surface, thereby grounding the third radiator.

[0130] exist Figure 8 In this configuration, the antenna module 10 may also include a PCB board. 810 is used to identify the clips on the antenna bracket, so that the antenna bracket can be fixed to the PCB board.

[0131] Furthermore, it should be noted that, as shown in (c) and (d), there are four first radiators and four second radiators, which are alternately distributed. Moreover, the first radiators are directly connected to the branch corresponding to the power divider, while the second radiators are not directly connected to the branch corresponding to the power divider; that is, the second radiators can be considered as isolated parasitic patches. Here, the power divider, the first radiators, the second radiators, and the first feed spring form a first antenna with omnidirectional horizontal polarization characteristics, while the third radiator, the second feed spring, and the ground spring form a second antenna with inverted F-type characteristics.

[0132] In summary, in this embodiment of the application, two antennas can be mounted on the antenna support, both of which are formed on the antenna support using LDS technology. Their functions and applications are shown in Table 2.

[0133] Table 2

[0134]

[0135]

[0136] The second antenna is an inverted F-type antenna. It can be fed by a second feed spring. There is also a grounding spring next to the second feed spring. The inner surface of the antenna bracket has two metal contact surfaces engraved by LDS. The inner and outer sides are connected by metallized vias engraved by LDS. It operates in the Bluetooth band and is used for Bluetooth communication.

[0137] The first antenna is an omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna used for UWB object finding, operating in the CH9 band of UWB. The second antenna has a first feed spring. The radio frequency signal is fed through the first feed spring soldered on the PCB board to the metal contact surface on the inner surface of the antenna bracket, and then fed at the center of the antenna bracket. The inner and outer sides are connected by metallized vias set by LDS. There are two intersecting LDS lines on the top of the antenna bracket. This is the power divider network of the first antenna, which can output the input video signal with equal amplitude and in phase. The ends of the LDS lines are connected to the antenna radiators (specifically four monopole radiators) on the side of the antenna bracket. Therefore, equal amplitude and in phase feeding of these four monopole radiators achieves omnidirectional radiation. In addition to the fed monopole radiators, there is also a parasitic patch between adjacent monopole radiators. This parasitic patch can further reduce the directivity of the first antenna. When the first antenna is fed, a current loop can be formed on the side of the antenna support, thus achieving omnidirectional radiation; since the monopole radiator or parasitic patch is not grounded on the outer ring of the PCB board (i.e., the outer circumference of the PCB board, which is also the ground of the PCB board), horizontal polarization radiation can also be achieved.

[0138] Figure 9A This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the scattering parameters of a first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9B This paper shows a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9C This paper shows a schematic diagram of the 8GHz surface current distribution of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9D This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the radiation pattern of a first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9E This illustration shows another radiation pattern diagram of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9F A schematic diagram of the directional distribution of the first antenna provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Wherein, as... Figure 9A and Figure 9B As shown, the first antenna has a wide bandwidth and high efficiency in the CH9 band of UWB; as Figure 9C , Figure 9D and Figure 9E As shown, thanks to the equal-amplitude, in-phase feed from the center, the fed monopole radiator and parasitic patch form a ring current on the side of the antenna support, generating omnidirectional horizontally polarized radiation; as Figure 9FAs shown, the directivity of the first antenna is less than 3dB in the CH9 band, and the minimum is close to 2dB, which means that the directivity of the antenna is very low.

[0139] Compared to related technologies, UWB antennas in related technologies have only one monopole and are significantly affected by the large PCB ground plane, resulting in high directivity (>4.5dB). In contrast, the technical solution of this application has lower directivity (approximately 2-3dB), achieving excellent omnidirectional radiation. Furthermore, thanks to the low directivity and horizontal omnidirectional radiation, angle and distance measurement performance is also significantly improved. This reduces the complexity of the software algorithm by improving the antenna hardware, thus reducing the workload of the software algorithm and demonstrating strong practical significance. In addition, the equal-amplitude, in-phase fed RF network of the antenna is designed on the antenna support, eliminating the need for additional PCB area. Integration into the antenna support also reduces insertion loss.

[0140] This embodiment provides an antenna module. The specific implementation of the aforementioned embodiments has been described in detail. It can be seen that, through the technical solutions of the aforementioned embodiments, on the one hand, due to the limitations of the equivalent omnidirectional radiated power spectral density of UWB transmitted signals, the antenna module has low directivity, which can reduce the antenna gain, thus increasing RF power, signal strength, ranging distance, and user experience, demonstrating strong engineering practicality. On the other hand, the low directivity of the antenna module results in a horizontal plane radiation pattern close to a circle, thus providing good ranging uniformity in the horizontal direction, further enhancing its engineering practicality. Furthermore, the radiator of the first antenna is designed on the side of the antenna support, forming a current loop during operation, thereby creating horizontally polarized radiation, which can be used in conjunction with a horizontally polarized angle-measuring antenna array. Moreover, in terms of angle measurement, thanks to the omnidirectional radiation in the horizontal plane, the antenna module can also reduce its dependence on angle-measuring algorithms by increasing the hardware complexity of the antenna, reducing software algorithm workload, improving user experience, and demonstrating strong engineering practicality.

[0141] In another embodiment of this application, see [link to application]. Figure 10 This illustrates a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 100 may include the antenna module 10 of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0142] Furthermore, Figure 11 A detailed structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, the electronic device 100 may also include a housing 1001; wherein the antenna module 10 is disposed inside the housing 1001.

[0143] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11As shown, the housing 1001 has a battery compartment 1002, and the electronic device 100 may also include a battery 1003; wherein the battery 1003 is disposed in the battery compartment 1002.

[0144] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the application, the battery 1003 can be a non-rechargeable battery (such as a button cell battery). In this case, the electronic device 100 does not need a charging interface and does not need to charge the battery 1003.

[0145] It should also be noted that in this embodiment of the application, the battery 1003 can also be a rechargeable battery (such as a storage battery, lithium battery, etc.), in which case the electronic device 100 needs a charging interface.

[0146] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, when the battery 1003 is a rechargeable battery, the electronic device 100 may also include a charging interface 1004; wherein the charging interface 1004 can be connected to an external power source to charge the battery 1003.

[0147] In one specific embodiment, the electronic device 100 may be a UWB tag device.

[0148] For example, see tag devices. Figure 12 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a tagging device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 As shown, the tag device 120 supports UWB object finding applications. The tag device 120 may include a housing 1201, an antenna bracket 1202, a first feed spring 1203, a second feed spring 1204, a grounding spring 1205, a PCB board 1206, a battery compartment 1207, and a button battery 1208, etc. The housing 1201, antenna bracket 1202, and battery compartment 1207 are all made of plastic; the first and second antennas are mounted on the antenna bracket 1202 via LDS (Local Distributed Sensor).

[0149] This application provides an electronic device that includes the antenna module described in the foregoing embodiments. Because the antenna module has low directivity and a horizontal radiation pattern that is close to a circle, it can not only improve the uniformity of ranging and increase the ranging distance, but also reduce the algorithm complexity of angle measurement, making it highly practical for engineering applications. In addition, since the power divider and the first radiator are both integrated on the antenna support, the insertion loss can also be reduced.

[0150] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0151] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0152] The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0153] The features disclosed in the several product embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0154] The features disclosed in the several method or device embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method or device embodiments.

[0155] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, The antenna module includes an antenna support, a power divider, and multiple first radiators; The antenna support includes a first surface and a first side surface connected to the first surface; wherein, the power divider is disposed on the first surface, the plurality of first radiators are disposed on the first side surface, and the plurality of first radiators are arranged in a ring around the first side surface, and the plurality of branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to the plurality of first radiators respectively, for converting the radio frequency signal input to the power divider into an equal amplitude and in phase signal, and feeding it into the plurality of first radiators respectively; The antenna module further includes a third radiator, a third feed element, a fourth feed element, and a substrate, wherein the fourth feed element and the substrate are both disposed on the side of the antenna support away from the first surface. A second feed source is provided on the substrate, and the fourth feed component is electrically connected to the second feed source through the substrate; the third feed component is provided on the antenna bracket, and the third feed component is electrically connected to the fourth feed component and the third radiator respectively, so that the third radiator receives the radio frequency signal provided by the second feed source.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna module also includes multiple second radiators; The plurality of second radiators are disposed on the first side, and there is no electrical connection between the plurality of second radiators and the plurality of branches corresponding to the power divider.

3. The antenna module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of first radiators and the plurality of second radiators are alternately distributed around the first side, and a gap is provided between adjacent first radiators and second radiators.

4. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power divider includes two conductive paths; wherein the two conductive paths intersect each other and have an intersection point to form multiple branches corresponding to the power divider.

5. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power divider is a one-to-four power divider with an equal power divider structure, and the plurality of first radiators are four first radiators; The four branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to the four first radiators, respectively, and are used to feed the equal amplitude and in-phase signal to the four first radiators.

6. The antenna module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The four branches are electrically connected to the four first radiators respectively, forming four monopole antennas with equal amplitude and phase.

7. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna module further includes a first feed component and a second feed component, and the second feed component and the substrate are both disposed on the side of the antenna support away from the first surface; A first feed source is provided on the substrate, and the second feed component is electrically connected to the first feed source through the substrate. The first feed element is disposed on the antenna bracket, and the first feed element is electrically connected to the second feed element and the power divider, so that the power divider receives the radio frequency signal provided by the first feed source.

8. The antenna module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The antenna bracket is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole penetrates the first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; The first power supply component includes a first power supply portion and a second power supply portion; wherein the first power supply portion is disposed on the second surface, and the second power supply portion is disposed within the first via, so that the power divider receives the radio frequency signal provided by the first feed source.

9. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The multiple branches corresponding to the power divider are electrically connected to the multiple first radiators, so that the fed equal-amplitude and in-phase signals form a current loop on the first side to form a first antenna with omnidirectional horizontal polarization characteristics.

10. The antenna module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third radiator is disposed on the first surface to form a second antenna with inverted F-shaped characteristics.

11. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna module further includes a fifth feed element and a sixth feed element, and the sixth feed element is disposed on the side of the antenna bracket away from the first surface; A ground is provided on the substrate, and the sixth power supply component is grounded through the substrate; The fifth feed element is disposed on the antenna support, and the fifth feed element is electrically connected to the sixth feed element and the third radiator respectively, so that the third radiator is grounded.

12. The antenna module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The antenna bracket is provided with a second through hole and a third through hole, and the second through hole and the third through hole penetrate the first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; The third feed element includes a third feed portion and a fourth feed portion; wherein, the third feed portion is disposed on the second surface, and the fourth feed portion is disposed in the second via, so that the third radiator receives the radio frequency signal provided by the second feed source; The fifth power supply component includes a fifth power supply section and a sixth power supply section; wherein the fifth power supply section is disposed on the second surface, and the sixth power supply section is disposed within the third via, so that the third radiator is grounded.

13. The antenna module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first antenna operates in the CH9 band, and the second antenna operates in the Bluetooth band.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes an antenna module as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a housing; wherein the antenna module is disposed inside the housing.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The housing has a battery compartment, and the electronic device also includes a battery; wherein the battery is disposed within the battery compartment.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a charging interface; wherein the charging interface is used to connect an external power source to charge the battery.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that, The electronic device is a UWB tag device.

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