A wind-solar hydrogen production power pre-distribution method based on electrolytic tank power continuity

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of electric power, and discloses a wind-solar hydrogen production power pre-distribution method based on electrolytic tank power continuity. The wind-solar hydrogen production system is composed of a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind power generation module, an energy storage module and multiple groups of electrolytic tanks. The power pre-distribution method is an optimization method proposed for the problem that the influence of electrolytic tank power change is not considered when the power distribution plan is formulated. On the basis of the existing power distribution plan, the electrolytic tank hydrogen production power continuity and the minimum number of electrolytic tank start-stop times are newly added targets, the number of unknown variables which is the product of the calculation hours and the electrolytic tank quantity plus one is taken as the solving object, and the SPEA2 algorithm is used to optimize the existing plan, so that the electrolytic tank hydrogen production efficiency is improved and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power, and more particularly to a method for pre-allocating wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous power output from an electrolyzer. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the total installed capacity of wind and solar power has grown rapidly. Due to their unpredictable nature, the power generated in some areas cannot be fully utilized, resulting in wind and solar curtailment. Wind and solar power are the mainstays of new energy power generation. Utilizing wind and solar energy to produce hydrogen can achieve two goals at once and is one of the important technological means for developing hydrogen energy and other new energy power generation.

[0003] Electrolyzers are a crucial component of wind-solar hydrogen production systems, converting electrical energy into hydrogen energy. Electrolyzers possess inherent characteristics; the hydrogen production power and output exhibit a non-linear relationship, and the output is affected by operating cell temperature and pressure. As a load unit, the operating efficiency of the electrolyzer directly impacts the economic benefits of the wind-solar hydrogen production system, requiring close attention. Research on energy management for electrolyzers reveals the following common issues:

[0004] 1) The impact of power changes was not considered when formulating the electrolyzer power allocation plan. The cell temperature and pressure of the electrolyzer change slowly. When the hydrogen production power changes, the cell temperature and pressure are difficult to reach the optimal value quickly, which affects the hydrogen production efficiency and also reduces the service life of the electrolyzer.

[0005] 2) Existing research on energy management lacks optimization methods for continuous electrolyzer power targets. Using the SPEA2 algorithm directly presents challenges in solving for the product of calculation hours and the number of electrolyzers, making convergence difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a wind and solar hydrogen production power pre-allocation method based on continuous electrolyzer power, which can rationally allocate hydrogen production power and optimize the electrolyzer hydrogen production plan.

[0007] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for pre-allocating wind-solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power, wherein the wind-solar hydrogen production system includes:

[0009] Photovoltaic power generation modules are used to convert light energy into electrical energy;

[0010] Wind power generation module, used to convert wind energy into electrical energy;

[0011] Energy storage modules are used to store and release electrical energy according to system requirements;

[0012] Multiple electrolyzers are used to produce hydrogen according to the system's allocated power.

[0013] The term "continuous power production of the electrolyzer" refers to minimizing the hourly hydrogen production power difference of the electrolyzer. The wind and solar hydrogen production power pre-allocation method is as follows: a multi-objective function is designed that includes the continuous hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer and the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the electrolyzer. The SPEA2 algorithm is used to optimize the existing power allocation plan, generating multiple sets of power allocation plans. Then, the optimal power allocation plan is selected using the objective fitness function based on the multi-objective function, thereby realizing the pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned wind-solar hydrogen production power pre-allocation method is specifically as follows:

[0015] Step 1: Obtain the hourly wind and solar power output, energy storage SOC, and existing power allocation plan of the wind and solar hydrogen production system;

[0016] Step 2: Determine the initial population size and initialize the population parameters. Each population group represents a possible power allocation plan. Replace any population group with the existing power allocation plan.

[0017] Step 3: Based on the current hourly wind and solar power output and energy storage SOC, determine whether it meets the simplified procedure. If so, proceed directly to step 6 after iterative optimization of the initial population according to the type of simplified procedure it meets; otherwise, proceed to step 4.

[0018] Step 4: Design a multi-objective function that includes the continuous hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer and the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the electrolyzer;

[0019] Step 5: Optimize the existing power allocation plan using the SPEA2 algorithm to generate multiple power allocation plans;

[0020] Step 6: Select the optimal power allocation plan using the objective fitness function based on multi-objective functions to achieve pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power.

[0021] Furthermore, the power allocation plan includes the hourly charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and the power allocation of the electrolyzer over a future period.

[0022] Furthermore, the conditions for meeting the simplified procedure include:

[0023] The scenery is beautiful, but no effort is put in;

[0024] Both wind and solar power outputs are available, and their output is greater than the sum of energy storage charging power and hydrogen production power.

[0025] The wind and solar power are generating power, and the energy storage is in a discharging state.

[0026] Furthermore, if the wind and solar power are not generating power and the energy storage SOC is less than the economic operating limit, the electrolyzer will operate in standby mode. The charging and discharging power of the energy storage device will be optimized based on the power distribution of the electrolyzers in the population, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, The charging and discharging power of the energy storage device in the j-th hour; Let be the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer in a certain group during the j-th hour; n is the number of electrolyzers.

[0029] If wind and solar power are not contributing, and the energy storage SOC is equal to or greater than the lower limit of economic operation, then based on whether the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzers in the population exceeds the upper limit, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and / or the hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer are optimized. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, Rated hydrogen power for the electrolyzer;

[0032] Traverse the entire population, perform crossover and mutation on the optimized population to generate a new population, and iteratively execute the above formula to optimize the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and / or the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer until the number of iterations reaches the upper limit.

[0033] Furthermore, if wind and solar power outputs are available, and the outputs are greater than the sum of the energy storage charging power and the hydrogen production power, then the optimized charging and discharging power of the energy storage device is equal to the rated charging power, and the optimized hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer is equal to the rated hydrogen production power.

[0034] Furthermore, if wind and solar power outputs are available and energy storage is in a discharging state, then the sum of the electrolyzer power distribution in the optimized population is equal to the sum of the wind and solar power outputs and the energy storage discharge power:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, For the wind power output in the j-th hour, Provide photovoltaic power output for the j-th hour;

[0037] Traverse the entire population, perform crossover and mutation on the optimized population to generate a new population, and iteratively execute the above formula to optimize the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device until the number of iterations reaches the upper limit.

[0038] Furthermore, the multi-objective function includes the renewable energy power generation absorption rate, system economic benefits, number of electrolyzer start-ups and shutdowns, and continuous electrolyzer power; the number of electrolyzer start-ups and shutdowns is the sum of the number of times the electrolyzer switches from the working state to the standby state and from the standby state to the working state.

[0039] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell power is continuous, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, P DI This represents the difference in hydrogen production power per hour between the electrolyzers. is the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer in the j-th hour; m is the system's calculated hours.

[0042] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the target fitness function is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, N F P% represents the target fitness rate, P% represents the renewable energy power generation absorption rate, E represents the system economic benefit, and F represents the number of electrolyzer start-ups and shutdowns. DI Let E be the difference in hydrogen production power per hour between electrolyzers, a be the adaptability coefficient of new energy power generation absorption rate, b be the adaptability coefficient of system economic benefit, and E be the value of hydrogen production per hour between electrolyzers. max Given the maximum profit of the system, E min Given the minimum profit of the system, c is the fitness coefficient for the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the electrolyzer, and d is the fitness coefficient for continuous power output of the electrolyzer. Rated hydrogen power for the electrolyzer.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The power pre-allocation method for wind and solar hydrogen production systems of this invention takes the continuous power of the electrolyzer as the main optimization objective, which can achieve a smoother hydrogen production plan curve, improve hydrogen production efficiency, and extend equipment life. This invention also provides a method for simultaneously solving multivariable problems, solving the problem of difficult convergence of calculation results. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wind-solar hydrogen production system;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the power distribution method of a wind-solar hydrogen production system.

[0048] Figure 3 These are the power curves for photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a comparison curve of hydrogen production power;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a curve comparing energy storage power;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a comparison curve of the single-unit hydrogen production power;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a comparison curve of energy storage SOC;

[0053] Figure 8 It is a comparison curve of the absorption rate;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a curve comparing hydrogen production rates. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the following detailed description of a wind-solar hydrogen production power pre-allocation method based on continuous electrolyzer power is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the wind-solar hydrogen production system of this invention consists of a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind power generation module, an energy storage module (energy storage battery), and multiple electrolyzers. The photovoltaic power generation module converts solar energy into electrical energy; the wind power generation module converts wind energy into electrical energy; the energy storage module stores and releases electrical energy according to system needs; and the electrolyzers produce hydrogen according to the allocated power of the system. The power pre-allocation method for the wind-solar hydrogen production system provided by this invention mainly optimizes the existing electrolyzer power allocation plan based on the continuous target of electrolyzer hydrogen production power, using the SPEA2 algorithm to improve the efficiency of electrolyzer hydrogen production, thereby increasing the profitability of the wind-solar hydrogen production system.

[0057] The block diagram of the power pre-allocation method is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, specifically:

[0058] Step 1: Determine the parameters and initial inputs of each module in the system based on the actual operating requirements of the wind and solar hydrogen production system.

[0059] The initial system inputs include hourly wind and solar power output, energy storage SOC, and existing power allocation plan. The existing power allocation plan includes the hourly charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and the power allocation of the electrolyzer over a future period.

[0060] Step 2: Determine the initial population size and initialize the population parameters. Each population group represents a possible solution, including the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and the power allocation of the electrolyzer in the next few hours; replace the first population group with the existing power allocation plan.

[0061] Step 3: Based on the current hourly wind and solar power output and energy storage SOC, determine whether the following four conditions are met. If they are met, perform iterative optimization of the population according to the conditions met, and execute Step 5 after the iterative optimization is completed; if not, execute Step 4.

[0062] The four situations mentioned include:

[0063] (1) If wind and solar power do not generate electricity, and the energy storage SOC is less than the lower limit of economic operation. The charging and discharging power of the energy storage device is optimized based on the power distribution of the electrolyzers in the population. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, The charging and discharging power of the energy storage device in the j-th hour is expressed in kW. Let represent the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer in a certain group during the j-th hour, in kW; n is the number of electrolyzers, in units.

[0066] Traverse the entire population, perform crossover and mutation on the optimized population to generate a new population, and iteratively execute the above formula to optimize the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device until the number of iterations reaches the upper limit.

[0067] (2) If wind and solar power do not generate electricity, and the energy storage SOC is equal to or greater than the lower limit of economic operation. Based on whether the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzers in the population exceeds the upper limit, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and / or the hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer are optimized. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, The rated hydrogen power for the electrolyzer is expressed in kW.

[0070] As can be seen from the above formula, when the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzers in the population exceeds the upper limit, the optimized charging and discharging power of the energy storage device is equal to the sum of the rated hydrogen production power, and the optimized hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer is equal to the rated hydrogen production power.

[0071] When the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer in the population does not exceed the upper limit, the optimized energy storage device's charging and discharging power is equal to the sum of the hydrogen production power. The entire population is traversed, and the optimized population is cross-crossed and mutated to generate a new population. The above formula is iteratively executed to optimize the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and / or the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer until the number of iterations reaches the upper limit.

[0072] (3) If wind and solar power output is available and the output of wind and solar power is greater than the sum of the energy storage charging power and the hydrogen production power, then the optimized energy storage device charging and discharging power is equal to the rated charging power, and the optimized hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer is equal to the rated hydrogen production power.

[0073] (4) If wind and solar power outputs are available and energy storage is in a discharging state, then the sum of the power distribution of the electrolyzers in the optimized population is equal to the sum of the wind and solar power outputs and the energy storage discharge power:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, The wind power output in the j-th hour is expressed in kW. The photovoltaic output in hour j is expressed in kW.

[0076] Traverse the entire population, perform crossover and mutation on the optimized population to generate a new population, and iteratively execute the above formula to optimize the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device until the number of iterations reaches the upper limit.

[0077] Step 3: Based on the existing objectives, add objective functions for the number of electrolytic cell start-ups and shutdowns and power continuity to form new multi-optimization objectives.

[0078] In this embodiment, the objective function includes the renewable energy power generation absorption rate, system economic benefits, number of electrolyzer start-ups and shutdowns, and continuous electrolyzer power output. The renewable energy power generation absorption rate is the proportion of the sum of the electrolyzer's hydrogen production power and energy storage charging / discharging power to the total power of wind and solar power generation, and it is expected to achieve complete absorption. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, P% represents the renewable energy power generation absorption rate.

[0081] The system's economic benefit, i.e., the revenue from hydrogen sales, is expected to maximize the system's revenue. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, E represents the system's economic benefit, expressed in yuan. The hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer in the j-th hour is expressed in Nm³. 3 C H This is the unit price for hydrogen, expressed in yuan / Nm³. 3 .

[0084] The number of electrolytic cell start-ups and shutdowns is the sum of the number of times the electrolytic cell switches from operating state to standby state and from standby state to operating state. The fewer the start-ups and shutdowns, the longer the equipment lifespan. Let F represent the number of electrolytic cell start-ups and shutdowns, measured in times. When S... F ×S H When <0, F increases by 1, where S F S is the start-up and shutdown state factor of the electrolytic cell; H This is the state of hydrogen production in an electrolyzer.

[0085] Electrolyzer power continuity refers to the hourly hydrogen production power difference of the electrolyzer, aiming to minimize the variation in hydrogen production power. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, P DI This represents the difference in hydrogen production power per hour from the electrolyzer, expressed in kW. is the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer in the j-th hour, in kW; m is the system's calculated hours, in hours.

[0088] Step 4: Use the SPEA2 multi-objective optimization algorithm to find the optimal seed cluster.

[0089] The optimal seed cluster contains multiple sets of power allocation plans for each hour over a future period of time (within the system's computing hours).

[0090] Step 5: Determine the target fitness coefficient and select the optimal power allocation plan corresponding to the optimal population.

[0091] In this embodiment, the fitness coefficient of each objective is determined based on the expected values ​​of each objective in the system, with the minimum fitness as the objective. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, N F denoted as Target fitness; a is the fitness coefficient for renewable energy power generation absorption rate; b is the fitness coefficient for system economic benefits; E max E represents the maximum revenue of the known system, expressed in yuan. min denoted as minimum profit of the known system, in yuan; c is the fitness coefficient for the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the electrolytic cell; d is the fitness coefficient for continuous power output of the electrolytic cell. The rated hydrogen power for the electrolyzer is expressed in kW.

[0094] To verify the effectiveness of the aforementioned power pre-allocation method for wind-solar hydrogen production systems in continuously optimizing electrolyzer power, in a specific implementation, the wind-solar hydrogen production system, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic modules have a rated capacity of 10MW, the wind power modules have a rated capacity of 25MW, and there are four electrolyzers, each with a rated capacity of 2.5MW. The initial SOC of the energy storage is taken as 20%. The photovoltaic and wind power outputs used in the hydrogen production system are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. After introducing the power pre-allocation method, the hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer is solved according to the SPEA2 algorithm. Figure 4 This represents the sum of hydrogen production power from all electrolyzers. It can be seen that the power continuity of the pre-allocated electrolyzers is better than before optimization, as shown at times 22, 23, and 24 in the figure. The energy storage charging and discharging power and the power of a single hydrogen production unit in the system are respectively as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown in the figures, the continuity effect is better; at the same time, the SOC state, power generation absorption rate, and hydrogen production targets are very close, such as... Figure 7 , 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the effectiveness of the method proposed in this invention is demonstrated.

[0095] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific circumstances without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for pre-allocating wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power, applied to a wind and solar hydrogen production system, characterized in that, The wind-solar hydrogen production system includes: Photovoltaic power generation modules are used to convert light energy into electrical energy; Wind power generation module, used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; Energy storage modules are used to store and release electrical energy according to system requirements; Multiple electrolyzers are used to produce hydrogen according to the system's allocated power. The term "continuous power production of the electrolyzer" refers to minimizing the hourly difference in hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer. The wind-solar hydrogen production power pre-allocation method involves designing a multi-objective function that includes both continuous hydrogen production power and the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the electrolyzer. The SPEA2 algorithm is used to optimize existing power allocation plans, generating multiple sets of power allocation plans. Then, an optimal power allocation plan is selected using a goal fitness function based on the multi-objective function, thus achieving wind-solar hydrogen production power pre-allocation. Specifically: Step 1: Obtain the hourly wind and solar power output, energy storage SOC, and existing power allocation plan of the wind and solar hydrogen production system; Step 2: Determine the initial population size and initialize the population parameters. Each population group represents a possible power allocation plan. Replace any population group with the existing power allocation plan. Step 3: Based on the current hourly wind and solar power output and energy storage SOC, determine whether it meets the simplified procedure. If so, proceed directly to step 6 after iterative optimization of the initial population according to the type of simplified procedure it meets; otherwise, proceed to step 4. The conditions for meeting the simplified procedure include: The scenery is beautiful, but no effort is put in; Both wind and solar power outputs are available, and their output is greater than the sum of energy storage charging power and hydrogen production power. The wind and solar power are generating power, and the energy storage is in a discharging state; Step 4: Design a multi-objective function that includes the continuous hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer and the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the electrolyzer; Step 5: Optimize the existing power allocation plan using the SPEA2 algorithm to generate multiple power allocation plans; Step 6: Select the optimal power allocation plan using the objective fitness function based on multi-objective functions to achieve pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power.

2. The method for pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power allocation plan includes the hourly charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and the power allocation of the electrolyzer over a future period.

3. The method for pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the wind and solar power are not generating power, and the energy storage SOC is below the economic operating limit, the electrolyzer will operate in standby mode. The charging and discharging power of the energy storage device will be optimized based on the power distribution of the electrolyzers in the population. The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, The charging and discharging power of the energy storage device in the j-th hour; Let be the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer in a certain group during the j-th hour; n is the number of electrolyzers. If wind and solar power are not contributing, and the energy storage SOC is equal to or greater than the lower limit of economic operation, then based on whether the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzers in the population exceeds the upper limit, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and / or the hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer are optimized. The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, Rated hydrogen power for the electrolyzer; Traverse the entire population, perform crossover and mutation on the optimized population to generate a new population, iteratively execute formula (1) and formula (2) to optimize the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device and / or the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer, until the number of iterations reaches the upper limit.

4. The method for pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If wind and solar power outputs are available, and the outputs are greater than the sum of the energy storage charging power and the hydrogen production power, then the optimized charging and discharging power of the energy storage device is equal to the rated charging power, and the optimized hydrogen production power of each electrolyzer is equal to the rated hydrogen production power.

5. The method for pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If wind and solar power are outputting electricity and energy storage is in a discharging state, then the sum of the power distribution of the electrolyzers in the optimized population is equal to the sum of the output of wind and solar power and the discharge power of energy storage: ； In the formula, For the wind power output in the j-th hour, For photovoltaic power output in hour j, The charging and discharging power of the energy storage device in the j-th hour. Let n be the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer in a certain group during the j-th hour, and n be the number of electrolyzers. Traverse the entire population, perform crossover and mutation on the optimized population to generate a new population, iteratively execute formula (3) to optimize the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device until the number of iterations reaches the upper limit.

6. The method for pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-objective function includes the renewable energy power generation absorption rate, system economic benefits, number of electrolyzer start-ups and shutdowns, and continuous electrolyzer power; the number of electrolyzer start-ups and shutdowns is the sum of the number of times the electrolyzer switches from the working state to the standby state and from the standby state to the working state.

7. The method for pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The electrolytic cell has continuous power, and the calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, This represents the difference in hydrogen production power per hour between the electrolyzers. Let m be the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer in the j-th hour; m is the system's calculated hours; and n is the number of electrolyzers.

8. The method for pre-allocation of wind and solar hydrogen production power based on continuous electrolyzer power as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the target fitness function is as follows: ； In the formula, For target fitness, For the absorption rate of new energy power generation, For the sake of systemic economic benefits, This refers to the number of times the electrolytic cell has been started and stopped. This represents the difference in hydrogen production power per hour between the electrolyzers. This is the adaptability coefficient for the absorption rate of new energy power generation. The fitness coefficient for system economic benefits. Given the maximum profit of the system, Given the minimum profit of the system, The fitness coefficient for the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the electrolytic cell. The continuous fitness coefficient of electrolytic cell power. The rated hydrogen power for the electrolyzer is given, where n is the number of electrolyzers.

Images