Braking mechanism and rotary drilling rig

Abstract

The application provides a brake mechanism suitable for a rotary drilling rig, the rotary drilling rig comprising a superstructure assembly, a substructure assembly and a slewing reducer, the superstructure assembly and the substructure assembly being connected in relative rotation through a slewing bearing, an output shaft of the slewing reducer being engaged in transmission with the slewing bearing, and the brake mechanism being used for locking the slewing bearing and capable of being close to and in mutual contact with the slewing bearing to realize braking. The application also provides a rotary drilling rig comprising the brake mechanism. In the rotary drilling rig, slewing braking is realized through the friction contact between the brake mechanism and the slewing bearing, there is no gap between the teeth, the stability of the whole machine in construction is ensured, the safety in the construction process is improved, and the brake mechanism replaces the reducer used only for braking in the double reducers to save the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a braking mechanism and a rotary drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary drilling rigs are large-scale piling equipment widely used in foundation engineering construction in my country. The upper and lower rig assemblies of a rotary drilling rig are connected by a platform slewing mechanism, allowing the upper rig to rotate relative to the lower rig. Upper rig rotation is a frequent action during rotary drilling rig operation. Once the upper rig has rotated to its correct position, the platform slewing mechanism is locked and braked to prevent accidental rotation of the upper rig, thus ensuring the quality of the borehole.

[0003] Current rotary drilling rigs use dual reducers for slewing braking. One reducer is driven and braked by a motor, while the other is solely for braking. Most rotary drilling rigs on the market currently use telescopic drill rods. The drilling process involves filling a bucket with soil, lifting the drill to the surface, rotating approximately 90° to unload the soil, reversing to the original hole position, and repeating this process. During this process, the sudden braking of the reducer generates significant instantaneous kinetic energy, resulting in a large impact load on the reducer's output shaft, which can easily damage the reducer. Furthermore, during drilling, if the drill bit encounters hard rock or misalignment after each soil unloading causes off-center drilling, the drill bit experiences significant off-center loading, generating a strong torque transmitted to the reducer and causing damage. Currently, the impact torque during slewing and operation is borne by the reducer's output shaft, making it prone to damage and posing a safety hazard. Additionally, while one reducer provides the driving force, the other only provides braking, leading to higher costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a rotary drilling rig to solve the problems of easy damage to the reducer used for braking, which leads to construction safety hazards and high production costs.

[0005] This invention provides a braking mechanism suitable for rotary drilling rigs. The rotary drilling rig includes an upper carriage assembly, a lower carriage assembly, and a slewing reducer. The upper carriage assembly and the lower carriage assembly are rotatably connected to each other via a slewing bearing. The output shaft of the slewing reducer meshes with the slewing bearing for transmission. The braking mechanism is used to lock the slewing bearing. The braking mechanism can approach and rub against the slewing bearing to achieve braking.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the braking mechanism includes a brake arm, a brake element, and a driving device. The brake arm has a transition point rotatably connected to the lower carriage assembly. The brake arm has a first hinge point hinged to the brake element and a second hinge point hinged to the driving device. The first hinge point and the second hinge point are respectively located on both sides of the transition point. The driving device is fixedly connected to the lower carriage assembly. The driving device can drive the brake arm to rotate around the transition point to move closer to or away from the slewing bearing, thereby driving the brake element to move away from or closer to the slewing bearing, realizing the switching of the rotary drilling rig between the unlocked state and the braking state.

[0007] In the braking state, the braking element is close to the slewing bearing and rubs against the slewing bearing; in the unlocked state, the braking element is away from the slewing bearing.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the brake arm includes a first part and a second part connected in sequence, the transition point is located at the connection between the first part and the second part, the first hinge point is located at the end of the first part away from the transition point, the second hinge point is located at the end of the second part away from the transition point, and the length direction of the first part and the length direction of the second part form an angle of 60° to 160°.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first hinge point and the slewing bearing is less than the distance between the transition point and the slewing bearing.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the braking component includes a brake shoe and a friction plate. The friction plate is fixedly connected to the brake shoe. The brake shoe is hinged to the first portion at the first hinge point. In the braking state, the friction plate approaches the slewing bearing and rubs against the slewing bearing.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the friction plate is in surface contact with the slewing bearing, and the surface of the friction plate near the slewing bearing is adapted to the outer contour of the slewing bearing.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the line distance between the first hinge point and the transition point is less than the line distance between the second hinge point and the transition point.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, there are two braking mechanisms, which are rotate symmetrically distributed about the center line of the slewing bearing as the axis of symmetry.

[0015] The present invention also provides a rotary drilling rig, including the braking mechanism as described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention compared with the prior art are as follows: In the braking mechanism and rotary drilling rig of this invention, the rotary braking is achieved by frictional contact between the braking mechanism and the slewing bearing, eliminating tooth-to-tooth backlash, ensuring the stability of the entire machine during construction, and improving the safety of the construction process; the braking mechanism replaces the dual reducer used only for braking in the braking process, saving production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a front view of the rotary drilling rig without the braking mechanism and part of the upper hull assembly.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of a rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation and connection between the undercarriage assembly, braking mechanism and slewing bearing of a rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structural connection between the braking mechanism and the slewing bearing.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the braking mechanism of a rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the braking mechanism of a rotary drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 5 The top view shown.

[0025] Figure 9 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structural connection of the slewing reducer, braking mechanism, and slewing bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0027] This invention provides a braking mechanism suitable for rotary drilling rigs, such as... Figure 1-4As shown, the rotary drilling rig includes an upper carriage assembly 10, a lower carriage assembly 20, and a slewing reducer 30. The upper carriage assembly 10 and the lower carriage assembly 20 are rotatably connected relative to each other via a slewing bearing 50, and the upper carriage assembly 10 can rotate relative to the lower carriage assembly 20 via the slewing bearing 50. The slewing reducer 30 is mounted on the upper carriage assembly, and the output shaft of the slewing reducer 30 meshes with the slewing bearing 50 for transmission. A braking mechanism 40 is located between the upper carriage assembly 10 and the lower carriage assembly 20, and is used to lock the slewing bearing 50. The braking mechanism 40 can approach and rub against the slewing bearing 50 to achieve braking.

[0028] In the braking mechanism of the present invention, slewing braking is achieved through frictional contact between the braking mechanism 40 and the slewing bearing 50, eliminating tooth-to-tooth backlash, ensuring the stability of the entire machine during construction, and improving the safety of the construction process; the braking mechanism 40 replaces the dual reducer used only for braking in the braking process, saving production costs.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the braking mechanism 40 includes a brake arm 41, a brake element 42, and a drive device 43. The brake arm 41 is rotatably connected to the lower carriage assembly 20 and has a transition point rotatably connected to the lower carriage assembly 20. Both ends of the brake arm 41 are hinged to the brake element 42 and the drive device 43, respectively, and have a first hinge point hinged to the brake element 42 and a second hinge point hinged to the drive device 43. The first and second hinge points are located on opposite sides of the transition point. The drive device 43 is fixedly connected to the lower carriage assembly 20. The drive device 43 can drive the brake arm 41 to rotate around the transition point to move closer to or away from the slewing bearing 50, thereby causing the brake element 42 to move away from or closer to the slewing bearing 50, realizing the switching between the unlocked and braking states of the rotary drilling rig. In the braking state, the brake element 42 approaches the slewing bearing 50 and rubs against it; in the unlocked state, the brake element 42 moves away from the slewing bearing 50. Braking is achieved by the mutual contact and friction between the brake element 42 and the slewing bearing 50, eliminating the tooth-to-tooth meshing braking between the brake reducer and the slewing bearing 50. At the same time, there is a gap between the sides of the teeth, which can easily increase the shaking of the whole machine and make it easy to deviate from the hole. This improves the stability of the braking process, and can accurately lock the hole at the required position when slewing and drilling, without deviation.

[0030] It should be noted that the drive device 43 can be a hydraulic cylinder.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 6-7As shown, the brake arm 41 includes a first part 411 and a second part 412 connected sequentially. A transition point is located at the junction of the first part 411 and the second part 412. A first hinge point is located at the end of the first part 411 furthest from the transition point, and a second hinge point is located at the end of the second part 412 furthest from the transition point. The length direction of the first part 411 and the length direction of the second part 412 form an angle of 60° to 160°. Those skilled in the art can set the angle to 60°, 70°, 80°, 100°, 110°, 115°, 125°, 130°, 145°, 150°, 155°, etc., according to actual needs; no single limitation is made here.

[0032] Specifically, the brake arm 41 is composed of upper and lower support plates, and a supporting rib is provided between the upper and lower support plates to increase strength. The supporting rib is welded between the upper and lower support plates. The upper and lower support plates have identical structural shapes and are spaced apart and relatively overlapping in the vertical direction. The output end of the drive device 43 is located between the upper and lower support plates and can be hinged via a pin. The brake component 42 is partially located between the upper and lower support plates and can be hinged via a pin.

[0033] In this embodiment, the braking component 42 includes a brake shoe 421 and a friction plate 422. The friction plate 422 is fixedly connected to the brake shoe 421. The brake shoe 421 is hinged to the first part 411 at the first hinge point. In the braking state, the friction plate 422 approaches the slewing bearing 50 and comes into contact with and rubs against the slewing bearing 50.

[0034] The braking principle of the braking mechanism 40 mainly utilizes the lever principle, that is, with the hinge point as the fulcrum, the second hinge point moves away from the slewing bearing 50, and simultaneously, the first hinge point moves closer to the slewing bearing 50. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 8 The transition point is defined as B, the first hinge point as A, and the second hinge point as C. D is the fixed point where the drive unit 43 is fixedly connected to the lower vehicle assembly 20 relative to the lower vehicle assembly. With D as the fixed point (fixedly connected to the lower vehicle assembly 20), the drive component (piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder) of the drive unit 43 drives the brake arm 41 to move with B as the rotation fulcrum. At this time, C rotates clockwise around B away from the slewing bearing 50. Simultaneously, A rotates clockwise around B and moves closer to the slewing bearing 50. This causes the brake shoe 421 located at B to generate positive pressure on the outer ring surface of the slewing bearing 50. In turn, the friction plate 422 with a larger coefficient of friction generates friction force to frictionally lock and brake the slewing bearing 50, thereby achieving the required slewing braking torque and realizing braking.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first hinge point A is closer to the slewing bearing 50 than the transition point B. Specifically, the line connecting the first hinge point A, the transition point B, the second hinge point C, and the fixed point D can be an arc, with the center of the arc close to the center of the slewing bearing 50.

[0036] In this embodiment, the friction plate 422 and the slewing bearing 50 are in surface contact. The surface of the friction plate 422 near the slewing bearing 50 is adapted to the outer contour of the slewing bearing 50, which appropriately increases the contact area between the friction plate 422 and the slewing bearing 50, thereby increasing the friction force and improving the braking effect.

[0037] In this embodiment, the distance between the line connecting the first hinge point A and the transition point B is less than the distance between the line connecting the second hinge point C and the transition point B. When the drive device 43 operates, the drive rod extends to the second hinge point C to provide a thrust. At this time, the brake arm 41 at this end is away from the slewing bearing 50. According to the lever principle, the normal force generated at the first hinge point A on the outer ring of the slewing bearing 50 is greater than the thrust at the second hinge point C. The distance between the first hinge point A, the transition point B, and the second hinge point C is set so that the drive device 43 can generate a large normal force on the slewing bearing 50 with a relatively small force.

[0038] In this embodiment, there are two braking mechanisms 40, which are rotationally symmetrically distributed about the center line of the slewing bearing 50. The symmetrical braking mechanisms 40 work simultaneously to clamp the slewing bearing 50, providing more friction for better braking. Of course, those skilled in the art can also set different numbers of braking mechanisms according to actual conditions, such as 3, 4, 5, etc., and this is not a unique limitation.

[0039] It is understandable that the two braking mechanisms 40 can be arranged in an axisymmetric distribution (non-central symmetry); the two braking mechanisms 40 can also be distributed asymmetrically. When there are more than two braking mechanisms 40, the multiple braking mechanisms 40 can be arranged in a ring array around the outer ring of the slewing bearing 50, or they can be arranged randomly.

[0040] The present invention also provides a rotary drilling rig, including the braking mechanism as described above.

[0041] The braking process of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention:

[0042] S1, during the drilling process of the rotary drilling rig, the control oil circuit does not act on the rotary reducer 30, the output shaft of the rotary reducer 30 remains stationary, the braking mechanism 40 locks the slewing bearing 50, so that the upper assembly 10 is locked.

[0043] S2, when the drill bit filled with soil is raised above the ground, turn on the slewing button of the upper assembly 10, the oil circuit supplies oil to the slewing reducer 30, the oil pressure drives the slewing reducer 30 to move, at this time the motor of the slewing reducer 30 rotates, thereby driving the slewing bearing 50 to rotate with the upper assembly 10. During rotation, the braking mechanism 40 does not make frictional contact with the slewing bearing 50.

[0044] S3, when the rotation is turned to the required position, turn off the rotation button and control the oil pressure of the oil circuit to cut off. The motor of the rotation reducer 30 does not rotate. At this time, press the brake button, and the oil circuit supplies oil to the drive device 43 to make it work. The drive component of the drive device 43 extends and pushes the end of the brake arm 41 located at the second hinge point away from the slewing bearing 50. The end of the brake arm 41 located at the first hinge point approaches the slewing bearing 50, thereby driving the brake component 42 to approach the slewing bearing 50. The friction plate 422 of the brake component 42 rubs against the slewing bearing 50 to generate braking, thereby braking the upper assembly 10.

[0045] S4. After unloading the soil, to return the drill rod to the original hole position, simply repeat step S2 above. At this time, the rotation direction of the drive motor is reversed.

[0046] In this document, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of these terms based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] In this document, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used for the clarity of expressing the technical solution and for the convenience of description, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0048] In this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.

[0049] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A braking mechanism suitable for a rotary drilling rig, the rotary drilling rig comprising an upper carriage assembly (10), an lower carriage assembly (20), and a slewing reducer (30), wherein the upper carriage assembly (10) and the lower carriage assembly (20) are rotatably connected relative to each other via a slewing bearing (50), and the output shaft of the slewing reducer (30) meshes with the slewing bearing (50) for transmission, characterized in that, The braking mechanism (40) is used to lock the slewing bearing (50), and the braking mechanism (40) can approach and rub against the slewing bearing (50) to achieve braking; The braking mechanism (40) includes a brake arm (41), a brake element (42), and a drive device (43). The brake arm (41) has a transition point that is rotatably connected to the lower vehicle assembly (20). The brake arm (41) has a first hinge point that is hinged to the brake element (42) and a second hinge point that is hinged to the drive device (43). The brake arm (41) includes a first part (411) and a second part (412) connected in sequence. The transition point is located at the connection between the first part (411) and the second part (412). The first hinge point is located on the first part (411) away from the drive device (43). At one end of the contact point, the second hinge point is located at the end of the second part (412) away from the transition point. The length direction of the first part (411) and the length direction of the second part (412) form an angle of 60°~160°. The drive device (43) is fixedly connected to the lower vehicle assembly (20). The drive device (43) can drive the brake arm (41) to rotate around the transition point to approach or move away from the slewing bearing (50), thereby driving the brake (42) to move away from or approach the slewing bearing (50), realizing the switching of the rotary drilling rig between the unlocked state and the braking state. In the braking state, the brake element (42) is close to the slewing bearing (50) and rubs against the slewing bearing (50); in the unlocked state, the brake element (42) is away from the slewing bearing (50).

2. The braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first hinge point and the slewing bearing (50) is less than the distance between the transition point and the slewing bearing (50).

3. The braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The braking component (42) includes a brake shoe (421) and a friction plate (422). The friction plate (422) is fixedly connected to the brake shoe (421). The brake shoe (421) is hinged to the first part (411) at the first hinge point. In the braking state, the friction plate (422) approaches the slewing bearing (50) and rubs against the slewing bearing (50).

4. The braking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The friction plate (422) is in surface contact with the slewing bearing (50), and the surface of the friction plate (422) on the side near the slewing bearing (50) is adapted to the outer contour of the slewing bearing (50).

5. The braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first hinge point and the transition point is less than the distance between the second hinge point and the transition point.

6. The braking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive device (43) is a hydraulic cylinder.

7. The braking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, There are two braking mechanisms (40), and the two braking mechanisms (40) are rotate symmetrically distributed with the center line of the slewing bearing (50) as the axis of symmetry.

8. A rotary drilling rig, characterized in that, Includes the braking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images