Method, apparatus, and electric device for initializing battery state of charge

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for initializing battery state of charge and an electric device, and relates to the technical field of battery management. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the current power-on current, the highest single cell voltage, the lowest single cell voltage, the hibernation time, and the maximum state of charge value and the minimum state of charge value stored when the last power-off; and initializing the current state of charge initial information according to the current power-on current, the highest single cell voltage, the lowest single cell voltage, the hibernation time, the maximum state of charge value and the minimum state of charge value. The application can not only improve the estimation accuracy of the initial value of the battery state of charge, but also prevent the battery from overcharging and overdischarging, prolong the service life of the battery, and improve the reliability and stability of the whole battery management system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, and electric device for initializing the state of charge of a battery. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicles have emerged due to their advantages such as energy conservation, environmental friendliness, and low noise, becoming a new type of transportation that can replace traditional fuel vehicles. Power battery technology is a crucial technology directly related to the development prospects of new energy electric vehicles, requiring continuous breakthroughs. Currently, lithium-ion batteries, with their high specific energy and specific power, and lack of significant memory effect, have rapidly become a good choice for power sources and are widely used in the field of electric vehicle batteries, achieving broad development prospects.

[0003] Batteries (such as lithium iron phosphate batteries) have stringent requirements for operating conditions; voltage, current, and temperature must all be within specified ranges, and they also present numerous challenges in terms of stability and safety. During use, a Battery Management System (BMS) is needed to scientifically manage the battery, maximizing its performance and improving its lifespan and efficiency. As the most crucial parameter in the BMS, the State of Charge (SOC) directly reflects the battery's remaining charge. The accuracy of its estimation affects the BMS's control and balancing strategies, thus impacting battery performance. Furthermore, only accurate SOC estimation can ensure that it remains within a reasonable range, preventing irreversible damage from overcharging and over-discharging, and extending battery life. The initial SOC calculation directly affects the online SOC calculation, making its accuracy paramount. However, existing methods for estimating the initial SOC are overly simplistic, with significant errors and low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and electric device for initializing the state of charge of a battery, aiming to solve the problem of low accuracy in estimating the initial value of the battery state of charge in existing methods.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for initializing the state of charge of a battery, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the current power-on current, highest single-cell voltage, lowest single-cell voltage, sleep time, and the maximum and minimum state of charge values ​​stored at the last power-off time;

[0007] The initial information of the current state of charge is initialized based on the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge value, and the minimum state of charge value.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an apparatus for initializing the state of charge of a battery, comprising a control unit for performing the method described in the first aspect above.

[0009] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electric device, which includes the apparatus described in the second aspect above.

[0010] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and electrical device for initializing the state of charge (SOC) of a battery. The method includes: acquiring the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, and the maximum and minimum SOC values ​​stored at the last power-off time; and initializing the current SOC information based on the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum SOC value, and the minimum SOC value. This invention's solution, by initializing the current SOC information using multiple parameters such as the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum SOC value, and the minimum SOC value, not only improves the accuracy of initial SOC estimation but also prevents overcharging and over-discharging, extends battery life, and improves the reliability and stability of the entire battery management system. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for initializing the state of charge of a battery, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of a device for initializing the state of charge of a battery, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-process of a method for initializing the state of charge of a battery, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4OCV-SOC curves at different temperatures provided for embodiments of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-process of a method for initializing the state of charge of a battery, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-process of a method for initializing the state of charge of a battery, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 A simplified flowchart of a method for initializing the state of charge of a battery, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of an electric device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0022] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0023] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0024] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrases "if determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "once determined," "in response to determination," "once [described condition or event] is detected," or "in response to detection of [described condition or event]."

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for initializing the state of charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for initializing the state of charge of a battery will be described in detail below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S110-S120.

[0026] S110: Obtain the current power-on, highest single-cell voltage, lowest single-cell voltage, sleep time, and the maximum and minimum state of charge values ​​stored at the last power-off.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the method for initializing the state of charge of a battery is applied to a control unit in a device for initializing the state of charge of a battery. The device for initializing the state of charge of a battery further includes a storage unit, an RTC (Real Time Clock) unit, and a battery status monitoring unit connected to the control unit. The storage unit is used to store the maximum and minimum state of charge values ​​stored at the time of the last power-off. The RTC unit is used to calculate the sleep time. The battery status monitoring unit is used to monitor the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, and the lowest single-cell voltage.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the battery state of charge initialization device can be divided into three parts: an acquisition module, an output module, and an initialization module. Specifically, the control unit includes the acquisition module, the output module, and the initialization module. The acquisition module acquires the required input information, specifically including the maximum and minimum state of charge values ​​stored at the last power-off, the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, and the sleep time, where the sleep time is the time interval between the last power-off and the current power-on. The initialization module integrates and logically judges the input information, assigning or calculating values ​​according to different judgment conditions to obtain the output information. The output module outputs the required information, specifically including the initial value of the current maximum state of charge, the initial value of the current minimum state of charge, and the open-circuit voltage flag. It should also be noted that in this embodiment, the battery state monitoring unit can also monitor the battery temperature, typically monitoring the highest and lowest battery temperatures.

[0029] In this embodiment, an electric device is also included, which includes means for initializing the state of charge of the battery.

[0030] For the sake of simplicity, the maximum state of charge value will be referred to as the maximum SOC, the minimum state of charge value as the minimum SOC, the initial value of the current maximum state of charge as the initial value of the maximum SOC, the initial value of the current minimum state of charge as the initial value of the minimum SOC, and the open circuit voltage flag as the OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) flag.

[0031] S120. Initialize the initial information of the current state of charge based on the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge value, and the minimum state of charge value.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the initial state of charge information includes the initial maximum state of charge, the initial minimum state of charge, and the open-circuit voltage flag. That is, the initial state of charge information includes the initial maximum SOC, the initial minimum SOC, and the OCV flag. The initial maximum state of charge / initial minimum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag are initialized based on the current power-on current, the highest / lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge, and the minimum state of charge.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, step S120 may include steps S121-S123.

[0034] S121. If the sleep time is greater than the preset sleep time and the absolute value of the current power-on current is less than the preset power-on current, then the highest battery temperature is obtained as the current temperature, and the lower boundary value, upper boundary value and plateau region boundary value of the open circuit voltage are obtained from the preset OCV-SOC curve based on the current temperature.

[0035] S122. Initialize the current maximum state of charge initial value / the current minimum state of charge initial value and the open circuit voltage flag bit according to the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the platform area boundary value, the maximum state of charge value and the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage;

[0036] S123. If the sleep time is not greater than the preset sleep time or the absolute value of the current power-on current is not less than the preset power-on current, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge / the initial value of the current minimum state of charge and the open circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, the minimum state of charge value and the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, it is determined whether the sleep time is greater than a preset sleep time, wherein the preset sleep time is 1 hour; if the sleep time is greater than the preset sleep time, it is determined whether the absolute value of the current power-on current is less than a preset power-on current, wherein the preset power-on current is 1A; if the absolute value of the current power-on current is less than the preset power-on current, the highest battery temperature is obtained as the current temperature, and the lower boundary value, upper boundary value, and plateau region boundary value of the open-circuit voltage are obtained from the preset OCV-SOC curve based on the current temperature, wherein the preset OCV-SOC curve is a curve pre-stored in the initialization module, specifically as follows: Figure 4 As shown, in Figure 4where the OCV-SOC curves at current temperatures of 0°C, 20°C and 40°C are presented. More specifically, if the current temperature is 40°C and the OCV is 3.20V, the SOC can be derived as 20% according to the OCV-SOC curve. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the electromotive force refers to the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes when the inside of the battery reaches thermodynamic equilibrium, which is one of the main metrics for the electric energy outputtable by the battery. The open circuit voltage refers to the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery when no current flows through the external circuit or the resistance of the external circuit tends to infinity. Since for the battery (lithium iron phosphate battery), the internal polarization phenomenon of the battery is not completely eliminated when thermodynamic equilibrium is not reached, the open circuit voltage is generally not directly equal to the electromotive force. For the battery, there is a certain corresponding relationship between the electromotive force and the state of charge. However, since the electromotive force is difficult to measure directly, the open circuit voltage measured when the battery is in a steady state is generally used for approximation. At a certain temperature, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the SOC of the battery and the open circuit voltage OCV, which is Figure 4 the OCV-SOC curve in Figure 4 It can be seen from the above that in the middle interval of SOC, for example, within 25%<SOC<80%, the OCV of the battery changes very little, and the battery is in the plateau region; while in the two end intervals of SOC, SOC<25% and 80%<SOC<100%, the change rate of OCV is relatively large, and the battery is in the non-plateau region; the entire OCV-SOC curve of the battery shows a trend that the middle area is flat and the two head and tail ends are steep. It is understandable that the value of the plateau region is determined according to the actual situation, for example, it can also be set as 30%<SOC<95%, and at this time, the value of the non-plateau region is SOC<30% and 95%<SOC<100%.

[0038] In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 , the step S122 may include steps S1221 to S1223.

[0039] S1221: If the maximum cell voltage / the minimum cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value, set the current maximum initial state of charge / the current minimum initial state of charge to a preset lower boundary value, and set the open circuit voltage flag bit to a first preset flag bit value;

[0040] S1222: If the maximum cell voltage / the minimum cell voltage is greater than the upper boundary value, set the current maximum initial state of charge / the current minimum initial state of charge to a preset upper boundary value, and set the open circuit voltage flag bit to a second preset flag bit value;

[0041] S1223. If the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value and not greater than the upper boundary value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge / the initial value of the current minimum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage, the plateau region boundary value and the maximum state of charge value.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the platform region boundary values ​​include the upper boundary value and the lower boundary value of the platform region. At a current temperature of 40°C, from... Figure 4 The lower boundary value is 2.86V, the upper boundary value is 3.52V, the lower boundary value of the plateau region is 3.23V, and the upper boundary value of the plateau region is 3.35V. If the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage is 2.5V, and 2.5V is less than 2.86V, then the ratio of the maximum initial SOC value to the minimum initial SOC value is set to the preset lower boundary value, and the OCV flag is set to the first preset flag value, wherein the preset lower boundary value is 0% and the first preset flag is 1. If the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage is 3.6V, and 3.6V is greater than 3.52V, then the ratio of the maximum initial SOC value to the minimum initial SOC value is set to the preset upper boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value, wherein the preset upper boundary value is 100% and the second preset flag is 0.

[0043] Further, step S1223 may specifically include: if the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value of the plateau region or greater than the upper boundary value of the plateau region, then obtain the state of charge value corresponding to the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage from the preset OCV-SOC curve, and set the initial value of the current maximum state of charge / the initial value of the current minimum state of charge as the state of charge value, and set the open-circuit voltage flag bit to the first preset flag bit value; if the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value of the plateau region and not greater than the upper boundary value of the plateau region, then set the initial value of the current maximum state of charge / the initial value of the current minimum state of charge as the maximum state of charge value, and set the open-circuit voltage flag bit to the second preset flag bit value. For ease of understanding, an example is given below: if the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage is 3.2V, and 3.2V is less than 3.23V, then from... Figure 4 As can be seen from the data, the state of charge (SOC) value corresponding to 3.2V is 18%. Therefore, the initial maximum SOC / minimum SOC value is set to 18%, and the OCV flag is set to 1. If the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage is 3.4V, and 3.4V is greater than 3.35V, then... Figure 4As can be seen, the state of charge value corresponding to 3.4V is 90%. The initial value of maximum SOC / minimum SOC is set to 90%, and the OCV flag is set to 1. If the highest single-cell voltage / lowest single-cell voltage is 3.3V at this time, which is between 3.23V and 3.35V, then the initial value of maximum SOC / minimum SOC is set to the maximum SOC, and the OCV flag is set to 0.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, step S123 may include steps S1231-S1232.

[0045] S1231. If the maximum state of charge value is not less than the first preset state of charge value or the minimum state of charge value is not less than the second preset state of charge value, then the step of setting the current maximum state of charge initial value / the current minimum state of charge initial value to the maximum state of charge value and setting the open circuit voltage flag bit to the second preset flag bit value is executed.

[0046] S1232. If the maximum state of charge value is less than the first preset state of charge value and the minimum state of charge value is less than the second preset state of charge value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge / the initial value of the current minimum state of charge and the open circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value and the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, the first preset state of charge (SOC) value is 0.01, which is 1%, and the second preset SOC value is also 0.01, which is 1%. Understandably, the first preset SOC value and the second preset SOC value are equal. If the maximum SOC value is not less than the first preset SOC value or the minimum SOC value is not less than the second preset SOC value, then the maximum initial SOC value / minimum initial SOC value is set to the maximum SOC, and the OCV flag is set to 0.

[0048] Further, step S1232 includes: if the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value, then the current maximum state of charge initial value / the current minimum state of charge initial value is set to the preset lower boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value; if the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage is greater than the upper boundary value, then the current maximum state of charge initial value / the current minimum state of charge initial value is set to the preset upper boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value; if the highest single-cell voltage / the lowest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value and not greater than the upper boundary value, then the step of setting the current maximum state of charge initial value / the current minimum state of charge initial value to the state of charge value and setting the open-circuit voltage flag to the first preset flag value is performed. For ease of understanding, the following examples illustrate this: If the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage is 2.7V, and 2.7V is less than 2.86V, then the ratio of the maximum initial SOC to the minimum initial SOC is set to 0%, and the OCV flag is set to 0. If the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage is 3.6V, and 3.6V is greater than 3.52V, then the ratio of the maximum initial SOC to the minimum initial SOC is set to 100%, and the OCV flag is set to 0. If the ratio of the highest single-cell voltage to the lowest single-cell voltage is 3.3V, and the state of charge corresponding to 3.3V is 50%, and 3.3V is between 2.86V and 3.52V, then the ratio of the maximum initial SOC to the minimum initial SOC is set to 50%, and the OCV flag is set to 1.

[0049] Figure 7This is a simplified flowchart of a method for initializing the state of charge (SOC) of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. After the battery is powered on, the system first determines the SOC based on the sleep time and the current power-on current. If the sleep time is greater than 1 hour and the absolute value of the current power-on current is less than 1A, then the system further determines the position of the OCV (Optical Characteristic Value) where the highest / lowest cell voltage is located: If the OCV is below the lower boundary of the OCV (i.e., the OCV corresponding to 0% SOC on the OCV-SOC curve), the initial maximum / minimum SOC value is set to 0%, and the OCV flag is set to 1; if the OCV is above the upper boundary of the OCV (i.e., the OCV corresponding to 100% SOC on the OCV-SOC curve), the system further determines the position of the OCV: When the initial value of SOC corresponds to the initial value of OCV, the maximum initial value of SOC / minimum initial value is assigned to 100%, and the OCV flag is set to 0; if the position of OCV is in the non-plateau region of the OCV-SOC curve (i.e., the OCV interval corresponding to 0-25% SOC and 80%-100% SOC on the OCV-SOC curve), the maximum initial value of SOC / minimum initial value is interpolated according to the SOC-OCV curve, and the OCV flag is set to 1; if the position of OCV is in the plateau region of the OCV-SOC curve (i.e., the OCV interval corresponding to 30-95% SOC on the OCV-SOC curve), the maximum initial value of SOC / minimum initial value is interpolated according to the SOC-OCV curve, and the OCV flag is set to 1; When the SOC corresponds to the OCV range, the initial maximum SOC value / initial minimum SOC value is assigned to the maximum SOC, and the OCV flag is set to 0. If the sleep time is ≤1h and the absolute value of the current power-on current is ≥1A, the maximum and minimum SOC values ​​stored at the last power-off are used for judgment. If the stored maximum SOC <0.01 and the stored minimum SOC <0.01, it indicates that the stored value is invalid. Further judgment is made on the position of the OCV where the highest / lowest single-cell voltage is located: if the position of the OCV is lower than the lower boundary of the OCV (i.e., the OCV corresponding to 0% SOC on the OCV-SOC curve), the initial maximum SOC value / initial minimum SOC value is assigned to 0%, and the OCV flag is set to 0; if the position of the OCV is higher than the upper boundary of the OCV (i.e., the OCV corresponding to 100% SOC on the OCV-SOC curve), the maximum / minimum initial SOC value is assigned to 0%, and the OCV flag is set to 0. When the SOC corresponds to the OCV, the initial value of the maximum SOC is assigned to 100% and the initial value of the minimum SOC is set to 0; if the position of the OCV is within the upper and lower boundaries of the OCV-SOC curve, the initial value of the maximum SOC is interpolated according to the SOC-OCV curve and the OCV flag is set to 1; if the stored maximum SOC is ≥ 0.01 and the stored minimum SOC is ≥ 0.01, the initial value of the maximum SOC is assigned to the maximum SOC and the initial value of the minimum SOC is set to the maximum SOC and the OCV flag is set to 0.It should be noted that in this implementation, the initial information of the current state of charge is initialized using the above initialization method based on multiple parameters such as the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the dormancy time, the maximum state of charge value, and the minimum state of charge value. This not only improves the accuracy of the initial state of charge value estimation, but also prevents the battery from being overcharged or over-discharged, extends the battery life, and improves the reliability and stability of the entire battery management system.

[0050] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of an electric device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The electric device 300 is a device for initializing the state of charge of a battery.

[0051] See Figure 8 The electric device 300 includes a processor 302, a memory, and a network interface 305 connected via a system bus 301. The memory may include a non-volatile storage medium 303 and internal memory 304.

[0052] The non-volatile storage medium 303 may store an operating system 3031 and a computer program 3032. When the computer program 3032 is executed, it causes the processor 302 to perform a method for initializing the battery state of charge.

[0053] The processor 302 provides computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire electric device 300.

[0054] The internal memory 304 provides an environment for the execution of the computer program 3032 in the non-volatile storage medium 303. When the computer program 3032 is executed by the processor 302, the processor 302 can execute a method for initializing the state of charge of the battery.

[0055] This network interface 305 is used for network communication with other devices. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 8 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the electric device 300 to which the present invention is applied. The specific electric device 300 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0056] The processor 302 is used to run a computer program 3032 stored in a memory to implement any embodiment of the method described above for initializing the state of charge of a battery.

[0057] It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the invention, the processor 302 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0058] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program may be stored in a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the process steps of the embodiments of the above methods.

[0059] Therefore, the present invention also provides a storage medium. This storage medium may be a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program causes the processor to perform any of the embodiments of the method described above for initializing the state of charge of a battery.

[0060] The storage medium can be any computer-readable storage medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0062] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is merely a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0063] The steps in the method of this invention can be adjusted, merged, or reduced in order according to actual needs. The units in the device of this invention can be merged, divided, or reduced according to actual needs. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0064] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause an electric device to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0066] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Since these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0067] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for initializing the state of charge of a battery, characterized in that, include: Obtain the current power-on current, highest single-cell voltage, lowest single-cell voltage, sleep time, and the maximum and minimum state of charge values ​​stored at the last power-off time; The initial information of the current state of charge is initialized based on the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge value, and the minimum state of charge value; The initial state of charge information includes the initial maximum state of charge, the initial minimum state of charge, and an open-circuit voltage flag. Initializing the initial state of charge information based on the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge, and the minimum state of charge includes: The initial value of the maximum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag are initialized based on the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge value, and the minimum state of charge value. The initial value of the minimum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag are initialized based on the current power-on current, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge value, and the minimum state of charge value. The initialization of the current maximum state of charge (MPC) value and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge (MPC) value, and the minimum MPC value includes: If the sleep time is greater than the preset sleep time and the absolute value of the current power-on current is less than the preset power-on current, then the highest battery temperature is obtained as the current temperature, and the lower boundary value, upper boundary value and plateau region boundary value of the open circuit voltage are obtained from the preset OCV-SOC curve based on the current temperature. The initial value of the current maximum state of charge and the open circuit voltage flag are initialized based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the platform area boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, and the highest single-cell voltage. If the sleep time is not greater than the preset sleep time or the absolute value of the current power-on current is not less than the preset power-on current, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge and the open circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, the minimum state of charge value and the highest single-cell voltage. The step of initializing the initial value of the minimum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the current power-on current, the lowest single-cell voltage, the sleep time, the maximum state of charge value, and the minimum state of charge value includes: If the sleep time is greater than the preset sleep time and the absolute value of the current power-on current is less than the preset power-on current, then the highest battery temperature is obtained as the current temperature, and the lower boundary value, upper boundary value and plateau region boundary value of the open circuit voltage are obtained from the preset OCV-SOC curve based on the current temperature. The initial value of the minimum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag are initialized based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the platform area boundary value, and the lowest unit voltage. If the sleep time is not greater than the preset sleep time or the absolute value of the current power-on current is not less than the preset power-on current, then the initial value of the current minimum state of charge and the open circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, the minimum state of charge value, and the lowest single-cell voltage.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initialization of the current maximum state of charge initial value and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the platform region boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, and the highest single-cell voltage includes: If the highest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge is set to the preset lower boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the first preset flag value. If the highest single-cell voltage is greater than the upper boundary value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge is set to the preset upper boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value. If the highest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value and not greater than the upper boundary value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the highest single-cell voltage, the plateau region boundary value and the maximum state of charge value. The step of initializing the initial value of the current minimum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the plateau region boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, and the lowest individual cell voltage includes: If the lowest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value, then the initial value of the current minimum state of charge is set to the preset lower boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the first preset flag value. If the lowest single-cell voltage is greater than the upper boundary value, then the initial value of the current minimum state of charge is set to the preset upper boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value; If the lowest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value and not greater than the upper boundary value, then the initial value of the current minimum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag are initialized based on the lowest single-cell voltage, the plateau region boundary value, and the maximum state of charge value.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plateau region boundary values ​​include the upper and lower boundary values ​​of the plateau region. Initializing the initial value of the current maximum state of charge and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the highest single-cell voltage, the plateau region boundary values, and the maximum state of charge value includes: If the highest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value of the plateau region or greater than the upper boundary value of the plateau region, then the state of charge value corresponding to the highest single-cell voltage is obtained from the preset OCV-SOC curve, and the initial value of the current maximum state of charge is set as the state of charge value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set as the first preset flag value. If the highest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value of the plateau region and not greater than the upper boundary value of the plateau region, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge is set to the maximum state of charge value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value. The initialization of the current minimum state of charge initial value and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the minimum single-cell voltage, the plateau region boundary value, and the maximum state of charge value includes: If the lowest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value of the plateau region or greater than the upper boundary value of the plateau region, then the state of charge value corresponding to the lowest single-cell voltage is obtained from the preset OCV-SOC curve, and the initial value of the current minimum state of charge is set as the state of charge value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set as the first preset flag value. If the lowest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value of the plateau region and not greater than the upper boundary value of the plateau region, then the initial value of the minimum state of charge is set to the maximum state of charge value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The initialization of the current maximum state of charge initial value and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, the minimum state of charge value, and the highest single-cell voltage includes: If the maximum state of charge value is not less than the first preset state of charge value or the minimum state of charge value is not less than the second preset state of charge value, then the steps of setting the initial value of the current maximum state of charge to the maximum state of charge value and setting the open circuit voltage flag bit to the second preset flag bit value are executed. If the maximum state of charge value is less than the first preset state of charge value and the minimum state of charge value is less than the second preset state of charge value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge and the open circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value and the highest single-cell voltage. The initialization of the current minimum state of charge initial value and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, the maximum state of charge value, the minimum state of charge value, and the lowest single-cell voltage includes: If the maximum state of charge value is not less than the first preset state of charge value or the minimum state of charge value is not less than the second preset state of charge value, then the steps of setting the initial value of the current minimum state of charge to the maximum state of charge value and setting the open circuit voltage flag bit to the second preset flag bit value are executed. If the maximum state of charge value is less than the first preset state of charge value and the minimum state of charge value is less than the second preset state of charge value, then the initial value of the current minimum state of charge and the open circuit voltage flag are initialized according to the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value and the lowest single-cell voltage.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initialization of the current maximum state of charge initial value and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, and the highest single-cell voltage includes: If the highest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge is set to the preset lower boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value. If the highest single-cell voltage is greater than the upper boundary value, then the initial value of the current maximum state of charge is set to the preset upper boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value; If the highest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value and not greater than the upper boundary value, then the steps of setting the initial value of the current maximum state of charge to the state of charge value and setting the open-circuit voltage flag to the first preset flag value are executed. The initialization of the current minimum state of charge initial value and the open-circuit voltage flag based on the lower boundary value, the upper boundary value, and the lowest single-cell voltage includes: If the lowest single-cell voltage is less than the lower boundary value, then the initial value of the current minimum state of charge is set to the preset lower boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value. If the lowest single-cell voltage is greater than the upper boundary value, then the initial value of the current minimum state of charge is set to the preset upper boundary value, and the open-circuit voltage flag is set to the second preset flag value; If the lowest single-cell voltage is not less than the lower boundary value and not greater than the upper boundary value, then the steps of setting the initial value of the current minimum state of charge to the state of charge value and setting the open-circuit voltage flag to the first preset flag value are executed.

6. An apparatus for initializing the state of charge of a battery, characterized in that, It includes a control unit for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device further includes a storage unit, an RTC unit, and a battery status monitoring unit connected to the control unit. The storage unit is used to store the maximum and minimum state of charge values ​​stored at the time of the last power-off. The RTC unit is used to calculate the sleep time. The battery status monitoring unit is used to monitor the current power-on current, the highest single-cell voltage, and the lowest single-cell voltage.

8. An electric device, characterized in that, Includes the means for initializing the state of charge of a battery as described in claim 7.

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