flange

Abstract

This invention provides a flange capable of suppressing damage caused by stress concentration. One aspect of the flange is an annular flange having corners and edges, comprising: a first flange member having a corner forming portion forming the corner; and a second flange member having an edge forming portion forming the edge and engaging with the first flange member. The corner forming portion comprises: an arcuate surface having a predetermined radius of curvature and forming an inner circumferential surface of the corner; and an extension extending away from an end portion of the arcuate surface and engaging with the edge forming portion. The engagement between the extension and the edge forming portion is separated from the end portion of the arcuate surface by a distance determined based on the radius of curvature and the width of the edge forming portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a flange. Background Technology

[0002] In marine diesel engines installed on ships, various pipes through which fluids such as combustion gases flow are provided with flanges for connecting to devices such as coolers that handle the fluid, or other pipes. Typically, the flange is formed as a ring surrounding the flow path of the fluid and is located at the peripheral end of the pipe. This flange is connected to other flanges located at the open end of the device or the peripheral end of the pipe by fastening components such as bolts. This allows these devices to connect to the pipes, or the pipes to connect to each other.

[0003] As an example of the flange described above, flanges have historically been formed by joining multiple plate-shaped components in a ring. For example, such as Figure 8A As shown, the existing flange 201 is composed of four plate-shaped components 202 to 205. A rectangular ring is formed by joining the end faces of plate-shaped components 202 and 204 with the end sides of plate-shaped components 203 and 205. Additionally, as... Figure 8B As shown, the existing flange 211 is composed of four plate-shaped components 212 to 215, which are joined together to form a rectangular ring by joining the end faces of the plate-shaped components 212 and 214 with the end faces of the plate-shaped components 213 and 215. The plate-shaped components of these existing flanges 201 and 211 are joined together, for example, by welding (see Patent Document 1).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-323170

[0007] The technical problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] Typically, in pipe flanges, the pressure of the fluid flowing inside the pipe is applied from the inner circumferential surface of the flange, thereby causing stress concentration at the corners of the flange (especially the corners of the inner circumferential surface). As illustrated by the aforementioned conventional flanges 201 and 211, in flanges formed by joining multiple plate-like components together, the stress concentration point of the flange is located at the joint between the plate-like components (e.g., ...). Figure 8A , 8B (See joints 206 and 216). Therefore, the joints between these plate-like components are subject to stress concentration, potentially leading to flange failure. The flange problems described above are particularly pronounced in flanges of pipes supplying high-pressure fluids, such as combustion gases in marine diesel engines. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a flange capable of suppressing damage caused by stress concentration.

[0010] Technical means for solving technical problems

[0011] To solve the aforementioned technical problems and achieve the objective, the flange of the present invention is an annular flange having a corner and an edge, comprising a first flange component having a corner forming portion forming the corner; and a second flange component having an edge forming portion forming the edge and engaging with the first flange component. The corner forming portion comprises: an arcuate surface having a predetermined radius of curvature and forming an inner circumferential surface of the corner; and an extension extending in a direction away from the end of the arcuate surface and engaging with the edge forming portion. The engagement portion of the extension and the edge forming portion is separated from the end of the arcuate surface by a distance set based on the radius of curvature and the width of the edge forming portion.

[0012] Furthermore, in the flange of the present invention, the separation distance decreases as the radius of curvature increases, and increases as the radius of curvature decreases.

[0013] Furthermore, the flange of the present invention, as described above, also includes an insertion hole for inserting a fastening component, and the joint of the extension and the edge forming portion is located at a position offset from the insertion hole.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-described invention, the flange of the present invention comprises multiple first flange components and multiple second flange components.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above-described invention, the first flange component of the flange of the present invention also includes the edge forming portion integrally formed with the corner forming portion.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above-described invention, the flange of the present invention is located at the peripheral end of a pipe through which combustion gases for a marine diesel engine flow.

[0017] Invention Effects

[0018] According to the present invention, the effect of suppressing flange damage caused by stress concentration is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a structural example of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of plate-shaped components constituting an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the joint positions of the plurality of plate-shaped components forming a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a method for cutting multiple flange components that constitute an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the cutting method for cutting an integral flange from a material plate.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application example of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a modified example of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8A This is a schematic diagram showing the first example of an existing flange.

[0027] Figure 8B This is a schematic diagram showing a second example of an existing flange.

[0028] Explanation of symbols

[0029] 1. 1A flange

[0030] 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3A, 3B First flange components

[0031] 4, 4A, 5, 5A Second Flange Components

[0032] 6 connecting holes

[0033] 8 and 9 material boards

[0034] 8a, 9a outer side

[0035] 8b, 9b inner side

[0036] 10 Integrated Flange

[0037] Joints 11, 12, 13, and 14

[0038] 21, 22, 31, 32 angular forming parts

[0039] 23, 33 forming part

[0040] 24, 27, 34, 37 angles form the main body

[0041] Ends of 24a, 24b, 27a, 27b, 34a, 34b, 37a, 37b

[0042] Extensions 25, 25A, 28, 28A, 35, 35A, 38, 38A

[0043] 25a, 28a, 35a, 38a extension ends

[0044] 26, 29, 36, 39 arc surfaces

[0045] The arc ends of 26a, 26b, 29a, 29b, 36a, 36b, 39a, and 39b

[0046] 41, 51 edge forming part

[0047] End points of 41a, 41b, 51a, and 51b

[0048] 100 marine diesel engines

[0049] 101 turbocharger

[0050] 102 Air Cooler

[0051] 103 Air Duct

[0052] 105 flow path

[0053] Existing flanges 201 and 211

[0054] Plate-shaped components 202, 203, 204, 205, 212, 213, 214, 215

[0055] 206, 216 joint

[0056] C-center axis

[0057] Positions P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the flange of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the drawings are schematic and may differ from actual structures in terms of dimensional relationships and proportions. There may also be differences in dimensional relationships and proportions between the drawings themselves. Moreover, the same symbols are used to denote the same structural parts in each drawing.

[0059] (Flange structure)

[0060] First, the structure of the flange according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a structural example of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of plate-shaped components constituting an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It shows that Figure 1 The flange shown is divided according to the plate-like component. Flange 1 in this embodiment of the invention is an annular flange having corners and edges, for example... Figure 1 As shown, the structure is rectangular (square in this embodiment) when viewed from above along the central axis C. Furthermore, the central axis C is the central axis of the pipe (not shown) with flange 1. Figure 1 As shown, the flow path 105 formed by the pipe is surrounded by the inside of the flange 1. The flange 1, as described above, has multiple plate-like components, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it has two first flange components 2 and 3 and two second flange components 4 and 5.

[0061] First flange components 2 and 3 are examples of plate-shaped components having corner forming portions that form the corners of flange 1. In this embodiment, first flange components 2 and 3 are formed integrally, for example, a pair of corners of flange 1 and the edge portion between those corners. In the first flange components 2 and 3 as described above, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the first flange component 2 has a pair of corner forming portions 21 and 22 and an edge forming portion 23, and the first flange component 3 has a pair of corner forming portions 31 and 32 and an edge forming portion 33.

[0062] The corner forming portions 21 and 22 are plate-shaped components that form a pair of corner portions of flange 1. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the corner forming portion 21 is formed, for example, one of the four corner portions of the flange 1, which is in the shape of a rectangular ring (in Figure 1 (The middle part is the upper left corner). More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the corner forming part 21 has a corner forming part body 24, an extension part 25, and an arc surface 26.

[0063] The corner forming part body 24 is a portion of the corner forming part 21 that has the same structure as one corner of the flange 1. For example, as Figure 1 As shown, the corner forming part body 24, like the upper left corner of the flange 1, has an outer peripheral surface including the corner (outer corner) and an arc-shaped inner peripheral surface (arc surface 26 described later). Furthermore, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, one of the two ends 24a and 24b of the corner forming part body 24 is located at the arc end of one of the inner peripheral surfaces (arc end 26a of the arc surface 26), and the other end 24b is located at the arc end of the other inner peripheral surface (arc end 26b of the arc surface 26).

[0064] The extension 25 is the portion of the corner-forming portion 21 that extends from the aforementioned corner-forming portion main body 24. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the extension 25 extends seamlessly and integrally with the corner forming part body 24 from one end 24a of the corner forming part body 24 toward the edge forming part 41 of the second flange member 4. Here, the arc-shaped inner circumferential surface of the corner forming part body 24 is the arc surface 26 described later. The extension 25 extends toward the end away from the arc surface 26 ( Figure 1 , 2 The direction of the arc-shaped end 26a shown extends in the direction indicated. For example, this direction is the tangential direction at the arc-shaped end 26a, that is, the direction perpendicular to the end 24a of the corner-forming body 24. Figure 1 As shown, the end of the extension 25 as described above ( Figure 2 The extended end 25a) shown engages with the edge forming portion 41 of the second flange component 4. The extended portion 25 and the edge forming portion 41 together form the edge of the flange 1.

[0065] The arc-shaped surface 26 forms the arc-shaped inner circumferential surface at the corner of the flange 1 in the corner forming portion 21. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the arc surface 26 is an arc-shaped surface with a defined radius of curvature R, corresponding to the inner circumferential surface of the corner forming part body 24. The arc surface 26 forms the inner circumferential surface of the upper left corner of the four corners of the flange 1, corresponding to the aforementioned corner forming part body 24. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, one of the two ends (arc ends 26a and 26b) of the arc surface 26 is the arc end 26a on the side of the extension 25, and is located at the boundary (i.e., end 24a) between the corner forming part body 24 and the extension 25. The other arc end 26b is the arc end 26b on the side of the edge forming part 23, and is located at the boundary (i.e., end 24b) between the corner forming part body 24 and the edge forming part 23.

[0066] And, as Figure 1 As shown, the corner forming part 22 forms one of the four corners of the flange 1. Figure 1 (The middle part is the lower left corner). More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the corner forming portion 22 has a corner forming portion body 27, an extension portion 28, and an arc surface 29. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the corner forming portion 22 is paired with the aforementioned corner forming portion 21. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the corner forming portion 22, as described above, is formed symmetrically with the corner forming portion 21 across the edge forming portion 23 of the first flange component 2.

[0067] That is, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the corner forming part body 27 is formed symmetrically with the corner forming part body 24, separated by the edge forming part 23. The corner forming part body 27, as described above, has, for example, the same outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface (the arc surface 29 described later) as the lower left corner of the flange 1. Furthermore, one end 27a of the corner forming part body 27, 27b, is located at the arc end of one side of the inner peripheral surface (arc end 29a of arc surface 29), and the other end 27b is located at the arc end of the other side of the inner peripheral surface (arc end 29b of arc surface 29).

[0068] And, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the extension 28 is formed symmetrically with the extension 25 extending from the corner forming part body 24, separated by the edge forming part 23. That is, the extension 28 is integrally formed seamlessly with the corner forming part body 27, extending from one end 27a of the corner forming part body 27 toward the edge forming part 51 of the second flange member 5. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the extension 28 extends in a direction away from the end (arc end 29a) of the arc-shaped inner circumferential surface 29 of the corner forming part body 27. For example, this direction is the tangential direction at the arc end 29a, that is, the direction perpendicular to the end 27a of the corner forming part body 27. Figure 1 As shown, the end of the extension 28 as described above ( Figure 2 The extended end 28a) shown engages with the edge forming portion 51 of the second flange component 5. The extended portion 28 and the edge forming portion 51 together form the edge of the flange 1.

[0069] And, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the arc surface 29 is formed symmetrically with the arc surface 26 of the corner forming part body 21, separated by the edge forming part 23. That is, the arc surface 29 is an arc surface with a radius of curvature R corresponding to the inner circumferential surface of the corner forming part body 27. The arc surface 29 forms the inner circumferential surface of the lower left corner of the four corners of the flange 1, corresponding to the lower left corner of the corner forming part body 27. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, one of the two ends (arc ends 29a and 29b) of the arc surface 29 is the arc end 29a on the side of the extension 28, located at the boundary (i.e., end 27a) between the corner forming part body 27 and the extension 28. The other arc end 29b is the arc end 29b on the side of the edge forming part 23, located at the boundary (i.e., end 27b) between the corner forming part body 27 and the edge forming part 23.

[0070] The edge forming part 23 forms the flange 1 with multiple ( Figure 1The middle part is one of the four sides. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the edge forming portion 23 is integrally formed seamlessly with the corner forming portions 21 and 22, positioned between them. Specifically, one end of the edge forming portion 23 coincides with the end 24b of one corner forming portion body 24, and the other end of the edge forming portion 23 coincides with the end 27b of the other corner forming portion body 27. As described above, the edge forming portion 23 forms one of the four edges of the flange 1, specifically a pair of corner portions formed by the aforementioned corner forming portions 21 and 22. Figure 1 The middle section is the edge between the upper left corner and the lower left corner.

[0071] And, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the first flange component 3 has the same structure as the first flange component 2, except that the orientation in which the flange 1 is formed is different from that of the first flange component 2 (for example, it is a direction reversed by 180° around the central axis C).

[0072] In detail, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the first flange component 3 has a pair of corner forming portions 31 and 32 and an edge forming portion 33. The pair of corner forming portions 31 and 32 are structures formed by reversing the corner forming portions 21 and 22 of the first flange component 2 by 180° around the central axis C. That is, the corner forming portion 31 forms a corner portion in the flange 1 that is symmetrical to the corner forming portion 21 (in...). Figure 1 The middle part is the upper right corner). Corner forming part 32 forms the corner of flange 1 in a position symmetrical to corner forming part 22 (in Figure 1 The middle part is the lower right corner.

[0073] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in the pair of corner forming portions 31 and 32 described above, corner forming portion 31 has a corner forming portion body 34, an extension 35, and an arcuate surface 36. The corner forming portion body 34 is the part of corner forming portion 31 that has the same structure as one corner of flange 1. For example, as... Figure 1 As shown, the corner forming part body 34 has the same outer and inner peripheral surfaces (the arc surface 36 described later) as the upper right corner of the flange 1. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, one of the two ends 34a and 34b of the corner forming part body 34 is located at the arc end of one of the inner peripheral surfaces (arc end 36a of arc surface 36), and the other end 34b is located at the arc end of the other inner peripheral surface (arc end 36b of arc surface 36).

[0074] The extension 35 is the portion of the corner-forming portion 31 that extends from the aforementioned corner-forming portion main body 34. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the extension 35 extends from one end 34a of the corner forming part body 34 toward the edge forming part 41 of the second flange member 4, and is integrally formed seamlessly with the corner forming part body 34. That is, the extension 35 extends toward the end of the arc-shaped inner circumferential surface 36 away from the corner forming part body 34. Figure 1 , 2 The direction of the arc-shaped end 36a shown extends in the direction indicated. For example, this direction is the tangential direction at the arc-shaped end 36a, that is, the direction perpendicular to the end 34a of the corner-forming body 34. Figure 1 As shown, the end of the extension 35 as described above ( Figure 2 The extended end 28a) shown engages with the edge forming portion 41 of the second flange component 4. The extended portion 35 and the edge forming portion 41 together form the edge of the flange 1.

[0075] The arc-shaped inner circumferential surface 36 forms the corner of the flange 1 in the corner forming part 31. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the arc surface 36, like the arc surface 29 of the first flange component 2, is an arc surface with a radius of curvature R, corresponding to the inner circumferential surface of the corner forming part body 34. The arc surface 36 forms the inner circumferential surface of the upper right corner of the four corners of the flange 1, corresponding to the upper right corner of the corner forming part body 34. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, one of the two ends (arc ends 36a and 36b) of the arc surface 36 is the arc end 36a on the side of the extension 35, located at the boundary (i.e., end 24a) between the corner forming part body 34 and the extension 35. The other arc end 36b is the arc end 36b on the side of the edge forming part 33, located at the boundary (i.e., end 34b) between the corner forming part body 34 and the edge forming part 33.

[0076] And, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the corner forming portion 32 has a corner forming portion body 37, an extension portion 38, and an arc surface 39. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the corner forming portion 32 is paired with the aforementioned corner forming portion 31. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the corner forming portion 32, as described above, is formed symmetrically with the corner forming portion 31, separated by the edge forming portion 33 in the first flange component 3.

[0077] That is, such as Figure 1 , 2As shown, the corner forming part body 37 is formed symmetrically with the corner forming part body 34, separated by the edge forming part 33. The corner forming part body 37, as described above, has, for example, the same outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface (the arc surface 39 described later) as the lower right corner portion in the flange 1. Furthermore, one end 37a of the corner forming part body 37, 37b, is located at the arc end of one side of the inner peripheral surface (arc end 39a of the arc surface 39), and the other end 37b is located at the arc end of the other side of the inner peripheral surface (arc end 39b of the arc surface 39).

[0078] And, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the extension 38 is formed symmetrically with the extension 35 extending from the corner forming part body 34, separated by the edge forming part 33. That is, the extension 38 is integrally formed seamlessly with the corner forming part body 37, extending from one end 37a of the corner forming part body 37 toward the edge forming part 51 of the second flange member 5. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the extension 38 extends in a direction away from the end (arc end 29a) of the arc-shaped inner peripheral surface 39, i.e., the arc surface 39, of the corner forming part body 37. For example, this direction is the tangential direction at the arc end 39a, i.e., a direction perpendicular to the end 27a of the corner forming part body 37. Figure 1 As shown, the end of the extension 38 as described above ( Figure 2 The extended end 38a) shown engages with the edge forming portion 51 of the second flange component 5. The extended portion 38 and the edge forming portion 51 together form the edge of the flange 1.

[0079] And, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the arc surface 39 is formed symmetrically with the arc surface 36 of the corner forming part body 31, separated by the edge forming part 33. That is, the arc surface 39 is an arc surface with a radius of curvature R corresponding to the inner circumferential surface of the corner forming part body 37. The arc surface 39 forms the inner circumferential surface of the lower right corner of the four corners of the flange 1, corresponding to the lower right corner of the corner forming part body 37. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, one of the two ends (arc ends 39a and 39b) of the arc surface 39 is the arc end 39a on the side of the extension 38, located at the boundary (i.e., end 37a) between the corner forming part body 37 and the extension 38. The other arc end 39b is the arc end 39b on the side of the edge forming part 33, located at the boundary (i.e., end 37b) between the corner forming part body 37 and the edge forming part 33.

[0080] The edge forming portion 33 forms, for example, one of the four edges of the flange 1, at a position symmetrical to the edge forming portion 23 of the first flange component 2. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the edge forming portion 33 is integrally formed seamlessly with the corner forming portions 31 and 32, positioned between them. Specifically, one end of the edge forming portion 33 coincides with the end 34b of one corner forming portion body 34, and the other end of the edge forming portion 33 coincides with the end 37b of the other corner forming portion body 37. As described above, the edge forming portion 33 forms one of the four edges of the flange 1, specifically a pair of corner portions formed by the aforementioned corner forming portions 31 and 32. Figure 1 The middle section is the edge between the upper right corner and the lower right corner.

[0081] Furthermore, the second flange components 4 and 5 are examples of plate-shaped components having edge forming portions that form the edges of the flange 1. In this embodiment, the second flange components 4 and 5, for example, have a straight structure that is identical to each other. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the second flange components 4 and 5 respectively have edge forming body 41 and 51.

[0082] The edge forming portion 41 of the second flange component 4 forms one of the plurality of edges of the flange 1. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the edge forming portion 41 engages with the corner forming portion 21 of the first flange member 2 and the corner forming portion 31 of the first flange member 3 from both sides along its length direction. At this time, the two ends of the edge forming portion 41 along its length direction ( Figure 2 One of the edge ends 41a and 41b shown is joined to the extension 25 of the corner forming portion 21, and the other edge end 41b is joined to the extension 35 of the corner forming portion 31. That is, the joint 11 of the first flange component 2 and the second flange component 4 is the joint of the extension end 25a and the edge end 41a. The joint 12 of the first flange component 3 and the second flange component 4 is the joint of the extension end 35a and the edge end 41a. As described above, the edge forming portion 41 forms one of the four edges of the flange 1, the edge located between a pair of corners formed by the corner forming portions 21 and 31 respectively. Figure 1 The middle part is the upper edge.

[0083] The edge forming portion 51 of the second flange component 5 is formed, for example, one of the four edges of the flange 1, at a position symmetrical to the edge forming portion 41 of the second flange component 4. More specifically, as... Figure 1 , 2As shown, the edge forming portion 51 engages with the corner forming portion 22 of the first flange member 2 and the corner forming portion 32 of the first flange member 3 from both sides along its length direction. At this time, the two ends of the edge forming portion 51 along its length direction ( Figure 2 One of the edge ends 51a and 51b shown engages with the extension 28 of the corner forming portion 22, and the other edge end 51b engages with the extension 38 of the corner forming portion 32. That is, the joint 13 of the first flange component 2 and the second flange component 5 is the joint of the extension end 28a and the edge end 51a. The joint 14 of the first flange component 3 and the second flange component 5 is the joint of the extension end 38a and the edge end 51a. As described above, the edge forming portion 51 forms one of the four edges of the flange 1, the edge located between a pair of corners formed by the corner forming portions 22 and 32 respectively. Figure 1 The middle part is the lower edge.

[0084] And, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, flange 1 has a mating hole 6. The mating hole 6 is an example of a through hole (through hole) through which fastening components such as bolts for engaging a pipe with flange 1 are inserted. For example, as shown... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, multiple connecting holes 6 are provided on the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5 that form flange 1. Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned plurality of mating holes 6 are located at positions that do not overlap with the joint portions 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5. Furthermore, the number of mating holes 6 is not limited to [specific number]. Figure 1 , 2 The quantity shown is only required for the pipe connection (fastening of flange 1). Furthermore, threads may or may not be provided on the inner circumferential surface of the mating hole 6.

[0085] Furthermore, the materials used for the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5 can be, for example, metals or alloys such as iron. And the joining method for the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5 can be, for example, welding.

[0086] (Joint position)

[0087] Next, the engagement positions of the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5 that form flange 1 will be described. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the joint positions of multiple plate-shaped components of a flange forming an embodiment of the present invention. The joints 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5 (see reference) Figure 1The distance between the flange 1 and the inner circumferential surface end (arc end) of each corner is more than the specified distance.

[0088] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, at one corner of flange 1, the joint 12 of the extension 35 of the first flange member 3 and the edge forming portion 41 of the second flange member 4 is separated from the arc surface 36 of the corner forming portion 31 (the inner circumferential surface of the corner forming portion body 34) by a distance Y or more. The distance Y is the lower limit of the distance from the arc surface 36 of the corner forming portion 31 to the joint 12 of the extension 35 and the edge forming portion 41, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the distance is defined as the distance from position P2 of the arc end 36a on the extension 35 side to position P3 of the joint 12. The distance Y described above is expressed by the following formula (1) using the distance X between positions P1 and P2 of the arc end 36a and the joint 12 in the departure direction and the plate width W of the edge of the flange 1.

[0089] Y = aX + W (1)

[0090] In formula (1), the coefficient a is, for example, a negative constant greater than -1 and less than -0.5. Specifically, -0.8 is preferred for coefficient a. The plate width W is, for example, as follows: Figure 3 The width of the edge forming portion 33 is shown. Furthermore, as... Figure 3 As shown, position P1 is the position of the arc end 36b on the side of the edge forming portion 33, and position P2 is the position of the arc end 36a on the side of the extension portion 35. The distance X between positions P1 and P2 as described above is equal to the radius of curvature R of the arc surface 36. Therefore, the distance Y is set based on the radius of curvature R of the arc surface 36 and the width W of the edge forming portion 33.

[0091] Here, at the corner of flange 1, due to the flow path 105 of the pipe where flange 1 is located (refer to...) Figure 1 The pressure of the fluid flowing in the flange (e.g., high-pressure fluid such as compressed gas) causes stress concentration. To reduce this stress concentration, the inner circumferential surface of the corner of flange 1 is an arc surface with a radius of curvature R (e.g., Figure 1 The circular arc surfaces 26, 29, 36, and 39 are shown. This corresponds to the corner of an existing flange with an angle on the inner circumferential side (see...). Figure 8A , 8B Compared to the above, it can reduce stress concentration at the corners. However, in the flange 1 formed by joining multiple first flange components 2, 3 and second flange components 4, 5, the joints between these components (e.g., Figure 1 The joints 11, 12, 13, and 14 shown are separated from the corner of the flange 1, thus requiring prevention of the joints from damage due to stress concentration.

[0092] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, the position P3 of the joint 12 of the extension 35 and the edge forming portion 41 at one corner of the flange 1 is set at a distance Y or more from the arc end 36a of the inner circumferential surface (arc surface 36) of the corner, based on the above formula (1). Furthermore, the stress concentration at the corner decreases as the radius of curvature R of the arc surface 36 increases. In this case, the position P3 of the joint 12 can move closer to the corner as the stress concentration decreases. That is, the distance Y decreases as the radius of curvature R increases. On the other hand, as the radius of curvature R of the arc surface 36 decreases, the stress concentration at the corner increases. In this case, to avoid stress concentration, the position P3 of the joint 12 needs to be further separated from the corner. That is, the distance Y increases as the radius of curvature R decreases.

[0093] Furthermore, when considering the flow path 105 of the pipe with flange 1, the inner circumferential surface of flange 1 surrounding flow path 105 approaches a circle when viewed from above in the direction of central axis C, as the radius of curvature R increases. In this case, flange 1 tends to narrow the opening to flow path 105. Conversely, the inner circumferential surface of flange 1 surrounding flow path 105 approaches a rectangle when viewed from above in the direction of central axis C, as the radius of curvature R decreases. In this case, flange 1 tends to widen the opening to flow path 105. That is, increasing the radius of curvature R is effective in reducing stress concentration at the corners of flange 1, but it narrows the flow path 105 of the pipe. Decreasing the radius of curvature R is effective in ensuring the flow path 105 of the pipe, but it increases stress concentration at the corners of flange 1. Therefore, in order to sufficiently ensure the flow path 105 of the pipe while sufficiently reducing stress concentration at the corners of flange 1, it is preferable to set the radius of curvature R to meet a specified condition. For example, in the above formula (1), the radius of curvature R (= distance X) preferably satisfies the condition that it is less than 1.25 times the plate width W of flange 1, and the plate width W preferably satisfies the condition that it is more than 60 mm and less than 120 mm.

[0094] And, as Figure 3As shown, in order to prevent damage to the flange 1 when the mating hole 6 is formed on the flange 1, the joint 12 of the extension 35 and the edge forming portion 41 is located at a position offset from the mating hole 6 formed on the flange 1. For example, if the distance between the position P2 of the arc end 36a and the position P4 where the mating hole 6 is formed is equal to the distance Y calculated by the above formula (1), the position of the joint 12 is set at a position P5 further away from the arc end 36a than that position P4. In this case, the distance from the position P2 of the arc end 36a to the position P5 of the joint 12 is a larger value than the distance Y determined by the above formula (1). As a result, the joint 12 can be moved further away from the corner (stress concentration part) of the flange 1, and the joint 12 and the mating hole 6 can be located at a position where they do not overlap.

[0095] In addition, although Figure 3 The position of the joint 12 of the first flange component 3 and the second flange component 4 of flange 1 has been described, but the positions of the remaining joints 11, 13 and 14 of flange 1 are also set in the same way as the position of the joint 12.

[0096] (Cutting method for flange components)

[0097] Next, the cutting methods for the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5 constituting the flange 1 will be described. Figure 4 This diagram illustrates a method for cutting multiple flange components that constitute a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention. First flange components 2 and 3, and second flange components 4 and 5, are cut from a sheet metal or similar material.

[0098] In detail, such as Figure 4 As shown, the material plate 8 is made of metal or an alloy containing that metal, and is, for example, a rectangular sheet. Two first flange components 2 and 3 are cut from the frame-shaped outer side 8a of the material plate 8. Furthermore, two second flange components 4 and 5 are cut from the inner side 8b surrounded by the outer side 8a. As a method for cutting these multiple components from the material plate 8, laser processing can be used, for example. The remaining portion in the inner side 8b after cutting out the second flange components 4 and 5 is disposed of as waste material, for example.

[0099] The first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5, which have been cut out as described above, are then joined together. Specifically, as follows... Figure 4As shown, the edge end 41a of the second flange component 4 is engaged with one of the extended ends 25a of the first flange component 2, and the edge end 51a of the second flange component 5 is engaged with the other extended end 28a of the first flange component 2. Furthermore, the edge end 41b of the second flange component 4 is engaged with one of the extended ends 35a of the first flange component 3, and the edge end 51b of the second flange component 5 is engaged with the other extended end 38a of the first flange component 3. Welding is one example of how these components are joined together.

[0100] Furthermore, the joint portions of the aforementioned extended ends 25a and 35a with the edge ends 41a and 41b respectively correspond to Figure 1 The joints 11 and 12 are shown. The joints between the extended ends 28a and 38a and the edge ends 51a and 51b respectively correspond to... Figure 1 The joints 13 and 14 are shown.

[0101] The flange 1, forming a rectangular ring, is formed by the joining of the first flange components 2 and 3 and the second flange components 4 and 5. Then, as... Figure 1 As shown, multiple mating holes 6 are formed in the flange 1, except for the mating portions 11, 12, 13, and 14. The flange 1 is manufactured as described above.

[0102] on the other hand, Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the cutting method for cutting an integral flange from a material plate. (Example) Figure 5 As shown, the one-piece flange 10 is not formed by joining multiple parts, but is a flange composed of a single ring-shaped component. In addition, except that there are no joints (seams) between multiple parts, the one-piece flange 10 has the same structure as the flange 1 described above.

[0103] In detail, such as Figure 5 As shown, the frame-shaped outer portion 9a is cut from the material plate 9 as an integral flange 10. The integral flange 10 is obtained as described above. Although in Figure 5 Not shown in the image, but on the integral flange 10, with Figure 1 The flange 1 shown has a plurality of mating holes 6.

[0104] Here, based on the cutting (manufacturing) of the aforementioned integral flange 10, such as Figure 5 As shown, the inner portion 9b of material plate 9, which is surrounded by the outer portion 9a, is not used to form the integral flange 10 and is entirely treated as scrap. Therefore, the proportion of scrap (inner portion 9b) in material plate 9 is much greater than the proportion of the outer portion 9a effectively used to manufacture the integral flange 10, resulting in a poor yield (material efficiency) when manufacturing the integral flange 10 from material plate 9. This, in turn, increases manufacturing costs.

[0105] In contrast, for flange 1 in the embodiment of the present invention, as... Figure 4 As shown, multiple first flange components 2 and 3 and second flange components 4 and 5 are cut from portions of the material plate 8 that match the respective shapes of these components. In particular, by cutting the second flange components 4 and 5 from the inner side 8b of the material plate 8, the inner side 8b is effectively utilized as a structural component of the flange 1. Therefore, compared to manufacturing a one-piece flange 10, the proportion of waste material in the material plate 8 can be reduced. In addition, compared to the material plate 9 of the one-piece flange 10, the size of the material plate 8 required for manufacturing the flange 1 can be miniaturized. As a result, the yield (material efficiency) when manufacturing the flange 1 can be improved, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[0106] (Application Example)

[0107] Next, an application example of flange 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application example of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, as shown below... Figure 6 As shown, flange 1 is used as a flange for connecting the piping of marine diesel engine 100.

[0108] In detail, such as Figure 6 As shown, flange 1 is used in the air duct 103 of a marine diesel engine 100. The marine diesel engine 100 includes, for example, a turbocharger 101 that compresses combustion gases such as air drawn in from the outside, and an air cooler 102 that cools the combustion gases compressed by the turbocharger 101. The air duct 103 is an example of a piping system for the flow of combustion gases from the marine diesel engine 100, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it connects the turbocharger 101 and the air cooler 102. A flange 1 is installed at the peripheral end of the air duct 103 for connecting the middle portion of the air duct 103 to the upper end of the housing of the air cooler 102. The connection between the air duct 103 and the air cooler 102 is achieved by tightening bolts or other fastening components inserted into the plurality of connection holes 6 of the flange 1.

[0109] In summary, the flange of the embodiment of the present invention is an annular flange having a corner and an edge, comprising a first flange member having a corner forming portion forming the corner; and a second flange member having an edge forming portion forming the edge and engaging with the first flange member. The corner forming portion comprises: an arcuate surface having a predetermined radius of curvature and forming an inner circumferential surface of the corner; and an extension extending in a direction away from the end of the arcuate surface and engaging with the edge forming portion. The engagement portion of the extension and the edge forming portion is separated from the end of the arcuate surface by a distance set based on the radius of curvature and the width of the edge forming portion.

[0110] Therefore, the joint between the aforementioned extension and the aforementioned edge forming portion can be sufficiently far away from the stress concentration point at the corner of the flange. This prevents the joint from being damaged by the stress concentration, and consequently, suppresses damage caused by stress concentration in the flange.

[0111] Furthermore, in the flange according to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the joint and the end of the arcuate surface is set such that it decreases as the radius of curvature increases, and increases as the radius of curvature decreases. Therefore, the distance decreases as stress concentration at the corner of the flange decreases, and increases as stress concentration increases. Thus, the position of the joint is not futilely separated from the corner of the flange, but is appropriately separated from the corner of the flange according to the degree of stress concentration. As a result, since the lengths of the extension and the edge forming portion can be appropriately set according to the shape of the flange, the first flange component and the second flange component can be efficiently cut from the material plate, thereby improving material efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0112] Furthermore, in the flange according to an embodiment of the present invention, the joint between the extension and the edge forming portion is formed at a position offset from the mating hole (the insertion hole through which the fastening member is inserted) formed in the flange. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the joint overlapping with the mating hole in the flange, thereby preventing damage to the joint when the mating hole is formed.

[0113] (Modified Example)

[0114] Next, a modified example of the flange according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a modified example of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flange 1A of this modified example includes: a different number of plate-shaped members than the flange 1 of the above embodiment, for example... Figure 7 As shown, it includes four first flange components 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, and four second flange components 4, 4A, 5, 5A. Other structures are the same as in the above embodiment, with identical structural parts labeled with the same symbols.

[0115] like Figure 7 As shown, first flange components 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B are components having corner forming portions that form the corners of flange 1A. Specifically, first flange component 2A has a corner forming portion body 24 and extensions 25 and 25A. Extension 25A has the same structure as extension 25, except that its orientation in flange 1A differs from that of extension 25. First flange component 2B has a corner forming portion body 27 and extensions 28 and 28A. Extension 28A has the same structure as extension 28, except that its orientation in flange 1A differs from that of extension 28. First flange component 3A has a corner forming portion body 34 and extensions 35 and 35A. Extension 35A has the same structure as extension 35, except that its orientation in flange 1A differs from that of extension 35. First flange component 3B has a corner forming portion body 37 and extensions 38 and 38A. Extension 38A has the same structure as extension 38, except that the orientation of flange 1A is different from that of extension 38.

[0116] Second flange components 4A and 5A are components having edge forming portions that form the edge of flange 1A. Specifically, the edge forming portion of second flange component 4A forms the edge between first flange components 2A and 2B. The edge forming portion of second flange component 5A forms the edge between first flange components 3A and 3B. Second flange components 4A and 5A have the same structure as second flange components 4 and 5, except that their arrangement orientation in flange 1A differs from that of second flange components 4 and 5.

[0117] And, as Figure 7As shown, the end of the extension 25 of the first flange component 2A engages with the edge end of the second flange component 4, and the end of the extension 25A of the first flange component 2A engages with the edge end of the second flange component 4A. The end of the extension 28 of the first flange component 2B engages with the edge end of the second flange component 5, and the end of the extension 28A of the first flange component 2B engages with the edge end of the second flange component 4A. The end of the extension 35 of the first flange component 3A engages with the edge end of the second flange component 4, and the end of the extension 35A of the first flange component 3A engages with the edge end of the second flange component 5A. The end of the extension 38 of the first flange component 3B engages with the edge end of the second flange component 5, and the end of the extension 38A of the first flange component 3B engages with the edge end of the second flange component 5A. The positions of the engagement portions of the above components are set in the same manner as the engagement portions 11, 12, 13, and 14 in the above embodiment.

[0118] For the flange 1A in the above-described modified example, since it is constructed in the same manner as the above-described embodiment except for the difference in the number of structural components, it can achieve the same functional effect as the above-described embodiment. Furthermore, since flange 1A is composed of more components than flange 1 in the above-described embodiment, it is possible to cut multiple structural components of flange 1A from the material plate more efficiently, thereby further improving the material efficiency in manufacturing flange 1A.

[0119] Furthermore, although in the above embodiments and variations, the number of the first flange component and the second flange component constituting the flange is two or four, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the first flange component and the second flange component may each be one or more.

[0120] Furthermore, although the above-described embodiments and variations illustrate flanges that are rectangular (specifically square) when viewed from the central axis of the flow path of the flanged pipe, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the shape of the flange in the above-described top view of the present invention can be rectangular, triangular, or a polygon with more than one quadrilateral.

[0121] Furthermore, although the above embodiments and variations illustrate a first flange component and a second flange component with mutually symmetrical structures, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the first flange component and the second flange component may not have a structure in which the components are mutually symmetrical.

[0122] Furthermore, while the above embodiments and modifications illustrate flanges for piping supplying combustion gases in marine diesel engines, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the piping using flanges of the present invention can be piping for internal combustion engines other than marine diesel engines, or piping for any other type of internal combustion engine. Moreover, this piping can also be piping for fluids other than combustion gases, such as fuel or other liquids.

[0123] Furthermore, although in the above embodiments and variations, the width of each side of the flange (e.g.) Figure 3 The widths (W) of the plates in the edge forming portions 33 and 41 shown are set to the same value, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, the widths of the edges in the flange may also be different values. Alternatively, the flange may have a mixture of widths that are different from each other and widths that are the same from each other.

[0124] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications; structures formed by appropriately combining the above-described constituent elements are also included in the present invention. In addition, all other embodiments, examples, and applications based on the above-described embodiments and modifications made by those skilled in the art are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flange, the flange being annular with corners and edges, characterized in that, have: A first flange component, the first flange component having a corner forming portion forming the corner; and A second flange component has an edge forming portion that forms the edge and engages with the first flange component. The corner forming portion includes: An arc surface having a specified radius of curvature and forming the inner circumferential surface of the corner; as well as An extension portion extends in a direction away from the end of the arcuate surface and engages with the edge forming portion. The junction of the extension and the edge forming portion is separated from the end portion of the arc surface by a distance set based on the radius of curvature and the width of the edge forming portion. The first flange component and the second flange component are cut from a single sheet of material. The second flange component has a shape cut out from the inner side, which is surrounded by a frame-shaped outer side cut out from the first flange component. The separation distance is set to allow the second flange component to be cut out from the inner side. The flange also has a plurality of engagement holes through which fastening components are inserted. The engagement portion is positioned in a position that does not overlap with any of the plurality of engagement holes.

2. The flange as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance of departure decreases as the radius of curvature increases, and increases as the radius of curvature decreases.

3. The flange as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also has a through hole for fastening components to be inserted. The junction of the extension and the edge forming portion is located at a position offset from the through hole.

4. The flange as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, There are multiple first flange components and multiple second flange components.

5. The flange as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first flange component also includes the edge forming portion integrally formed with the corner forming portion.

6. The flange as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The flange is located at the periphery of the piping through which combustion gases from marine diesel engines flow.

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