Method for optimizing electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to participate in peak shaving and frequency modulation

Abstract

The application discloses an optimization method for electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in peak regulation and frequency modulation, determines a first-stage decision variable and a second-stage decision variable, constructs an objective function based on the first-stage decision variable, the second-stage decision variable and total fees generated when a first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and a second electrolytic hydrogen production facility respectively participate in grid peak regulation and frequency modulation as frequency modulation devices, sets a constraint condition, solves the first-stage decision variable and the second-stage decision variable based on the objective function and the constraint condition, obtains a first decision and a second decision, and randomly optimizes a process in which the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility participate in grid peak regulation and frequency modulation by using the first decision and the second decision. The scheme fully considers the uncertainty of a frequency modulation signal, solves the uncertainty factor by setting a random variable, and makes the optimization effect of the electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in grid peak regulation and frequency modulation better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of peak shaving and frequency regulation optimization technology, specifically to an optimization method for an electrolytic hydrogen production facility to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of peak shaving and frequency regulation, power system frequency deviation reflects the imbalance between power supply and demand between generation and load in the system. Therefore, the power system has certain needs for peak shaving and frequency regulation. These two are distinguished based on their time scale and objectives. Peak shaving has a longer time scale and its main purpose is economic dispatch of the power system, while frequency regulation has a shorter time scale and its main purpose is the safe and stable operation of the power system. Power system peak shaving refers to the process of adjusting various links in the power system, such as generation, transmission, storage, and consumption, to match supply and demand in order to address the mismatch between power supply and load. Taking the generation side as an example, peak shaving includes start-stop peak shaving and deep peak shaving.

[0003] However, for power systems with a high penetration rate of new energy sources, the frequency regulation automatic generation control signal is affected by both load fluctuations and fluctuations of new energy sources (wind power and photovoltaics). At the same time, the fluctuations of new energy sources and loads have different time scales and do not have the characteristic of mutually weakening and canceling each other. The superposition of these two factors causes significant uncertainty and has an adverse impact on the peak shaving and frequency regulation process of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides an optimization method for electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation, which is used to solve the problem that the frequency regulation automatic generation control signal is affected by both load fluctuations and new energy (wind power, photovoltaic) fluctuations. At the same time, the fluctuation time scales of new energy and load are different and do not have the characteristic of mutual weakening and cancellation. The superposition of the two factors causes significant uncertainty, which has an adverse effect on the peak shaving and frequency regulation process of the power system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following solution is proposed:

[0006] Firstly, an optimization method for electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation includes:

[0007] Determine the decision variables for the first stage and the decision variables for the second stage;

[0008] An objective function is constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, and constraints are set.

[0009] Based on the objective function and constraints, the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables are solved to obtain the first decision and the second decision.

[0010] The process of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation is stochastically optimized using the first and second decisions.

[0011] Preferably, determining the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables includes:

[0012] The peak-shaving power baseline of the electrolytic hydrogen production facility is set as a first-stage decision variable, and the amplitude of the automatic power generation control signal is used as a random variable.

[0013] Obtain the probability distribution of the random variable, and in each pre-selected target scenario, take each target scenario as the expectation;

[0014] The first-stage decision variables are determined based on the probability distribution of the random variables and the expected value.

[0015] The random variables are determined based on the first-stage decision variables;

[0016] Two-stage decision variables are obtained from the random variables, wherein the two-stage decision variables are the power allocation of the random variables among different units.

[0017] Preferably, the objective function constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment includes:

[0018] The first electrolytic hydrogen production facility is used as a frequency regulation device, and the first hydrogen revenue and first electricity consumption cost generated by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation are determined.

[0019] The second electrolytic hydrogen production facility is used as a frequency regulation device, and the second hydrogen revenue and second electricity consumption cost generated by the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation are determined.

[0020] The first electrolysis hydrogen production facility and the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility are combined into a unit, and the frequency regulation compensation benefit of the combined unit is determined.

[0021] Add the first hydrogen revenue and the second hydrogen revenue frequency regulation compensation revenue together, and then subtract the first power consumption cost and the second power consumption cost to obtain the total cost incurred by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility as frequency regulation equipment participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation respectively.

[0022] An objective function is constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment.

[0023] Preferably, determining the first hydrogen revenue generated by the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation includes:

[0024] Let Ipem_hydrogent represent the first hydrogen revenue generated when the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility responds to the automatic power generation control signal. Then, the formula for calculating the first hydrogen revenue is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, P pem_set The peak-shaving operation point of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility is given, Δt is the study period, αpem_transfer is the efficiency of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility, and B is the peak-shaving operation point. hydrogen Given the current hydrogen price, ξ t The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit in this operation is ξ. t-1 The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit last time is positive when the system increases demand and negative when it decreases demand. t With ξ t-1 They satisfy the same probability distribution, and sign(x) is the sign function, which is 1 when x>0 and -1 when x<0.

[0027] Preferably, determining the first electricity consumption cost incurred by the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation includes:

[0028] The initial electricity consumption cost incurred by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility in response to the automatic power generation control signal is denoted as I. pem_grid The formula for calculating the first electricity consumption cost is:

[0029]

[0030] Here, Bgrid represents the electricity price for the current period.

[0031] Preferably, determining the second hydrogen revenue and second electricity consumption cost generated by the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation includes:

[0032] Let the second hydrogen revenue generated when the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility responds to the automatic power generation control signal be denoted as Ialk_hydrogent. Then, the formula for calculating the second hydrogen revenue is:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, P alk_set This represents the peak-shaving operation point of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility, where Δt is the study period.

[0035] αalk_transfer represents the electro-hydrogen conversion efficiency of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility, Bhydrogen represents the current hydrogen price, and ξ t The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit in this operation is ξ. t-1 The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit last time is positive when the system increases demand and negative when it decreases demand. t With ξ t-1 They satisfy the same probability distribution, and sign(x) is the sign function, which is 1 when x>0 and -1 when x<0.

[0036] Preferably, determining the second electricity consumption cost incurred by the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation includes:

[0037] The first electricity consumption cost incurred by the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility in response to the automatic power generation control signal is denoted as I. alk_grid The formula for calculating the second electricity consumption cost is:

[0038]

[0039] Here, Bgrid represents the electricity price for the current period.

[0040] Preferably, the step of combining the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility and the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility into a combined unit, and determining the frequency regulation compensation benefit of the combined unit, includes:

[0041] The adjustment rate of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility is set to 50% of the rated power corresponding to the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility, and the adjustment rate of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility is set to 10% of the rated power corresponding to the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility.

[0042] The first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility are combined to obtain a combined unit, and the frequency regulation performance index of the combined unit is:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, v pem v is the adjustment rate of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. alk P is the adjustment rate of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility. pem_n P represents the rated power of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. alk_n This refers to the rated power of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility.

[0045] The frequency regulation benefit generated by the combined generating unit in any response to the automatic generation control signal is:

[0046] I fre =K p (ΔPpem +ΔP alk B fre ;

[0047] Where, ΔP pem The mileage of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility is adjusted in response to the automatic power generation control signal, and ΔP pem =abs(ΔP) pems ), ΔP pems It is the actual output adjustment of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility to the system, ΔP alk The second electrolysis hydrogen production facility adjusts its mileage in response to the automatic power generation control signal, and ΔP alk =abs(ΔP) alks ), ΔP alks This refers to the actual output adjustment of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility on the system. The unit's output adjustment is always positive if it increases the system power. Therefore, when the system requires an increase, ΔP... pems With ΔP alks Both are positive. When the system has a downward adjustment requirement, ΔP pems With ΔP alks All are negative.

[0048] Preferably, the objective function constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment includes:

[0049] The initial function is constructed as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Where S is the number of target scenes, and i represents the target scene. and These refer to the adjustment mileage of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities in response to automatic power generation control signals, respectively.

[0052] Determine the peak-shaving operation points for the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities.

[0053] For atypical scenarios within the target scenario, for any automatic power generation control signal, the formula for calculating the target function derived from the initial function is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Preferably, the set constraint conditions include:

[0056] Set the automatic generation control signal amplitude constraints, ramp constraints, equipment capacity constraints, and combined unit load tracking plan constraints respectively;

[0057] The amplitude constraint condition for the automatic power generation control signal is:

[0058]

[0059] Where, ΔP i =abs(ξ t -ξ t-1 ) i ;

[0060] The climbing constraint is as follows:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Among them, P pem_max P represents the upper limit of ramp-up or load reduction for the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility within the study period Δt, all of which are positive values. alk_max This represents the upper limit of the ramp-up of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility within the research period t, and is a positive value.

[0064] The device's own capacity constraint is as follows:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Where Ppem_set is the peak-shaving operation point of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility, Palk_set is the peak-shaving operation point of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility, and β pem_min and β alk_min These are the minimum technical output rates of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities, respectively, and their values ​​are the ratios of the minimum technical output values ​​of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to their rated power.

[0068] The constraints of the combined unit load tracking plan are as follows:

[0069] P pem_set +P alk_set =P plan ;

[0070] Among them, P plan To contribute power to the power generation plan issued to the combined generating units.

[0071] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application determines first-stage and second-stage decision variables; constructs an objective function based on the first-stage and second-stage decision variables, as well as the total costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, and sets constraints; solves the first-stage and second-stage decision variables based on the objective function and constraints to obtain the first and second decisions; and uses the first and second decisions to perform stochastic optimization on the process of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation. This solution fully considers the uncertainty of frequency regulation signals, reasonably reflects the randomness of the electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation services, and solves the uncertainty factors by setting random variables, resulting in better optimization effects for the electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0072] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0073] Figure 1 An optional flowchart of an optimization method for an electrolytic hydrogen production facility to participate in peak shaving and frequency modulation, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 2 An optional flowchart of an optimization method for an electrolytic hydrogen production facility to participate in peak shaving and frequency modulation, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 3 The statistical characteristics of AGC signals within a unit hour provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optimization device for an electrolytic hydrogen production facility participating in peak shaving and frequency modulation, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optimized device for peak shaving and frequency modulation in an electrolytic hydrogen production facility, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] In the field of peak shaving and frequency regulation, power system frequency deviation reflects the imbalance between power supply and demand between generation and load in the system. Therefore, the power system has certain needs for peak shaving and frequency regulation. These two are distinguished based on their time scale and objectives. Peak shaving has a longer time scale and its main purpose is economic dispatch of the power system, while frequency regulation has a shorter time scale and its main purpose is the safe and stable operation of the power system. Power system peak shaving refers to the process of adjusting various links in the power system, such as generation, transmission, storage, and consumption, to match supply and demand in order to address the mismatch between power supply and load. Taking the generation side as an example, peak shaving includes start-stop peak shaving and deep peak shaving. Start-stop peak shaving (upward peak shaving) refers to the additional commissioning of generator units beyond normal operation during peak load periods to increase power output. Deep peak shaving (downward peak shaving) refers to power plants reducing output to meet off-peak loads or the consumption of new energy sources. Power system frequency regulation services mainly include primary frequency regulation and secondary frequency regulation. When power fluctuations occur in the power system, generator units respond quickly to second-level fluctuations through primary frequency regulation. Secondary frequency regulation addresses power deviations that primary frequency regulation cannot balance by using AGC (Automatic Generation Control) units for minute-level power balancing. AGC is an important function in the Energy Management System (EMS). Generally, the AGC unit receives frequency regulation signals from the power grid control center and adjusts accordingly, performing real-time output control with specific response speeds, adjustment rates, and adjustment precision to achieve real-time power balance. This meets the constantly changing power demands of users, conforms to control performance standards, maintains system frequency stability, and ensures the system operates in an economical state. In a standalone power system, AGC controls the frequency of that system's frequency through the frequency regulation unit. In a combined power system, AGC operates on a regional system basis, with each region controlling the output of its generators.

[0080] Regarding frequency regulation requirements, minute-level frequency regulation response requirements mainly consist of two parts: a deterministic part and an uncertain part. The deterministic part primarily addresses insufficient power source ramp-up rates caused by the "duck curve," while the uncertain part mainly includes minute-level uncertainties in load, wind power output, and solar power output. Currently, there is no mature calculation method for minute-level frequency regulation requirements of the power system after the integration of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. For power systems with low early renewable energy penetration, the uncertainty of the frequency regulation AGC signal is mainly affected by load fluctuations, which have a large time scale and are highly predictable, resulting in lower uncertainty in the frequency regulation AGC signal. In addition, for power systems with a high penetration rate of new energy sources, the frequency regulation automatic generation control signal is affected by both load fluctuations and fluctuations of new energy sources (wind power and photovoltaics). At the same time, the fluctuations of new energy sources and loads have different time scales and do not have the characteristic of mutual weakening and offsetting. The superposition of the two factors causes significant uncertainty, which has an adverse impact on the peak shaving and frequency regulation process of the power system.

[0081] This invention provides an optimization method for electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation. This method can be applied to various computer terminals or smart terminals, and its execution entity can be the processor or server of the computer terminal or smart terminal. The method flowchart is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it specifically includes:

[0082] S1: Determine the decision variables for the first stage and the decision variables for the second stage.

[0083] S2: Construct an objective function based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, and set constraints.

[0084] The first electrolysis hydrogen production facility can be a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production facility, and the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility can be an ALK hydrogen production facility. The PEM electrolysis hydrogen production facility has a significantly better adjustment rate than the ALK hydrogen production facility, and the ALK hydrogen production facility has a significantly better capacity than the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production facility, so they can complement each other.

[0085] Taking PEM electrolysis hydrogen production facilities and ALK hydrogen production facilities as examples, the objective function is to maximize the net revenue of operators participating in frequency regulation under the response scheduling AGC signal. The operator's revenue includes the frequency regulation compensation revenue of the joint unit, the change in hydrogen revenue of PEM hydrogen production facilities and the change in hydrogen revenue of ALK hydrogen production facilities, and the cost includes the change in electricity consumption cost of PEM hydrogen production facilities and the change in electricity consumption cost of ALK hydrogen production facilities.

[0086] S3: Solve for the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables based on the objective function and constraints to obtain the first decision and the second decision.

[0087] S4: Use the first decision and the second decision to perform stochastic optimization on the process of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility participating in power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0088] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application determines first-stage and second-stage decision variables; constructs an objective function based on the first-stage and second-stage decision variables, as well as the total costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, and sets constraints; solves the first-stage and second-stage decision variables based on the objective function and constraints to obtain the first and second decisions; and uses the first and second decisions to perform stochastic optimization on the process of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation. This solution fully considers the uncertainty of frequency regulation signals, reasonably reflects the randomness of the electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation services, and solves the uncertainty factors by setting random variables, resulting in better optimization effects for the electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0089] This scheme can collaboratively optimize the process of multiple types of electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation, giving full play to the advantages of different types of hydrogen production facilities and achieving complementary advantages through optimization. It provides a stochastic optimization method that considers the randomness of AGC signals through a compensated two-stage stochastic programming, thereby determining the power operating base point and frequency regulation signal allocation for different types of electrolytic hydrogen production facilities. In addition, due to the utilization of the statistical characteristics of AGC signals, this scheme requires less computation and is easier to implement compared with directly using the Monte Carlo method for production simulation.

[0090] The process for determining the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables in the method provided by this invention is described in detail below:

[0091] The peak-shaving power baseline of the electrolytic hydrogen production facility is set as a first-stage decision variable, and the amplitude of the automatic power generation control signal is used as a random variable.

[0092] Obtain the probability distribution of the random variable, and in each pre-selected target scenario, take each target scenario as the expectation;

[0093] The first-stage decision variables are determined based on the probability distribution of the random variables and the expected value.

[0094] The random variables are determined based on the first-stage decision variables;

[0095] Two-stage decision variables are obtained from the random variables, wherein the two-stage decision variables are the power allocation of the random variables among different units.

[0096] Specifically, a two-stage stochastic programming model is constructed as follows:

[0097]

[0098] st

[0099]

[0100] To reasonably reflect the randomness of electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation services, the uncertain factor of the frequency regulation service AGC amplitude is set as an uncertain variable, i.e., a random variable, in the model. Stochastic programming is a planning method used when the random variables in a planning problem have known probability distributions. Generally, in stochastic programming, the description of random variables mainly includes multi-scenario implementation of stochastic information applied to two-stage stochastic programming, expected value models, and chance constraint models. Combining peak shaving and frequency regulation service collaborative optimization, this scheme adopts multi-scenario implementation to describe the random information and optimizes the economic scheduling of various types of electrolytic hydrogen production facilities based on a compensated two-stage stochastic programming method.

[0101] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, setting the peak-shaving power baseline of various types of electrolytic hydrogen production facilities as a one-stage decision variable x (also known as "here and now" decision) is a decision that needs to be made under the condition that the random variable ξ has not been fully observed or realized; the AGC signal amplitude is set as a random variable ξ, which is generated by the power grid and received by the electrolytic hydrogen production facilities. According to statistics, it is assumed that AGC follows a distribution as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, different AGC signals can be used as variables for multiple scenarios. The distribution of power between different units using the frequency modulation signal of the electrolytic hydrogen production facility is then set as the second-stage decision variable y, which is the decision to be made after the random information ξ has been fully observed or realized (also known as a "wait and see" decision). y(ξ) indicates that the realization of the decision variable y is related to ξ. f1(x) is the cost function of the first-stage decision, and f2(x,y(ξ)) is the cost function of the second-stage decision corresponding to a certain target scenario for the random variable ξ. K is the set of target scenarios, I is the set of unequal constraints, and J is the set of equal-constraint scenarios.

[0102] Specifically, the process of constructing an objective function based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment may include:

[0103] S21: Use the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility as a frequency regulation device, and determine the first hydrogen revenue and the first electricity consumption cost generated by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0104] Specifically, the first hydrogen revenue generated when the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility responds to the automatic power generation control signal is denoted as I. pem_hydrogent The formula for calculating the first hydrogen gain is:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, P pem_set The peak-shaving operation point of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility is given, Δt is the study period, αpem_transfer is the efficiency of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility, and B is the peak-shaving operation point. hydrogen Given the current hydrogen price, ξ t The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit in this operation is ξ. t-1 The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit last time is positive when the system increases demand and negative when it decreases demand. t With ξ t-1 They satisfy the same probability distribution, and sign(x) is the sign function, which is 1 when x>0 and -1 when x<0.

[0107] The initial electricity consumption cost incurred by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility in response to the automatic power generation control signal is denoted as I. pem_grid The formula for calculating the first electricity consumption cost is:

[0108]

[0109] Here, Bgrid represents the electricity price for the current period.

[0110] S22: Use the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility as a frequency regulation device, and determine the second hydrogen revenue and the second electricity consumption cost generated by the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0111] Specifically, the second hydrogen revenue generated when the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility responds to the automatic power generation control signal is expressed as I. alk_hydrogent The formula for calculating the second hydrogen gain is:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, P alk_set The peak-shaving operation point of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility is given, Δt is the study period, αalk_transfer is the electro-to-hydrogen efficiency of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility, Bhydrogen is the current hydrogen price, and ξ is the peak-shaving operation point of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility. t The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit in this operation is ξ.t-1 The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit last time is positive when the system increases demand and negative when it decreases demand. t With ξ t-1 They satisfy the same probability distribution, and sign(x) is the sign function, which is 1 when x>0 and -1 when x<0.

[0114] The first electricity consumption cost incurred by the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility in response to the automatic power generation control signal is denoted as I. alk_grid The formula for calculating the second electricity consumption cost is:

[0115]

[0116] Here, Bgrid represents the electricity price for the current period.

[0117] S23: Combine the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility and the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility into a joint unit, and determine the frequency regulation compensation benefit of the joint unit.

[0118] The process specifically includes: setting the adjustment rate of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility to 50% of the rated power corresponding to the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility, and setting the adjustment rate of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility to 10% of the rated power corresponding to the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility.

[0119] The first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility are combined to obtain a combined unit, and the frequency regulation performance index of the combined unit is as follows:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, v pem v is the adjustment rate of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. alk P is the adjustment rate of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility. pem_n P represents the rated power of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. alk_n This refers to the rated power of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility.

[0122] The frequency regulation benefit generated by the combined generating unit in any response to the automatic generation control signal is:

[0123] I fre =K p (ΔP pem +ΔP alk B fre ;

[0124] Where, ΔP pem The mileage of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility is adjusted in response to the automatic power generation control signal, and ΔP pem =abs(ΔP) pems), ΔP pems It is the actual output adjustment of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility to the system, ΔP alk To adjust the mileage of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility in response to automatic power generation control signals, and

[0125] ΔP alk =abs(ΔP) alks ), ΔP alks This refers to the actual output adjustment of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility on the system. The unit's output adjustment is always positive if it increases the system power. Therefore, when the system requires an increase, ΔP... pems With ΔP alks Both are positive. When the system has a downward adjustment requirement, ΔP pems With ΔP alks All are negative.

[0126] Understandably, when the combined generating units receive the random AGC signal, they need to determine the optimal operating reference point for frequency regulation of each unit based on the frequency regulation characteristics of the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production facility and the ALK hydrogen production facility. Based on this, the original signal is optimally and economically dispatched among different generating units to maximize the operator's net revenue.

[0127] S24: Add the first hydrogen revenue and the second hydrogen revenue frequency regulation compensation revenue together, and then subtract the first power consumption cost and the second power consumption cost to obtain the total cost incurred by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility as frequency regulation equipment participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0128] S25: Construct an objective function based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment.

[0129] Using typical target scenarios ξ t-1 -ξ t The joint probability distribution, based on two-stage stochastic programming, is used to construct the initial function as follows:

[0130]

[0131] It can also be expressed as:

[0132]

[0133] Where S is the number of target scenes, and i represents the target scene. and These are the adjustment mileages of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities in response to the automatic power generation control signal, respectively; at this point, the specific scenario i has been determined.

[0134] Once the peak-shaving operation points of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities are determined, the optimal economic dispatch output of different units under a single typical target scenario can be determined.

[0135] For atypical scenarios within the target scenario, for any automatic power generation control signal, the formula for calculating the target function derived from the initial function is as follows:

[0136]

[0137] Furthermore, the constraints include: automatic generation control signal amplitude constraints, ramping constraints, equipment capacity constraints, and combined unit load tracking plan constraints.

[0138] Specifically, the amplitude constraint condition of the automatic power generation control signal is as follows:

[0139]

[0140] Wherein, ΔP i =abs(ξ t -ξ t-1 ) i ;

[0141] The climbing constraint is as follows:

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] Among them, P pem_max P represents the upper limit of ramp-up or load reduction for the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility within the study period Δt, all of which are positive values. alk_max This represents the upper limit of the ramp-up of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility within the research period t, and is a positive value.

[0145] The device's own capacity constraint is as follows:

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] Where Ppem_set is the peak-shaving operation point of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility, Palk_set is the peak-shaving operation point of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility, and β pem_min and β alk_min These are the minimum technical output rates of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities, respectively, and their values ​​are the ratios of the minimum technical output values ​​of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to their rated power.

[0149] The constraints of the combined unit load tracking plan are as follows:

[0150] P pem_set +P alk_set =P plan ;

[0151] Among them, P plan To contribute power to the power generation plan issued to the combined generating units.

[0152] In the two-stage stochastic programming, the variables are set as follows: the AGC signal amplitude is taken as a random variable with a known probability distribution, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, the optimal operating reference point for frequency regulation of each unit needs to be determined before the random variables are realized, serving as the first-stage decision variable. The allocated output value undertaken by each unit under a certain AGC signal serves as the second-stage decision variable. Based on the variable settings, an electrolytic hydrogen production service participation optimization economic dispatch model is established. The objective function is the sum of the first-stage decision cost and the expected costs of each scenario in the second stage. This determines the optimal decision variables: the first decision and the second decision. The first-stage decision x, through inequality constraints, determines the ability of the second-stage decision y to satisfy equal constraints. If these constraints cannot be met or there is room for cost optimization, the first-stage decision needs to be adjusted. Thus, the decision variables of the two stages are mutually constrained. Therefore, the above process can also be seen as constructing an electrolytic hydrogen production service participation optimization economic dispatch model, determining the objective function and constraints, and solving the parameters of the electrolytic hydrogen production service participation optimization economic dispatch model based on the objective function and constraints. Optionally, a mature optimization solver can be used to quickly solve the electrolytic hydrogen production service participation optimization economic dispatch model to obtain the first and second decisions, such as using GAMS software and its BONMIN solver.

[0153] and Figure 1 Corresponding to the method described above, embodiments of the present invention also provide an optimization device for electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to participate in peak shaving and frequency modulation, used for... Figure 1 The specific implementation of the method, the optimization device for peak shaving and frequency modulation of the electrolytic hydrogen production facility provided in this embodiment of the invention, can be integrated into a computer terminal or various mobile devices. Figure 4 This section introduces optimized devices for participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation in electrolytic hydrogen production facilities, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device may include:

[0154] The decision variable determination module 10 is used to determine the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables;

[0155] The construction module 20 is used to construct an objective function based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility and the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility participate in the power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, and to set constraints.

[0156] The solution module 30 is used to solve the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables based on the objective function and constraints to obtain the first decision and the second decision.

[0157] The stochastic optimization module 40 is used to perform stochastic optimization on the process of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation using the first decision and the second decision.

[0158] Furthermore, embodiments of this application provide an optimization device for an electrolytic hydrogen production facility to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation. Optionally, Figure 5 The diagram shows the hardware structure of the optimized equipment for peak shaving and frequency regulation in an electrolysis hydrogen production facility. (Refer to...) Figure 5 The hardware structure of the optimization equipment for the electrolytic hydrogen production facility participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation may include: at least one processor 01, at least one communication interface 02, at least one memory 03 and at least one communication bus 04.

[0159] In this embodiment, the number of processor 01, communication interface 02, memory 03 and communication bus 04 is at least one, and processor 01, communication interface 02 and memory 03 communicate with each other through communication bus 04.

[0160] Processor 01 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.

[0161] Memory 03 may include high-speed RAM, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0162] The memory stores a program that the processor can call. This program executes the following optimization methods for the electrolytic hydrogen production facility to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation:

[0163] Determine the decision variables for the first stage and the decision variables for the second stage;

[0164] An objective function is constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, and constraints are set.

[0165] Based on the objective function and constraints, the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables are solved to obtain the first decision and the second decision.

[0166] The process of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation is stochastically optimized using the first and second decisions.

[0167] Optionally, the refinement and extension functions of the program can be found in the description of the optimization method for the electrolytic hydrogen production facility to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation in the method embodiments.

[0168] This application embodiment also provides a storage medium that can store a program suitable for execution by a processor. When the program runs, it controls the device containing the storage medium to execute the following optimization method for electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in peak shaving and frequency modulation, including:

[0169] Determine the decision variables for the first stage and the decision variables for the second stage;

[0170] An objective function is constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, and constraints are set.

[0171] Based on the objective function and constraints, the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables are solved to obtain the first decision and the second decision.

[0172] The process of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation is stochastically optimized using the first and second decisions.

[0173] Specifically, the storage medium can be a computer-readable storage medium, which can be an electronic storage device such as flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM, hard disk, or ROM.

[0174] Optionally, the refinement and extension functions of the program can be found in the description of the optimization method for the electrolytic hydrogen production facility to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation in the method embodiments.

[0175] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part. If the function is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a live streaming device, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0176] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0177] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0178] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An optimized method for electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to participate in peak shaving and frequency regulation, characterized in that, include: The process involves determining first-stage and second-stage decision variables, including: setting the peak-shaving power baseline of the electrolytic hydrogen production facility as the first-stage decision variable and using the amplitude of the automatic power generation control signal as a random variable; obtaining the probability distribution of the random variable and taking each of the pre-selected target scenarios as an expectation; determining the first-stage decision variable based on the probability distribution of the random variable and the expectation; determining random variables based on the first-stage decision variable; and obtaining the second-stage decision variable from the random variable, wherein the second-stage decision variable is the allocation of power among different units. An objective function is constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, respectively, and constraints are set. These constraints include: using the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility as a frequency regulation equipment and determining the first hydrogen revenue and first electricity consumption cost generated by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation; using the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility as a frequency regulation equipment and determining the second hydrogen revenue and second electricity consumption cost generated by the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation; and forming a combined unit by the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities and determining the frequency regulation compensation for the combined unit. The process involves calculating the compensation revenue; adding the first hydrogen revenue, the second hydrogen revenue, and the frequency regulation compensation revenue, and then subtracting the first and second electricity consumption costs to obtain the total costs incurred by the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities when they participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment; constructing an objective function based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and the total costs incurred by the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities when they participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment; and determining the first hydrogen revenue generated by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation, including: expressing the first hydrogen revenue generated by the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility in response to the automatic power generation control signal as... The formula for calculating the first hydrogen gain is: ； in, This is the peak-shaving operation point for the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. For the research period, For the efficiency of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility, Given the current hydrogen price, The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating units this time. The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit from the dispatch center is positive when the system increases demand and negative when it decreases demand. and They satisfy the same probability distribution. This is a sign function, equal to 1 when x > 0 and -1 when x < 0; Based on the objective function and constraints, the first-stage decision variables and the second-stage decision variables are solved to obtain the first decision and the second decision. The process of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participating in power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation is stochastically optimized using the first and second decisions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the first electricity consumption cost incurred by the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation includes: The initial electricity consumption cost incurred by the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility in response to the automatic power generation control signal is expressed as... The formula for calculating the first electricity consumption cost is: ； in, This represents the electricity price for the current period.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the second hydrogen revenue and second electricity consumption cost generated by the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation includes: The second hydrogen revenue generated when the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility responds to the automatic power generation control signal is expressed as... The formula for calculating the second hydrogen gain is: ； in, This is the peak-shaving operation point for the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility. For the research period, The efficiency of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility for converting hydrogen to electricity. Given the current hydrogen price, The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating units this time. The amplitude of the automatic generation control signal received by the combined generating unit from the dispatch center is positive when the system increases demand and negative when it decreases demand. and They satisfy the same probability distribution. It is a sign function, which is 1 when x>0 and -1 when x<0.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the second electricity consumption cost incurred by the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility when participating in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation includes: The first electricity consumption cost generated by the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility in response to the automatic power generation control signal is expressed as... The formula for calculating the second electricity consumption cost is: ； in, This represents the electricity price for the current period.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of combining the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility and the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility into a combined unit, and determining the frequency regulation compensation benefit of the combined unit, includes: The adjustment rate of the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility is set to 50% of the rated power corresponding to the first electrolytic hydrogen production facility, and the adjustment rate of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility is set to 10% of the rated power corresponding to the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility; The first electrolytic hydrogen production facility and the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility are combined to obtain a combined unit, and the frequency regulation performance index of the combined unit is as follows: ； in, The adjustment rate for the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. The adjustment rate for the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility, This refers to the rated power of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. This refers to the rated power of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility. The frequency regulation benefit generated by the combined generating unit in any response to the automatic generation control signal is: ； in, To adjust the mileage of the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility in response to automatic power generation control signals, and , This refers to the actual output adjustment of the system by the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. To adjust the mileage of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility in response to automatic power generation control signals, and , This refers to the actual output adjustment of the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility on the system. The unit's output adjustment is always positive, aiming to increase the system power. Therefore, when the system requires an upward adjustment... and All values ​​are positive. When the system requires a downward adjustment, and All are negative.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function is constructed based on the first-stage decision variables, the second-stage decision variables, and all costs incurred when the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities participate in grid peak shaving and frequency regulation as frequency regulation equipment, including: The initial function is constructed as follows: ； in, The number of target scenes. Indicates the target scenario. and The first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities adjust their mileage in response to automatic power generation control signals, respectively. Determine the peak-shaving operation points for the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities. For atypical scenarios within the target scenario, for any automatic power generation control signal, the formula for calculating the target function derived from the initial function is as follows: 。 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The set constraints include: Set the automatic generation control signal amplitude constraints, ramp constraints, equipment capacity constraints, and combined unit load tracking plan constraints respectively; The amplitude constraint condition for the automatic power generation control signal is: ； in, ; The climbing constraint is as follows: ； ； in, For the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility during the research period The maximum limits for either climbing or unloading within the specified range are all positive. For the second electrolysis hydrogen production facility during the research cycle The maximum climbing height within the area is a positive value; The device's own capacity constraint is as follows: ； ； in, This is the peak-shaving operation point for the first electrolysis hydrogen production facility. The peak-shaving operation point of the second electrolytic hydrogen production facility is the ratio of the minimum technical output value of the first and second electrolytic hydrogen production facilities to their rated power. The constraints of the combined unit load tracking plan are as follows: ； in, To contribute power to the power generation plan issued to the combined generating units.

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