Method of illuminating an object by inserting a device into the object

Abstract

The present application provides an insertion device, a method of illuminating inside an object. The insertion device is configured to have: an insertion portion that is inserted into the object; a tube that is inserted through the insertion portion, through which a liquid flows between one end side and the other end side; an illumination portion that has an illumination lens and a light emission portion, and that illuminates inside the object; and an insertion portion front end portion that has an illumination chamber and a flow path, and that is provided at a front end side of the insertion portion, the illumination chamber containing the illumination lens and housing the light emission portion, and the flow path allowing the liquid to flow between the one end side of the tube, the inside of the tube, and the inside of the illumination chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to insertion devices such as endoscopes and to illumination methods for illuminating the body of a subject using such insertion devices. Background Technology

[0002] Previously, endoscopes and other insertion devices have been widely used in fields such as medicine and industry. A typical endoscope is configured with an insertion part that is shaped like a long, thin tube and an insertion end portion (hereinafter referred to as the end portion) located at the front end of the insertion part. Furthermore, the end portion is equipped with, for example, a camera unit and an illumination unit.

[0003] In conventional endoscopes, a structure allows for the insertion of an insertion section into the body cavity of a subject (organism). Illumination from an illumination unit is directed towards the object being observed or treated (lesion, etc.), while an imaging unit acquires image data of the object. Furthermore, the acquired image data can be displayed on a display monitor. By using an endoscope in this way, desired objects within the body cavity can be observed, examined, or treated.

[0004] Furthermore, conventional endoscopes and other insertion devices are sometimes used in aquatic environments. Specifically, for example, in endoscopes used to observe or treat the inside of organs in the urinary system, the diameter of the insertion section is made extremely small. In addition, considering that they can be used in aquatic environments, such endoscopes are configured with a watertight structure.

[0005] Regarding conventional illumination units used in endoscopes and the like, illumination units that are configured with illumination lenses and illumination components (such as fiber optic cables) are generally practical. Various types of illumination units for endoscopes and the like have been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent No. 6281028.

[0006] The illumination unit disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6281028 is an illumination optical system for endoscopes and the like, suitable for use in underwater environments. This illumination unit is configured such that a front end portion (light emitting portion) of an optical fiber cable is inserted into a non-through hole formed in the front end portion (transparent resin component) of the endoscope. Here, an air layer is provided in the gap between the inner surface of the front end portion formed in the non-through hole and the front end face of the optical fiber cable.

[0007] Furthermore, in this type of lighting unit, the curved surface shapes of the inner surface of the front end and the outer surface of the front end were investigated. This resulted in a wider illumination range when the lighting light emitted from the front end of the optical fiber cable irradiates forward.

[0008] In this case, the air layer inside the non-through hole of the lighting unit described in the aforementioned publication, as well as the inner and outer surfaces of the front end, function as a lighting lens. In this structure, in order to ensure and maintain its function as a lighting lens, the interior of the non-through hole needs to be watertightly sealed with the front end into which the optical fiber cable is inserted.

[0009] On the other hand, miniaturization and narrowing of diameter are always required in insertion devices such as endoscopes. If miniaturization and narrowing of diameter are carried out in endoscopes, various structural components disposed inside the front end (such as fiber optic cables in the illumination unit) must also adopt miniaturized and narrowing structural components. In addition, the internal shape of the front end itself, which is equipped with these miniaturized and narrowing structural components, tends to become more complex.

[0010] On the other hand, conventional endoscopes and the like have multiple tubing inserted through their insertion section. These tubings include, for example, a water delivery tubing for introducing fluids such as saline solution into the body cavity from the outside. Alternatively, there is a suction tubing for aspirating fluids or other aspiration objects (fluids introduced into the body cavity, blood caused by bleeding, etc.) from within the body cavity and then aspirating them from the outside. Or, there is a treatment instrument insertion tubing for introducing a prescribed treatment instrument into a desired site within the body cavity (a site to be observed or treated, such as a lesion). Furthermore, these tubings in the insertion section are configured to serve several purposes. Summary of the Invention

[0011] An insertion device according to one aspect of the present invention comprises: an insertion part for inserting a subject; a conduit extending through the insertion part, through which liquid flows between one end and the other end of the conduit; an illumination part having an illumination lens and a light emitting part for illuminating the subject; and a front end portion of the insertion part disposed at the front end of the insertion part, having: an illumination chamber containing the illumination lens and housing the light emitting part; and a flow path for allowing the liquid to flow between one end of the conduit, inside the conduit, and inside the illumination chamber.

[0012] In one aspect of the illumination method for a subject, a liquid flows through a conduit between one end and the other end, the conduit being inserted into an insertion portion of the subject. At the front end of the insertion portion, the liquid flowing through the conduit flows into a flow path. The front end of the insertion portion is located at the front end of the insertion portion and has: an illumination chamber housing an illumination part having an illumination lens and a light emitting portion; and the flow path communicating with the one end of the conduit and the illumination chamber, filling the illumination chamber with the liquid, and emitting illumination light from the illumination part to illuminate the subject. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope system that includes an insertion device, i.e., an endoscope, according to various embodiments of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is an enlarged perspective view showing the main part of the front end of the insertion section in the endoscope of the insertion device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 From Figure 2 Observe the direction of the arrow [3] Figure 2 The top view of the front end obtained from the front part.

[0016] Figure 4 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of line [4]-[4].

[0017] Figure 5 This is an illustration of the function of illuminating the body cavity of the subject in the endoscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is an enlarged perspective view showing the main part of the front end of the insertion section in the endoscope of the insertion device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 The face shown by arrow [7] is cut across the surface. Figure 6 A sectional view of the front end.

[0020] Figure 8 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the insertion device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 9 It is cut out Figure 8 The area indicated by the arrow [9] is enlarged and the main part is shown in the enlarged sectional view.

[0022] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 11 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the insertion device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 12 It is along Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the

[12] -

[12] line.

[0025] Figure 13 This is an illustration of the function of illuminating the body cavity of the subject in the endoscope according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 14 This is a top view of the front end face of the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 15 It is along Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the

[15] -

[15] line.

[0028] Figure 16 From Figure 15 The arrow symbol

[16] indicates the top view when observing the side of the front end.

[0029] Figure 17 This is a side view showing a modified example of the flow path opening at the front end in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 18 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 19 This is a top view showing the front end face of the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 20 It is along Figure 19 A cross-sectional view of the

[20] -

[20] line.

[0033] Figure 21 It is cut out Figure 20 The area indicated by the arrow symbol

[21] is enlarged and the main part is enlarged in the cross-sectional view. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Generally, with the miniaturization and reduction in diameter of endoscopes, and with the miniaturization and reduction in diameter of the front end of the insertion section and the various structural components disposed at the front end, the difficulty of assembling endoscopes tends to gradually increase.

[0035] For example, when assembling fiber optic cables or similar components at the front end of the insertion section of an endoscope, it is obvious that the smaller the diameter of the fiber optic cable or similar component, the more difficult the assembly becomes. Furthermore, after assembling the fiber optic cable or similar component at a predetermined position at the front end, it is necessary to perform a watertight sealing operation on the front end portion relative to the outside. Therefore, operations such as applying adhesive are performed, but the narrower the gap, the more difficult it is to apply or inject the adhesive or similar component into the gap space. Thus, in conventional endoscopes, as miniaturization and diameter reduction progress, the increased assembly difficulty makes it possible and difficult to ensure, for example, the watertightness around the light emitting section in the illumination unit.

[0036] In conventional endoscopes, particularly those capable of irrigation or suction via tubing and used in underwater environments, miniaturization and smaller diameters have led to watertightness issues. If assembly problems prevent adequate watertightness, water may seep into the area around the light-emitting section of the illumination unit. Furthermore, water seepage around the light-emitting section of the illumination unit causes instability in the illumination's light distribution characteristics. This instability results in difficulties in effectively and efficiently illuminating the object being observed or handled.

[0037] According to the various embodiments of the present invention described below, a structure can be provided in which an endoscope or other insertion device capable of irrigation or suction through tubing and used in an aquatic environment does not need to consider the problem of difficulty in ensuring watertightness around the illumination unit due to miniaturization and narrow diameter. Furthermore, an endoscope or other insertion device that maintains consistently stable desired illumination light distribution characteristics can be provided and can be used in an aquatic environment can be provided. Additionally, an illumination method for illuminating the patient's body using this insertion device can be provided.

[0038] The present invention will now be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments. The accompanying drawings used in the following description are schematic; in order to represent each structural element to a degree that allows it to be identifiable in the drawings, the dimensional relationships of the components, scale, etc., are sometimes shown differently for each structural element. Therefore, in the present invention, the quantity, shape, size ratio, and relative positional relationships of the structural elements shown in the drawings are not limited to the illustrated manner.

[0039] Furthermore, in the various embodiments shown below, as examples of the insertion device of the present invention, an endoscope is illustrated for use when the interior of the organs of the urinary system is to be observed or treated. Specifically, the endoscopes of each embodiment are, for example, examples of endoscopes envisioned to be formed with an extremely small diameter and primarily used in an aquatic environment.

[0040] First, the following uses Figure 1 This describes the overall general structure of an endoscope system that includes the insertion device, i.e., an endoscope, according to various embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope system that includes an insertion device, i.e., an endoscope, according to various embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the endoscope system 1 is configured to include an endoscope 2, an illumination source-integrated video processor (hereinafter referred to as video processor) 3 containing a light source device and an endoscope image processing device, a display device 4, a water supply and suction pump 5, etc.

[0042] The endoscope 2 consists of an insertion part 6, an operating part 7, and a universal flexible cable 8, which are roughly elongated tubes.

[0043] Insertion section 6 is a structural part that is inserted into the body cavity of the subject. Insertion section 6 is flexible as a whole and is a structural component formed into a generally slender tube shape. Inside insertion section 6, in addition to signal transmission cables, fiber optic cables, etc. (not shown), multiple tubes (such as treatment instrument insertion channels and suction tubes, water supply tubes, etc., which will be described in detail later) are also assembled along the long axis from the base end to the front end.

[0044] The insertion section 6 is formed by sequentially connecting a front end portion 9, a bent portion 10, and a flexible tube portion 11, which serve as the front end of the insertion section, starting from the front end side. A camera unit (not shown), an illumination unit, etc., are disposed inside the front end portion 9. Therefore, on the front end surface of the front end portion 9 of the insertion section 6, for example as described later... Figure 2 As shown, it is equipped with an observation window 21, a lighting window 22, a water supply opening 23, a channel opening 24, etc. (details will be described later).

[0045] The bending portion 10 is configured to bend freely when operated by the operating component of the operating portion 7. The flexible tube portion 11 is a structural component formed into a long, thin tube shape with flexibility. The operating portion 7 is connected to the base end of the flexible tube portion 11.

[0046] The operating unit 7 is configured to include an operating unit body, multiple operating components, and a clamping jaw 12. The operating unit body is generally box-shaped and forms a gripping part. As described above, an insertion part 6 extends from the operating unit body. The multiple operating components are operating components for performing various operations on the endoscope 2. These multiple operating components are provided at predetermined positions on the outer surface of the operating unit body.

[0047] The forceps opening 12 is located at a predetermined position on the main body of the operating section 7. The forceps opening 12 serves as an insertion channel and suction tube for inserting a predetermined treatment instrument (not shown) made of a slender tube shape into the insertion section 6 of the endoscope 2. Figure 1 The symbol 34 (details to be described later) indicates the opening at the base.

[0048] The universal flexible cable 8 is a tubular component extending from the side of the operation section 7. An endoscope connector 13 is provided at the front end of the universal flexible cable 8. The endoscope connector 13 is connected to the video processor 3. Furthermore, an optical cable 14 branches off from and extends from the endoscope connector 13. An optical connector 15 is provided at the front end of the optical cable 14. The optical connector 15 is also connected to the video processor 3.

[0049] Here, as described above, the video processor 3 is configured as an illumination source-integrated video processor that includes a light source device and an endoscope image processing device.

[0050] The light source device built into the video processor 3 is an illumination unit located inside the front end 9 of the insertion part 6 of the endoscope 2. Figure 1 (Not shown) A device for supplying illumination light. The illumination light emitted from the light source device of the video processor 3 passes through an optical fiber cable, etc., which is arranged from the optical connector 15 through the optical cable 14, the endoscope connector 13, the universal flexible cord 8, the operation part 7, and the insertion part 6. Figure 1 Not shown in the image, please refer to the diagram. Figure 4 The illumination light (symbol 32, details to be described later) is transmitted to the illumination unit at the front end 9 of the insertion section 6 of the endoscope 2. Furthermore, this illumination light passes through the illumination window 22 (see reference 32) provided on the front surface of the front end 9. Figure 2 Illuminate the object to be observed or handled in front of the front end 9.

[0051] Furthermore, the video processor 3 is a control device for controlling the entire endoscope system 1. The video processor 3 also has a processing device for appropriately processing the endoscopic images acquired by the camera unit of the endoscope 2. Therefore, the video processor 3 includes a signal processing circuit that receives and performs prescribed signal processing on the camera signal received from the camera unit (not shown), which is located inside the front end portion 9 of the insertion section 6 of the endoscope 2. Additionally, the video processor 3 also includes a control processing circuit that outputs control signals to drive the camera unit.

[0052] The video processor 3 and the camera unit are electrically connected via a signal transmission cable (not shown). This signal transmission cable is arranged from the endoscope connector 13 through the universal flexible cable 8, the operating section 7, and the front end 9 of the insertion section 6. According to this structure, camera signals output from the camera unit and control signals output from the video processor 3 are transmitted between the camera unit and the video processor 3 via the signal transmission cable. Alternatively, a composite cable, in which multiple cables are bundled together and covered with an outer shield or tubing, can be used as an example of a signal transmission cable.

[0053] In addition, a video cable (not shown) connects the video processor 3 and the display device 4. This video cable transmits image signals, control signals, etc., output from the video processor 3 to the display device 4.

[0054] The display device 4 receives image signals and control signals output from the video processor 3, and displays endoscopic images and various information in a prescribed manner based on the display mode corresponding to the received control signals.

[0055] The water delivery and suction pump 5 is a pumping device that includes a water delivery pump for irrigation and a suction pump for suction. This water delivery and suction pump 5 is a device that forcibly circulates fluid between the body cavity and the outside. Therefore, the water delivery and suction pump 5 is disposed at each end (the other end) of the water delivery line (the first line described later) and the suction line (the second line described later). Furthermore, the water delivery and suction pump 5 is connected to the operation unit 7 via the water delivery pipe and the suction pipe 5a. Additionally, the water delivery pump is used to deliver fluids such as physiological saline through the water delivery line (in the insertion part 6) of the water delivery line (in... Figure 1 (Not shown in the figure, details to follow) A pump device for forcibly inserting perfusion into the body cavity.

[0056] Additionally, the suction pump is used to draw fluid or other aspirated material from the body cavity (fluid delivered into the body cavity, blood caused by bleeding, etc.) through the insertion channel of the treatment device in the insertion part 6, which also serves as a suction tube (see reference). Figure 1 (symbol 34, details to follow) is a suction pump device used to draw fluid from inside the body cavity to the outside. The other structures in the endoscope system 1 are largely the same as those in conventional endoscope systems.

[0057] The following describes in detail the various embodiments of the endoscope included in the endoscope system 1 configured in this way.

[0058] Figure 2 This is an enlarged perspective view showing the main part of the front end of the insertion section in the endoscope of the insertion device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 From Figure 2 Observe the direction of the arrow [3] Figure 2 The top view of the front end obtained from the front part. Figure 4 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of line [4]-[4].

[0059] As mentioned above, in addition, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the front end portion 9 is provided with an observation window 21, an illumination window 22, a water supply opening 23, and a channel opening 24. Furthermore, the front end portion 9 is formed using a resin material such as polysulfone resin (hereinafter referred to as PSU resin). At least a portion of the front end portion 9 (e.g., the portion where the observation window 21 and illumination window 22 are disposed) is made transparent.

[0060] The observation window 21 is a light-transmitting optical component that forms part of the observation optical system (not shown). The observation optical system is a structural component that functions to form an optical image of an object being observed or handled. Although not shown in the figure, an imaging unit containing an imaging element and its driving circuit, signal processing circuit, etc., is located behind the observation optical system.

[0061] The illumination window 22 is a light-transmitting optical component that forms part of the illumination unit. Here, the illumination unit is an illumination section that illuminates an object being observed or handled within a body cavity. The illumination unit is configured to include an illumination lens and a light-emitting section, etc. Further details regarding the illumination lens and light-emitting section, etc., within the illumination unit will be described later.

[0062] Illumination window 22 is an optical component that forms part of an illumination lens, which allows light from the video processor 3 to pass through fiber optic cable 32 (see reference). Figure 4 Illumination light transmitted to the front end of the insertion part 6 passes through and illuminates the object being observed or handled in front of the front end 9. Therefore, the illumination window 22 has a shape such as a plano-concave lens, which has the function of magnifying light. In other words, the illumination window 22 is formed with a curved surface with a predetermined curvature on the inner surface side.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, a light guide component, namely an optical fiber cable 32, is provided behind the illumination window 22 to guide the illumination light from the optical device. Therefore, the front end portion 9 has an opening facing the base end face of the front end portion 9, and a non-through hole 9a extending toward the front end side is formed in the long axis direction of the front end portion 9.

[0064] Here, as described above, the fiber optic cable 32 is configured to pass through the insertion part 6, the operation part 7, the universal flexible cable 8, the endoscope connector 13, the optical cable 14, and the optical connector 15, and to pass through the light source device of the video processor 3 from the front end 9. In the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, the diameter D1 of the fiber optic cable 32 (refer to...) Figure 4 For example, use a diameter of about 0.25mm.

[0065] The fiber optic cable 32 is configured with a portion of its front end inserted into the non-through hole 9a. At this time, as... Figure 4 As shown, a gap 9c is provided between the side surface of the optical fiber cable 32 and the inner surface of the side of the non-through hole 9a.

[0066] Furthermore, with a portion of the front end of the fiber optic cable 32 inserted into the non-through hole 9a, the opening at the base end of the non-through hole 9a is sealed watertight for example using an adhesive or the like (see reference). Figure 4 wait).

[0067] Furthermore, with a portion of the front end of the fiber optic cable 32 inserted into the non-through hole 9a, the front end face 32a of the fiber optic cable 32 is positioned opposite the inner surface (concave surface) of the illumination window 22. Here, the defined area on the front end side of the fiber optic cable 32, including the front end face 32a, is referred to as the light emission portion 32x. Specifically, the light emission portion 32x refers to the portion of the front end side of the fiber optic cable 32 inserted into the non-through hole 9a (see reference). Figure 4 ).

[0068] In this configuration, with a portion of the front end of the fiber optic cable 32 inserted into the non-through hole 9a, a gap 9b of a predetermined width is formed between the front end face 32a of the fiber optic cable 32 and the inner surface (concave surface) of the illumination window 22. According to this structure, illumination light emitted from the front end face 32a of the fiber optic cable 32 enters the inner surface of the illumination window 22 through the gap 9b.

[0069] Furthermore, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, the gaps 9b and 9c are filled with a liquid such as saline solution when the endoscope 2 is used, as detailed later. In this case, the gap 9b functions as part of the illumination lens by being filled with liquid. Therefore, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, the illumination lens is formed by the illumination window 22 and the gap 9b filled with liquid.

[0070] Furthermore, the internal space of the non-through hole 9a in the front end portion 9 includes a gap 9b that functions as part of the illumination lens, thus becoming a space for housing the light emitting portion 32x. Therefore, in the following description, this space will be referred to as the illumination chamber. Moreover, as described above, the illumination chamber (the internal space of the non-through hole 9a) in the front end portion 9 is formed with an adhesive or the like 9s to create a watertight structure that is watertight against the external surface of the light emitting portion 32x on the base side.

[0071] In addition, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, a structural example is shown where the illumination windows 22 are respectively provided at positions that are substantially opposite each other across the observation window 21.

[0072] Water inlet 23 is the first pipe inserted into the insertion part 6, i.e., the water supply pipe (in Figure 1 Not shown in the image, please refer to the diagram. Figure 4 The symbol 33) is the front opening. Here, the water supply pipe extends rearward from the water supply opening 23 and is formed into a tubular structure. Moreover, this water supply pipe is a flow path for perfusion of externally supplied saline or other liquids toward the front end 9 of the insertion part 6.

[0073] That is, at the front end 9, a water supply passage through hole 9d is formed behind the water supply opening 23, forming part of the water supply pipeline. The front end of the water supply pipe 33, which is a tubular component, is fixed to the base end side of the water supply passage through hole 9d. In this case, the water supply pipe 33 is fixed to the front end 9 using an adhesive or the like.

[0074] Although the illustration is omitted here, the water supply pipe 33 is configured to penetrate the insertion part 6 and the operation part 7. With this structure, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, the water supply pipe is formed by the water supply passage hole 9d at the front end 9 and the water supply pipe 33.

[0075] In other words, the water delivery tube in endoscope 2 is a tube that extends through the insertion part 6. When endoscope 2 is used and the insertion part 6 is inserted into the body cavity of the subject, this water delivery tube functions as a tube that allows fluids such as saline solution to flow between one end of the tube and the other end of the tube. Specifically, when endoscope 2 is used and the insertion part 6 is inserted into the body cavity of the subject, the water delivery tube functions as a tube that allows fluids such as saline solution to flow between the interior of the subject at the front end of the tube and the exterior of the insertion part 6 at the base end of the tube (water pump).

[0076] In other words, when using the endoscope 2, when the insertion part 6 is inserted into the body cavity of the subject, the water delivery tube functions as a first tube that allows liquids such as saline to flow from the part with the tube on the other end side (the base end side of the tube) (the part outside the insertion part 6 and reaching the water delivery pump) toward the part with the tube on the one end side (the front end side of the tube) (the inside of the subject).

[0077] The channel opening 24 is the front end opening of the instrument insertion channel and also serves as the front end opening of the suction tube. Here, the instrument insertion channel is a tube through which a prescribed instrument (not shown) is inserted from the outside of the insertion part 6 toward the inside of the subject. The suction tube is used to aspirate the object within the body cavity and remove it to the outside. That is, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, it is configured as a single tube serving as both the instrument insertion channel and the suction tube. Therefore, in the following description, this instrument insertion channel / suction tube (see reference...) will be referred to as... Figure 1 The symbol 34) is simply referred to as the suction line. This suction line is configured as a second line, different from the first line (water supply line) described above.

[0078] In short, the suction tube in the endoscope 2 is a tube that extends through the insertion part 6. When using the endoscope 2, when the insertion part 6 is inserted into the body cavity of the subject, the suction tube functions as a tube that allows the suction object, such as liquid, to flow between the part with the tube (the front end of the tube) (inside the subject) and the part with the tube (the base end of the tube) (outside the insertion part 6 and reaching the suction pump).

[0079] In other words, when using the endoscope 2, with the insertion part 6 inserted into the body cavity of the subject, the suction tube functions as a tube that allows the aspirated object, such as liquid, to flow from the portion with the tube (the front end of the tube) (inside the subject) to the portion with the tube (the base end of the tube) (outside the insertion part 6 and reaching the suction pump). This suction tube is configured as a second tube, different from the first tube (water delivery tube). Furthermore, this second tube is formed with an inner diameter larger than that of the first tube (water delivery tube).

[0080] A suction pipe extends behind the channel opening 24. This suction pipe is roughly the same as the water supply pipe described above, and is configured to penetrate the insertion part 6 and the operation part 7. Furthermore, the suction pipe branches inside the operation part 7 into a pipe connected to the clamp mouth 12 and a pipe connected to the connection opening (not shown) of the suction pipe.

[0081] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the suction conduit is not directly related to the present invention, therefore its illustration is omitted and further description is omitted. However, through the fourth embodiment described later... Figure 12 The diagrams and detailed descriptions will be provided.

[0082] Furthermore, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, a flow path 9x is formed at a predetermined location inside the front end portion 9. This flow path 9x is a flow path that allows liquid to flow between the water supply opening 23, the water supply pipe (water supply through hole 9d), and the illumination chamber (the internal space of the non-through hole 9a). The water supply opening 23 is located at one end side (front end side) of the water supply through hole 9d, which forms part of the water supply pipe.

[0083] In other words, the flow path 9x is formed inside the front end portion 9 as a passageway for liquid flow, connecting the water supply through hole 9d (water supply pipe) and the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a). According to this structure, the flow path 9x has the function of allowing liquid to flow within the illumination chamber (particularly within the gap 9b, which functions as part of the illumination lens). Furthermore, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, the flow path 9x is configured to connect only to the water supply pipe (first pipe) inside the front end portion 9.

[0084] In this case, the flow path 9x is preferably disposed in a region within 3 mm along the length axis of the front end portion 9 from the illumination lens (inner surface of illumination window 22) (see reference). Figure 4 The symbol A). Here, for Figure 4 The area indicated by the symbol A is, for example, called the flow path area. The reason for setting the flow path area A to within 3 mm is as follows: that is, if the flow path area A is set in an area exceeding 3 mm, it may be impossible to reliably introduce liquid into the illumination chamber, especially the gap 9b portion.

[0085] Furthermore, a tapered portion 9y is provided at a predetermined position at the boundary between the flow path 9x and the water supply pipe (first pipe). This tapered portion 9y is located near the boundary where the flow path 9x connects to the front end of the water supply pipe 33 that forms the water supply pipe (first pipe). That is, the tapered portion 9y is formed near the base end of the flow path region A.

[0086] Here, the tapered portion 9y is formed to slope the water delivery pipe from the base end side toward the front end side. By forming the tapered portion 9y in this way, a portion of the water delivery pipe becomes part of the flow path 9x. Furthermore, according to this structure, the tapered portion 9y alters the flow path of a portion of the liquid flowing toward the front end side within the water delivery pipe, allowing the liquid to easily flow into the flow path 9x. In this case, the tapered portion 9y functions as a flow path alteration section. Thus, by providing the tapered portion 9y, a structure is formed in which the liquid flowing in the water delivery pipe flows more easily on the upstream side of the pipe than on the downstream side.

[0087] The following explains the function of the endoscope 2, the insertion device of the first embodiment described above, when used to illuminate the body cavity of the subject. Furthermore, Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the function of illuminating the body cavity of a subject in the endoscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Here, Figure 5 The cross-section of the anterior end is shown in its position within the body cavity.

[0088] First, following standard procedures, the insertion part 6 of the endoscope 2 is inserted into the body cavity of the subject (not shown). Then, the tip 9 of the insertion part 6 is positioned near the desired site of observation or treatment (not shown). When the tip 9 of the insertion part 6 reaches the vicinity of the site of observation or treatment, the water pump in the water delivery and suction pump 5 is activated. The water delivery and suction pump 5 then begins to perfuse fluids such as saline solution into the body cavity of the subject through the water delivery tubing from outside the insertion part 6. Figure 5 In the image, the arrow symbol W conceptually indicates the direction of fluid flow in the water supply line toward the body cavity.

[0089] At this time, when the liquid flowing towards the front end in the water supply pipe reaches the front end 9, a portion flows into the body cavity from the water supply opening 23 on the front end face. Figure 5 In the diagram, arrow symbol W1 conceptually indicates the flow direction of liquid ejected from water inlet 23 into the body cavity. Additionally, Figure 5 The symbol U indicates that the body cavity is filled with liquid flowing into the body cavity from the water inlet 23.

[0090] Additionally, at this time, another portion of the liquid reaching the front end 9 flows into the flow path 9x. Figure 5 In the diagram, the arrow symbol W2 conceptually indicates the direction of liquid flow into flow path 9x.

[0091] Next, the liquid flowing into the flow path 9x flows into the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a). Figure 5 In the diagram, arrow symbol W3 conceptually indicates the flow direction of the liquid flowing from flow path 9x into the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a). Thus, the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a) is filled with this liquid.

[0092] After the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a) is filled with liquid, the light source device of the video processor 3 is operated to activate the illumination unit. Illumination light is then emitted from the light source device. This illumination light reaches the illumination unit via the fiber optic cable 32. Furthermore, this illumination light is emitted forward from the front end face 32a of the light emitting section 32x. At this time, the illumination light passes through the gap 9b (illumination lens) and the illumination window 22, emitting forward at the front end 9. Thus, the illumination light illuminates the object being observed or treated within the body cavity of the subject. Figure 5 The symbol L conceptually represents the illumination range of the illumination light emitted from the front end face 32a of the light emitting part 32x and passing through the illumination lens (the gap 9b filled with liquid and the illumination window 22) to illuminate the front of the front end 9.

[0093] In this case, the shape of the illumination lens (the curvature of the inner surface of the illumination window 22) is set such that the highest light distribution characteristics are exhibited when the refractive index of the medium (liquid such as saline) filling the gap 9b (part of the illumination lens) is 1.33 and the refractive index of the material of the illumination window 22 (part of the illumination lens) is 1.63.

[0094] As described above, according to the first embodiment, the endoscope 2, which is capable of irrigation or suction through a pipe and is used in an underwater environment, is provided with a flow path 9x that allows liquid to flow through a water supply pipe and an illumination chamber.

[0095] According to this structure, during water supply, a portion of the liquid flowing from the front end 9 through the water supply pipe is sprayed forward of the front end 9. Simultaneously, a portion of this liquid flows into the flow path 9x, filling the gap 9b within the lighting chamber. In this case, the gap 9b remains constantly filled with fresh liquid during water supply. Furthermore, since a tapered portion 9y is provided at a predetermined position at the boundary between the flow path 9x and the water supply pipe, liquid flowing from the water supply pipe can be smoothly introduced into the flow path 9x.

[0096] Thus, in the endoscope 2 of the first embodiment, by actively introducing liquid into the gap 9b portion of the illumination chamber, a structure is achieved in which the gap 9b and the illumination window 22 function as illumination lenses. Furthermore, it is configured to exhibit appropriate light distribution characteristics when a predetermined amount of liquid is introduced into the gap 9b.

[0097] Therefore, in endoscope 2 used in underwater environments, there is no need to consider the problem of ensuring watertightness caused by miniaturization and narrow diameter. Moreover, with the simple structure of the flow path 9x, stable and desirable illumination distribution characteristics can always be obtained.

[0098] Next, the endoscope of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 6 This is an enlarged perspective view showing the main part of the front end of the insertion section in the endoscope of the insertion device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 It is Figure 6 The face shown by arrow [7] is cut across the surface. Figure 6 A sectional view of the front end. Additionally, Figure 6 The cut surface of the face indicated by the arrow [7] is approximately equivalent to the cross surface along the [7]. Figure 3 The cross section of line [4]-[4].

[0099] The basic structure of the insertion portion (front portion 9A) of the endoscope in the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment described above. The difference in the second embodiment lies in the fact that the front portion 9A is composed of two parts. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same structures as in the first embodiment, and their descriptions are omitted. The different structures will be described below.

[0100] In the endoscope of the second embodiment, the anterior end portion 9A is composed of two parts: an anterior end cover 19a as a first anterior end portion and an anterior end body 19b as a second anterior end portion. These two parts (19a, 19b) are integrated in a manner connected along the long axis of the anterior end portion 9A. In this case, the two parts (19a, 19b) are watertightly bonded together.

[0101] A front end cover 19a is disposed in the front end portion 9A at the front end side. At least a portion of the front end cover 19a is made transparent. For example, the portion provided with the observation window 21 and the illumination window 22 is made transparent.

[0102] Furthermore, an illumination chamber is formed in the front end cover 19a. Here, the illumination chamber, like in the first embodiment described above, is a space that includes a gap 9b that functions as part of an illumination lens and houses the light-emitting portion 32x. In other words, the illumination chamber corresponds to the internal space of the non-through hole 9a.

[0103] Furthermore, the front end cover 19a has at least one integrally formed portion that functions as an illumination lens. Here, the portion that functions as an illumination lens corresponds to the portion between the illumination window 22 and the gap 9b. The front end cover 19a is formed, for example, using PSU resin.

[0104] Furthermore, a flow path 9Ax is formed on the front end cover 19a. This flow path 9Ax is the same as that in the first embodiment described above, and is a flow path that allows liquid to flow between the water delivery opening 23 on the front end side of the water delivery through hole 9d, which is part of the water delivery pipeline, the interior of the water delivery through hole 9d, and the lighting chamber (the interior space of the non-through hole 9a).

[0105] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the flow path 9Ax, inside the front end cover 19a, includes a cutout portion 9Az in addition to the flow path that connects the water supply pipe to the lighting chamber to allow liquid flow. This cutout portion 9Az is formed in a shape that expands a portion of the water supply pipe through hole 9d, which is part of the water supply pipe. This cutout portion 9Az is a flow path alteration portion provided instead of the tapered portion 9y in the first embodiment described above. With this structure, the cutout portion 9Az alters the flow path of a portion of the liquid flowing towards the front end in the water supply pipe, making it easier for the liquid to flow into the flow path 9Ax.

[0106] The front end body 19b is connected to the front end cover 19a (first front end) and is disposed on the base end side of the front end 9A. The front end body 19b is composed of a component separate from the front end cover 19a (first front end). The front end body 19b is formed, for example, from a resin material. An optical fiber cable 32 and a water supply pipe 33 are inserted and disposed in the front end body 19b. Therefore, through holes for these tubular components to be inserted are formed on the front end body 19b along the axial direction of the front end 9. In addition, a camera unit (not shown) is disposed on the front end body 19b.

[0107] Furthermore, the front end body 19b has a watertight structure at a position near the base end of the light emitting portion 32x, which partially watertightens the space between the front end body 19b and the illumination chamber, i.e., the gap 9c. Therefore, the opening portion at the base end of the non-through hole 9a is watertightly sealed, for example, using an adhesive or the like. The other structures and functions of the front end 9A are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment described above.

[0108] As explained above, the second embodiment achieves the same function and effect as the first embodiment. Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, since the front end portion 9A is composed of two parts (19a, 19b), the flow path 9Ax and the flow path changing portion 9Az can be formed more easily during the manufacturing process.

[0109] In the second embodiment, the front end portion 9A is configured with two components (19a, 19b), which are watertightly bonded together. In this case, the water supply pipe 33 can be bonded to both sides while still inserted through a through hole in the front end body 19b (the second front end portion). This structure allows for more reliable fixation of the water supply pipe 33 to the front end portion 9A. Furthermore, a watertight structure around the water supply pipe 33 can be more easily achieved. Moreover, a watertight structure of the lighting chamber can be easily formed simply by watertightly sealing the opening on the base side of the non-through hole 9a (the base side of the lighting chamber). Therefore, this structure simplifies the manufacturing process and thus helps reduce manufacturing costs.

[0110] Next, the endoscope of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 8 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front end of the insertion section in the endoscope, an insertion device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Additionally, Figure 8 Similar to the first embodiment, roughly equivalent to along Figure 3 The cross section of line [4]-[4]. Figure 9 It is cut out Figure 8 The area indicated by the arrow symbol [9] is enlarged and the main part is enlarged in the cross-sectional view.

[0111] The basic structure of the insertion portion (front portion 9B) of the endoscope in the third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment described above. However, in the third embodiment, the shape of the portion within the illumination chamber formed inside the front portion 9B that functions as an illumination lens differs. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used to denote structures identical to those in the first embodiment, and their descriptions are omitted. The different structures will be described below.

[0112] In the endoscope of the third embodiment, the front end 9B is configured to illuminate the portion of the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9Ba) that includes the gap 9Bb and corresponds to the flow path 9x. Figure 9 The diameter of the flow path region (represented by symbol A1) is expanded relative to the first embodiment.

[0113] Specifically, the radius (referring to) in the flow path region A1 within the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9Ba) Figure 9 The symbol R1 is set to be more than twice the diameter D1 of the fiber optic cable 32 (R1≥D1x2).

[0114] Additionally, in this case, the diameter of the region near the base end of the flow path area A1 in the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9Ba) is (refer to...) Figure 9 The symbol R2 is set to be smaller than the diameter R1 of the flow path region A1 (R1 > R2). Other structures and functions are generally the same as in the first embodiment described above.

[0115] As explained above, the third embodiment achieves the same effects as the first embodiment. Furthermore, the third embodiment increases the diameter of the gap 9Bb within the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9Ba). This allows for a larger diameter of the illumination window 22B and a larger radius of curvature of the concave surface formed on the inner surface. A larger radius of curvature of the inner surface (concave surface) of the illumination window 22B results in greater freedom in the light distribution characteristics. Therefore, illumination light distribution characteristics capable of illuminating a wider range can be obtained (see reference). Figure 9 The symbol L1).

[0116] Furthermore, since the diameter R2 of the base-end region is set to be smaller than the diameter R1 of the flow path region A1 (R1 > R2), the ease of forming the watertight structure is not compromised. Therefore, the watertight structure of the lighting chamber can be reliably ensured.

[0117] Furthermore, the structure of the front end of the third embodiment described above can also be applied to the front end of the second embodiment described above. Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the third embodiment of the present invention. That is, Figure 10 The cross section representing the front end of the modified example of the third embodiment is equivalent to Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 A sectional view.

[0118] Figure 10 The variation shown is an example of applying a structure (expanded illumination chamber) that is substantially the same as the front end of the third embodiment described above to the structure (front end composed of two parts) of the front end of the second embodiment described above.

[0119] like Figure 10 As shown, the front end portion 9C of this modified example is composed of two parts: a front end cover 19Ca, which is the first front end portion, and a front end body 19b, which is the second front end portion. These two parts (19Ca, 19b) are watertightly connected in the long axis direction of the front end portion 9C.

[0120] The diameter of the flow path region A3 of the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9Ca) formed in the front end cover 19Ca is set to be expanded in the same way as in the third embodiment. Specifically, the radius R3 of the flow path region A3 of the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9Ca) is set to be more than twice the diameter D1 of the optical fiber cable 32 (R3≥D1x2). Other structures and functions are substantially the same as in the second embodiment described above.

[0121] According to a variation of this structure, by forming the front end 9C with two components (19Ca, 19b), the same effect as the second embodiment described above can be obtained. At the same time, by expanding the structure of the illumination chamber, the same effect as the third embodiment described above can also be obtained.

[0122] In the first to third embodiments described above, a structural example is shown where a flow path is provided at the front end to allow liquid flow between the water supply pipe and the lighting chamber. In the fourth embodiment shown below, a structure is illustrated where a flow path is provided between the suction pipe and the lighting chamber instead of a water supply pipe to allow liquid flow at the front end.

[0123] The following uses Figures 11-13 The endoscope of the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 11 This is a top view of the front end face of the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 It is along Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of lines

[12] to

[12] . Figure 13 This diagram illustrates the function of illuminating the body cavity of a subject in the endoscope according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Here, Figure 13 The cross-section of the anterior end is shown in its position within the body cavity.

[0124] The basic structure of the insertion portion front end (front end 9D) in the endoscope of the fourth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment described above. In the fourth embodiment, the arrangement of the flow path 9Dx formed inside the front end 9D is different. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used to denote structures identical to those in the first embodiment, and their descriptions are omitted. The different structures will be described below.

[0125] like Figure 11As shown, the endoscope in the fourth embodiment has an observation window 21, an illumination window 22, a water supply opening 23, and a channel opening 24 on its front end face. The observation window 21, the illumination window 22, and the water supply opening 23 have the same structure as those in the first embodiment.

[0126] Furthermore, the channel opening 24 serves as both the front end opening of the instrument insertion channel and the front end opening of the suction tube, similar to the first embodiment described above. That is, in the endoscope of the fourth embodiment, the instrument insertion channel and the suction tube are also combined into a single tube. Moreover, this suction tube is configured as a second tube, distinct from the water supply tube (first tube).

[0127] Here, the suction tube extends rearward from the channel opening 24 and forms a tubular structure. This suction tube is a flow path that draws fluid from the body cavity to the outside of the insertion part when the endoscope is inserted into the body cavity of the subject.

[0128] That is, at the front end 9D, a suction path through hole 9e, which forms part of the suction conduit, is formed behind the channel opening 24. The front end of a treatment device insertion channel and suction tube 34 (hereinafter simply referred to as the suction tube), which is a tubular component and forms part of the suction conduit, is fixed to the base end of this suction path through hole 9e. In this case, the suction tube 34 is fixed to the front end 9D using an adhesive or the like.

[0129] Furthermore, although the illustration is omitted, the suction tube 34 is configured to penetrate the insertion part and the operation part. With this structure, in the endoscope of the fourth embodiment, a suction channel is formed by the suction path through hole 9e at the front end 9D and the suction tube 34. Moreover, the inner diameter of this suction channel (second channel) is formed to be larger than the inner diameter of the water supply channel (first channel).

[0130] Additionally, a flow path 9Dx is formed at a designated location inside the front end 9D. This flow path 9Dx is a flow path that allows liquid to flow between the channel opening 24, the suction pipe (suction pipe through hole 9e), and the illumination chamber (the internal space of the non-through hole 9a). The channel opening 24 is located at one end (front end side) of the suction pipe through hole 9e, which forms part of the suction pipe.

[0131] In other words, the flow path 9Dx is formed inside the front end 9D as a passageway for liquid flow, connecting the suction passage through hole 9e (suction pipe) and the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a). According to this structure, the flow path 9Dx functions to allow liquid to flow through the gap 9b within the illumination chamber, particularly as part of the illumination lens, and the gap 9c within the illumination chamber. Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the flow path 9Dx is configured to connect only to the suction pipe (second pipe) inside the front end 9D.

[0132] In this case, the flow path 9Dx is configured in the same way as in the first embodiment described above, and is preferably disposed in the flow path region A4 within 3 mm along the length axis of the front end 9D from the illumination lens (inner surface of the illumination window 22).

[0133] Furthermore, a tapered portion 9Dy, serving as a flow path change section, is provided at a predetermined position at the boundary between the flow path 9Dx and the suction pipe (second pipe). This tapered portion 9Dy is located near the boundary where the flow path 9Dx connects to the suction path through hole 9e, which forms part of the suction pipe (second pipe). That is, the tapered portion 9Dy is formed near the front end of the flow path region A4.

[0134] Here, the tapered portion 9Dy is formed in an inclined manner that causes the suction conduit (suction path through hole 9e) to expand from the front end side toward the base end side. By forming the tapered portion 9Dy in this way, it becomes part of the suction conduit and enters the flow path 9Dx. Furthermore, according to this structure, the tapered portion 9Dy alters the flow path of a portion of the liquid flowing toward the base end side within the suction conduit, allowing the liquid to easily flow into the flow path 9Dx. Thus, by providing the tapered portion 9Dy, a structure is formed in which the liquid flowing in the suction conduit flows more easily on the upstream side of the conduit than on the downstream side.

[0135] Furthermore, in the flow path 9Dx of the fourth embodiment, a filter 35 is provided between the flow path and the suction path (suction path through hole 9e), which serves as a second conduit. This filter 35 prevents impurities, such as liquid in the body cavity or other suction objects, from entering the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a), particularly the gap 9b, during suction.

[0136] Furthermore, considering the presence of impurities in the target object such as liquid within the body cavity, the width T1 of the gap 9c in the illumination chamber (refer to...) Figure 12 The size is preferably set to 0.1 mm or less. Additionally, as impurities, for example, when observing or treating the interior of organs in the urinary system, fragments of broken stones may be considered.

[0137] With this setting, for example, when the diameter D1 of the fiber optic cable 32 is approximately 0.25 mm and the width T1 of the gap 9c is less than 0.1 mm, the diameter D2 of the non-through hole 9a (refer to...) Figure 12 The value is set to approximately 0.45mm.

[0138] The following uses Figure 13 The function of the insertion device, i.e., the endoscope, constructed in this way, in illuminating the body cavity of the subject is explained.

[0139] When the anterior endpiece 9D of the endoscope insertion section is located within the body cavity, the suction pump in the water supply and suction pump 5 is activated. The water supply and suction pump 5 then begins suction, drawing the fluid or other aspirable material from the body cavity out through the suction tubing towards the outside of the insertion section. This removes the fluid filling the body cavity (see reference). Figure 13 The symbol U) is drawn from the channel opening 24 toward the suction pipe. Figure 13 In the diagram, the symbol U indicates a body cavity filled with fluid. Additionally, in... Figure 13 In the diagram, arrow symbol W4 conceptually indicates the flow direction of the liquid or other attracted object from the channel opening 24 toward the suction tube flowing into the body cavity.

[0140] At this time, a portion of the liquid flowing from the channel opening 24 toward the suction line circulates in the suction line through the suction path through hole 9e at the front end 9D. Furthermore, a portion of this fluid is drawn out toward the suction pump outside the insertion section. Figure 13 In the diagram, arrow symbol W5 conceptually indicates the flow direction of liquid flowing through the suction line and being drawn out in the direction of the suction pump.

[0141] Additionally, at this time, another portion of the liquid flowing from the channel opening 24 toward the suction pipe flows into the flow path 9Dx. Figure 13 In the diagram, the arrow symbol W6 conceptually indicates the flow direction of the liquid flowing into flow path 9Dx.

[0142] Next, the liquid flowing into the flow path 9Dx flows into the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a). At this time, impurities contained in the object being attracted are prevented from flowing into the illumination chamber by the filter 35. Figure 13 In the diagram, arrow symbol W7 conceptually indicates the flow direction of the liquid flowing from flow path 9Dx into the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a). Thus, the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a) is filled with this liquid.

[0143] After the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a) is filled with liquid, the illumination unit is activated. Illumination light then shines forward from the front end face 32a of the light emitting section 32x. At this time, the illumination light passes through the gap 9b (illumination lens) and the illumination window 22, illuminating the object being observed or handled in front of the front end 9D. Figure 13 The symbol L2 conceptually represents the illumination range of the illumination light emitted from the front end face 32a of the light emitting section 32x and passing through the illumination lens (the gap 9b filled with liquid and the illumination window 22). Furthermore, the illumination light illuminates the front end 9D.

[0144] As explained above, according to the fourth embodiment described above, in an endoscope capable of irrigation or suction through a conduit and used in an underwater environment, a flow path 9Dx is provided to allow liquid to flow through a suction conduit and an illumination chamber. In this case, the same effects as in the first embodiment described above can also be achieved.

[0145] Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the flow path 9Dx is configured to connect with a suction pipe whose diameter is larger than that of the water supply pipe. This configuration increases the flow rate of the liquid flowing in the pipe, thus enabling more efficient introduction of liquid into the illumination chamber.

[0146] Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the presence of impurities contained in the suction object, such as liquid within the body cavity, is taken into consideration. Therefore, a filter 35 is configured to be provided in the flow path 9Dx between it and the suction pipe (suction path through hole 9e), which serves as a second pipe. Based on this structure, the width T1 of the gap 9c in the illumination chamber is set to be 0.1 mm or less.

[0147] These structures can suppress the inflow of impurities, such as liquids or other substances contained in the object being attracted, into the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a), particularly into the gap 9b, during suction.

[0148] Furthermore, in the above example, the filter 35 is provided in the flow path 9Dx, and the width T1 of the gap 9c in the illumination chamber is set to be 0.1 mm or less. However, the configuration is not limited to this structure, and it is also possible to use only one of the settings of the filter 35 and the width T1 of the gap 9c.

[0149] In the first to fourth embodiments described above, a structure is illustrated in which a flow path is provided at the front end to allow liquid flow between a water supply pipe or a suction pipe and an illumination chamber. In the fifth embodiment shown below, a structure is illustrated in which a flow path is provided between the outside of the insertion portion and the illumination chamber to allow liquid flow at the front end.

[0150] The following uses Figures 14-16 The endoscope according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 14 This is a top view of the front end face of the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 It is along Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the

[15] -

[15] line. Figure 16 From Figure 15 The arrow symbol

[16] indicates the top view when observing the side of the front end. Figure 17 This is a diagram showing a modified example of the flow path opening at the front end of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17 This variation is equivalent to Figure 16 Side view.

[0151] The basic structure of the insertion portion (front portion 9E) of the endoscope in the fifth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that in the embodiments described above. However, the shape of the flow path formed inside the front portion differs in the fifth embodiment. Therefore, structures identical to those in the embodiments described above are labeled with the same symbols and their descriptions are omitted; the different structures will be described below.

[0152] In the endoscopes of the above embodiments, a flow path is provided to allow liquid to flow through, connecting a water supply line or a suction line to the illumination chamber. Instead of this structure, the endoscope of the fifth embodiment differs in that it has a second flow path 9Ex at the anterior end portion 9E, connecting the outer surface of the anterior end portion 9E to the illumination chamber to allow liquid to flow. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the second flow path 9Ex connects the outer surface of the side of the front end 9E with the illumination chamber (non-through hole 9a).

[0153] Therefore, as Figure 16 As shown, a flow path opening 25a is formed at a predetermined location on the side of the front end portion 9E. This flow path opening 25a is, for example, as shown in... Figure 16 As shown, it is formed in a circular or elliptical shape. Furthermore, the shape of the flow path opening is not limited to... Figure 16 Examples. For example, such as Figure 17 As shown, it can also be configured as a rectangular flow path opening 25b.

[0154] Furthermore, in the fifth embodiment, the liquid within the body cavity is introduced into the illumination chamber. Therefore, it is also possible to consider the possibility that impurities contained in the liquid within the body cavity may mix into the illumination chamber (especially the gap 9b). As an example, the structure applied in the fourth embodiment described above is preferably used in the same way.

[0155] That is, it has a width (T1, ) that allows the gap 9c inside the lighting chamber to be filled. Figure 15 Not shown in the image, please refer to the diagram. Figure 12 The structure is set to 0.1 mm or less. Additionally, it has a structure in which a filter 35 is provided at a predetermined position between the flow path opening 25a (25b) and the illumination chamber in the second flow path 9Ex. Preferably, at least one of these structures is used.

[0156] In addition, the second flow path 9Ex and the flow path opening 25a (25b) are respectively provided with two light emission parts 32x.

[0157] Furthermore, for example, when bending the insertion part of the endoscope, a surface orthogonal to the direction of movement of the front end is provided. In this case, it is preferable to have a surface with the flow path opening 25a (25b) arranged parallel to this surface. With such a structure, when bending the endoscope, liquid can be actively introduced from the flow path opening 25a (25b) into the second flow path 9Ex.

[0158] That is, in Figure 15 In the diagram, arrow symbols UD1 and UD2 conceptually indicate the direction of movement of the front end during a bending operation. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the surface equipped with the flow path opening 25a (25b) is preferably set to be parallel to the surface that is orthogonal to the line connecting the arrow symbols UD1 and UD2.

[0159] As explained above, the same effects as the previous embodiments can be obtained according to the fifth embodiment. Furthermore, according to the fifth embodiment, even without water delivery or suction operations, liquid can be forcibly introduced into the illumination chamber simply by performing a bending operation, which is typically performed during use. Therefore, with a simple structure that only provides a second flow path 9Ex between the outer surface and the illumination chamber, stable and desired illumination light distribution characteristics can always be obtained.

[0160] Next, the endoscope according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 18 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0161] The basic structure of the insertion portion (front portion 9F) of the endoscope in the sixth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that in the fifth embodiment described above. However, the shape of the flow path formed inside the front portion 9F differs in the sixth embodiment. Therefore, structures identical to those in the above embodiments are labeled with the same symbols and their descriptions are omitted; the different structures will be described below.

[0162] In the endoscope of the sixth embodiment, the anterior end portion 9F is configured to have a flow path 9Dx as described in the fourth embodiment (see reference). Figure 13 The first flow path 9Fx1 has the same shape as the endoscope in the sixth embodiment. Furthermore, in the endoscope of the sixth embodiment, the front end portion 9F is configured to have the same shape as the second flow path 9Ex in the fifth embodiment described above (see reference). Figure 15 The second flow path 9Fx2 has the same shape.

[0163] Here, the first flow path 9Fx1 is a flow path that connects the suction pipe to the illumination chamber to allow liquids to flow. The second flow path 9Fx2 is a flow path that connects the outer surface of the front end 9F to the illumination chamber to allow liquids to flow.

[0164] Furthermore, the first flow path 9Fx is connected to the second flow path 9Fx2. In this case, the first flow path 9Fx1 and the second flow path 9Fx2 are formed with different cross-sectional areas.

[0165] Here, for example, when the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow path 9Fx2 is smaller than that of the first flow path 9Fx1, hydraulic pressure is applied to the first flow path 9Fx1 during suction by the liquid flowing into it from the suction pipe. Furthermore, here, for example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow path 9Fx1 refers to... Figure 18 The cross-sectional area of ​​the region indicated by the symbol CA1. Additionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow path 9Fx2 refers to... Figure 18 The cross-sectional area of ​​the region indicated by the symbol CA2. Therefore, it has the advantage of easily introducing liquid into the gap 9b.

[0166] On the other hand, consider a scenario where the cross-sectional area (CA2) of the second flow path 9Fx2 is larger than the cross-sectional area (CA1) of the first flow path 9Fx1 (CA1 < CA2). In this case, liquids flowing into the first flow path 9Fx1 from the suction pipe tend to flow easily from the first flow path 9Fx1 to the second flow path 9Fx2. This has the advantage that bubbles or the like generated in the liquid due to suction will not remain in the illumination chamber and will be easily discharged with the flow of liquid.

[0167] Furthermore, in both the first flow path 9Fx1 and the second flow path 9Fx2, it is preferable to ensure that the width of the gap 9c between the gap and the fiber optic cable 32 is 0.1 mm or more. This allows for the sufficient introduction of liquids, etc., into the illumination chamber.

[0168] In addition, in the first flow path 9Fx1, a filter 35 is provided between it and the suction pipe (suction path through hole 9e), similar to that in the fourth embodiment described above.

[0169] With this structure, in the sixth embodiment, during suction, a portion of the liquid or the like flowing from the channel opening 24 into the suction pipe flows into the first flow path 9Fx1. Furthermore, the gap 9b is filled with liquid or the like. Simultaneously, a further portion of the liquid or the like introduced from the channel opening 24 into the suction pipe during suction flows from the first flow path 9Fx1 through the illumination chamber (gap 9c) into the second flow path 9Fx2. Afterwards, the further portion of the aforementioned liquid or the like flows out from the flow path opening 25a towards the exterior of the forward end 9F.

[0170] On the other hand, when bending operations are performed, a portion of the liquid introduced from the flow path opening 25a into the second flow path 9Fx2 helps to fill the gap 9b. At the same time, another portion of the liquid flows from the second flow path 9Fx2 through the illumination chamber (gap 9c) into the first flow path 9Fx1, and then flows in the suction pipe.

[0171] As explained above, the sixth embodiment achieves the same effects as the other embodiments described above. Furthermore, according to the sixth embodiment, by providing the first flow path 9Fx1 and the second flow path 9Fx2, liquids and the like can flow between the interior and exterior of the front end 9F. With this structure, air bubbles and the like are not trapped in the gap 9b, and liquids and the like can be efficiently introduced into the gap 9b. Therefore, stable and desirable illumination light distribution characteristics can always be obtained.

[0172] Furthermore, liquids can flow between the interior and exterior of the front end 9F through the first flow path 9Fx1 and the second flow path 9Fx2. Therefore, the size of each flow path can be reduced. This contributes to the miniaturization of the front end and further miniaturization of the endoscope itself.

[0173] Furthermore, in the sixth embodiment described above, the first flow path 9Fx1 is configured to connect the suction pipe and the lighting chamber to allow liquid to flow, but this configuration is not limited to this structure. For example, as shown in the first embodiment, the first flow path can be configured to connect the water supply pipe and the lighting chamber to allow liquid to flow. Even with such a configuration, the same effect as in the sixth embodiment can be obtained.

[0174] Next, the following uses Figures 19-21 The endoscope of the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 19 This is a top view showing the front end face of the front end of the insertion part in the endoscope of the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 It is along Figure 19 A cross-sectional view of the

[20] -

[20] line. Figure 21 It is cut out Figure 20 The area indicated by the arrow symbol

[21] is enlarged, representing the main part of the enlarged sectional view. Figure 21 The illumination light that illuminates the body cavity of the subject in the endoscope of the seventh embodiment of the present invention is conceptually shown.

[0175] The basic structure of the insertion portion (front portion 9G) of the endoscope in the seventh embodiment of the present invention is largely the same as that in the first embodiment described above. In the seventh embodiment, the shape of the illumination window 22G provided on the front end face of the front portion 9G is slightly different. Therefore, structures identical to those in the first embodiment are labeled with the same symbols and their descriptions are omitted; the different structures will be described below.

[0176] In the endoscope of the seventh embodiment, the front end portion 9G is provided with an observation window 21, an illumination window 22G, a water supply opening 23, and a channel opening 24 on its front end face. Among them, the observation window 21, the illumination window 22G, and the water supply opening 23 have the same structure as those in the first embodiment described above.

[0177] On the other hand, the lighting window 22G differs in that it has a lighting window through-hole 22Gx formed in approximately the central region. This lighting window through-hole 22Gx connects the exterior of the front end face of the front end 9G with the interior of the lighting chamber 9Ga. Thus, the lighting window through-hole 22Gx functions as a third flow path allowing fluid to flow between the exterior of the front end 9G and the interior of the lighting chamber 9Ga.

[0178] In other words, an illumination window through-hole 22Gx is provided in the illumination window 22G, which is part of the illumination lens. The illumination window through-hole 22Gx is a third flow path for the liquid in the illumination chamber 9Ga to flow to the outside. In addition, the illumination window through-hole 22Gx is located in the light emitting part 32x opposite to the front end face 32a of the optical fiber cable 32.

[0179] Here, the illumination chamber 9Ga includes a gap 9b that functions as part of the illumination lens, and is a space that houses the light emitting portion 32x. In the first embodiment described above, the illumination chamber is defined as the internal space of a non-through hole 9a. Instead of this structure, in the seventh embodiment, the illumination chamber 9Ga is formed to pass through the front end portion 9G by providing an illumination window through hole 22Gx. In this respect, the structure of the seventh embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment described above. Other structures are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

[0180] In the seventh embodiment described above, the lighting window through-hole 22Gx, which serves as a third flow path, is provided in approximately the central region of the lighting window 22G. This structure allows the interior of the lighting channel to communicate with the exterior of the front end portion 9G. Furthermore, the interior of the lighting channel is connected via the flow path 9x.

[0181] Therefore, according to this structure, liquid flowing from the water supply pipe toward the front end flows into the illumination chamber 9Ga through the water supply through-hole 9d and the flow path 9x. In this way, a portion of the liquid flowing into the illumination chamber 9Ga fills the gap 9b, and a portion of this liquid flows out through the illumination window through-hole 22Gx toward the front end 9G. At this time, if liquid continues to flow from the water supply pipe, the gap 9b remains constantly filled with liquid. Furthermore, the liquid flowing from the flow path 9x through the illumination chamber 9Ga into the illumination window through-hole 22Gx is always flowing. Therefore, the liquid filling the gap 9b can always be a clean liquid.

[0182] Additionally, at this time, the illumination light emitted from the approximate central area (hereinafter referred to as the central illumination light) is emitted from the front end face 32a of the fiber optic cable 32 towards the front. (See reference) Figure 21 The central illumination light (L3) shines forward through the illumination window through-hole 22Gx. At this time, the central illumination light L3 passes through the liquid filling the gap 9b and the illumination window through-hole 22Gx. In this case, the liquid filling the gap 9b and the illumination window through-hole 22Gx is transparent and has a higher refractive index than air, thus refracting in the diffusion direction. Therefore, the central illumination light L3 passing through the liquid contributes to the light distribution in the peripheral direction.

[0183] On the other hand, the illumination light emitted from the peripheral area (hereinafter referred to as peripheral illumination light) is emitted from the illumination light illuminating the front end face 32a of the optical fiber cable 32 toward the front. Reference Figure 21 The light (symbol L4) shines forward through the peripheral area of ​​the inner surface (a curved surface with a specified radius of curvature) of the illumination window 22G. At this time, the peripheral illumination light L4 is refracted in the diffusion direction through the inner surface of the illumination window 22G. As a result, a wider illumination distribution can be obtained.

[0184] In view of this function, in order to obtain a wide illumination distribution, the through hole 22Gx of the illumination window is preferably set to about half the diameter of the illumination window 22.

[0185] As explained above, the same effects as the aforementioned embodiments can be obtained according to the seventh embodiment. Furthermore, according to the seventh embodiment, by providing an illumination window through-hole 22Gx in the illumination window 22G, a structure is created where liquid passes between the flow path 9x and the outside. With this structure, liquid can be efficiently introduced into the gap 9b while suppressing the retention of bubbles and the like. Therefore, stable and desirable illumination distribution characteristics can always be obtained.

[0186] The insertion device, i.e., the endoscope, shown in the above embodiments is preferably applied to, for example, a disposable endoscope that is processed after only one use. In this case, the structure itself is the same as in the above embodiments.

[0187] In the structures of the above embodiments, the internal structure of the front end tends to be complex due to the inclusion of a flow path connected to a conduit. However, if it is a disposable endoscope, even if the front end has a complex structure, it does not require precise sterilization and cleaning after use. Furthermore, since disposable endoscopes can be processed after use, they can always be used efficiently. In addition, the endoscopes in the above embodiments are not limited to conventional reusable endoscopes that can be reused.

[0188] As explained above, in each of the above embodiments, a flow path is provided to connect the pipe inserted inside the front end to the illumination chamber, allowing liquid to flow. This creates a structure that forces liquid to flow into the illumination chamber. This structure enables a portion of the illumination chamber (gap 9b) to function as part of the illumination lens. However, the present invention is not limited to the structural examples exemplified in the above embodiments.

[0189] For example, imagine a state where the illumination chamber is pre-filled with liquid, and this illumination chamber includes a gap 9b that functions as part of an illumination lens and a space that houses the light-emitting portion 32x. In this state, it is also possible to construct the illumination chamber as a sealed space.

[0190] That is, in the endoscope used as an insertion device, a liquid filled between the illumination lens and the light emitting part is provided inside the illumination chamber. The endoscope is configured to include: an insertion part that is inserted into the subject; an illumination part having the illumination lens and the light emitting part for illuminating the subject; and a front end of the insertion part having the illumination chamber containing the illumination lens and housing the light emitting part. With this structure, substantially the same effects as the embodiments described above can be obtained.

[0191] This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and applications can be implemented without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, the above embodiments include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted through appropriate combinations of the disclosed structural elements. For example, if the problem to be solved by the invention can be solved and the effect of the invention can be obtained even if several structural elements are deleted from all the structural elements shown in one of the above embodiments, then the structure with the deleted structural elements can also be extracted as an invention. Moreover, structural elements from different embodiments can be appropriately combined. This invention is not limited to its specific embodiments except as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An insertion device, wherein, The insertion device includes: The insertion part is inserted into the subject. A conduit is inserted into the insertion portion, through which liquid flows between one end and the other end of the conduit; An illumination section having an illumination lens and a light emitting section for illuminating the sample, the illumination lens including an illumination window, a gap existing between the illumination window and the front end of the light emitting section, the gap being for containing the liquid; and The insertion part front end is disposed on the front end side of the insertion part and has: an illumination chamber containing the illumination lens and housing the light emitting part; a flow path that allows the liquid to flow between one end of the pipe, the inside of the pipe and the inside of the illumination chamber; and a flow path changing part that changes the flow path toward the gap.

2. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The flow path allows the liquid to flow between the illumination lens and the light emitting section.

3. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, At least a portion of the front end cover is provided on the front end side of the insertion part. The illumination lens is integrally formed with the front end cover.

4. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The pipeline has at least the following features: A first conduit allows the liquid to flow from the outside of the insertion portion toward the inside of the subject; and A second conduit, different from the first conduit, allows the liquid to flow from inside the subject toward the outside of the insertion portion.

5. The insertion device according to claim 4, wherein, The inner diameter of the second pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the first pipe. The flow path is connected only to the second conduit within the front end of the insertion section.

6. The insertion device according to claim 5, wherein, A filter is provided between the flow path and the second pipeline.

7. The insertion device according to claim 5, wherein, The second conduit also serves as a channel for the treatment device to be inserted from the outside of the insertion part toward the inside of the subject.

8. The insertion device according to claim 4, wherein, The flow path is connected only to the first pipe at the front end of the insertion part, and a tapered part is provided at the boundary between the flow path and the first pipe, the tapered part being formed in a direction that causes the flow path to expand toward the front end.

9. The insertion device according to claim 4, wherein, A pump that forces the liquid to flow is connected to at least one of the other ends of the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

10. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The insertion portion includes: a first front end portion disposed on the front end side; and a second front end portion connected to the first front end portion and disposed on the base end side, which is composed of a component integral with the first front end portion. The illumination lens is disposed on the first front end side.

11. The insertion device according to claim 10, wherein, The flow path is located on the first front end side.

12. The insertion device according to claim 10, wherein, The second front end portion has a watertight structure at a position closer to the base end portion than the light emitting portion, which makes the second front end portion watertight with the inner surface of the illumination chamber.

13. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The front end of the insertion part has a watertight structure at a position closer to the base end than the light emitting part, which makes the front end of the insertion part watertight with the inner surface of the illumination chamber.

14. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The light emitting section includes the front end of an optical fiber cable that guides external illumination light. The gap between the inner surface of the lighting chamber and the side of the optical fiber cable is less than 0.1 mm.

15. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The front end of the insertion part also has a second flow path that connects the outer surface of the front end of the insertion part with the illumination chamber.

16. The insertion device according to claim 15, wherein, The flow path and the second flow path have different cross-sectional areas.

17. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The shape of the illumination lens of the illumination unit is set such that when the refractive index of the medium between the light emitting part and the illumination lens is 1.33 and the refractive index of the material of the illumination lens is 1.63, the illumination unit exhibits the highest light distribution characteristics.

18. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The flow path is configured such that, when the flow of the liquid from the pipe flows through the flow path, the upstream side of the pipe is more readily supplied with the liquid than the downstream side of the pipe.

19. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, In the illumination lens, a third flow path is provided at a position opposite to the front end of the light emitting part to allow the liquid in the illumination chamber to flow to the outside.

20. The insertion device according to claim 1, wherein, The insertion device is an endoscope or a disposable endoscope that is processed after only one use.

21. An insertion device comprising: The insertion part is inserted into the subject. An illumination section having an illumination lens and a light emitting section for illuminating the subject body, wherein the illumination lens includes an illumination window and there is a gap between the illumination window and the front end of the light emitting section, the gap being used to contain liquid; The insertion section has a front end portion having an illumination chamber that includes the illumination lens and houses the light emitting section, a flow path for the liquid to flow between one end of the pipe, the inside of the pipe, and the inside of the illumination chamber, and a flow path changing section that changes the flow path toward the gap; and The liquid is filled inside the illumination chamber between the illumination lens and the light emitting portion.

22. A method for illumination within a subject, wherein, This allows liquid to flow between one end and the other end of a tubing that is inserted into the insertion portion of the object being examined. At the front end of the insertion part, the liquid flowing in the pipeline flows into the flow path. The front end of the insertion part is provided at the front end side of the insertion part and has: an illumination chamber that houses an illumination part having an illumination lens and a light emitting part. The illumination lens includes an illumination window, and there is a gap between the illumination window and the front end of the light emitting part. The gap is used to contain the liquid. The flow path is connected to one end of the pipe and the lighting chamber; and the flow path changing section changes the flow path toward the gap. The liquid is filled into the illumination chamber. Illumination light is emitted from the illumination unit to illuminate the body being examined.

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