High stress soft rock tunnel support structure and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel supporting structure, and particularly relates to a high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure, which comprises a fixing base, the fixing base is fixedly connected with a supporting assembly, six groups of connecting assemblies are arranged at equal angles on the supporting assembly, two groups of assembling columns are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the six groups of connecting assemblies, the assembling columns are inserted into arc-shaped pipe piece assemblies, two groups of assembling holes are symmetrically arranged in the two ends of the arc-shaped pipe piece assemblies, the assembling columns are movably inserted into the assembling holes, and anchor rods are inserted into the arc-shaped pipe piece assemblies. Compared with the prior art, the device has a simple structure and is easy to assemble, and is assembled in the open air, which is convenient for the operation and unfolding of large lifting equipment, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the device and reducing the risk of the equipment colliding with workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel support structure technology, specifically a high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel construction employs different support structures and construction methods depending on the surrounding rock. Soft surrounding rock, due to its low strength, fractured rock mass, and poor geological environment, exhibits significantly different mechanical properties compared to general surrounding rock. After tunnel excavation, ground stress will redistribute. Because soft surrounding rock has low strength, it is extremely sensitive to engineering disturbances. Under tension or compression, it will develop plastic zones, causing deformation of the surrounding rock and support. This can easily lead to engineering disasters such as crown collapse, face instability, floor bulging, prolonged continuous deformation or non-convergent deformation, severe deformation and encroachment of initial support limits, and water inrush under water-rich conditions.

[0003] Publication No. CN115110966A discloses a tunnel support structure and construction method to address the problem that in existing technologies, when using high-rigidity tunnel support structures to strongly resist deformation in soft soil strata, the accumulation of surrounding rock pressure can easily lead to brittle failure of the support. The method includes: arc-shaped segment assemblies, reinforcing materials, and anchor bolts. The arc-shaped segment assembly comprises an arc-shaped inner plate, an arc-shaped middle plate, and an arc-shaped outer plate. The inner and middle plates are fixedly connected by reinforcing ribs, and the middle and outer plates are floatingly connected by elastic elements. Several arc-shaped segment assemblies are circumferentially spliced ​​together. The middle plates are spliced ​​to form a second support layer, and the outer plates are spliced ​​to form an elastic support layer. The elastic support layer is in close contact with the tunnel rock mass. The first and second support layers form an annular grouting space, which is filled with the reinforcing material.

[0004] In the above scheme, when supporting the tunnel, after excavating a chamber, arc-shaped segment assemblies are installed along the tunnel rock mass. The arc-shaped outer plate contacts the tunnel rock mass, and anchor bolts are driven into the arc-shaped segment assemblies. Temporary horizontal and vertical braces are installed, so that the arc-shaped segment assemblies, temporary horizontal and vertical braces form a complete closed-loop support. First, the space inside the tunnel is narrow, and the assembly of the arc-shaped segment assemblies definitely requires the use of large hoisting equipment. The small tunnel space itself affects the operation and deployment of large hoisting equipment. Once the equipment and related personnel enter the tunnel, the tunnel space will be further limited, which will not only directly affect the efficiency of assembling the arc-shaped segment assemblies, but also easily lead to accidents where equipment hits people. Therefore, the present invention provides a high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure and method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure of the present invention includes a fixed seat, a fixed connection of the fixed seat to a support component, six sets of connecting components are arranged at equal angles on the support component, two sets of assembly columns are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the six sets of connecting components, the assembly columns are inserted into the arc-shaped segment components, two sets of assembly holes are symmetrically built into both ends of the arc-shaped segment components, the assembly columns are movably inserted into the assembly holes, and anchor rods are inserted into the arc-shaped segment components.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to assemble. Moreover, it is assembled externally, which facilitates the operation and deployment of large hoisting equipment. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the device, but also reduces the risk of the equipment hitting workers.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes: a connecting plate located between two sets of arc-shaped segment assemblies, two sets of L-shaped limiting plates symmetrically and movably installed within the connecting plate, an assembly column fixedly welded to the L-shaped limiting plate, several sets of U-shaped elastic strips disposed between the two sets of L-shaped limiting plates, a pressure plate disposed above the several sets of U-shaped elastic strips, and a movable mechanism connecting the pressure plate. The movable mechanism includes: a housing fixedly connected to the pressure plate, a bracket disposed within the housing, limiting rods symmetrically and movably inserted into both ends of the bracket, a pin fixedly installed at one end of the limiting rod, and a rectangular shaft fixedly installed at the lower end of the housing. Four sets of oblique sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the housing, the pin is slidably connected to the oblique sliding grooves, two sets of limiting holes are symmetrically opened at both ends of the arc-shaped segment assembly, the limiting rods are inserted into the limiting holes, a rectangular hole is opened on the lower end face of the connecting plate, and the rectangular shaft is slidably connected to the rectangular hole.

[0009] A rectangular shaft is driven towards the center of the closed-loop support. The rectangular shaft moves the housing and the pressure plate together. The pressure plate acts on the U-shaped spring strip, causing the U-shaped spring strip to deform. At the same time, the pin slides along the inclined slide groove. Guided by the inclined slide groove, the pin drives the limiting rod to slide outward along the inner cavity of the bracket, so that the limiting rod is inserted into the limiting hole until the housing is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate. Due to the cooperation of the limiting rods, the arc-shaped tube segment assembly is limited, preventing the arc-shaped tube segment assembly from dislodging after being scratched.

[0010] Preferably, four sets of track grooves are formed on the L-shaped limiting plate, and guide rails are slidably connected to the track grooves. The guide rails are fixedly welded to the inner wall of the connecting plate.

[0011] Continue driving the housing towards the center of the closed-loop support until the end of the arc-shaped segment assembly fits into the end of the connecting plate, so that the outer diameter of the entire closed-loop support is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel, thus preventing the arc-shaped segment assembly from being scraped by the tunnel and ensuring the movement speed of the closed-loop support in the tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, the support assembly includes: a fixed plate, a fixed base fixedly connected to the fixed plate, six sets of guide holes equally spaced on the outer ring of the fixed plate, a T-shaped support rod movably inserted into the guide holes, an assembly groove provided at the upper end of the T-shaped support rod, a receiving shaft fixedly installed at the lower end of the T-shaped support rod, and a drive disc screwed into the fixed plate, a rectangular shaft connected to a slide rail, the assembly groove slidably connected to the slide rail, a guide groove provided on one side of the drive disc, and the receiving shaft slidably connected to the guide groove;

[0013] The gear pump drives the drive disc to rotate, causing the six sets of receiving shafts to slide simultaneously along the six sets of guide grooves. Guided by the six sets of guide grooves, the six sets of receiving shafts simultaneously drive the T-shaped support rods to slide along the corresponding guide holes. The T-shaped support rods pull the slide rails and rectangular shafts to move together, thereby achieving the simultaneous driving of the six sets of rectangular shafts and ensuring the consistency of the mechanism's actions.

[0014] Preferably, the T-shaped support rod includes: a rod body, a guide hole for sliding connection of the rod body, a movable plate disposed within the rod body, a bearing shaft for fixed connection of the movable plate, a spring piece disposed on one side of the movable plate, and two sets of alignment blocks for fixed connection of the movable plate. The guide groove is composed of an arc-shaped sliding groove and an oblique arc-shaped groove. The bearing shaft is movably inserted into the rod body. The end of the bearing shaft is slidably connected to the outer ring of the drive disc. Six sets of push blocks are disposed at equal angles on the outer ring of the drive disc.

[0015] During the rotation of the drive disc driven by the gear pump, the receiving shaft first slides along the arc-shaped groove without generating a driving effect on the receiving shaft. At the same time, the push block on the drive disc pushes against the bearing shaft, which in turn pushes the movable plate and the alignment block together. The movable plate compresses the spring sheet, and the moving alignment block slides against one side of the rod. If the arc-shaped segment assembly is not pushed into place, the chamfered surface at the end of the alignment block will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly. The movement of the alignment block will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly into place until the push block is displaced from the bearing shaft. Then, the receiving shaft will slide along the inclined arc-shaped groove, which will drive the receiving shaft, thus achieving the alignment of the arc-shaped segment assembly and preventing structural damage caused by the arc-shaped segment assembly not being assembled in place.

[0016] Example 2

[0017] A method for supporting high-stress soft rock tunnels, employing the aforementioned high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure, includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Survey and layout, dividing the tunnel cross-section into upper and lower zones, each containing at least one chamber along the horizontal direction.

[0019] Step 2: Install advanced small guide pipes at the tunnel arch and reinforce with grout.

[0020] Step 3: Excavate from one side of the upper tunnel area. After all the upper tunnel areas have been excavated, excavate sequentially from one side of the lower tunnel area.

[0021] Step Four: After all cavern excavations are completed, the support structure is assembled from the outside. The fixing base is secured to the tunnel vehicle, and then the six sets of connecting components are installed sequentially on the support components. Next, the six sets of curved segment assemblies are inserted sequentially between the six sets of connecting components, forming a complete closed-loop support system. This closed-loop support is then transported into the cavern by the tunnel vehicle. Anchor bolts are then installed on the six sets of curved segment assemblies. After this is completed, the next set of closed-loop support is inserted.

[0022] Step 5: After all the caverns have been supported, inject reinforcement material into the arc-shaped segment assembly. After the reinforcement material has solidified, remove all the support components.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. Six sets of connecting components are sequentially installed on the support component from the outside. Then, the assembly holes on the arc-shaped segment components are aligned with the assembly columns on the connecting components. With the cooperation of the assembly columns and assembly holes, the arc-shaped segment components are assembled between the two sets of connecting components. The remaining arc-shaped segment components are installed in the same way, so that the support component, the six sets of connecting components, and the six sets of arc-shaped segment components form a complete closed-loop support. After the closed-loop support is placed into the tunnel by a tunnel transport vehicle, anchor bolts are driven into the six sets of arc-shaped segment components to achieve tunnel support. Compared with the prior art, the device of this invention has a simple structure and is easy to assemble. Moreover, it is assembled from the outside, which facilitates the operation and deployment of large hoisting equipment. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the device, but also reduces the risk of equipment hitting workers.

[0025] 2. After the six sets of arc-shaped segment assemblies are assembled between the six sets of connecting assemblies, a rectangular shaft is driven towards the center of the closed-loop support. The rectangular shaft drives the housing and the pressure plate to move together. The pressure plate acts on the U-shaped spring strip, causing the U-shaped spring strip to deform. At the same time, the pin slides along the inclined slide groove. Under the guidance of the inclined slide groove, the pin drives the limiting rod to slide outward along the inner cavity of the bracket, so that the limiting rod is inserted into the limiting hole until the housing is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate. Due to the cooperation of the limiting rods, the arc-shaped segment assembly is limited, preventing the arc-shaped segment assembly from dislodging after being scratched.

[0026] 3. Continue driving the housing towards the center of the closed-loop support. At this time, the housing drives the connecting assembly and the arc-shaped segment assembly together towards the center of the closed-loop support. As it moves, the inner diameter of the closed-loop support will decrease, causing the two ends of the arc-shaped segment assembly to approach the end of the connecting plate. The arc-shaped segment assembly pushes the assembly column and the L-shaped limiting plate to move together. The L-shaped limiting plate slides along the guide rail into the connecting plate and further compresses the U-shaped elastic bar until the end of the arc-shaped segment assembly fits against the end of the connecting plate. This makes the outer diameter of the entire closed-loop support smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel, preventing the arc-shaped segment assembly from being scraped by the tunnel, thereby ensuring the movement speed of the closed-loop support in the tunnel.

[0027] 4. During the rotation of the drive disc driven by the gear pump, the receiving shaft will first slide along the arc-shaped groove without driving the receiving shaft. At the same time, the push block on the drive disc will push the bearing shaft, which will push the movable plate and the alignment block together. The movable plate will also compress the spring sheet. The moving alignment block will slide against one side of the rod. If the arc-shaped segment assembly is not pushed into place, the chamfered surface at the end of the alignment block will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly. The movement of the alignment block will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly into place until the push block is offset from the bearing shaft. Then the receiving shaft will slide along the inclined arc-shaped groove, which will drive the receiving shaft, thus achieving the alignment of the arc-shaped segment assembly and preventing damage to the structure caused by the arc-shaped segment assembly not being assembled in place. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a partial assembly diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection components, assembly columns, and arc-shaped tube segment assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the connecting plate, the L-shaped limiting plate, the movable mechanism, and the arc-shaped tube segment assembly of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the support component and the connecting component in partial cross-section according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped tube segment assembly, connecting plate, cross-sectional view of the T-shaped support rod, and drive disk assembly of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the drive disk and the receiving shaft of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Fixed base; 2. Support assembly; 3. Connecting assembly; 4. Assembly column; 5. Arc-shaped segment assembly; 51. Assembly hole; 52. Limiting hole; 6. Anchor bolt; 301. Connecting plate; 302. L-shaped limiting plate; 303. Track groove; 304. Guide rail; 305. U-shaped elastic bar; 306. Pressure plate; 307. Movable mechanism; 3071. Housing; 711. Inclined slide groove; 3072. Bracket; 3073. Limiting rod; 30 74. Pin; 3075. Rectangular shaft; 3076. Slide rail; 201. Fixing plate; 202. Guide hole; 203. T-shaped support rod; 204. Assembly groove; 205. Receiving shaft; 206. Drive disc; 2061. Guide groove; 611. Arc-shaped slide groove; 612. Angled arc-shaped groove; 2062. Push block; 2031. Rod body; 2032. Movable plate; 2033. Pressure bearing shaft; 2034. Spring piece; 2035. Alignment block. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure includes a fixed base 1, a support component 2 fixedly connected to the fixed base 1, six sets of connecting components 3 arranged at equal angles on the support component 2, two sets of assembly columns 4 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the six sets of connecting components 3, arc-shaped segment components 5 inserted into the assembly columns 4, two sets of assembly holes 50 symmetrically built into both ends of the arc-shaped segment components 5, the assembly columns 4 movably inserted into the assembly holes 50, and anchor rods 6 inserted into the arc-shaped segment components 5.

[0041] Specifically, the fixing seat 1 is fixed to the tunnel transport vehicle with bolts. The arc-shaped segment assembly 5 adopts the relevant structure in the aforementioned publication number CN115110966A, "A Tunnel Support Structure and Construction Method." When support is required inside the tunnel, six sets of connecting components 3 are sequentially installed on the support component 2 from the outside. Then, the assembly holes 50 on the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 are aligned with the assembly columns 4 on the connecting components 3. Under the cooperation of the assembly columns 4 and the assembly holes 50, the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is assembled between the two sets of connecting components 3. The same method is used to assemble the arc-shaped segment assembly 5. The remaining arc-shaped segment assemblies 5 are then installed sequentially, forming a complete closed-loop support by the support assembly 2, the six sets of connecting assemblies 3, and the six sets of arc-shaped segment assemblies 5. After the closed-loop support is placed into the tunnel by a tunnel transport vehicle, anchor bolts 6 are installed on the six sets of arc-shaped segment assemblies 5 to achieve tunnel support. Compared with the prior art, the device of this invention has a simple structure and is easy to assemble. Moreover, it is assembled externally, which facilitates the operation and deployment of large hoisting equipment. This not only improves the assembly efficiency of the device but also reduces the risk of equipment hitting workers.

[0042] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the connecting assembly 3 includes: a connecting plate 301, located between two sets of arc-shaped tube segment assemblies 5; two sets of L-shaped limiting plates 302 symmetrically and movably installed within the connecting plate 301; an assembly column 4 fixedly welded to the L-shaped limiting plate 302; several sets of U-shaped elastic strips 305 disposed between the two sets of L-shaped limiting plates 302; a pressure plate 306 disposed above the several sets of U-shaped elastic strips 305; and a movable mechanism 307 connecting the pressure plate 306. The movable mechanism 307 includes: a housing 3071, the housing 3071 fixedly connected to the pressure plate 306; and a movable mechanism 307 connecting the pressure plate 306. The bracket 3072 inside the body 3071 has a limiting rod 3073 symmetrically and movably inserted into both ends of the bracket 3072, a pin 3074 fixedly installed at one end of the limiting rod 3073, and a rectangular shaft 3075 fixedly installed at the lower end of the housing 3071. Four sets of oblique sliding grooves 711 are symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the housing 3071. The pin 3074 is slidably connected to the oblique sliding grooves 711. Two sets of limiting holes 52 are symmetrically opened at both ends of the arc-shaped tube segment assembly 5. The limiting rod 3073 is inserted into the limiting hole 52. A rectangular hole is opened on the lower end face of the connecting plate 301. The rectangular shaft 3075 is slidably connected to the rectangular hole.

[0043] Specifically, after the aforementioned device is assembled, during the process of placing the closed-loop support into the tunnel by the tunnel transport vehicle, because the inner diameter of the tunnel and the outer diameter of the closed-loop support are tightly fitted, the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 will not only be subject to vibration but also to scraping from the inner wall of the tunnel when the closed-loop support moves in the tunnel. If the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is not fixed to the connecting assembly 3, the vibration and scraping will cause the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 to dislocate. Therefore, after the six sets of arc-shaped segment assemblies 5 are assembled between the six sets of connecting assemblies 3, the rectangular shaft 3075 is driven towards the center of the closed-loop support. The rectangular shaft 3075 drives the housing 3071. The pressure plate 306 moves together with the U-shaped spring strip 305, causing the U-shaped spring strip 305 to deform. At the same time, the pin 3074 slides along the inclined slide groove 711. Under the guidance of the inclined slide groove 711, the pin 3074 drives the limiting rod 3073 to slide outward along the inner cavity of the bracket 3072, so that the limiting rod 3073 is inserted into the limiting hole 52 until the housing 3071 is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate 301. Due to the cooperation of the limiting rod 3073, the arc-shaped tube segment assembly 5 is limited, preventing the arc-shaped tube segment assembly 5 from being dislodged after being scratched.

[0044] Furthermore, four sets of track grooves 303 are formed on the L-shaped limiting plate 302, and guide rails 304 are slidably connected to the track grooves 303. The guide rails 304 are fixedly welded to the inner wall of the connecting plate 301.

[0045] Specifically, after the curved segment assembly 5 is limited, although it will not dislocate, the scraping of the tunnel inner wall affects the movement speed of the closed-loop support. Therefore, after the housing 3071 is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate 301, it continues to move towards the center of the closed-loop support. At this time, the housing 3071 drives the connecting assembly 3, together with the curved segment assembly 5, to move towards the center of the closed-loop support. As it moves, the inner diameter of the closed-loop support will decrease, causing the curved segment... As the two ends of component 5 approach the end of connecting plate 301, the arc-shaped segment component 5 pushes the assembly column 4 and L-shaped limiting plate 302 to move together. The L-shaped limiting plate 302 slides along the guide rail 304 toward the inside of connecting plate 301 and further compresses the U-shaped elastic bar 305 until the end of the arc-shaped segment component 5 is in contact with the end of connecting plate 301, so that the outer diameter of the entire closed-loop support is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel, avoiding the arc-shaped segment component 5 being scraped by the tunnel, thereby ensuring the movement speed of the closed-loop support in the tunnel.

[0046] like Figure 6As shown, the support assembly 2 includes: a fixed plate 201, a fixed base 1 fixedly connected to the fixed plate 201, six sets of guide holes 202 equally spaced on the outer ring of the fixed plate 201, a T-shaped support rod 203 movably inserted into the guide holes 202, an assembly groove 204 provided at the upper end of the T-shaped support rod 203, a receiving shaft 205 fixedly installed at the lower end of the T-shaped support rod 203, and a drive disk 206 screwed into the fixed plate 201. A rectangular shaft 3075 is connected to a slide rail 3076, the assembly groove 204 is slidably connected to the slide rail 3076, a guide groove 2061 is provided on one side of the drive disk 206, and the receiving shaft 205 is slidably connected to the guide groove 2061.

[0047] Specifically, the connecting component 3 is assembled onto the support component 2 through the cooperation of the mounting slot 204 and the slide rail 3076. The drive disk 206 is driven by a gear pump. When limiting the arc-shaped tube segment assembly 5 and reducing the outer diameter of the closed-loop support, it is necessary to drive six sets of rectangular shafts 3075 simultaneously towards the center of the closed-loop support. If the six sets of rectangular shafts 3075 are driven independently, it cannot be guaranteed that they will move simultaneously, leading to inconsistent mechanism actions and causing the mechanism to malfunction. In case of collision damage, when the six sets of rectangular shafts 3075 are moved, the gear pump drives the drive disc 206 to rotate, causing the six sets of receiving shafts 205 to slide simultaneously along the six sets of guide grooves 2061. Under the guidance of the six sets of guide grooves 2061, the six sets of receiving shafts 205 simultaneously drive the T-shaped support rods 203 to slide along the corresponding guide holes 202. The T-shaped support rods 203 pull the slide rails 3076 and the rectangular shafts 3075 to move together, thereby achieving the above-mentioned simultaneous driving of the six sets of rectangular shafts 3075 and ensuring the consistency of the mechanism's actions.

[0048] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the T-shaped support rod 203 includes: a rod body 2031, a guide hole 202 slidably connected to the rod body 2031, a movable plate 2032 disposed within the rod body 2031, a bearing shaft 2033 fixedly connected to the movable plate 2032, a spring piece 2034 disposed on one side of the movable plate 2032, and two sets of alignment blocks 2035 fixedly connected to the movable plate 2032. The guide groove 2061 is composed of an arc-shaped sliding groove 611 and an oblique arc-shaped groove 612. The bearing shaft 2033 is movably inserted into the rod body 2031. The end of the bearing shaft 2033 is slidably connected to the outer ring of the drive disk 206. Six sets of push blocks 2062 are disposed at equal angles on the outer ring of the drive disk 206.

[0049] Specifically, the upper length of the rod 2031 is equal to the length of the arc-shaped segment assembly 5, and the end of the alignment block 2035 is provided with a chamfer. The gear pump drive disk 206 can drive the rectangular shaft 3075, thereby inserting the limiting rod 3073 into the limiting hole 52. However, when assembling the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 between the two sets of connecting components 3, if the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is not pushed into place, the limiting rod 3073 cannot be aligned with the limiting hole 52. Once the gear pump is started, the limiting rod 3073 will squeeze against the arc-shaped segment assembly 5, causing damage. Therefore, during the rotation of the gear pump drive disk 206, the receiving shaft 205 will first slide along the arc-shaped groove 611 and will not drive the receiving shaft 205. At the same time, the pusher on the drive disk 206... Block 2062 will push against the bearing shaft 2033, which will push the movable plate 2032 and the alignment block 2035 to move together. The movable plate 2032 will also compress the spring 2034. The moving alignment block 2035 will slide along one side of the rod 2031. If the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is not pushed into place, the inclined surface at the end of the alignment block 2035 will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly 5. The movement of the alignment block 2035 will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 into place until the pushing block 2062 is displaced from the bearing shaft 2033. Then, the receiving shaft 205 will slide along the inclined arc groove 612. The inclined arc groove 612 will drive the receiving shaft 205 to achieve the alignment of the arc-shaped segment assembly 5, thus preventing the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 from being improperly assembled and causing structural damage.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A method for supporting high-stress soft rock tunnels, employing the aforementioned high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure, includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Survey and layout, dividing the tunnel cross-section into upper and lower zones, each containing at least one chamber along the horizontal direction.

[0053] Step 2: Install advanced small guide pipes at the tunnel arch and reinforce with grout.

[0054] Step 3: Excavate from one side of the upper tunnel area. After all the upper tunnel areas have been excavated, excavate sequentially from one side of the lower tunnel area.

[0055] Step 4: After all cavern excavations are completed, the support structure is assembled from the outside. The fixing base 1 is secured to the tunnel vehicle. Then, six sets of connecting components 3 are sequentially installed on the support components 2. Next, six sets of arc-shaped segment assemblies 5 are sequentially inserted between the six sets of connecting components 3, forming a complete closed-loop support system from the support components 2, connecting components 3, and arc-shaped segment assemblies 5. This closed-loop support is then transported into the cavern using the tunnel vehicle. Anchor bolts 6 are then installed on the six sets of arc-shaped segment assemblies 5. After the support is complete, the next set of closed-loop support is inserted.

[0056] Step 5: After all the caverns have been supported, inject reinforcing material into the arc-shaped segment assembly 5. After the reinforcing material has solidified, remove all supporting components 2.

[0057] The working principle is as follows: Six sets of connecting components 3 are sequentially installed on the support component 2. Then, the mounting holes 50 on the arc-shaped tube segment assembly 5 are aligned with the mounting posts 4 on the connecting components 3. Under the cooperation of the mounting posts 4 and the mounting holes 50, the arc-shaped tube segment assembly 5 is assembled between the two sets of connecting components 3. The gear pump drives the drive disc 206 to rotate, causing the six sets of receiving shafts 205 to slide simultaneously along the six sets of guide grooves 2061. Guided by the six sets of guide grooves 2061, the six sets of receiving shafts 205 simultaneously drive the T-shaped support rods 203 to slide along the corresponding guide holes 202. The receiving shafts 205 will first slide along the arc-shaped sliding grooves 611, and then... The drive shaft 205 is driven, and the push block 2062 on the drive disc 206 pushes against the bearing shaft 2033. The bearing shaft 2033 pushes the movable plate 2032 and the alignment block 2035 together to move, and the movable plate 2032 compresses the spring 2034. The moving alignment block 2035 slides against one side of the rod 2031. If the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is not pushed into place, the inclined surface at the end of the alignment block 2035 will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly 5. The movement of the alignment block 2035 will squeeze the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 into place until the push block 2062 is displaced from the bearing shaft 2033. Then the bearing shaft 205 will move along the inclined arc. The groove 612 slides, and the oblique arc groove 612 will drive the receiving shaft 205. The six sets of receiving shafts 205 simultaneously drive the T-shaped support rod 203 to slide along the corresponding guide hole 202. The T-shaped support rod 203 pulls the slide rail 3076 and the rectangular shaft 3075 to move together. The rectangular shaft 3075 drives the housing 3071 and the pressure plate 306 to move together. The pressure plate 306 acts on the U-shaped spring strip 305, causing the U-shaped spring strip 305 to deform. At the same time, the pin 3074 slides along the oblique slide groove 711. Under the guidance of the oblique slide groove 711, the pin 3074 drives the limiting rod 3073 to slide outward along the inner cavity of the bracket 3072. The movement causes the limiting rod 3073 to be inserted into the limiting hole 52, and the housing 3071 to continue moving towards the center of the closed-loop support. At this time, the housing 3071 drives the connecting assembly 3 and the arc-shaped tube assembly 5 to move together towards the center of the closed-loop support. As it moves, the inner diameter of the closed-loop support will decrease, causing the two ends of the arc-shaped tube assembly 5 to begin to approach the end of the connecting plate 301. The arc-shaped tube assembly 5 pushes the assembly column 4 and the L-shaped limiting plate 302 to move together. The L-shaped limiting plate 302 slides along the guide rail 304 towards the inside of the connecting plate 301 and further compresses the U-shaped elastic bar 305 until the end of the arc-shaped tube assembly 5 is in contact with the end of the connecting plate 301.

[0058] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure, comprising a fixing seat (1), characterized in that: The fixed base (1) is fixedly connected to the support component (2). Six sets of connecting components (3) are arranged at equal angles on the support component (2). Two sets of assembly columns (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the six sets of connecting components (3). The assembly columns (4) are inserted into the arc-shaped tube segment component (5). The arc-shaped segment assembly (5) has two sets of assembly holes (50) symmetrically built into both ends. The assembly column (4) is movably inserted into the assembly hole (50). Anchor rods (6) are inserted into the arc-shaped segment assembly (5). The connection component (3) includes: A connecting plate (301) is located between the two sets of the arc-shaped tube segments (5); Two sets of L-shaped limiting plates (302) are symmetrically and movablely installed in the connecting plate (301), and the assembly column (4) is fixedly welded to the L-shaped limiting plates (302); Four sets of track grooves (303) are formed on the L-shaped limiting plate (302); The guide rail (304) is slidably connected to the track groove (303), and the guide rail (304) is fixedly welded to the inner wall of the connecting plate (301); Several sets of U-shaped elastic bars (305) are disposed between the two sets of L-shaped limiting plates (302); Pressure plate (306) is disposed above several sets of the U-shaped elastic bars (305); as well as, The movable mechanism (307) connecting the pressure plate (306); The activity mechanism (307) includes: Housing (3071), the housing (3071) is fixedly connected to the pressure plate (306); The bracket (3072) is disposed within the housing (3071); The limiting rods (3073) are symmetrically and movably inserted at both ends of the bracket (3072); A pin (3074) is fixedly installed at one end of the limiting rod (3073). as well as, A rectangular shaft (3075) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the housing (3071); Four sets of oblique sliding grooves (711) are symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the housing (3071), and the pin (3074) is slidably connected to the oblique sliding grooves (711).

2. The high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped tube assembly (5) has two sets of limiting holes (52) symmetrically opened at both ends. The limiting rod (3073) is inserted into the limiting hole (52). The lower end face of the connecting plate (301) has a rectangular hole, and the rectangular shaft (3075) is slidably connected to the rectangular hole.

3. The high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support component (2) includes: A fixing plate (201) is fixedly connected to the fixing seat (1); Six sets of guide holes (202) are equally spaced on the outer ring of the fixed plate (201); The T-shaped support rod (203) is movably inserted into the guide hole (202); Assembly slot (204) provided at the upper end of the T-shaped support rod (203); The receiving shaft (205) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the T-shaped support rod (203); as well as, The drive disc (206) is screwed into the fixed plate (201).

4. The high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rectangular shaft (3075) is connected to the slide rail (3076), the assembly groove (204) is slidably connected to the slide rail (3076), a guide groove (2061) is provided on one side of the drive disk (206), and the receiving shaft (205) is slidably connected to the guide groove (2061).

5. A high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The T-shaped support rod (203) includes: Rod (2031), which is slidably connected to the guide hole (202); Movable plate (2032) is installed inside the rod (2031); The pressure shaft (2033) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (2032); A spring clip (2034) is provided on one side of the movable plate (2032); as well as, Two sets of alignment blocks (2035) are fixedly connected to the movable plate (2032).

6. A high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide groove (2061) is composed of an arc-shaped sliding groove (611) and an oblique arc-shaped groove (612). The pressure bearing shaft (2033) is movably inserted into the rod body (2031). The end of the pressure bearing shaft (2033) is slidably connected to the outer ring of the drive disk (206). Six sets of push blocks (2062) are arranged at equal angles on the outer ring of the drive disk (206).

7. A method for supporting high-stress soft rock tunnels, wherein the method employs a high-stress soft rock tunnel support structure as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Measure and set out the tunnel cross-section into two areas, upper and lower, each containing at least one chamber along the horizontal direction; Step 2: Install advanced small guide pipes in the tunnel arch and reinforce with grout; Step 3: Excavate from one side of the upper area of ​​the tunnel. After all the chambers in the upper area have been excavated, excavate from one side of the lower area in sequence. Step 4: After all the caverns have been excavated, the support structure is spliced ​​together from the outside. The fixed seat (1) is fixed on the tunnel vehicle, and then the six sets of connecting components (3) are installed on the support components (2) in sequence. Then, the six sets of arc-shaped segment components (5) are inserted between the six sets of connecting components (3) in sequence, so that the support components (2), connecting components (3), and arc-shaped segment components (5) form a complete closed-loop support. The closed-loop support is transported into the cavern by the tunnel vehicle, and anchor bolts (6) are installed on the six sets of arc-shaped segment components (5) in sequence. After the support is completed, the next set of closed-loop support is put in. Step 5: After all the caverns have been supported, inject reinforcing material into the arc-shaped segment assembly (5); after the reinforcing material has solidified, remove all the supporting components (2).

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