A directional pressure relief platen, heat sink assembly, battery stack module, and battery pack

Abstract

The application relates to a directional pressure relief pressing plate, a heat dissipation assembly, a battery stack module and a battery pack. The directional pressure relief pressing plate comprises a pressing plate body, the pressing plate body is provided with a directional pressure relief interlayer cavity, a pressure relief hole is arranged on the pressing plate body and communicates with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity, and an exhaust hole is arranged on the circumferential side of the pressing plate body and communicates with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity. The directional pressure relief pressing plate can produce a group pre-tightening pressure on the battery cell, can absorb the expansion force and expansion displacement of the battery cell, and improves the cycle life of the battery cell. When the battery cell contacted by the pressing plate body is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas can enter the directional pressure relief interlayer through the pressure relief hole and be discharged to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust hole, so that the explosion phenomenon of the battery module in thermal runaway is prevented, and the safety performance of the battery module is improved.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of application number 202210999315.6 filed on August 19, 2022, entitled "A directional pressure relief plate, heat dissipation component, battery stacking module and battery pack". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of new energy battery technology, specifically to a directional pressure relief plate, a heat dissipation component, a battery stacking module, and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0003] Existing battery modules use foam, aerogel pads, mica sheets, and flat bottom shells to assemble the cells. The drawback of modules assembled with foam, aerogel pads, and mica sheets is that their compression performance and fire resistance decrease sharply due to high and low temperature aging. Furthermore, as they are heat-insulating, they are not conducive to heat conduction and dissipation, which is very detrimental to the overall heat dissipation of the module and the risk of thermal runaway, significantly impacting the module's lifespan.

[0004] If thermal runaway occurs in the existing battery module structure, the heat cannot be dissipated from the battery module quickly and effectively, which will cause the battery system to fail rapidly and cause danger. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve is that existing battery module structures, once thermal runaway occurs, cannot quickly and effectively dissipate heat from the battery module, which will affect the rapid failure of the battery system and cause danger.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a directional pressure relief plate, comprising a plate body, the plate body having a directional pressure relief interlayer cavity, a pressure relief hole communicating with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity on the plate body, and an exhaust hole communicating with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity on the periphery of the plate body.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The directional pressure relief plate of this invention, by setting a directional pressure relief interlayer cavity and opening pressure relief holes on the plate body, can generate group pre-tightening pressure on the battery cells and absorb the expansion force and expansion displacement of the battery cells, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery cells. On the other hand, when the battery cells in contact with the plate body experience thermal runaway, the generated thermal runaway gas can enter the directional pressure relief interlayer through the pressure relief holes and be released to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust holes, preventing the battery module from exploding when thermal runaway occurs, thus improving the safety performance of the battery module.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0009] Furthermore, a directional exhaust channel is formed in the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity of the pressure plate body, and a directional exhaust bridging component is provided at the pressure relief hole. The directional exhaust bridging component is located in the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity and connects the pressure relief hole with the directional exhaust channel. One end of the directional exhaust channel is arranged correspondingly to and connected to the exhaust hole.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting up a directional exhaust channel and a directional exhaust bridge, the thermal runaway gas that enters the directional pressure relief interlayer through the pressure relief hole can enter the directional exhaust channel under the obstruction and guidance of the directional exhaust bridge, and then be released to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust hole via the directional exhaust channel.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure relief guide plate is provided inside the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity, and a directional exhaust groove is formed on at least one side of the pressure relief guide plate. At least one side of the pressure relief guide plate is in contact with the inner side of the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity of the pressure plate body, and the directional exhaust groove and the inner side of the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity together form the directional exhaust channel.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: by setting a pressure relief guide plate, it can be surrounded by the inner side of the pressure plate body to form a directional exhaust channel. By utilizing the blocking effect of the pressure relief guide plate and the directional exhaust bridge, the thermal runaway gas can be released to the outside of the battery module through the directional exhaust channel, which is conducive to the stability of the directional pressure relief exhaust structure and the exhaust effect is rapid and effective.

[0013] Furthermore, the directional exhaust bridge component has a V-shaped structure, an arc-shaped structure, a U-shaped structure, or a cross-shaped structure. The middle part of the directional exhaust bridge component is arranged on one side of the pressure relief hole, and the free ends of the directional exhaust bridge component are respectively connected to the inner sidewall of the pressure relief hole.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the U-shaped directional exhaust bridge can connect the directional exhaust channels between two adjacent pressure relief guide plates. That is, the thermal runaway gas that enters the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity through the pressure relief hole and the directional exhaust bridge can be selected to enter the two adjacent directional exhaust channels, avoiding the risk of one of the directional exhaust channels being blocked and causing the inability to directionally exhaust and relieve pressure.

[0015] Furthermore, the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity of the pressure plate body is also provided with an elastic element to buffer the pressure on both sides of the pressure plate body.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: by setting up elastic elements, the elastic elements can not only generate group pre-tightening pressure on the battery cells, but also absorb the expansion force and expansion displacement of the battery cells, thereby improving the service life of the battery cells.

[0017] Furthermore, the pressure plate body includes a first plate and a second plate stacked together. The pressure plate body is formed by an integral molding process to create the stacked first plate and the second plate, or the first plate and the second plate are each set independently and connected to each other by a connection process or connector.

[0018] Furthermore, a compression angle is provided at the peripheral edge of the pressure plate body, and a buffer cavity communicating with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity is formed inside the compression angle. An exhaust hole is provided on the compression angle.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: by setting the compression tilt angle, since the compression tilt angle will generate force and displacement under pressure, the pressure plate body has a flexible elastic effect. The pressure plate body is clamped between the cells, and will generate pressure on the pressure plate body during the cell stacking process. On the one hand, the pressure plate body gives the cells pre-tightening pressure when they are assembled, and on the other hand, it absorbs the expansion force generated during the charging and discharging of the cells, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery (especially the soft pack battery).

[0020] A heat dissipation component includes the aforementioned directional pressure relief plate and a liquid cooling plate, wherein one end of the plate body facing away from the exhaust hole is connected to one side of the liquid cooling plate.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the heat dissipation assembly of the present invention, by setting a liquid cooling plate, the battery cells can be respectively set on both sides of the pressure plate body. Since the two sides of the battery cells are in close contact with the sides of the pressure plate body, the pressure plate body plays the role of transferring heat from the battery cells to the liquid cooling plate, which greatly increases the heat transfer area of ​​the battery cells and can better play the role of heat dissipation of the battery cells, thus avoiding the phenomenon of overheating and fire of the battery cells.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a base plate, which is disposed between the liquid cooling plate and the pressure plate body. One end of the pressure plate body that is away from the exhaust hole is connected to one side of the liquid cooling plate through the base plate.

[0023] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the liquid cooling plate can be directly connected to the pressure plate body, or it can be connected to the pressure plate body through the base plate, and different connection methods can be set as needed. Connecting the liquid cooling plate directly to the pressure plate body can improve heat dissipation efficiency; connecting the pressure plate body through the base plate can support and fix the pressure plate body.

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of protruding structures are formed on one side of the base plate, and a cell assembly groove is reserved between two adjacent protruding structures; the end of the pressure plate body facing away from the exhaust hole is connected to the protruding structure.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the pressure plate body can be set on the raised structure of the base plate, and the battery cells can be respectively set in the battery cell assembly slots on both sides of the pressure plate body. The raised structure, the pressure plate body and the battery cell assembly slots work together to further increase the heat transfer area of ​​the battery cells, which can better play the role of heat dissipation of the battery cells and avoid the phenomenon of battery cells overheating and catching fire.

[0026] Furthermore, the liquid cooling plate is a flat plate structure, and the pressure plate body or the base plate is directly installed on one side of the flat plate structure.

[0027] Furthermore, multiple heat dissipation fins are formed on the liquid cooling plate, and the pressure plate body is mounted on the heat dissipation fins or multiple liquid cooling plate assembly slots are formed on the other side of the base plate, with the heat dissipation fins assembled in the liquid cooling plate assembly slots.

[0028] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: the pressure plate body can be directly installed on the heat dissipation fins to enhance the heat conduction effect; the heat dissipation fins of the liquid cooling plate can also be installed in the liquid cooling plate assembly groove corresponding to the bottom of the protruding structure of the base plate, so that the heat dissipation fins are in close contact with the groove wall of the liquid cooling plate assembly groove, increasing the heat transfer area, so that the heat transferred from the cell to the base plate through the pressure plate body can be further transferred to the liquid cooling plate with heat dissipation fins, which can further dissipate heat from the cell.

[0029] Furthermore, the liquid cooling plate or the base plate is provided with a limiting structure, and one end of the pressure plate body that is away from the exhaust hole is limited in the limiting structure.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting a limiting structure, the pressure plate body can be limited and the pressure plate body can be stably set on the base plate or liquid cooling plate, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly between the base plate or liquid cooling plate and the pressure plate body.

[0031] Furthermore, the limiting structure includes a figure-eight shaped limiting piece, and the peripheral edge of the pressure plate body is limited in the figure-eight shaped limiting piece.

[0032] A battery stacking module includes the above-mentioned heat dissipation component and also includes battery cell groups, wherein the battery cell groups are stacked and arranged, and the pressure plate body is sandwiched between two adjacent battery cell groups.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The battery stacking module of this invention has the functions of heat transfer, thermal runaway pressure relief, absorption of expansion force, and expansion displacement. On the one hand, the assembly system composed of the pressure plate body and the base plate maximizes the contact area between the pressure plate body and the battery cell, effectively transferring the heat generated by the battery cell. Finally, the heat can be transferred out through the maximized contact area between the base plate and the liquid cooling plate, achieving comprehensive heat dissipation of the battery module. On the other hand, the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity inside the pressure plate body can play a directional pressure relief role, improving the cycle life of the battery cell. The mixed gas generated by the battery cell in the event of thermal runaway can be released to the outside of the module through the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity, preventing the explosion phenomenon when the battery module experiences thermal runaway, and improving the safety performance of the battery stacking module.

[0034] A battery pack includes the aforementioned battery stacking module and a battery pack housing. The battery stacking module is disposed within the battery pack housing. A pressure relief valve is provided on the battery pack housing at a position away from the liquid cooling system. The battery pack housing has a pressure relief channel communicating with the pressure relief valve, and the vent is communicating with the pressure relief channel.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the battery pack of the present invention can quickly dissipate the heat generated by thermal runaway of the battery stacking module in the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of one type of directional pressure relief plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of one type of directional pressure relief plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of one structure of the heat dissipation component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery module according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of one structure of the battery module of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another structure of the battery module of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of another structure of the battery module of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another structure of the directional pressure relief plate of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of another structure of the directional pressure relief plate of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of another structure of the directional pressure relief plate of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of another structure of the directional pressure relief plate of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of another type of directional pressure relief plate of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0049] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the base plate in another structure of the heat dissipation component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0051] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the base plate and liquid cooling plate cooperating in another structure of the heat dissipation component of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0053] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another structure of the heat dissipation component of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the battery stacking module of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery stacking module of the present invention.

[0056] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0057] 1. Pressure plate body; 11. First plate; 12. Second plate; 13. Directional pressure relief interlayer cavity; 14. Pressure relief hole; 15. Vent hole; 16. First compression angle; 17. Second compression angle; 18. Slide groove; 19. Guide slide rail;

[0058] 2. Pressure relief guide plate; 21. Directional exhaust channel;

[0059] 3. Directional exhaust bridging component; 4. Elastic component;

[0060] 5. Base plate; 51. Raised structure; 52. Cell assembly slot; 53. Liquid cooling plate assembly slot; 54. Figure-eight shaped limiting piece;

[0061] 6. Liquid cooling plate; 61. Heat dissipation fins; 62. Water inlet; 63. Water outlet; 7. Battery cell assembly; 8. Pressure relief diaphragm. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 3 to 13 , Figures 18-20 As shown, a directional pressure relief plate of this embodiment includes a plate body 1, the plate body 1 having a directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13, a pressure relief hole 14 communicating with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 on the plate body 1, and an exhaust hole 15 communicating with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 on the periphery of the plate body 1.

[0064] One specific solution in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 13 As shown, the pressure plate body 1 includes a first plate 11 and a second plate 12 stacked together. The pressure plate body 1 is formed by an integral molding process to form the stacked first plate 11 and the second plate 12, or the first plate and the second plate are independently set and connected to each other by a connection process or connectors.

[0065] In this embodiment, the vent 15 can be a through hole provided on the first plate 11 and / or the second plate 12, or it can be a gap formed at the unconnected position between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. The pressure relief hole 14 can be any shape, such as a round hole, a square hole, etc., and preferably an elongated hole, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0066] The directional pressure relief plate of this embodiment, by setting a directional pressure relief interlayer cavity and opening pressure relief holes on the plate body, can generate group pre-tightening pressure on the battery cells and absorb the expansion force and expansion displacement of the battery cells, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery cells. On the other hand, when the battery cell in contact with the plate body experiences thermal runaway, the generated thermal runaway gas can enter the directional pressure relief interlayer through the pressure relief holes and be released to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust holes, preventing the battery module from exploding when thermal runaway occurs, thus improving the safety performance of the battery module.

[0067] The directional pressure relief plate in this embodiment can adopt various structural forms, as long as it can form a directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 and allow the thermal runaway gas from both battery cells to be discharged into the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 through the pressure relief hole 14 and discharged through the exhaust hole 15. This embodiment provides two optional structural forms of the directional pressure relief plate, as follows:

[0068] Directional pressure relief plate structure one, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pressure plate body 1 includes a first plate 11 and a second plate 12 stacked together, forming the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. The peripheral edges of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are all or partially connected. To guide the thermal runaway gas, a directional exhaust channel 21 is also formed within the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 of the pressure plate body 1. A directional exhaust bridging component 3 is provided at the pressure relief hole 14. The directional exhaust bridging component 3 is located within the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 and connects the pressure relief hole 14 to the directional exhaust channel 21. One end of the directional exhaust channel 21 is correspondingly arranged with and connected to the exhaust hole 15. By setting the directional exhaust channel and the directional exhaust bridging component, the thermal runaway gas entering the directional pressure relief interlayer through the pressure relief hole can be blocked and guided by the directional exhaust bridging component into the directional exhaust channel, and then released to the outside of the battery module through the exhaust hole. When a battery experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of mixed gas is generated. This mixed gas will generate a certain pressure due to its concentration in a small space. Due to the containment of the directional exhaust bridge component, the gas generated by thermal runaway can be discharged from the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity through the directional exhaust channel. The gas that expands due to thermal runaway is released to the outside of the pouch battery module through the exhaust port, thus avoiding the bulging and explosion of the pouch battery module.

[0069] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the directional exhaust bridging component 3 in this embodiment can adopt any shape. The directional exhaust bridging component 3 can be a V-shaped structure, an arc-shaped structure, a U-shaped structure, or a cross-shaped structure. The middle part of the directional exhaust bridging component 3 is arranged on one side of the pressure relief hole 14. The free ends of the directional exhaust bridging component 3 are connected to the inner sidewall of the pressure relief hole 14, allowing thermal runaway gas to enter the directional exhaust channel 21 from the pressure relief hole 14. After being blocked by the middle part of the directional exhaust bridging component 3, the gas is diverted from the center of the directional exhaust bridging component 3 into the directional exhaust channel 21. Using the directional exhaust bridging component connects the directional exhaust channels between two adjacent pressure relief guide plates. That is, thermal runaway gas entering the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity through the pressure relief hole and the directional exhaust bridging component can selectively enter two adjacent directional exhaust channels, avoiding the risk of blockage in one directional exhaust channel and the inability to directionally exhaust and relieve pressure.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, a pressure relief guide plate 2 is provided inside the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13. A directional exhaust groove is formed on at least one side of the pressure relief guide plate 2. At least one side of the pressure relief guide plate 2 is in contact with the inner side of the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 of the pressure plate body 1, and the directional exhaust groove and the inner side of the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 enclose each other to form the directional exhaust channel 21. By setting the pressure relief guide plate, a directional exhaust channel can be formed by enclosing it with the inner side of the pressure plate body. Utilizing the blocking effect of the pressure relief guide plate and the directional exhaust bridging component, thermal runaway gas can be released outside the battery module through the directional exhaust channel, which is beneficial to the stability of the directional pressure relief exhaust structure and ensures rapid and effective exhaust.

[0071] Directional pressure relief plate structure two, such as Figures 8-13 As shown, the pressure plate body 1 includes a first plate 11 and a second plate 12 stacked together, forming the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. The peripheral edges of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are fully connected, partially connected, or not connected. The first plate 11 has multiple sets of sliding grooves 18 on its inner surface relative to the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13. Each set of sliding grooves 18 includes two pairs of arranged sliding grooves 18. An elastic element 4 can be set in each set of sliding grooves 18. The two ends of the elastic element are slidably connected to a set of arranged sliding grooves 18, and the central protrusion of the elastic element abuts against, is bonded to, or welded to the inner surface of the second plate 12. A guide rail 19 is provided on the inner wall of the sliding groove 18, allowing the two ends of the elastic element to be positioned within the guide rail 19 and slide along it. The extension direction of the guide rail 19 is consistent with the length direction of the elastic element. Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown. In this way, the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13 between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 can be restricted by the arc-shaped plate, and the elastic element can also be used to generate group pre-tightening pressure on the battery cell, absorb the expansion force and expansion displacement of the battery cell, and improve the service life of the battery cell.

[0072] In the second type of directional pressure relief plate structure, the elastic element will generate force and displacement under pressure, so the plate body has a flexible elastic function. The plate body is clamped between the battery cells. During the stacking of the battery cells, pressure will be generated on the plate body. The plate body provides pre-tightening pressure when the battery cells are stacked, and also absorbs the expansion force generated during the overcharge and overshoot of the battery cells.

[0073] In the two directional pressure relief plate structures described above, if the gap between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 is small, vent holes 15 do not need to be provided on the first plate 11 and the second plate 12; directional venting can be achieved directly using the gap formed at the unconnected position of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. If the gap between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 is large, a compression angle can be provided at the peripheral edge of the pressure plate body, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a buffer cavity is formed inside the compression angle that communicates with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13. This allows for the formation of a gap between unconnected compression angles for venting, without affecting the internal structural layout of the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13, and without requiring a separate vent hole. Alternatively, a vent hole 15 can be provided on the compression angle, such as... Figure 3 As shown. In addition to forming an exhaust gap, the compression angle also has a flexible and elastic effect because it generates force and displacement under pressure. The compression angle clamps between the battery cells and generates pressure on the compression plate body during the battery cell stacking process. On the one hand, the compression plate body provides pre-tightening pressure when the battery cells are grouped, and on the other hand, it absorbs the expansion force generated during the charging and discharging of the battery cells.

[0074] Preferably, when a compression angle is set on the peripheral edge of the pressure plate body, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a first compression angle 16 can be provided on the periphery of the first plate 11, and a second compression angle 17 can be provided on the periphery of the second plate 12. After one end of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are fixed, the first compression angle 16 and the second compression angle 17 form a triangular buffer cavity. The buffer cavity is connected to the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity 13. The first compression angle 16 and / or the second compression angle 17 are provided with exhaust holes 15.

[0075] This embodiment also provides a heat dissipation component, such as... Figures 5-7 , Figures 16-20As shown, the device includes the aforementioned directional pressure relief plate and a liquid cooling plate 6. One end of the plate body 1, facing away from the vent 15, is connected to one side of the liquid cooling plate 6. The liquid cooling plate 6 has an inlet 62 and an outlet 63, located near both ends of the liquid cooling plate 6. Battery thermal runaway gas can be discharged through the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity of the plate body and from the vent, allowing the thermal runaway gas to exit from the side of the heat dissipation assembly facing away from the liquid cooling plate 6. Battery cells can be respectively disposed on both sides of the plate body. Since the two sides of the battery cells are in close contact with the sides of the plate body, the plate body plays a role in transferring heat from the battery cells to the liquid cooling plate, greatly increasing the heat transfer area of ​​the battery cells and improving heat dissipation, thus preventing overheating and fire.

[0076] like Figures 3-7 , Figures 14-20 As shown, a further embodiment of this solution includes providing a base plate 5 between the liquid cooling plate 6 and the pressure plate body 1. One end of the pressure plate body 1 facing away from the exhaust port 15 is connected to one side of the liquid cooling plate 6 via the base plate 5. The liquid cooling plate 6 can be directly connected to the pressure plate body 1, or it can be connected to the pressure plate body 1 via the base plate 5; different connection methods can be used as needed. Directly connecting the liquid cooling plate to the pressure plate body improves heat dissipation efficiency; connecting the pressure plate body via the base plate provides support and fixation for the pressure plate body.

[0077] A preferred embodiment of this solution is as follows: Figures 3-7 , Figures 14-20 As shown, a plurality of protruding structures 51 are formed on one side of the base plate 5, and a cell assembly groove 52 is reserved between two adjacent protruding structures 51; the end of the pressure plate body 1 facing away from the exhaust hole 15 is connected to the protruding structure 51. The pressure plate body 1 can be set on the protruding structure 51 of the base plate, and the cells can be respectively set in the cell assembly grooves on both sides of the pressure plate body. The protruding structure, the pressure plate body, and the cell assembly groove work together to further increase the heat transfer area of ​​the cell, which can better dissipate heat from the cell and prevent the cell from overheating and catching fire.

[0078] Further preferably, to facilitate a stable connection with the directional pressure relief plate and the liquid cooling plate 6, and to improve heat dissipation efficiency, a Z-shaped protrusion structure can be adopted. See the appendix for details. Figures 3-7 , Figures 14-20 .

[0079] The liquid cooling plate in this embodiment can adopt various structural forms. For example, the liquid cooling plate 6 is a flat plate structure, and the pressure plate body 1 or the base plate 5 is directly mounted on one side of the flat plate structure. Alternatively, multiple heat dissipation fins 61 are formed on the liquid cooling plate 6, and the pressure plate body 1 is mounted on the heat dissipation fins 61, or multiple liquid cooling plate mounting grooves 53 are formed on the other side of the base plate 5, and the heat dissipation fins 61 are assembled in the liquid cooling plate mounting grooves 53. The pressure plate body can be directly mounted on the heat dissipation fins to enhance the heat conduction effect; alternatively, the heat dissipation fins of the liquid cooling plate can be assembled in the liquid cooling plate mounting grooves corresponding to the bottom of the protruding structure of the base plate, so that the heat dissipation fins are in close contact with the groove wall of the liquid cooling plate mounting groove, increasing the heat transfer area, and allowing the heat transferred from the battery cell to the base plate through the pressure plate body to be further transferred to the liquid cooling plate with heat dissipation fins, thereby further dissipating heat from the battery cell.

[0080] For connection with the pressure plate body, the liquid cooling plate 6 or the base plate 5 is provided with a limiting structure, and one end of the pressure plate body 1 facing away from the exhaust hole 15 is limited in the limiting structure. The limiting structure can limit the pressure plate body and stably set the pressure plate body on the liquid cooling plate or the base plate, facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the liquid cooling plate or the base plate and the pressure plate body.

[0081] The limiting structure in this embodiment can adopt various structural forms, such as elastic clips or pressure hooks. The elastic clip can be a figure-eight shaped limiting piece 54, such as... Figures 3-7 As shown, the peripheral edge of the pressure plate body 1 is confined within the figure-eight shaped limiting piece 54. The figure-eight shaped limiting piece 54 not only positions the pressure plate body but also increases the area for heat conduction in contact with the battery.

[0082] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation assembly integrates the pressure plate body and the base plate. Since the two sides of the battery cell assembly can be tightly attached to the two sides of the pressure plate body, the pressure plate body transfers heat from the battery cell assembly to the base plate. The pressure plate body, base plate, and battery cell assembly slot work together to greatly increase the heat transfer area with the battery cell assembly, thus better dissipating heat and preventing overheating and fire. The base plate, with its U-shaped liquid cooling fins, also increases the heat transfer area by tightly fitting the base plate. Similarly, the sides of the cooling fins fit tightly against the raised structures on the base plate. The liquid cooling plate, with its bottom surface tightly fitted to the base plate, increases the heat transfer area, allowing the heat from the battery cell assembly to be transferred to the base plate via the pressure plate and further to the liquid cooling plate, thus dissipating heat from the battery cell assembly. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell assembly, a large amount of mixed gas is generated. This mixed gas, concentrated in a confined space, generates a certain pressure. At this time, the gas generated by thermal runaway can exert pressure on the pressure relief membrane at the top of the battery cell assembly through the directional heat dissipation channel until it ruptures and is released from the battery stacking module, preventing the battery stacking module from bulging and exploding.

[0083] This embodiment also provides a battery stacking module, such as Figures 4-7 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the device includes the aforementioned heat dissipation components and also includes battery cell groups 7. The battery cell groups 7 are stacked and respectively assembled in the corresponding battery cell assembly slots 52, with the pressure plate body 1 sandwiched between adjacent battery cell groups 7. In this embodiment, the battery stacking module can be grouped into battery modules or directly stacked into a battery stack. Thermal runaway gas can be discharged through the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity of the pressure plate body and from the exhaust port, allowing the thermal runaway gas to exit from the top of the battery stacking module, preventing explosions during thermal runaway and improving the safety performance of the battery stacking module.

[0084] Specifically, such as Figures 4-7 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, multiple battery cell groups 7 are arranged vertically and stacked horizontally, with the bottom mounted on the base plate 5 and a pressure relief membrane 8 provided on the top.

[0085] The battery stacking module of this embodiment has functions such as heat transfer, thermal runaway pressure relief, absorption of expansion force, and expansion displacement. On the one hand, the assembly system composed of the pressure plate body and the base plate maximizes the contact area between the pressure plate body and the battery cell, effectively transferring the heat generated by the battery cell. Finally, the heat can be transferred out through the maximized contact area between the base plate and the liquid cooling plate, achieving comprehensive heat dissipation of the battery module. On the other hand, the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity inside the pressure plate body can play a directional pressure relief role, improving the cycle life of the battery cell. The mixed gas generated by the battery cell in thermal runaway can be released to the outside of the module through the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity, preventing the battery module from exploding in the event of thermal runaway, thus improving the safety performance of the battery stacking module.

[0086] This embodiment also provides a battery pack, including the aforementioned battery stacking modules and a battery pack housing. The battery stacking modules are disposed within the battery pack housing. A pressure relief valve is provided on the battery pack housing away from the liquid cooling system. The battery pack housing has a pressure relief channel communicating with the pressure relief valve, and the vent 15 communicates with the pressure relief channel. When the aforementioned battery stacking modules are grouped to form battery modules, each battery module can be disposed within the battery pack housing. When the aforementioned battery stacking modules are directly stacked to form a battery stack, a module-free form can be adopted, and the battery stack can be directly stacked within the battery pack housing.

[0087] The battery pack in this embodiment can quickly dissipate the heat generated by thermal runaway of the battery stacking modules within the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0088] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "peripheral", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0089] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0090] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0091] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0092] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0093] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation component, characterized in that, The device includes a directional pressure relief plate and a liquid cooling plate (6). The directional pressure relief plate includes a plate body (1), which has a directional pressure relief interlayer cavity (13). The plate body (1) has a pressure relief hole (14) that communicates with the directional pressure relief interlayer cavity (13). The directional pressure relief interlayer cavity (13) of the plate body (1) is also provided with an elastic element (4) to buffer the pressure on both sides of the plate body (1). One end of the pressure plate body (1) is connected to one side of the liquid cooling plate (6).

2. The heat dissipation component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate body (1) includes a first plate (11) and a second plate (12) stacked together. The pressure plate body (1) is formed by an integral molding process to form the first plate (11) and the second plate (12) stacked together, or the first plate and the second plate are independently set and connected to each other by a connection process or connector.

3. The heat dissipation assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base plate (5), which is disposed between the liquid cooling plate (6) and the pressure plate body. One end of the periphery of the pressure plate body is connected to one side of the liquid cooling plate (6) through the base plate (5).

4. A heat dissipation assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base plate (5) has multiple protruding structures (51) on one side, and a cell assembly groove (52) is reserved between two adjacent protruding structures (51); one end of the pressure plate body (1) is connected to the protruding structure (51).

5. A heat dissipation assembly according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate (6) is a flat plate structure, and the pressure plate body (1) or the base plate (5) is directly installed on one side of the flat plate structure.

6. A heat dissipation assembly according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Multiple heat dissipation fins (61) are formed on the liquid cooling plate (6). The pressure plate body (1) is installed on the heat dissipation fins (61) or multiple liquid cooling plate assembly slots (53) are formed on the other side of the base plate (5). The heat dissipation fins (61) are assembled in the liquid cooling plate assembly slots (53).

7. A heat dissipation assembly according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate or the base plate (5) is provided with a limiting structure, and one end of the pressure plate body (1) is limited in the limiting structure.

8. A heat dissipation assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes a figure-eight limiting piece (54), and the peripheral edge of the pressure plate body (1) is limited in the figure-eight limiting piece (54).

9. A battery stacking module, characterized in that, The heat dissipation assembly includes any one of claims 1 to 8, and further includes a battery cell group (7), wherein the battery cell groups (7) are stacked and the pressure plate body (1) is sandwiched between two adjacent battery cell groups (7).

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery stacking module as described in claim 9 further includes a battery pack housing, the battery stacking module being disposed within the battery pack housing, a pressure relief valve being provided on the battery pack housing at a position away from the liquid cooling system, and the battery pack housing having a pressure relief channel communicating with the pressure relief valve.

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