A dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration

Abstract

The application discloses a dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration. The dredging system comprises a traction device, a scraper mechanism and a sludge conveying pipeline, the traction device is in transmission connection with the scraper mechanism, the scraper mechanism is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge conveying pipeline is in communication with the sludge outlet; the scraper mechanism comprises a scraper body, a sludge scraping plate, a skid structure and a walking wheel, a sludge inlet is formed in the front side of the scraper body, and a sludge guide bottom plate is arranged at the lower portion of the scraper body; the skid structure is adjustably arranged on the front side of the scraper body and located at the upper portion of the sludge inlet, the adjusting direction of the skid structure is arranged along the height direction of the sludge inlet, the bottom surface of the skid structure is used for being in contact with the surface of a sludge layer to slide along the surface of the sludge layer; the walking wheel is rotatably arranged at the rear portion of the scraper body, and the sludge scraping plate is detachably connected to the front side edge of the sludge guide bottom plate; in the process of advancing, the front edge of the sludge scraping plate is not lower than the lowest point of the walking wheel; and the scraper body is further provided with a traction point and a counterweight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy dredging technology, and in particular to a dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration. Background Technology

[0002] Water conservancy projects such as rivers and reservoirs serve functions such as flood control, drainage, water storage, and navigation. In practice, the long-term accumulation of silt at the bottom of the water not only affects the flood control and drainage functions, but also leads to the proliferation of algae, accelerating eutrophication and ultimately causing black and odorous water bodies.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for dredging and siltation in water conservancy projects are mechanical dredging and hydraulic dredging. Mechanical dredging is further divided into dry dredging and grab dredging. I. Dry dredging is commonly used for river dredging. The specific procedure involves: first, temporarily constructing a cofferdam in the river channel to enclose a section of the river as a work area. The cofferdam prevents external river water from flowing in and drains the water from the work area. Then, an excavator is used to excavate the silt at the bottom. After thorough cleaning, the cofferdam is dismantled, and the operation is repeated in other sections of the river. This method requires the river section to be cut off from flow, and the silt accumulation on the banks affects the ecological environment along the banks. It involves a large amount of work and has high construction costs. II. Grab dredging uses grab dredgers for siltation operations. Grab dredgers have specific draft requirements. For severely silted, cut-off rivers or reservoirs, it is difficult to meet the requirements for launching and navigating grab dredgers, resulting in many limitations in their application.

[0004] Third, hydraulic dredging disperses silt through mechanical agitation or water flow, mixing the silt with water to form a slurry, which is then pumped out. This method is unsuitable for dredging soil-bearing water bodies, and the complete mixing of silt into the water body leads to severe damage to the aquatic ecosystem, making ecological restoration extremely difficult.

[0005] In summary, all existing dredging and treatment methods have their own drawbacks. Without interrupting the flow of the river section and avoiding the erosion of silt, it is difficult to carry out effective dredging operations on water conservancy projects with severe siltation. Harmful components in the silt can easily mix into the water body and cause water damage, making it impossible to achieve the goal of rapid ecological restoration of water conservancy after dredging. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration. It solves the problem that without interrupting the flow of the river section and avoiding the scouring of silt, it is difficult to carry out effective dredging operations on severely silted water conservancy projects. Harmful components in the silt can easily mix into the water body, causing water damage and making it impossible to achieve rapid ecological restoration of water conservancy after dredging.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration includes a traction device, a scraper mechanism, and a sludge discharge and conveying pipeline. The traction device is connected to the scraper mechanism, the scraper mechanism is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge discharge and conveying pipeline is connected to the sludge outlet.

[0011] The scraper mechanism includes a scraper body, a scraper blade, a skid structure, and a traveling wheel. The scraper body has a mud inlet on the front side and a mud outlet on the rear side. The scraper body has a mud guide plate at the bottom, which protrudes from the front side of the mud inlet.

[0012] The skid structure is adjustablely installed on the front side of the scraper body and located above the mud inlet. The adjustment direction of the skid structure is set along the height direction of the mud inlet. The bottom surface of the skid structure is used to contact and cooperate with the surface of the silt layer so that the skid structure can slide along the surface of the silt layer.

[0013] The traveling wheel is rotatably mounted on the rear of the scraper body. The traveling wheel is used to roll on the bottom surface of the water after scraping silt. The scraper plate is detachably connected to the front edge of the guide plate. During the movement of the scraper mechanism, the front edge of the scraper plate is not lower than the lowest point of the traveling wheel.

[0014] The scraper body is also provided with a traction point and a counterweight. The traction point is connected to the traction device by a main rope to generate traction force on the scraper body. The counterweight is located on the rear side of the skid structure to generate downward pressure on the scraper body.

[0015] Preferably, the mud guide plate is inclined to the bottom surface of the skid structure, and the mud guide plate and the bottom surface of the skid structure form an arbitrary angle between 15° and 45°, and the mud scraper is arranged parallel to the mud guide plate.

[0016] Preferably, the mud guide plate and the bottom surface of the skid structure form an arbitrary angle between 20° and 35°, the mud scraper is slidably mounted on the front side of the mud guide plate, and the mud scraper and the mud guide plate are connected by fasteners.

[0017] Preferably, the front side of the mud guide plate is provided with an adjustment elongated hole, the length direction of which is the same as the mud inlet direction, and the scraper plate is provided with an installation hole, in which fixing bolts are installed.

[0018] Preferably, during the travel process, the scraper mechanism bears the traction force of the main rope as T, the mud guide plate and the scraper plate are subjected to the first reaction force of the silt as F1, the skid structure is subjected to the second reaction force of the silt layer as F2, and the traveling wheel is subjected to the support force of the bottom surface after scraping the silt as N.

[0019] The total weight of the scraper mechanism is G. During the movement, the total weight G, the traction force T, the first reaction force F1, the second reaction force F2, and the supporting force N are in a state of equilibrium.

[0020] Preferably, the skid structure includes a sliding plate and at least two support rods, the at least two support rods being connected between the scraper body and the sliding plate, the at least two support rods being spaced apart along the width direction of the mud inlet, and the front and rear sides of the sliding plate being provided with upward-curving guide edges respectively.

[0021] Preferably, the support rod includes an externally threaded rod and an internally threaded tube. The upper end of the externally threaded rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the scraper body. The externally threaded rod cooperates with the internally threaded tube. The lower end of the internally threaded tube is connected to the slide plate by a pin.

[0022] Preferably, the sludge conveying pipeline includes a rigid pipe section and a flexible pipe section. The rigid pipe section is connected between the sludge outlet and the flexible pipe section. A spiral shaft is rotatably installed inside the rigid pipe section, and a drive motor is driven to the end of the spiral shaft to convey and discharge sludge from inside the scraper body through the rigid pipe section and the flexible pipe section.

[0023] Preferably, the rigid pipe section includes an inclined pipe section and a vertical pipe section. The inclined pipe section is fixedly connected to the mud outlet and extends parallel to the surface of the mud guide plate. The vertical pipe section is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined pipe section. A helical shaft is rotatably installed inside the inclined pipe section and the vertical pipe section, and the two helical shafts are connected by a ball joint.

[0024] Preferably, the counterweight is fixedly installed on the lower side of the mud guide plate, and the center of gravity of the counterweight is located behind the geometric center of the scraper body. The mass of the counterweight is any size between 100kg and 500kg.

[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration employs a design consisting of a traction device, a scraper mechanism, and a sludge discharge pipeline. The traction device powers the scraper mechanism, which travels underwater and scrapes sludge into the scraper body. The sludge discharge pipeline connects to the scraper mechanism's outlet, discharging the collected sludge outside the water body. The scraper mechanism includes a scraper body, scraper blades, a skid structure, and wheels. The guide plate is located at the bottom of the scraper body and protrudes from the front of the inlet. The skid structure is adjustable and mounted on the front of the scraper body, above the inlet. The wheels are rotatably mounted at the rear of the scraper body.

[0028] The scraper body features a rationally designed layout of a guide plate, a skid structure, and traveling wheels. The skid structure, located at the upper front, engages with the surface of the silt layer through its bottom surface, generating a lifting force on the front of the scraper body and preventing it and the guide plate from sinking deeper into the silt layer. The traveling wheels, located at the rear, serve as the primary pressure-bearing component, providing support to the rear of the scraper body. Furthermore, the wheels roll on the bottom surface after scraping silt, reducing excessive contact between the scraper body and the silt, ensuring smooth forward movement of the scraper mechanism.

[0029] The skid structure and the traveling wheels generate lifting and supporting forces on the scraper body, respectively. The scraper blade is detachably connected to the front edge of the guide plate. During the movement of the scraper mechanism, the front edge of the scraper blade is not lower than the lowest point of the traveling wheels, ensuring the stability of the scraper body during operation. The scraper blade and the guide plate form a scraping surface. As the scraper body moves along the silt layer, it can scrape and peel off the entire layer of silt from the bottom of the water. The silt is then collected in the scraper body by sliding along the scraping surface. At the same time, the water inside the scraper body is squeezed out. Finally, the silt is discharged through the silt outlet and the silt conveying pipeline.

[0030] Without interrupting the flow of the river section, effective dredging operations can be carried out on severely silted water conservancy projects. This avoids flushing and stirring of silt, preventing the introduction of harmful components from the silt into the water and causing water body damage, thus achieving the goal of rapid ecological restoration of water conservancy after dredging. In addition, the counterweight is located on the rear side of the skid structure, which can generate downward pressure on the scraper body to ensure that the front and rear forces of the scraper body are basically balanced, thereby overcoming the problem of forward tipping due to traction force. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the scraper mechanism in a specific embodiment of the dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a vertical sectional view of the scraper mechanism in a specific embodiment of the dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of a dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration, as described in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1-scraper body, 10-mud inlet, 11-mud guide plate, 12-scraper blade, 13-walking wheel, 14-traction point, 15-counterweight;

[0035] 2-Sludge conveying pipeline, 21-Hard pipe section, 211-Vertical pipe section, 212-Inclined pipe section, 22-Hose section, 23-Spiral shaft, 24-Drive motor;

[0036] 3-Skipping structure, 30-Skip, 31-External threaded rod, 32-Internal threaded tube, 33-Diagonal brace, 4-Main rope. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration includes a traction device, a scraper mechanism, and a sludge conveying pipeline 2. The traction device is connected to the scraper mechanism via a drive. The scraper mechanism is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge conveying pipeline 2 is connected to the sludge outlet of the scraper mechanism. The scraper mechanism includes a scraper body 1, a scraper blade 12, a skid structure 3, and a traveling wheel 13. A sludge inlet 10 is provided on the front side of the scraper body 1, and the sludge outlet is located on the rear side of the scraper body 1. A sludge guide plate 11 is provided at the lower part of the scraper body 1, and the sludge guide plate 11 protrudes from the front side of the sludge inlet 10.

[0039] The skid structure 3 is adjustablely installed on the front side of the scraper body 1 and located above the mud inlet 10. The adjustment direction of the skid structure 3 is set along the height direction of the mud inlet 10. The bottom surface of the skid structure 3 is used to contact and cooperate with the surface of the silt layer so that the skid structure 3 can slide along the surface of the silt layer. The traveling wheel 13 is rotatably installed on the rear of the scraper body 1. The traveling wheel 13 is used to roll on the bottom surface of the water after scraping the silt. The scraper plate 12 is detachably connected to the front edge of the mud guide plate 11. During the movement of the scraper mechanism, the front edge of the scraper plate 12 is not lower than the lowest point of the traveling wheel 13.

[0040] The scraper body 1 is also provided with a traction point 14 and a counterweight 15. The traction point 14 is connected to the traction device by a main rope 4 to generate traction force on the scraper body 1. The counterweight 15 is located on the rear side of the skid structure 3 to generate downward pressure on the scraper body 1.

[0041] The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration adopts a design consisting of a traction device, a scraper mechanism, and a sludge discharge pipeline 2. The traction device provides propulsion to the scraper mechanism, which moves along the bottom of the water and scrapes the sludge into the scraper body 1. The sludge discharge pipeline 2 is connected to the sludge outlet of the scraper mechanism, and the collected sludge is discharged outside the water body through the sludge discharge pipeline 2. The scraper mechanism includes a scraper body 1, a scraper blade 12, a skid structure 3, and wheels 13. The guide plate 11 is located at the lower part of the scraper body 1 and protrudes from the front of the sludge inlet 10. The skid structure 3 is adjustablely installed on the front of the scraper body 1 and located above the sludge inlet 10. The wheels 13 are rotatably installed at the rear of the scraper body 1.

[0042] A mud-guiding bottom plate 11, a skid structure 3, and traveling wheels 13 are rationally arranged on the scraper body 1. The skid structure 3 is located at the upper front side. Through the contact and cooperation between the bottom surface of the skid structure 3 and the surface of the silt layer, a lifting force is generated on the front side of the scraper body 1, preventing the scraper body 1 and the mud-guiding bottom plate 11 from sinking deeper into the silt layer. The traveling wheels 13 are located at the rear. As the main pressure-bearing part, they provide support to the rear of the scraper body 1. Furthermore, the traveling wheels 13 roll on the bottom surface after scraping the silt, reducing excessive contact between the scraper body 1 and the bottom silt, ensuring that the scraper mechanism can move forward smoothly.

[0043] The skid structure 3 and the traveling wheel 13 respectively generate lifting and supporting forces on the scraper body 1. The scraper plate 12 is detachably connected to the front edge of the guide plate 11. During the movement of the scraper mechanism, the front edge of the scraper plate 12 is not lower than the lowest point of the traveling wheel 13, ensuring the stability of the scraper body 1 during operation. The scraper plate 12 and the guide plate 11 form a scraping surface. As the scraper body 1 moves along the silt layer, it can scrape and peel off the entire layer of silt at the bottom of the water. Then, the silt is collected in the scraper body 1 by sliding through the scraping surface. At the same time, the water inside the scraper body 1 is squeezed out. Finally, the silt is discharged through the sludge outlet and the sludge conveying pipeline 2.

[0044] Without interrupting the flow of the river section, effective dredging operations can be carried out on severely silted water conservancy projects, avoiding the flushing and stirring of silt and preventing water body damage caused by harmful components in the silt mixing into the water body. This achieves the goal of rapid ecological restoration of water conservancy after dredging. In addition, the counterweight 15 is located on the rear side of the skid structure 3, which can generate downward pressure on the scraper body 1, ensuring that the front and rear forces of the scraper body 1 are basically balanced, so as to overcome the problem of forward tipping due to traction force.

[0045] The mud-guiding base plate 11 is inclined to the bottom surface of the skid structure 3, and the mud-guiding base plate 11 and the bottom surface of the skid structure 3 form an arbitrary angle between 15° and 45°. The scraper plate 12 is arranged parallel to the mud-guiding base plate 11. During the movement, the bottom surface of the skid structure 3 always slides along the surface of the silt layer, that is, the bottom surface of the skid structure 3 and the surface of the silt layer are in a relatively parallel position relationship, while the mud-guiding base plate 11 and the bottom surface of the skid structure 3 form an arbitrary angle between 15° and 45°, which limits the angle at which the mud-guiding base plate 11 enters the silt layer.

[0046] Through the structural design of the scraper mechanism, the external traction force can be converted into the power to drive the guide plate 11 forward. The inclined surface of the guide plate 11 plays a scraping and peeling role on the silt layer, thereby effectively scraping up the silt layer during the movement and allowing the silt to enter the internal space of the scraper body 1 obliquely upward along the guide plate 11, thus realizing the purpose of scraping and separating the silt layer and collecting, transporting and discharging it.

[0047] As a further preferred embodiment, the mud guide plate 11 and the bottom surface of the skid structure 3 form an angle between 20° and 35°. The scraper plate 12 is slidably mounted on the front side of the mud guide plate 11, and a fastener connects the scraper plate 12 and the mud guide plate 11. In this embodiment, the mud guide plate 11 and the skid structure 3 form an angle of 25°, meaning that the mud guide plate 11 enters the silt layer at a downward 25° angle. This angle balances the scraping depth of the silt layer and the smoothness of the silt entering the scraper body 1 along the mud guide plate 11. To meet different usage requirements, when the silt layer is thick but soft inside, the angle between the bottom surface of the mud guide plate and the bottom surface of the skid structure can be selected as 30° or 35°, or any other angle between 25° and 45°; correspondingly, when the silt layer is thin and hard inside, the angle between the bottom surface of the mud guide plate and the bottom surface of the skid structure can be selected as 15° or 20°, or any other angle between 15° and 25°.

[0048] Furthermore, an adjustment elongated hole is provided on the front side of the mud guide plate 11. The length direction of the adjustment elongated hole is the same as the mud inlet direction of the mud inlet 10. The scraper 12 is provided with a mounting hole, and fixing bolts are installed in the mounting hole of the scraper 12 and the adjustment elongated hole of the mud guide plate 11. Through the adjustment elongated hole of the mud guide plate 11, the mounting hole of the scraper 12, and the fixing bolts, the scraper 12 can be reliably fixed on the front side of the mud guide plate 11. The extension length of the scraper 12 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation to adapt to the scraping of silt at different depths. Increasing the extension length of the scraper 12 can scrape out a deeper layer of silt, thereby ensuring that the bottom silt can be thoroughly cleaned.

[0049] During the movement, the scraper mechanism bears the traction force T of the main rope 4, the mud guide plate 11 and the scraper plate 12 are subjected to the first reaction force F1 of the silt, the skid structure 3 is subjected to the second reaction force F2 of the silt layer, and the traveling wheel 13 is subjected to the support force N of the bottom surface after scraping the silt; the total weight of the scraper mechanism is G. During the movement, the total weight G, the traction force T, the first reaction force F1, the second reaction force F2 and the support force N are in a state of five-force equilibrium.

[0050] The external power source of this scraper mechanism is the traction force T provided by the main rope 4. The traction force T generates a scraping force on the silt layer through the mud guide plate 11, making the scraper body 1 work like a hoe. It can peel off and remove the entire layer of silt, avoiding direct mixing of silt with water and preventing water pollution caused by harmful components in the silt. The scraping force and the first reaction force F1 are a pair of interacting forces. The total weight of the scraper mechanism, G, is used to balance the supporting force N of the bottom surface after the silt is scraped from the traveling wheel 13 and the second reaction force F2 of the silt layer on the skid structure 3, to prevent the scraper mechanism from tipping forward during travel.

[0051] The dredging system can be operated using a shore winch, such as... Figure 3 As shown, first, a fixed anchor point is selected on one side of the river channel, and an auxiliary rope is connected to the anchor point. A movable pulley is installed at the other end of the auxiliary rope, positioned along the travel path of the scraper mechanism. Then, a corresponding fixed anchor point is selected on the other side of the river channel, and a winch is installed at that location. The main rope 4 is connected between the winch, the movable pulley, and the scraper body 1, ensuring good coordination between the main rope 4 and the movable pulley. The winch is started to wind up the main rope 4, driving the scraper mechanism forward at a constant speed, controlled within the range of 2 to 10 meters per minute. This prevents the scraped silt from overflowing from the scraper body 1 due to excessive speed, thus avoiding water pollution.

[0052] In other embodiments, in order to meet the dredging requirements under different conditions, if the water surface width of the water conservancy project is too large, or if the water conservancy project has sufficient water depth, a tugboat can also be selected as a traction device. The tugboat is directly connected to the main rope of the scraper mechanism, and starting the tugboat can drive the scraper mechanism to carry out dredging operations, making the construction more convenient.

[0053] The skid structure 3 includes a skid plate 30 and at least two support rods. The at least two support rods are connected between the scraper body 1 and the skid plate 30. The at least two support rods are spaced apart along the width direction of the mud inlet 10. The front and rear sides of the skid plate 30 are respectively provided with upward-curving guide edges. The vertical projection outline of the skid plate 30 is rectangular. The at least two support rods ensure that the skid plate 30 is reliably supported in the width direction of the mud inlet 10. The upward-curving guide edges can effectively prevent the skid plate 30 from inserting into the silt layer, ensuring that it can glide smoothly on the surface of the silt layer.

[0054] As a further preferred embodiment, the support rod includes an externally threaded rod 31 and an internally threaded tube 32. The upper end of the externally threaded rod 31 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the scraper body 1. The externally threaded rod 31 and the internally threaded tube 32 cooperate with each other, and the lower end of the internally threaded tube 32 is connected to the slide plate 30 by a pin. In use, the slide plate 30 is first disassembled from the support rod to determine the depth of sludge scraping. The height difference between the bottom surface of the slide plate 30 and the front edge of the scraper 12 is used as the set value. The length of the support rod is adjusted by rotating the internally threaded tube 32. After the lengths of the two support rods are adjusted to the correct position, the two internally threaded tubes 32 are connected to the two pin seats of the slide plate 20 by the pin, thereby fixing the bottom height of the slide plate 30.

[0055] Furthermore, two diagonal braces 33 are provided between the internally threaded pipe 32 and the slide plate 30. The slide plate 30 is also equipped with a front pin seat and a rear pin seat, allowing the two diagonal braces 33 to connect the slide plate 30 and the support rod one in front of the other. The diagonal braces 33, one in front of the other, improve the reliability between the slide plate 30 and the support rod, avoiding problems such as deformation or deflection of the slide plate 30 due to insufficient structural strength.

[0056] As a further preferred embodiment, the sludge conveying pipeline 2 includes a rigid pipe section 21 and a flexible pipe section 22. The rigid pipe section 21 connects the sludge outlet and the flexible pipe section 22. A screw shaft 23 is rotatably mounted inside the rigid pipe section 21, and a drive motor 24 is driven to the end of the screw shaft 23 to convey and discharge sludge from inside the scraper body 1 through the rigid pipe section 21 and the flexible pipe section 22. The rigid pipe section 21 uses the screw shaft 23 to convey sludge. The screw conveying is highly efficient and can disperse agglomerated sludge into a fluid state, facilitating subsequent flexible pipe conveying. The sludge accumulated inside the scraper body 1 is conveyed through the rigid pipe section 21 to the flexible pipe section 22, and then connected to the transport vehicle on the shore through the flexible pipe section 22.

[0057] In this embodiment, the rigid pipe section 21 includes an inclined pipe section 212 and a vertical pipe section 211. The inclined pipe section 212 is fixedly connected to the mud outlet and extends parallel to the surface of the mud guide bottom plate 11. The vertical pipe section 212 is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined pipe section 212. The inclined pipe section 212 and the vertical pipe section 211 are respectively rotatably installed with a spiral shaft 23, and the two spiral shafts 23 are connected by a ball joint.

[0058] Specifically, the drive motor 24 is installed on the top of the vertical pipe section 211. The motor shaft of the drive motor 24 is connected to the anti-rotation screw shaft 23 in the vertical pipe section 211. A hose interface is provided on the upper side of the vertical pipe section 211. The hose part 22 is sealed and connected to the hose interface. The screw shaft in the inclined pipe section 212 and the screw shaft 23 in the vertical pipe section 211 are connected by a universal joint. The drive motor 24 can drive the screw shafts in the vertical pipe section 211 and the inclined pipe section 212 to work synchronously so as to smoothly transport the sludge inside the scraper body 1 to the hose part 22.

[0059] In addition, the counterweight 15 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the mud guide plate 11, and the center of gravity of the counterweight 15 is located behind the geometric center of the scraper body 1. The mass of the counterweight 15 can be any size between 100kg and 500kg. Specifically, the counterweight 15 can be made of concrete blocks, iron blocks, etc. The counterweight 15 is fixed on the lower side of the mud guide plate 11 and located behind the geometric center of the scraper body 1, which can generate sufficient downward pressure on the rear of the scraper body 1, ensuring that the front and rear forces of the scraper body 1 are basically balanced, thereby overcoming the problem of forward tipping due to traction force.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration, characterized in that, It includes a traction device, a scraper mechanism, and a sludge discharge and conveying pipeline. The traction device is connected to the scraper mechanism in a transmission manner. The scraper mechanism is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge discharge and conveying pipeline is connected to the sludge outlet. The scraper mechanism includes a scraper body, a scraper blade, a skid structure, and a traveling wheel. The scraper body has a mud inlet on the front side and a mud outlet on the rear side. The scraper body has a mud guide plate at the bottom, which protrudes from the front side of the mud inlet. The skid structure is adjustablely installed on the front side of the scraper body and located above the mud inlet. The adjustment direction of the skid structure is set along the height direction of the mud inlet. The bottom surface of the skid structure is used to contact and cooperate with the surface of the silt layer so that the skid structure can slide along the surface of the silt layer. The traveling wheel is rotatably mounted on the rear of the scraper body. The traveling wheel is used to roll on the bottom surface of the water after scraping silt. The scraper plate is detachably connected to the front edge of the guide plate. During the movement of the scraper mechanism, the front edge of the scraper plate is not lower than the lowest point of the traveling wheel. The scraper body is also provided with a traction point and a counterweight. The traction point is connected to the traction device by a main rope to generate traction force on the scraper body. The counterweight is located on the rear side of the skid structure to generate downward pressure on the scraper body. The mud guide plate is inclined to the bottom surface of the skid structure, and the mud guide plate and the bottom surface of the skid structure form an arbitrary angle between 15° and 45°. The mud scraper is arranged parallel to the mud guide plate. During the movement, the scraper mechanism bears the traction force of the main rope, which is T; the mud guide plate and the scraper plate are subjected to the first reaction force of the silt, which is F1; the skid structure is subjected to the second reaction force of the silt layer, which is F2; ​​and the traveling wheel is subjected to the support force of the bottom surface after scraping the silt, which is N. The total weight of the scraper mechanism is G. During the movement, the total weight G, the traction force T, the first reaction force F1, the second reaction force F2, and the supporting force N are in a state of equilibrium.

2. The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud guide plate and the bottom surface of the skid structure form an arbitrary angle between 20° and 35°. The mud scraper is slidably installed on the front side of the mud guide plate, and fasteners are connected between the mud scraper and the mud guide plate.

3. The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that: An adjustment elongated hole is provided on the front side of the mud guide plate. The length direction of the adjustment elongated hole is the same as the mud inlet direction. An installation hole is provided on the mud scraper plate. Fixing bolts are installed in the installation hole and the adjustment elongated hole.

4. The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skid structure includes a sliding plate and at least two support rods. The at least two support rods are connected between the scraper body and the sliding plate. The at least two support rods are spaced apart along the width direction of the mud inlet. The front and rear sides of the sliding plate are respectively provided with upward-curving guide edges.

5. The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support rod includes an externally threaded rod and an internally threaded tube. The upper end of the externally threaded rod is fixedly connected to the top wall of the scraper body. The externally threaded rod cooperates with the internally threaded tube. The lower end of the internally threaded tube is connected to the slide plate by a pin.

6. The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge conveying pipeline includes a rigid pipe section and a flexible pipe section. The rigid pipe section is connected between the sludge outlet and the flexible pipe section. A spiral shaft is rotatably installed inside the rigid pipe section. A drive motor is connected to the end of the spiral shaft to convey and discharge sludge from inside the scraper body through the rigid pipe section and the flexible pipe section.

7. The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rigid pipe section includes an inclined pipe section and a vertical pipe section. The inclined pipe section is fixedly connected to the mud outlet and extends parallel to the surface of the mud guide plate. The vertical pipe section is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined pipe section. A helical shaft is rotatably installed inside the inclined pipe section and the vertical pipe section, and the two helical shafts are connected by a ball joint.

8. The dredging system for water conservancy ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight is fixedly installed on the lower side of the mud guide plate, and the center of gravity of the counterweight is located behind the geometric center of the scraper body. The mass of the counterweight is any size between 100kg and 500kg.

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