A seismic shotpoint detection method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas seismic exploration, and particularly relates to a seismic shot point detection method. The present application searches in the longitudinal and transverse directions by giving the maximum offset, detects the construction design shot point data, and specifically detects whether the construction design group design shot point has enough shot points corresponding to the theoretical design, finds out the shot points without corresponding relationship between the theoretical design and the construction design as the empty shot points, finds out the points without corresponding relationship in the construction design as the redundant shot points, can find out the problems in time before the construction, feeds back to the construction group, guides to require to redesign, and better achieves the purpose of construction requirements. Meanwhile, the redundant shot points in the design shot points which cannot be paired are found out, and these shot points can be removed to optimize the design scheme and reduce the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration technology, specifically relating to a method for detecting seismic shot points. Background Technology

[0002] During seismic data acquisition, the construction plan is first determined based on the construction location and scope, geological requirements, and the client's indoor acquisition design personnel design the theoretical shot locations, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the theoretical shot point location data and shot point offset rules are then distributed to the construction party (Party B).

[0003] The construction team obtained the theoretical blasting point location data and blasting point offset rules to conduct construction design. The team plotted the theoretical blasting point location data on a map and found that the blasting point was in an obstacle zone, making firing impossible. It needed to avoid the obstacles and be offset to a position where firing was permissible; this process is called blasting point offset. During the blasting point offset process, the construction team implemented the blasting point offset according to the blasting point offset rules provided by the client.

[0004] The offset rules define the maximum offset distance and direction for the shot points, such as a maximum offset distance of 600m, 500m, or 400m. The offset direction includes both longitudinal (along the receiver direction) and lateral (along the receiver line, i.e., along the shot line). Under the condition of offsetting within the maximum offset distance, longitudinal offset is preferred. If the longitudinal obstacle area is too large to meet the offset requirements, lateral offset is used. Then, a site survey is conducted for verification, followed by a return to the indoor area to modify the shot point offset plan, ultimately forming the construction design shot point location plan, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the final location of the blasting points in the construction design is handed over to the relevant construction personnel for implementation.

[0005] With the development of seismic exploration and the continuous improvement of my country's industrialization, the density of blast points in new work areas is increasing, as are the obstacle areas and their extent, making the construction design process much more complex. Currently, during construction, many construction teams design more blast points in easily accessible areas and fewer or no blast points in difficult areas, focusing only on reaching the required number of blast points and coverage times. This results in many areas failing to meet construction design requirements and creating significant gaps. When the client inspects, there is no clear standard to measure and constrain the design. Accurately identifying unexploded and redundant blast points and providing feedback to the construction team to guide redesign is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seismic shot point detection method to solve the problem of failing to meet construction requirements due to the inability to accurately determine empty shot points and / or redundant shot points.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for detecting seismic shot points, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) Define the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the theoretical shot point set and the construction design shot point set in the same way;

[0009] 2) Take a shot point from the theoretical shot point set, with its horizontal and vertical coordinates as Crossline and Inline, respectively. Search the construction design shot point set for a shot point with a horizontal coordinate within the range of Crossline±OffsetY and a vertical coordinate of Inline±OffsetX. If it exists, determine that the searched point is paired with the shot point mentioned above, and delete both points from the construction design shot point set and the theoretical shot point set, respectively. After deletion, repeat step 2) until all shot points in the theoretical shot point set have been searched. If it does not exist, take the next shot point from the theoretical shot point set and repeat step 2). Here, OffsetY and OffsetX are the set horizontal and vertical offsets of the shot point, respectively.

[0010] 3) Adjust OffsetY and / or OffsetX, and repeat steps 2) and 3) until the requirements are met;

[0011] 4) Determine the no-shot points and / or redundant shot points; the no-shot points and redundant shot points are the remaining shot points in the theoretical shot point set and the remaining shot points in the construction design shot point set obtained after step 3) is completed.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Under the given maximum offset distance of the offset rule, this invention compares the theoretical shot point data and the construction design shot point data to detect whether the shot points designed by the construction design team have enough shot points to correspond with the theoretical design. Shot points that do not correspond to the theoretical design in the construction design are identified as empty shot points, and points that do not correspond to the construction design are identified as redundant shot points. Feedback is given to the construction team to guide the redesign, add empty shot points, and eliminate redundant shot points, so as to ultimately achieve the construction requirements. This is of great significance for improving the quality of seismic acquisition and controlling construction costs.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for adjusting OffsetY and OffsetX in step 3) and re-executing steps 2) and 3) until the requirements are met is as follows:

[0014] 3.1) Increase OffsetK1, keep OffsetK2 at its initial value, and repeat steps 2) and 3.1) until OffsetK1 reaches the maximum lateral offset. Then, based on the construction design shot point set and theoretical shot point set obtained in this step, execute step 3.2).

[0015] 3.2) Increase OffsetK2, keep OffsetK1 at its initial value, and repeat steps 2) and 3.2) until OffsetK2 reaches the maximum vertical offset;

[0016] When OffsetK1 is OffsetY, OffsetK2 is OffsetX; when OffsetK1 is OffsetX, OffsetK2 is OffsetY.

[0017] Furthermore, the direction of the receiving line is vertical, and the direction perpendicular to the receiving line is horizontal.

[0018] Furthermore, the receiving line direction is vertical, and the direction perpendicular to the receiving line is horizontal; the initial value of OffsetY is 0, and the increment of OffsetY each time is dy, which is the ratio of the horizontal offset grid line distance OffsetNetY to the unit length of the defined horizontal coordinate. The maximum horizontal offset MaxOffsetY is: MaxOffsetY=Ny*dy, Ny=[MaxOffset / OffsetNetY], [] indicates rounding down, and MaxOffset represents the maximum offset.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: each time only one dy is added, and the search range is gradually increased to ensure that the construction design blast point corresponding to the theoretical blast point is found.

[0020] Furthermore, the initial value of OffsetX is 0. The increment of OffsetX each time is dx, which is the ratio of the longitudinal shot point offset grid spacing OffsetNetX to the unit length of the defined ordinate. The maximum longitudinal offset MaxOffsetX is: MaxOffsetX = Nx * dx, Nx = [MaxOffset / OffsetNetX].

[0021] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: each time only one dx is added, and the search range is gradually increased to ensure that the construction design blast point corresponding to the theoretical blast point is found.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes using different colors to display empty shot points and redundant shot points.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: using different colors to display empty shot points and redundant shot points is more intuitive. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is the theoretical SPS distribution diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the design SPS distribution diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the seismic acquisition airshot point detection method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the color settings for different attributes of the firing points according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the firing point of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical means, creative features, workflow, and usage methods of this invention easier to understand and achieve their objectives and effects, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Method Implementation Examples:

[0031] Before introducing how to implement the seismic shot point detection method of this invention, some definitions used in the method are explained: Shot points along the receiver line direction (i.e., along the shot line direction) are longitudinal, numbered as point numbers; those perpendicular to the receiver line direction (i.e., along the detector line) are transverse, numbered as line numbers. This process is equivalent to defining a custom set of horizontal and vertical coordinates. The longitudinal shot point offset grid is the receiver trace distance OffsetNetX, with its numbering increment dx; the transverse offset grid is the receiver line distance OffsetNetY, with its numbering increment dy. Given a maximum offset MaxOffset, the maximum number of longitudinal offset grids Nx = [MaxOffset / OffsetNetX], where [] indicates rounding down, and the maximum offset point number MaxOffsetX = Nx * dx; the maximum number of transverse offset grids Ny = [MaxOffset / OffsetNetY], and the maximum offset line number MaxOffsetY = Ny * dy. The shot point's longitudinal offset is OffsetX, and its transverse offset is OffsetY. This method can be implemented given the SPS and the shot point station numbers (Crossline, Inline), where Inline is the numbering along the longitudinal direction of the receiver point and Crossline is the numbering along the transverse direction of the receiver line. The specific process is as follows:

[0032] 1) Given theoretical SPS and construction design SPS. Group these two SPS data according to the horizontal line number. Place points with the same line number but different point numbers in one group. Then arrange all groups in descending order of line number, and within the same group, arrange them in descending order of point number.

[0033] 2) Perform the search, with the horizontal offset starting from OffsetY=0 and the vertical offset starting from OffsetX=0.

[0034] 3) Take the first shot point (Corssline1, Inline1) of the first group Crossline1 from the theoretical SPS. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group whose line number is within the range of Crossline1±OffsetY. From the shot line group, find the point whose point number is within the range of Inline1±OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (Corssline1, Inline1) (only 1 pairing will be successful) and put it into the paired shot point set. At the same time, remove these two paired points from the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set respectively.

[0035] 4) Take the next shot point (Corssline1, Inline2) of the first group of Crossline1 from the theoretical SPS. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group whose line number is in the range of Crossline1±OffsetY. From the shot line group, find the point whose point number is in the range of Inline2±OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (Corssline1, Inline2). At the same time, remove the two paired points from the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set respectively.

[0036] 5) Repeat step 4) until the first set of shot points has been found.

[0037] 6) Take the first shot point (Corssline2, Inline1) of a group of shot points from the theoretical SPS. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group whose line number is in the range of Crossline2±OffsetY. From the shot line group, find the point whose point number is in the range of Inline1±OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (Corssline2, Inline1) and put it into the paired shot point set. At the same time, remove the paired point from both the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set.

[0038] 7) Take the next shot point (Corssline2, Inline2) of the second group of Crossline2 from the theoretical SPS. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group whose line number is in the range of Crossline2±OffsetY. In the shot line group, find the point whose point number is in the range of Inline2±OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (Corssline2, Inline2). At the same time, remove the paired point from the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set respectively.

[0039] 8) Repeat step 7) until the second set of shot points has been found.

[0040] 9) Repeat steps 6) to 8) until all theoretical firing points have been searched.

[0041] 10) Expand the vertical search range dx, and use the number offset range OffsetX = dx, OffsetY = 0.

[0042] 11) Repeat steps 3) to 9) to complete the expanded search.

[0043] 12) Continue to expand the horizontal search range, OffsetX += dx (that is, OffsetX increases by one dx each time), repeat steps 2) to 11) until OffsetX ≥ MaxOffsetX, and complete the vertical search and pairing of theoretical gun points.

[0044] 13) Expand the horizontal search range dy, the horizontal offset station number OffsetY = dy, and the vertical offset range OffsetX = 0.

[0045] 14) Repeat steps 3) to 12) to complete the expanded search range matching.

[0046] 15) Continue to expand the horizontal search range, OffsetY += dy (that is, OffsetY increases by dy each time), repeat steps 13) to 14) until OffsetY ≥ MaxOffsetY = Ny*dy, and complete the matching search of all regions.

[0047] 16) For SPS point pairs that can be paired, calculate the corresponding offset distance, display it on the screen in different colors, and output a pairing table. The remaining theoretical shot points are SPS points that are no-shot points, and output a no-shot table. The remaining design SPS points are redundant points, and output a redundant shot point table, which is also displayed on the screen in different colors.

[0048] The implementation process of the method of this invention will be further elaborated below using the first 20 bundles of lines in a certain construction area as an example. In this work area, the longitudinal numbering is 10 meters per point (equivalent to a unit length of a custom longitudinal coordinate), and the transverse numbering is 10 meters per line (equivalent to a unit length of a custom transverse coordinate). The longitudinal shot point offset grid spacing OffsetNetX = 40 meters, and the numbering increment dx = 4; the transverse offset grid line spacing OffsetNetY = 80 meters, and the numbering increment dy = 8. Given a maximum offset distance of 600 meters, the maximum number of longitudinal offset grids Nx = [600 / 40] = 15, and the maximum number of transverse offset grids Ny = [600 / 80] = 7. In this area, the shot points are longitudinally numbered 5419-6929, with a shot point spacing of 100 meters and a numbering interval of 10; transversely numbered 1276-1750, with a shot line spacing of 60 meters and a numbering interval of 6. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the specific process is as follows:

[0049] 1) Given the theoretical SPS and construction design SPS, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively. Group these two SPS data according to the horizontal line number, placing points with the same line number but different point numbers in one group, and then arrange all groups in descending order of line number. Within the same group, arrange them in descending order of point number.

[0050] 2) Perform the search, with the horizontal offset starting from OffsetY=0 and the vertical offset starting from OffsetX=0.

[0051] 3) Take the first shot point (1276, 5419) of the first group 1276 from the theoretical SPS. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group with the line number in the range of 1276 ± OffsetY. From the shot line group, find the point with the point number in the range of 5419 ± OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (1276, 5419) and put it into the paired shot point set. At the same time, remove these two paired points from the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set respectively.

[0052] 4) Take the next shot point (1276, 5429) of the first group 1276 from the theoretical SPS. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group with the line number in the range of 1276±OffsetY. From the shot line group, find the point with the point number in the range of 5429±OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (1276, 5429). At the same time, remove these two paired points from the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set respectively.

[0053] 5) Repeat step 4) until a set of shot points has been found.

[0054] 6) Take the first shot point (1282, 5419) of a set of 1282 from the theoretical SPS. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group with the line number in the range of 1282±OffsetY. From the shot line group, find the point with the point number in the range of 5419±OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (1282, 5419) and put it into the paired shot point set. At the same time, remove the paired point from both the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set.

[0055] 7) Take the next shot point (1282, 5429) from the theoretical SPS group 1282. In the shot point dataset of the construction design, find the shot line group with the line number in the range of 1282 ± OffsetY. In the shot line group, find the point with the point number in the range of 5429 ± OffsetX. If it exists, pair the point with the theoretical shot point number (1282, 5429). At the same time, remove the paired point from both the theoretical shot point set and the design shot point set.

[0056] 8) Repeat step 7) until a set of shot points has been found.

[0057] 9) Repeat steps 6) to 8) until all theoretical firing points have been found.

[0058] 10) Expand the search range dx, using the number offset range OffsetX = dx = 4, OffsetY = 0.

[0059] 11) Repeat steps 3) to 9) to complete the expanded search.

[0060] 12) Repeat steps 2) to 11), with OffsetX += 4, until OffsetX > 60, to complete the vertical search and pairing of theoretical shot points.

[0061] 13) Expand the horizontal search range, with the horizontal offset station number OffsetY = 8 and the vertical offset range OffsetX = 0.

[0062] 14) Repeat steps 3) to 12) to complete the expanded search range matching.

[0063] 15) Expand the horizontal search range, OffsetY+=8, and repeat steps 13) to 14) until OffsetY=7*8 to complete the matching search of all regions.

[0064] 16) For paired SPS point pairs, calculate the corresponding offset distances and display them on the screen in different colors. Output a pairing table (see Table 3). The remaining theoretical shot points are considered no-shot points, and a no-shot table is output (see Table 4). The remaining design SPS points are considered redundant points, and a redundant shot point table is generated and output (see Table 5). These are also displayed on the screen in different colors. Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 As shown.

[0065] Table 1 Theoretical SPS Table

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Table 2 uses the SPS design form

[0069] 5639 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 5731 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 5733 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 5799 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 5801 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 5439 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5441 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5443 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5449 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5459 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5469 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5489 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5479 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5699 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5819 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5829 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5839 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5859 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX … … … … 6239 1750 XXXXX XXXXXX 6889 1750 XXXXX XXXXXX

[0070] Table 3 Pairing Table

[0071] 5639 1330 XXXXX XXXXXX 5639 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 560.0 5719 1282 XXXXX XXXXXX 5731 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 144.2 5769 1282 XXXXX XXXXXX 5733 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 368.4 5819 1282 XXXXX XXXXXX 5799 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 215.5 5809 1282 XXXXX XXXXXX 5801 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 113.3

[0072] Table 4. Empty Shot Location Table

[0073] 5479 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5699 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5819 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5829 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5839 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5859 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX … … … … 6239 1750 XXXXX XXXXXX 6889 1750 XXXXX XXXXXX

[0074] Table 5 Redundant Shot Points Table

[0075] 5735 1274 XXXXX XXXXXX 6322 1276 XXXXX XXXXXX 5669 1278 XXXXX XXXXXX 5733 1278 XXXXX XXXXXX 5735 1278 XXXXX XXXXXX 6233 1278 XXXXX XXXXXX 5533 1280 XXXXX XXXXXX … … … … 6791 1752 XXXXX XXXXXX 6793 1752 XXXXX XXXXXX

[0076] In summary, this invention, under the given offset rules of maximum offset distance and priority longitudinal offset, compares theoretical shot point data with designed shot point data to detect whether the design shot points of the construction team have sufficient shot points corresponding to the theoretical design. Shot points that do not correspond to the theoretical design in the construction design are identified as empty shot points, and points that do not correspond to the construction design are identified as redundant shot points. Feedback is given to the construction team to guide the redesign, add empty shot points, and eliminate redundant shot points, so as to ultimately achieve the construction requirements. This is of great significance for improving the quality of seismic acquisition and controlling construction costs.

Claims

1. A method for detecting seismic shot points, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Define the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the theoretical shot point set and the construction design shot point set in the same way; 2) Take a shot point from the theoretical shot point set, with its horizontal and vertical coordinates as Crossline and Inline, respectively. Search the construction design shot point set for a shot point with a horizontal coordinate within the range of Crossline±OffsetY and a vertical coordinate of Inline±OffsetX. If it exists, determine that the searched point is paired with the shot point mentioned above, and delete both points from the construction design shot point set and the theoretical shot point set, respectively. After deletion, repeat step 2) until all shot points in the theoretical shot point set have been searched. If it does not exist, take the next shot point from the theoretical shot point set and repeat step 2). Here, OffsetY and OffsetX are the set horizontal and vertical offsets of the shot point, respectively. 3) Adjust OffsetY and / or OffsetX, and repeat steps 2) and 3) until the requirements are met; the methods for adjusting OffsetY and OffsetX are as follows: 3.1) Increase OffsetK1, keep OffsetK2 at its initial value, and repeat steps 2) and 3.1) until OffsetK1 reaches the maximum lateral offset. Then, based on the construction design shot point set and theoretical shot point set obtained in this step, execute step 3.2). 3.2) Increase OffsetK2, keep OffsetK1 at its initial value, and repeat steps 2) and 3.2) until OffsetK2 reaches the maximum vertical offset; Where OffsetK1 is OffsetY and OffsetK2 is OffsetX, and OffsetK1 is OffsetX and OffsetK2 is OffsetY; 4) Determine the no-shot points and / or redundant shot points; the no-shot points and redundant shot points are the remaining shot points in the theoretical shot point set and the remaining shot points in the construction design shot point set obtained after step 3) is completed.

2. The seismic shot point detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), only one point can be successfully paired with the gun point.

3. The seismic shot point detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direction of the receiving line is vertical, and the direction perpendicular to the receiving line is horizontal.

4. The seismic shot point detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The receiving line direction is vertical, and the direction perpendicular to the receiving line is horizontal; the initial value of OffsetY is 0, and the increment of OffsetY each time is dy, which is the ratio of the horizontal offset grid line distance OffsetNetY to the unit length of the defined horizontal coordinate. The maximum horizontal offset MaxOffsetY is: MaxOffsetY=Ny*dy, Ny=[MaxOffset / OffsetNetY], [ ] indicates rounding down, and MaxOffset represents the maximum offset.

5. The seismic shot point detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initial value of OffsetX is 0. The increment of OffsetX each time is dx, which is the ratio of the longitudinal shot point offset grid spacing OffsetNetX to the unit length of the defined ordinate. The maximum longitudinal offset MaxOffsetX is: MaxOffsetX=Nx*dx, Nx=[MaxOffset / OffsetNetX].

6. The seismic shot point detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes using different colors to display empty shot points and redundant shot points.

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