Method and communication device for secure ranging

Abstract

This application provides a secure ranging method and apparatus. The method includes: a receiving device and a transmitting device obtaining a session key through a narrowband system; both devices symmetrically generating a secure CTS based on the session key and CTS configuration information; and using the CTS to perform inter-device ranging in a UWB system. This method allows for flexible configuration of the CTS through the CTS configuration information, improving secure ranging performance. Furthermore, this method uses a narrowband system instead of a UWB system for key-related information negotiation and performs ranging within the UWB system, achieving both low power consumption and high-precision ranging.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210339726.2, filed on April 1, 2022, entitled "Method and Communication Apparatus for Secure Ranging with Broadband and Narrowband Integration", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more specifically, to a secure ranging method and communication apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is a wireless carrier communication technology that uses nanosecond-level non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data. It occupies an extremely large bandwidth and features high transmission rates and large system capacity, allowing it to coexist with existing communication systems. Based on these characteristics, UWB can achieve higher ranging and positioning accuracy than existing wireless positioning technologies, reaching centimeter-level accuracy. Furthermore, its high temporal resolution gives it good multipath resistance, enabling ranging and positioning even in complex multipath environments, making it a current research hotspot.

[0004] With the continuous updates to the UWB standard, the new standard enhances the security of ranging by adding a scrambled timestamp sequence (STS) during the ranging process. However, the STS needs to be generated by the transmitting and receiving devices through plaintext negotiation in the UWB system. The negotiation process consumes a lot of broadband system resources and consumes a lot of power. In addition, the STS can only be configured with a maximum of 4 STS segments, which poses certain security risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method for safe ranging that not only improves the performance of safe ranging but also achieves low power consumption and high accuracy.

[0006] Firstly, a method for safe ranging is provided. This method can be executed by a first terminal device, or by a component of the first terminal device (such as a chip or circuit). There is no limitation on this. For ease of description, the following explanation will take execution by the first terminal device as an example.

[0007] The method may include: a first terminal device negotiating with a second terminal device in a first communication system to obtain a session key; the first terminal device sending first configuration information to the second terminal device in the first communication system, the first configuration information including relevant parameters for generating a channel impulse response training sequence (CTS); the first terminal device generating a CTS based on the first configuration information and the session key; and the first terminal device determining a first measurement result based on the CTS in the second communication system, the first measurement result including distance information between the first terminal device and the second terminal device, wherein the bandwidth used in the second communication system is greater than the bandwidth used in the first communication system.

[0008] For example, the first communication system in this application can be a narrowband system such as a WIFI system or a Bluetooth system.

[0009] For example, the second communication system in this application can be a UWB system.

[0010] Optionally, the first terminal device and the second terminal device are contained in the same domain network, which is constructed through the first communication system.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the first terminal device can negotiate a session key with the second terminal device via a narrowband system. Based on the session key and combined with the first configuration information, a secure CTS is further generated, and the CTS is used for inter-device ranging in the UWB system. It can be seen that this method allows for flexible configuration of the CTS through the first configuration information, improving secure ranging performance. Furthermore, by using a narrowband system instead of the UWB system for key-related information negotiation, power consumption is reduced, and high-precision ranging is achieved by performing ranging within the UWB system.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first terminal device determines the CTS based on the first configuration information and the session key, including: the first terminal device determines the CTS based on the first configuration information, the session key and the AES algorithm.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first terminal device sending the first measurement result to the second terminal device in the first communication system.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the first terminal device broadcasts the measurement results to the second terminal device through the first communication system, which can reduce the power consumption of the terminal devices that send and receive the measurement results.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first configuration information includes at least one of the following parameters: the code length of the preamble used by the CTS, the index of the preamble used by the CTS, the length of the cyclic prefix CP of the CTS, the number of segment sequences contained in the CTS, the number of preamble symbols in each segment sequence of the CTS, and the number of reference symbols for the interval between two adjacent segment sequences in the CTS.

[0016] The above technical solution defines in detail the parameters related to generating CTS contained in the first configuration information. The length and interval of CTS can be configured arbitrarily through the first configuration information, which enhances the flexibility of the sequence and improves the safety performance of ranging.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first terminal device determines a first measurement result based on the CTS in the second communication system, including: the first terminal device generating a ranging frame according to the CTS; the first terminal device sending the ranging frame to the second terminal device in the second communication system; the first terminal device receiving the ranging frame from the second terminal device in the second communication system; and the first terminal device determining the first measurement result based on the flight time of the ranging frame.

[0018] The above technical solution provides a specific implementation method for determining the first measurement result based on CTS.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the session key is 128 bits or 256 bits long.

[0020] Secondly, a safe ranging method is provided. This method can be executed by a second terminal device, or by a component of the second terminal device (such as a chip or circuit). There is no limitation on this. For ease of description, the following explanation will take execution by the second terminal device as an example.

[0021] The method may include: a second terminal device negotiating with a first terminal device in a first communication system to obtain a session key; the second terminal device receiving first configuration information from the first terminal device in the first communication system, the first configuration information including relevant parameters for generating a channel impulse response training sequence (CTS); the second terminal device generating a CTS based on the first configuration information and the session key, wherein the CTS is used to determine a first measurement result in the second communication system, the first measurement result including distance information between the first terminal device and the second terminal device, and the bandwidth used in the second communication system being greater than the bandwidth used in the first communication system.

[0022] For example, the first communication system in this application can be a WIFI system or a Bluetooth system.

[0023] For example, the second communication system in this application can be a UWB system.

[0024] Optionally, the first terminal device and the second terminal device are contained in the same domain network, which is constructed through the first communication system.

[0025] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the second terminal device determines the CTS based on the first configuration information and the session key, including: the second terminal device determines the CTS based on the first configuration information, the session key, and the AES algorithm.

[0026] It should be understood that in this application, the first terminal device and the second terminal device need to generate CTS according to the same parameters and method (i.e., in a symmetrical manner), that is, generate the same CTS.

[0027] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second terminal device receiving a ranging frame from the first terminal device in the second communication system; the second terminal device determining that the ranging frame includes a CTS; and the second terminal device sending the ranging frame to the first terminal device in the second communication system.

[0028] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second terminal device receiving a first measurement result from the first terminal device in the first communication system.

[0029] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first configuration information includes at least one of the following parameters: the code length of the preamble used by the CTS, the index of the preamble used by the CTS, the length of the cyclic prefix CP of the CTS, the number of segment sequences contained in the CTS, the number of preamble symbols in each segment sequence of the CTS, and the number of reference symbols for the interval between two adjacent segment sequences in the CTS.

[0030] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the session key is 128 bits or 256 bits long.

[0031] For the effectiveness of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof, please refer to the description in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0032] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device that has the function of implementing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above-described function, such as a processing unit and / or a communication unit.

[0033] In one implementation, the device is a first terminal device. When the device is a first terminal device, the communication unit can be a transceiver or an input / output interface; the processing unit can be at least one processor. For example, the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit. For example, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0034] In another implementation, the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a first terminal device. When the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a first terminal device, the communication unit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0035] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device that has the function of implementing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above-described function. For example: a processing unit, a receiving unit, a transmitting unit, etc.

[0036] In one implementation, the device is a second terminal device. When the device is a second terminal device, the communication unit can be a transceiver or an input / output interface; the processing unit can be at least one processor. For example, the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit. For example, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0037] In another implementation, the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a second terminal device. When the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a second terminal device, the communication unit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0038] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device including at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, the at least one memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and the at least one processor for calling and running the computer program or instructions from the at least one memory, causing the communication device to perform the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0039] In one implementation, the device is a first terminal device.

[0040] In another implementation, the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a first terminal device.

[0041] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a communication device including at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, the at least one memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and the at least one processor for calling and running the computer program or instructions from the at least one memory, causing the communication device to perform the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0042] In one implementation, the device is a second terminal device.

[0043] In another implementation, the device is a chip, chip system, or circuit for use in a second terminal device.

[0044] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a processor for performing the methods provided in the foregoing aspects.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, or if it does not contradict its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, the transmission and acquisition / reception operations involved in the processor can be understood as processor output and reception, input and other operations, or as transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas. This application does not limit them in this regard.

[0046] Eighthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be performed.

[0047] Ninthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be performed.

[0048] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be executed.

[0049] In one aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be executed.

[0050] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the communication devices shown in the fifth and sixth aspects.

[0051] In a thirteenth aspect, a secure ranging method integrating broadband and narrowband systems is provided, comprising: establishing a communication link between devices through a narrowband system, obtaining a session key, and forming a personal area network; the narrowband system sending a ranging control frame, which includes a Secure Ranging Sequence (CTSC) configuration; waking up the broadband system and preparing for ranging; the broadband system generating a Secure Ranging Sequence (CTS) to complete the ranging between devices; the broadband system reporting the measurement results to the narrowband system, and broadcasting the measurement results to other devices through the narrowband system.

[0052] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in some implementations of aspect thirteen, the broadband system generates a CTS to complete the ranging between devices, including: generating a CTS based on the session key and CTSC; concatenating the preamble with the CTS to generate a ranging frame, and transmitting and receiving it to complete the ranging between devices in the broadband system.

[0053] In conjunction with aspect thirteen, in some implementations of aspect thirteen, the method further includes: determining first information based on CTSC; generating a CTS in the broadband system to complete inter-device ranging, including: inputting the first information and session key into an AES module to generate pseudo-random bits; inputting the pseudo-random bits into a CTS generation module to generate a CTS; concatenating the preamble with the CTS to generate a ranging frame, and transmitting and receiving the frame to complete inter-device ranging in the broadband system.

[0054] In a fourteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device having the function of implementing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above-described function, such as a processing unit, a receiving unit, and a transmitting unit.

[0055] In a fifteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, the at least one memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and the at least one processor for calling and running the computer program or instructions from the at least one memory, causing the communication device to perform the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0056] In a sixteenth aspect, this application provides a communication device, including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver. The memory stores a computer program, the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory, and controls the transceiver to send and receive signals, so that the communication device performs the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0057] In a seventeenth aspect, this application provides a communication device including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being configured to receive signals and transmit the received signals to the processor, the processor processing the signals to cause the communication device to perform the methods as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0058] Optionally, the aforementioned communication interface can be an interface circuit, an input / output interface, etc., and the processor can be a processing circuit, a logic circuit, etc.

[0059] Optionally, the communication device described in the seventeenth aspect may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

[0060] In an eighteenth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be performed.

[0061] In a nineteenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be executed. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams illustrating two application scenarios provided in this application.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the ranging and positioning system provided in this application.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a UWB ranging method provided in this application.

[0065] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of STS generation provided in this application.

[0066] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the UWB ranging frame format provided in this application.

[0067] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the SHR frame structure provided in this application.

[0068] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the device-to-device distance measurement provided in this application.

[0069] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a safe ranging method provided in this application.

[0070] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a CTS generation method provided in this application.

[0071] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a CTS generated based on pseudo-random bits and first configuration information provided in this application.

[0072] Figure 11 A schematic block diagram of the communication device 1000 provided in this application.

[0073] Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of the communication device 10 provided in this application.

[0074] Figure 13 This is an example of a communication system applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0075] Figure 14 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a secure ranging method that integrates wideband and narrowband bandwidths, as provided in this application.

[0076] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a CTS sequence generation input / output process provided in this application.

[0077] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another CTS sequence generation input / output process provided in this application.

[0078] Figure 17 A schematic block diagram of the communication device 100 provided in this application.

[0079] Figure 18 A schematic structural diagram of the communication device 200 provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0080] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0081] This application's embodiments can be applied to wireless personal area networks (WPANs) based on UWB technology. Currently, WPANs use the IEEE 802.15 standard. WPANs can be used for communication between digital auxiliary devices such as telephones, computers, and peripherals within a small range, typically within 10 meters. Technologies supporting wireless personal area networks include Bluetooth, ZigBee, ultra-wideband, IrDA infrared connectivity (infrared), and HomeRF. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the various aspects of this application can be extended to other networks employing various standards or protocols. For example, wireless local area networks (WLANs), high-performance radio LANs (HIPERLANs) (a wireless standard similar to IEEE 802.11, primarily used in Europe), and wide area networks (WANs) or other networks now known or to be developed in the future. From a network architecture perspective, WPAN sits at the bottom layer of the overall network architecture, used for wireless connections between devices within a small area, i.e., point-to-point short-range connections, and can be considered a short-range wireless communication network. Depending on the application scenario, WPAN is further divided into high-rate (HR) WPAN and low-rate (LR) WPAN. HR-WPAN can be used to support various high-rate multimedia applications, including high-quality audio and video delivery, multi-megabyte music and image document transmission, etc. LR-WPAN can be used for general daily business operations.

[0082] In WPAN, devices are categorized into full-function devices (FFDs) and reduced-function devices (RFDs) based on their communication capabilities. FFDs can communicate with each other and with each other. RFDs cannot communicate directly; they can only communicate with FFDs or forward data through an FFD. The FFD associated with the RFD is called its coordinator. RFDs are primarily used for simple control applications, such as light switches and passive infrared sensors, transmitting relatively little data and consuming minimal transmission and communication resources, resulting in lower costs. The coordinator can also be called a personal area network (PAN) coordinator or central control node. The PAN coordinator is the master control node of the entire network, and there can only be one PAN coordinator in each ad hoc network. It has functions such as membership management, link information management, and packet forwarding. Optionally, the device in the embodiments of this application can be a device that supports multiple WPAN standards such as 802.15.4a and 802.15.4z, as well as versions currently under discussion or later.

[0083] In this application embodiment, the above-mentioned device may be a communication server, router, switch, bridge, computer or mobile phone, smart home device, vehicle communication device, etc.

[0084] In this embodiment, the device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on top of the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer. The hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and memory (also called main memory). The operating system can be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, such as Linux, Unix, Android, iOS, or Windows. The application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software. Furthermore, this embodiment does not specifically limit the structure of the execution entity of the method provided in this embodiment, as long as it can communicate according to the method provided in this embodiment by running a program that records the code of the method provided in this embodiment. For example, the execution entity of the method provided in this embodiment can be an FFD or an RFD, or a functional module in an FFD or RFD that can call and execute a program.

[0085] Furthermore, various aspects or features of this application can be implemented as methods, apparatus, or articles of manufacture using standard programming and / or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein encompasses a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or medium. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical discs (e.g., compact discs (CDs), digital versatile discs (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). Additionally, the various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0086] The embodiments of this application can also be applied to wireless local area network systems such as Internet of Things (IoT) networks or Vehicle-to-X (V2X) networks. Of course, the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other possible communication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) systems, 5th Generation (5G) systems, and future 6th Generation (6G) systems, etc.

[0087] The communication systems described above are merely illustrative examples, and the communication systems applicable to this application are not limited to these. They will be uniformly described here and will not be repeated below.

[0088] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams illustrating two application scenarios provided in this application. Figure 1In system 101 shown in (A), multiple FFD devices and multiple RFD devices form a star topology communication system, where one FFD is a PAN controller. In the star topology communication system, the PAN controller transmits data with one or more other devices; that is, multiple devices can establish a one-to-many or many-to-one data transmission architecture. Figure 1 In system 102 shown in (B), multiple FFD devices and one RFD device form a peer-to-peer topology communication system, where one of the FFDs is a PAN controller. In the peer-to-peer topology communication system, a many-to-many data transmission architecture can be established between multiple different devices.

[0089] It should be understood that Figure 1 (A) and Figure 1 (B) is a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding and does not constitute a limitation on the application scenarios of this application. For example, other FFDs and / or RFDs may also be included in system 101 and / or system 102.

[0090] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, some terms or concepts involved in the embodiments of this application will be briefly described first.

[0091] 1. UWB technology: This is a wireless carrier communication technology that uses nanosecond-level non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data, thus occupying a wide spectrum. Due to its narrow pulses and extremely low radiation spectral density, UWB systems have advantages such as strong multipath resolution, low power consumption, and strong security, which facilitates coexistence with other systems, thereby improving spectrum utilization and system capacity.

[0092] With the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approving UWB technology for civilian use in 2002, ultra-wideband wireless communication has become one of the most popular physical layer technologies for short-range, high-speed wireless networks. Many world-renowned companies, research institutions, and standardization organizations have actively engaged in the research, development, and standardization of ultra-wideband wireless communication technology. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has incorporated UWB technology into its IEEE 802 series of wireless standards, and has released the UWB-based WPAN standard IEEE 802.15.4a, as well as its evolved version IEEE 802.15.4z. Currently, the development of the next-generation UWB WPAN standard, 802.15.4ab, is also on the agenda.

[0093] 2. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA): This is a communication technology for sharing a transmission medium or network. It allows multiple users to use the same frequency in different time slices (e.g., time slots, symbols, frames, etc.). Users transmit rapidly, one after another, each using their own time slice. TDMA technology allows multiple users to share the same transmission medium (e.g., radio frequency).

[0094] 3. TDMA Time Slot Allocation: The condition for a network to use TDMA for channel access is that all nodes in the network maintain time slot synchronization. After achieving network-wide time slot synchronization, it's necessary to consider how to effectively allocate time slots to achieve better system performance. Specifically, in a TDMA frame structure, a TDMA frame consists of several subframes, and each subframe consists of several time slots. Based on the data traffic demanded by users, all or some time slots in the TDMA frame structure can be allocated to multiple users, ensuring that each user's time slot is different, thereby guaranteeing that the signals between users do not interfere with each other.

[0095] In addition, the TDMA method allows each user's time slot to simultaneously perform uplink and downlink.

[0096] It should be understood that the method for TDMA time slot allocation in the embodiments of this application is not limited, and existing allocation algorithms or TDMA time slot allocation methods proposed in future communication technologies can be referred to.

[0097] 4. Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN): This is an emerging wireless communication network technology proposed to achieve seamless wireless connectivity with a small activity radius, diverse service types, and targeting specific groups. In network structure, the WPAN is located at the end of the network chain, used to enable connections between terminals in the same location, such as connecting mobile phones and Bluetooth headsets. The coverage area of ​​a WPAN is generally within a 10m radius and must operate on a licensed wireless frequency band. WPAN devices have advantages such as low price, small size, ease of operation, and low power consumption.

[0098] 5. UWB Ranging and / or Positioning: With the development of indoor positioning technology, the application of UWB ranging and / or positioning technology is becoming increasingly widespread. UWB uses pulses with pulse widths on the order of nanoseconds as its basic signal, featuring high transmission rate, large system capacity, and large spectral bandwidth. It also has extremely low power spectral density, allowing it to coexist with existing short-range communication systems. These characteristics of UWB result in high time resolution, strong multipath resistance, and high ranging and positioning accuracy, reaching the centimeter level. Achieving ranging and positioning in complex multipath environments has become a research hotspot.

[0099] For ease of understanding, combined with Figure 2 Here is a brief introduction to the ranging and positioning system used in UWB ranging technology. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the ranging and positioning system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the ranging and positioning system includes multiple devices (such as...) Figure 2 Device 1 and Device 2 in the embodiments of this application can be the apparatus involved, and each device includes at least a UWB module and a narrowband communication module. The UWB modules of Device 1 and Device 2 can perform positioning and / or ranging, and the narrowband communication modules of Device 1 and Device 2 can transmit data through a wireless link.

[0100] In this application, a UWB module can be understood as a device, chip, or system that implements UWB wireless communication technology; correspondingly, a narrowband communication module can be understood as a device, chip, or system that implements narrowband communication technology (such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or Zigbee). In a single device, the UWB module and the narrowband communication module can be different devices or chips; of course, they can also be integrated onto a single device or chip. The embodiments of this application do not limit the implementation method of the UWB module and the narrowband communication module in the device. UWB technology enables communication devices to have high data throughput and high-precision device positioning.

[0101] The equipment involved in this application can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal. For example, it can be a user terminal, user equipment, access device, subscriber station, subscriber unit, mobile station, user agent, or user equipment that supports Wi-Fi communication. The user terminal can include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), terminal, terminal equipment, portable communication devices, handheld devices, portable computing devices, entertainment devices, gaming devices or systems, GPS devices, or any other suitable device configured for network communication via wireless media. Furthermore, the equipment can support the 802.15.4ab standard or its next-generation standard. The device also supports multiple standards such as 802.15.4a, 802.15.4-2011, 802.15.4-2015, and 802.15.4z. Furthermore, it supports various wireless local area network (WLAN) standards from the 802.11 family, including 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11be next-generation.

[0102] To facilitate understanding, the following will be combined with... Figure 3 This article provides a brief introduction to a UWB ranging method. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a UWB ranging method provided in an embodiment of this application. UWB generally requires narrowband signals such as Near Field Communication (NFC), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), and Wireless Fidelity (WIFI) as drivers. When required by the user, the UWB is woken up. After being woken up, the UWB establishes a personal area network, allocates time slots using Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and completes the necessary ranging and positioning functions. For example, taking a one-to-one ranging process as an example, the process includes the following steps:

[0103] Step 1: Before UWB starts, it is woken up via BLE. After waking up, UWB applies default parameters, such as the initial defined number of channels, preamble code, and rate.

[0104] Step 2: After UWB is woken up and started, it performs networking and ranging.

[0105] Step 3: Beacon Phase. Send Beacon frames. Beacon frames are used to enable time synchronization between devices in the UWB local area network and the coordinator, and to broadcast parameters of the beacon network.

[0106] Since the diagram uses two devices as an example, in the Beacon phase, device 1 is defined as the coordinator, responsible for sending Beacon frames to achieve the broadcasting of parameters and time synchronization within the personal area network; after receiving the Beacon frame, device 2 joins the personal area network of device 1 (the coordinator) as needed.

[0107] Step 4: Competition and non-competition phase, complete device network access and designated device interaction.

[0108] Optionally, device 1 (the coordinator) can indicate whether this phase (contention and non-contention phase) is needed via Beacon frames. If needed, other devices (such as device n) can intervene in the personal area network (PAN) established by device 1 during this phase. If this phase is not needed, the current PAN and related devices in the PAN are maintained.

[0109] Specifically, in Figure 3 During the ranging contention access period (RCAP), each device can join the network as needed (join an individual area network); during the ranging contention-free period (RCFP), the work is arranged by the coordinator, and the necessary time slots for inter-device interaction can be allocated.

[0110] Step 5: During the distance measurement process, device 1 measures the distance to device 2.

[0111] ① In the ranging process, there are four roles defined: controller and controlleree, ranging initiator and ranging responder. (Example) Figure 3Device 1 acts as both the controller and the ranging initiator, while device 2 acts as both the controller and the ranging responder. The controller is responsible for sending ranging control frames (RCM), including role definition and time slot allocation control. Specifically, it defines which devices will act as ranging initiators and which devices will act as ranging responders, and allocates time slots for each period through ranging control frames based on TDMA.

[0112] Simultaneously, the generation of the STS requires the ranging initiator to send a ranging STS key data (RSKD) information element (IE) to the ranging responder in plaintext for negotiation. The RSKDIE includes key parameters such as V1, V2, V3, V Counter and the STS key. Among them, V1, V2, V3, and V Counter each occupy 4 bytes, each byte occupies 32 bits, and the STS key occupies 128 bits.

[0113] Figure 4 This is based on a schematic flowchart for generating an STS. (Example) Figure 4 The example below uses an STS consisting of four STS segments. Figure 4 The 256-bit seed in the STS consists of V1, V2, V3, V Counters, and the STS key. This 256-bit seed serves as the input to four different STS segments. After encryption using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), a 128-bit pseudo-random sequence S is obtained. Sequence S is then spread to obtain STS segment 1. The above steps are repeated to obtain an STS containing four STS segments. Optionally, Figure 4 The number of n values ​​can be configured. Optionally, Figure 4 The gap (GAP) in the STS can be 512 zeros.

[0114] ② Device 1 (range initiator) initiates the initial range measurement frame; after receiving the initial range measurement frame, device 2 (range responder) will send a range measurement frame back to the range initiator.

[0115] Specifically, UWB technology does not use the carrier wave found in traditional communication systems. Instead, it transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with durations of nanoseconds or less. Therefore, synchronization between transceiver devices is crucial in UWB technology. This synchronization can be understood as the receiving end determining which of the multiple received pulse signals is the PPDU it intends to receive, as the PPDU is transmitted in the form of pulse signals. Currently, transceiver synchronization is primarily achieved through the synchronization header (SHR) in the PPDU. Specifically, the receiving end can perform correlation detection based on the synchronization header to determine which of the multiple received pulse signals is the PPDU it intends to receive.

[0116] For example, the form of a UWB ranging frame can be as follows: Figure 5 This is one of the four types shown. Type 1, the ranging frame, consists of a synchronization header (SHR), a physical header (PHR), and a payload. The SHR includes a synchronization (SYNC) field and a start frame delimiter (SFD) field. Types 2 and 3 consist of SHR, PHR, payload, and STS; see [link to relevant documentation] for the specific order of components. Figure 5 Type 4 consists of SHR and STS.

[0117] Figure 6 This is a detailed diagram of the SHR structure. As above, the SHR includes a SYNC field and an SFD field. The SYNC field contains multiple repeating base symbols, which are generated from the preamble sequence. The preamble code length can be 31, 91, or 127, or it can be understood as the code length of the preamble being 31, 91, or 127. A detailed description of the preamble code is shown in Table 1. The code length of the preamble code is 31, which corresponds to... Figure 6 There are 31 codes in total. The preamble index values ​​are 1 to 8, meaning there are 8 different codewords. The preamble code length is 91, corresponding to... Figure 6 There are 91 codes in total, with preamble index values ​​ranging from 25 to 32, resulting in 8 different codewords; the preamble code length is 127, corresponding to... Figure 6 There are 127 codes in total, with preamble indices ranging from 9 to 24, resulting in 16 different codewords. For example... Figure 6As shown, L zeros are inserted after a certain code i (0≤i≤m, and i is a natural number), which is called a Crohn's product. L is an integer and its length is optional, usually 7 or 15. The value of code i is one of +1, -1, and 0. Each symbol is composed of m different codes i, repeated n times to form a symbol. n repeated symbols form a SYNC.

[0118] Table 1

[0119]

[0120] ③ Device 1 calculates the flight time of the ranging frame between Device 1 and Device 2, and completes the ranging between the devices.

[0121] For example, see below. Figure 7 This section briefly explains how to determine the distance between Device 1 and Device 2 using the time-of-flight of ranging frames. The UWB modules of Device 1 and Device 2 each generate an independent timestamp upon startup. Device 1's UWB module uses its timestamp's T... a1 The ranging frame is transmitted and is recorded by the UWB module of device 2 at its own timestamp T. b1 Constant reception, then, the UWB module of device 2 in T b2 The ranging frame is constantly fed back to device 1, and the UWB module of device 1 records it at its own timestamp T. a2 The data is received in real time. Therefore, the flight time of the ranging frame between the two terminal devices can be calculated, thus determining the flight distance S. S is twice the distance between the two terminal devices. Specifically, S = C * [(T] a2 -T a1 )-(T b2 -T b1 [], C is the speed of light, T b2 -T b1 The response time for device 2 to process data.

[0122] It should be understood that the transmission of ranging results is accomplished via UWB, and is unrelated to BLE. Afterwards, a new ranging wheel can be generated by repeating the above steps, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0123] exist Figure 3 In the UWB ranging scheme shown, the UWB ultra-wideband system needs to complete the construction of the personal area network, which is highly complex. In addition, the generation of STS requires both devices to complete parameter negotiation in the UWB system. The negotiation process takes up a long working time of the broadband system and consumes a lot of power. Furthermore, the STS can only be configured with a maximum of 4 STS segments, which limits the configuration of STS parameters, reduces flexibility, and poses certain security risks.

[0124] In view of this, this application proposes a safe ranging method that can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The following describes the method in conjunction with... Figure 8 Please provide an explanation.

[0125] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a secure ranging method proposed in this application. The method may include the following steps:

[0126] S801, the first terminal device negotiates and obtains a session key with the second terminal device in the first communication system. Correspondingly, the second terminal device negotiates and obtains a session key with the first terminal device in the first communication system.

[0127] For example, the first communication system in this application can be a narrowband system such as a WIFI system or a Bluetooth system. For ease of understanding and distinction, the first communication system will be referred to as a narrowband system in the following description of this application.

[0128] Optionally, the first terminal device and the second terminal device are contained in the same domain network, which is constructed using a narrowband system. It is understood that currently, a personal domain network constructed using a UWB system can support a maximum of seven devices, limiting the network size. However, the personal domain network constructed using a narrowband system in this application allows for the network to support more devices, resulting in a larger network, and eliminates the need for a UWB system to participate in establishing the personal domain network, thereby reducing power consumption and design logic complexity.

[0129] In this context, the negotiation between the first terminal device and the second terminal device to obtain a session key in the narrowband system can also be understood as the negotiation between the narrowband communication modules of the first and second terminal devices to obtain the session key. The subsequent interactions between the two terminal devices in the narrowband system can also refer to interactions between the narrowband communication modules of the two terminal devices; these details will not be elaborated upon further.

[0130] For example, the session key is 128 bits or 256 bits long.

[0131] For ease of description, this application uses the example of the first terminal device as the controller and ranging initiator, and the second terminal device as the controlled and ranging responder.

[0132] In step S802, the first terminal device sends first configuration information to the second terminal device in the narrowband system. The first configuration information includes relevant parameters for generating a channel impulse response training sequence (CTS). Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives the first configuration information from the first terminal device in the narrowband system.

[0133] Optionally, the first configuration information in this application may also be referred to as channel impulse response training sequence configurations (CTSC) information, and this application does not limit the name of the first configuration information.

[0134] Optionally, the first configuration information is included in the ranging control frame. For details on the function of the ranging control frame, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The description in the text will not be repeated here.

[0135] Optionally, the first configuration information includes at least one of the following parameters: the code length of the preamble used by the CTS, the index of the preamble used by the CTS, the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) of the CTS, the number of segments (CTS segments) contained in the CTS, the number of preamble symbols in each CTS segment, and the number of reference symbols for the gap (GAP) between two adjacent CTS segments in the CTS.

[0136] As an example, the first configuration information may consist of one set of detailed fields as shown in Table 2.

[0137] Table 2

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] Optionally, the specific fields included in the first configuration information in this application may also be referred to as CTSC information element (IE) information, and this application does not limit this to that.

[0141] The specific meanings of each field in Table 2 are shown in Table 3:

[0142] Table 3

[0143]

[0144]

[0145] S803, the first terminal device and the second terminal device determine the CTS based on the first configuration information and the session key.

[0146] Example, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a possible CTS generation process. The steps for generating a CTS include:

[0147] ① Obtain the first information, which can be information obtained by concatenating some or all fields in the first configuration information in Table 2.

[0148] Optionally, the length of the first information is 128 bits or 256 bits, and any insufficient length is padded with 0s.

[0149] For example, the first piece of information could be: Codelength|ctsCodeIdx|Ctssymbolnumber|Ctssegmentsymbolnumber|Gapbasesymbolnumber|0….

[0150] ② After the session key and the first information are encrypted with AES, a pseudo-random bit sequence C is generated. A CTS is generated based on the pseudo-random bit sequence C and the first configuration information.

[0151] Optionally, the length of the pseudo-random bit sequence C is 128 bits or 256 bits. For example, if the length of the pseudo-random bit sequence C is 128 bits, then the random bit sequence C includes C(j), where 0 ≤ j ≤ 127, and j is a natural number.

[0152] Example, Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the CTS generated based on pseudo-random bits and first configuration information is given. For example... Figure 10 As shown, a CTS can include n CTS segment sequences, with gaps (i.e., numerical values ​​of 0) inserted between adjacent CTS segment sequences; each CTS segment sequence consists of x symbols, where symbol(i) is constructed by determining the code length of the preamble in symbol(i) to be m, corresponding to... Figure 10 There are m codes in total, namely codes 0 to (m-1), and each of codes 0 to (m-1) is multiplied by C(j) in the pseudo-random bit sequence. The values ​​of n, x, and m are described in the relevant section of the first configuration information and will not be repeated here.

[0153] It should be noted that since each symbol in each CTS segment sequence is constructed based on different bits in the pseudo-random sequence C, the length of x is generally less than or equal to the length of the pseudo-random bit sequence C to ensure that the code in each symbol can be multiplied normally with the pseudo-random bit sequence C.

[0154] Optionally, Figure 10 The number of 0s between two adjacent codes is 8 or 10, which is not limited in this application.

[0155] For example, the CTS is generated based on the first configuration information and the session key, which is a random sequence K. Therefore, the generation of the CTS is similar to... Figure 10 The difference lies in the construction method of symbol(i). In this method, symbol(i) is constructed by determining the code length of the preamble in symbol(i) to be m, corresponding to... Figure 10 There are m codes in total, from code 0 to code (m-1). Each code from code 0 to code (m-1) is multiplied by K(j) in the random sequence K. For example, if the length of the random sequence K is 128 bits, then the random sequence K includes K(j), where 0 ≤ j ≤ 127, and j is a natural number. The specific generation process will not be elaborated here.

[0156] It should be understood that the first terminal device and the second terminal device need to generate the CTS according to the same parameters and method (i.e., in a symmetrical manner), that is, generate the same CTS.

[0157] Optionally, the method further includes: S804, the first terminal device and the second terminal device wake up the second communication system and prepare for ranging, wherein the bandwidth used by the first terminal device and the second terminal device when communicating in the second communication system is greater than the bandwidth used when communicating in the first communication system.

[0158] For example, the second communication system is a UWB system. For ease of understanding and distinction, the second communication system will be referred to as a broadband system in the following description of this application.

[0159] It should be understood that the interaction between the two terminal devices in the broadband system mentioned later can also refer to the interaction between the broadband modules of the two terminal devices. The relevant details will not be elaborated further.

[0160] The phrase "the first terminal device and the second terminal device wake up the broadband system" can be understood as waking up the broadband modules in the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0161] Optionally, the first and second terminal devices can wake up the broadband system using narrowband signals. For example, the first and second terminal devices can use narrowband signals such as NFC, BLE, and WIFI as drivers to wake up the broadband system when required by the user.

[0162] Optionally, S803 can be executed before or after S804. For example, if S803 is executed after S804, then after the first terminal device wakes up the broadband system, the narrowband communication module of the first terminal device can also pass the session key and first configuration information to the broadband module of the first terminal device, and the broadband module of the first terminal device determines the CTS based on the session key and the first configuration information. Alternatively, if S803 is executed before S804, the narrowband communication module of the first terminal device can determine the CTS and then pass the CTS to the broadband module of the first terminal device. The same applies to the second terminal device, and will not be elaborated here. For example, to reduce ranging waiting time, the first and second terminal devices can determine the CTS before waking up the broadband system.

[0163] S805, the first terminal device determines a first measurement result based on CTS in the second communication system. The first measurement result includes distance information between the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0164] Specifically, the first terminal device needs to generate a ranging frame based on the CTS (Center Time System). Then, the broadband module of the first terminal device sends the ranging frame to the broadband module of the second terminal device. Upon receiving the ranging frame, the broadband module of the second terminal device processes it according to the generated CTS and then sends the ranging frame back to the broadband module of the first terminal device. The first terminal device determines the first measurement result based on the flight time of the ranging frame between the two terminal devices. For details on how to determine the first measurement result based on flight time, please refer to [link to documentation]. Figure 7 The description in the text will not be repeated here.

[0165] For example, the specific form of the ranging frame can be... Figure 5 For Type 4, simply remove SFD from Type 4 and replace STS with CTS.

[0166] For example, to reduce ranging latency, the first terminal device can generate a ranging frame before waking up the broadband system.

[0167] Optionally, in step S806, the broadband module of the first terminal device transmits the first measurement result to the narrowband module of the first terminal device. Then, the first terminal device broadcasts the first measurement result to other devices in the personal area network via the narrowband system. For example, the narrowband module of the first terminal device sends the first measurement result to the narrowband module of the second terminal device.

[0168] As can be seen, the above technical solution uses a narrowband system to establish a link and obtains the session key. Based on the session key, a secure CTS is further generated. Both devices generate the CTS in a symmetrical manner, and the parameters related to CTS generation in the first configuration information are defined in detail. The sequence length and sequence interval of the CTS can be arbitrarily configured through the first configuration information, enhancing flexibility and improving secure ranging performance. Simultaneously, the narrowband system replaces the broadband system for key-related information negotiation, reducing power consumption. This method performs data communication in the narrowband system and ranging in the broadband system, achieving both low power consumption and high-precision ranging.

[0169] It should be understood that the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0170] It should also be understood that, in the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0171] It should also be understood that the above embodiments are mainly illustrated using devices in existing network architectures as examples. It should be understood that the specific form of the device is not limited in the embodiments of this application. For example, any device that can achieve the same function in the future is applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0172] It is understood that in the above-described method embodiments, the methods and operations implemented by the device (such as the first terminal device, the second terminal device, etc.) can also be implemented by the device's components (such as chips or circuits).

[0173] The above, combined with Figure 8 The methods provided in the embodiments of this application are described in detail. The above methods are mainly described from the perspective of the interaction between the first terminal device and the second terminal device. It is understood that, in order to realize the above functions, the first terminal device and the second terminal device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0175] The following, combined with Figure 11 and Figure 12 This application provides a detailed description of the communication device provided in its embodiments. It should be understood that the descriptions of the device embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments; therefore, any content not described in detail can be found in the above method embodiments. For brevity, some content is omitted.

[0176] This application embodiment can divide the first terminal device or the second terminal device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following description uses the division of functional modules according to each function as an example.

[0177] Figure 11 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 As shown, the device 1000 may include a transceiver unit 1100 and a processing unit 1200. The transceiver unit 1100 can communicate with the outside world, and the processing unit 1200 is used for data processing. The transceiver unit 1100 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

[0178] Optionally, the device 1000 may further include a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data, and the processing unit 1200 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit to enable the device to implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0179] The device 1000 can be used to perform the actions performed by the transceiver device (such as the first terminal device and the second terminal device) in the above method embodiment. In this case, the device 1000 can be the transceiver device or a component that can be configured in the transceiver device. The transceiver unit 1100 is used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the transceiver device in the above method embodiment, and the processing unit 1200 is used to perform the processing-related operations of the transceiver device in the above method embodiment.

[0180] As a design, the device 1000 is used to perform the actions performed by the first terminal device in the above method embodiments.

[0181] As an alternative design, the device 1000 is used to perform the actions performed by the second terminal device in the above method embodiments.

[0182] It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the above-mentioned corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0183] The processing unit 1200 in the above embodiments can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The transceiver unit 1100 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuitry. The storage unit can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0184] like Figure 12 As shown, this application embodiment also provides an apparatus 10. The apparatus 10 includes a processor 11 and may further include one or more memories 12. The processor 11 is coupled to the memory 12, which stores computer programs or instructions and / or data. The processor 11 executes the computer programs or instructions and / or data stored in the memory 12, causing the methods in the above method embodiments to be executed. Optionally, the apparatus 10 includes one or more processors 11.

[0185] Alternatively, the memory 12 can be integrated with the processor 11 or set separately.

[0186] Optionally, such as Figure 12 As shown, the device 10 may also include a transceiver 13, which is used for receiving and / or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 11 is used to control the transceiver 13 to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0187] As one option, the device 10 is used to implement the operations performed by the transceiver device (such as the first terminal device and the second terminal device) in the above method embodiments.

[0188] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by transceiver devices (such as a first terminal device and a second terminal device) in the above-described method embodiments.

[0189] For example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, it enables the computer to implement the method performed by the transceiver device (such as the first terminal device and the second terminal device) in the above method embodiments.

[0190] This application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to implement the method described above, which is executed by a transceiver device (such as a first terminal device and a second terminal device).

[0191] This application also provides a communication system, which includes the first terminal device and the second terminal device mentioned in the above embodiments.

[0192] The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the devices provided above can be found in the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0193] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0194] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM can include a variety of forms, such as: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0195] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0196] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0197] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of protection of this application.

[0198] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatus or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0199] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to implement the solution provided in this application, depending on actual needs.

[0200] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0201] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs). For example, the aforementioned available media may include, but are not limited to, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0202] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0203] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0204] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th Generation (5G) systems or new radio (NR) systems and future communication systems, vehicle-to-other devices (V2X), where V2X can include vehicle-to-network (V2N), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P), etc., Long Term Evolution-V (LTE-V) technology for vehicle-to-everything (V2X), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-type communication (MTC), and the Internet of Things (IoT). Things (IoT), Long Term Evolution of Machines (LTE-M), Machine to Machine (M2M), etc.

[0205] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the communication system of this application embodiment may include a network device and multiple terminal devices. The network device may include one or more antennas. In addition, the network device may additionally include a transmitter chain and a receiver chain, which, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, may each include multiple components (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, or antennas, etc.) related to signal transmission and reception.

[0206] Network devices can communicate with multiple terminal devices. The terminal devices in this application embodiment can also be referred to as: user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device, etc.

[0207] Terminal devices can be devices that provide voice / data connectivity to users, such as handheld devices with wireless connectivity, in-vehicle devices, etc. Currently, examples of terminal devices include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, or future public land mobile communication networks. The embodiments of this application do not limit the terminal equipment in the network (PLMN) and / or any other suitable equipment for communicating on the wireless communication system.

[0208] Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an Internet of Things (IoT) system. IoT is an important component of future information technology development, and its main technical characteristic is connecting objects to networks through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and machine-to-machine interconnection.

[0209] In addition, in this embodiment, the terminal device may also include sensors such as smart printers, train detectors, and gas stations. Its main functions include collecting data (for some terminal devices), receiving control information and downlink data from network devices, and sending electromagnetic waves to transmit uplink data to network devices.

[0210] The network device in this application embodiment can be a device for communicating with terminal devices. This network device can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) system or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), a base station B (nodeB, NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved node B (eNB, eNodeB) in an LTE system, a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a home base station (e.g., home evolved nodeB, or home nodeB, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), or a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted device, wearable device, or network device in a 5G network or a future evolved PLMN network, etc., and can be an access point in a WLAN. Points (APs), wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, transmission points (TPs), or transmission and reception points (TRPs), etc., can be gNBs or transmission points (TRPs or TPs) in new radio (NR) systems, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or network nodes constituting gNBs or transmission points, such as baseband units (BBUs) or distributed units (DUs), etc. The embodiments of this application are not limited.

[0211] In some deployments, a gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a distribution unit (DU). A gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU implements some of the gNB's functions, and the DU implements others. For example, the CU handles non-real-time protocols and services, implementing radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer functions. The DU handles physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing radio link control (RLC), media access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layer functions. The AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and active antenna-related functions. Since RRC layer information ultimately becomes PHY layer information, or is derived from PHY layer information, in this architecture, higher-layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, can be considered to be sent by the DU, or by the DU+AAU. It is understood that network devices can be devices that include one or more of the following: CU nodes, DU nodes, and AAU nodes. Furthermore, the CU can be classified as a network device in the radio access network (RAN) or as a network device in the core network (CN); this application does not limit this classification. Regarding the application of procedures and methods in the ranging process, one technical solution is as follows: Figure 3 As shown (taking a 1-to-1 ranging process as an example):

[0212] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The ranging beacon is used for time synchronization and parameter broadcasting in UWB personal area networks; RCAP is the contention period, during which actual devices can join the network (personal area network); RCFP is the non-contention period, used for allocating time slots for necessary inter-device interactions; RCM is the ranging control frame, responsible for managing the ranging period.

[0213] Assume device role:

[0214] Since the diagram uses two devices as an example, in the Beacon phase, device 1 is defined as the coordinator, responsible for sending Beacon frames to achieve the broadcasting of parameters and time synchronization within the personal area network; after receiving the Beacon frame, device 2 joins the personal area network of device 1 (the coordinator) as needed.

[0215] During the contention and non-contention phases, device 1 (the coordinator) can indicate via beacon whether this phase (contention and non-contention phase) is needed. If needed, other devices (such as device n) can intervene in the personal area network (PAN) established by device 1 during this phase. If this phase is not needed, the current PAN and related devices within the PAN are maintained.

[0216] During the ranging process, there are four roles defined. Device 1 acts as both the controller and the ranging initiator, while device 2 acts as both the controller and the ranging responder. Device 1 performs ranging with device 2. The controller is responsible for sending ranging control frames, including role definitions and time slot allocation control, i.e., which devices act as ranging initiators and which devices act as ranging responders. The ranging process is based on TDMA, which allocates time slots for each time period through ranging control frames.

[0217] like Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the UWB ranging process implementation steps of a technical solution structure diagram are as follows:

[0218] Step 1: Before UWB starts, it is woken up via BLE. After waking up, UWB applies the default parameters (such as the channel number, synchronization code, preamble code, speed, etc. defined during initialization).

[0219] Step 2: After UWB is woken up and started, it performs network formation and ranging.

[0220] Step 3: Beacon phase, sending Beacon frames to achieve individual domain network definition, time synchronization, etc.;

[0221] Step 4: Competition and non-competition phases, completing device network access and designated device interaction;

[0222] Step 5: During the ranging process, a ranging control frame (RCM) is first sent. Based on TDMA, the time is allocated and the roles are defined. At the same time, for the generation of the safe STS sequence, the RSKD (ranging STS key data information element) information element (IE) needs to be sent in advance. The specific definition of RSKD in the standard is shown in Table 4.

[0223] Table 4

[0224]

[0225] The key parameters, V1 / V2 / V3 / V Counter, and STS key constitute the input for generating different segment sequences of the STS segment, such as... Figure 4 As shown (where the number of n can be configured according to different patterns).

[0226] Step 6: Then, the initiator initiates the initial ranging frame; after receiving the initial ranging frame, the responder will send a ranging frame back to the initiator. The specific types of UWB ranging frames are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0227] Depend on Figure 4 STS sequence generation flowchart and Figure 5 The UWB ranging frame format, specifically the STS format, is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Example, Figure 4 The gap in the STS sequence is defined as 512 zeros. For example... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The following is an illustrative example using an STS containing 4 STS segments.

[0228] Step 7: Each device calculates the flight time of the ranging frame and completes the ranging between devices.

[0229] Step 8: The ranging results are broadcast via UWB, which is independent of BLE.

[0230] Afterwards, repeat the above steps with the new ranging wheel; details will not be repeated here.

[0231] The existing technical solutions described above have the following disadvantages:

[0232] 1) UWB ultra-broadband systems require the construction of personal area networks, which is highly complex;

[0233] 2) The generation of STS sequences requires the UWB system to complete parameter negotiation, which takes up a long time of broadband system operation, consumes a lot of power, and has limited parameter configuration and poor flexibility.

[0234] 3) Generally speaking, a UWB system can support a maximum of 7 devices within a personal area network (PAN), and the size of the PAN is limited.

[0235] In view of this, and in response to the technical solutions and problems listed above, this application proposes a broadband and narrowband integrated secure ranging scheme. It constructs a personal area network through a narrowband system, negotiates security parameters, and reduces system power consumption. The secure ranging frame can be arbitrarily configured, providing high flexibility.

[0236] Figure 14 This is a schematic flowchart of a secure ranging method that integrates wideband and narrowband bandwidths, as proposed in this application. The method includes the following steps:

[0237] Step 1: Establish communication links between devices through a narrowband system (and obtain session keys at the same time) to form a personal area network; no broadband system is required.

[0238] Step 2: The narrowband system sends a ranging control frame, which includes the Secure Ranging Generation Sequence (CTSC) IE information element.

[0239] Its detailed field composition is shown in Table 5:

[0240] Table 5

[0241]

[0242] The specific meanings of each field are shown in Table 6:

[0243] Table 6

[0244]

[0245] Step 3: Wake up the broadband system and prepare for distance measurement;

[0246] Step 4: The broadband system generates a CTS to complete the distance measurement between devices;

[0247] Step 5: The broadband system reports the measurement results to the narrowband system, which then broadcasts the results to other devices.

[0248] The following section will elaborate on two possible methods for generating CTS in a broadband system.

[0249] Method 1

[0250] like Figure 14 The flowchart shown illustrates the secure ranging process for broadband and narrowband system fusion. After the narrowband system establishes a link, a session key is generated synchronously. In this method, the generation of the CTS sequence can be achieved using... Figure 15 The CTS sequence generation input / output process is shown in the diagram. The session key can be either 128-bit or 256-bit. After generating the CTS sequence, the preamble is concatenated with the CTS sequence, and the concatenated sequence is assembled into a ranging frame for transmission and reception, thus completing the inter-device ranging in the broadband system.

[0251] Method 2

[0252] Figure 16 This is a flowchart illustrating the input and output generation process for the CTS sequence in Method 2. The steps for generating the CTS sequence include:

[0253] (1) Broadband systems use narrowband systems to establish session keys;

[0254] (2) Obtaining Messages: The Message can be concatenated as shown in Table 2, which describes the CTSC information obtained.

[0255] For example, the assembly method can be: ctsConfig|ctsCodeIdx|ctsSymNum|gapBaseSymNum|0… to form 128 or 256 bits, and fill in 0s if necessary.

[0256] (3) The session key and message are used as inputs to the AES module, and the generated pseudo-random bits are used as inputs to the CTS generation module. The generated CTS sequence is concatenated with the preamble to form the ranging frame of the broadband system.

[0257] The above technical solution uses a narrowband system to establish a link and obtains the session key. Based on the session key, a secure CTS sequence is generated. Both devices generate the CTS sequence in a symmetrical manner, and the parameters related to CTS sequence generation are defined in detail. The sequence length and sequence gap can be arbitrarily configured through CTSC messages, enhancing flexibility. At the same time, the narrowband system replaces the broadband system in negotiating key-related information, which can reduce broadband power consumption, improve secure ranging performance, and achieve both low power consumption and high accuracy ranging.

[0258] The above provides a detailed description of the secure ranging method with broadband and narrowband fusion provided in this application. The following describes the communication device provided in this application.

[0259] See Figure 17 , Figure 17 A schematic block diagram of the communication device 100 provided in this application. Figure 17 The communication device 100 includes a receiving unit 1100, a processing unit 1200, and a transmitting unit 1300. Each module in the communication device is used to execute the corresponding steps in the methods of the various embodiments of this application.

[0260] The functions of the processing device can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. For example, the processing device may include a memory and a processor. The memory stores computer programs, and the processor reads and executes the computer programs stored in the memory, causing the communication device 100 to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the terminal device in each method embodiment. Optionally, the processing device may consist only of a processor, with the memory for storing the computer programs located outside the processing device. The processor is connected to the memory via circuits / wires to read and execute the computer programs stored in the memory. As another example, the processing device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

[0261] Optionally, in an implementation where the communication device 100 can be a chip or integrated circuit installed in a terminal device, the transmitting unit 1300 and the receiving unit 1100 can be communication interfaces or interface circuits. For example, the transmitting unit 1300 can be an output interface or output circuit, and the receiving unit 1100 can be an input interface or input circuit. The processing unit 1200 can be a processor or microprocessor integrated on the chip or integrated circuit. No limitation is made here.

[0262] See Figure 18 , Figure 18 This is a schematic structural diagram of the communication device 200 provided in this application. The device 200 includes a processor 11, which is coupled to a memory 12. The memory 12 is used to store computer programs or instructions and / or data. The processor 11 is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 12, or to read the data stored in the memory 12, in order to perform the methods in the above-described method embodiments.

[0263] Optionally, there may be one or more processors 11.

[0264] Optionally, the memory 12 may be one or more.

[0265] Alternatively, the memory 12 can be integrated with the processor 11, or it can be set separately.

[0266] Optionally, such as Figure 18 As shown, the device 200 also includes a transceiver 13 for receiving and / or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 11 controls the transceiver 13 to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0267] In addition, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the methods in the various method embodiments of this application to be performed.

[0268] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code or instructions, such that when the computer program code or instructions are run on a computer, the methods in the various method embodiments of this application are executed.

[0269] Furthermore, this application also provides a chip including a processor. A memory for storing a computer program is provided independently of the chip, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to perform the methods in the various method embodiments of this application.

[0270] Furthermore, the chip may also include a communication interface. The communication interface may be an input / output interface or an interface circuit, etc. Furthermore, the chip may also include a memory.

[0271] In addition, this application also provides a communication system, including the terminal device in the embodiments of this application.

[0272] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be an integrated circuit chip with the ability to process signals. In implementation, each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by the integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware encoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the encoding processor. The software modules can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0273] The memory in this application embodiment can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it can include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DRRAM).

[0274] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0275] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0276] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0277] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0278] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0279] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0280] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0281] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0282] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for safe distance measurement, characterized in that, include: The first terminal device negotiates and obtains a session key with the second terminal device in the first communication system; The first terminal device sends first configuration information to the second terminal device in the first communication system. The first configuration information includes relevant parameters for generating a channel impulse response training sequence (CTS). The first configuration information includes at least one of the following parameters: the code length of the preamble used by the CTS, the index of the preamble used by the CTS, and the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) of the CTS. The first terminal device generates the CTS by encrypting the first configuration information and the session key using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The first terminal device determines a first measurement result based on the CTS in the second communication system, wherein the first measurement result includes distance information between the first terminal device and the second terminal device, and the bandwidth used in the second communication system is greater than the bandwidth used in the first communication system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first terminal device determines a first measurement result based on the CTS in the second communication system, including: The first terminal device generates a ranging frame based on the CTS; The first terminal device sends the ranging frame to the second terminal device in the second communication system; The first terminal device receives the ranging frame from the second terminal device in the second communication system; The first terminal device determines the first measurement result based on the flight time of the ranging frame.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first terminal device sends the first measurement result to the second terminal device in the first communication system.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first configuration information also includes at least one of the following parameters: The CTS contains the number of segment sequences, the number of preamble symbols in each segment sequence of the CTS, and the number of reference symbols for the interval between adjacent segment sequences in the CTS.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The session key is 128 bits or 256 bits long.

6. A method for safe distance measurement, characterized in that, include: The second terminal device negotiates and obtains a session key with the first terminal device in the first communication system; The second terminal device receives first configuration information from the first terminal device in the first communication system. The first configuration information includes relevant parameters for generating a channel impulse response training sequence (CTS). The first configuration information includes at least one of the following parameters: the code length of the preamble used by the CTS, the index of the preamble used by the CTS, and the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) of the CTS. The second terminal device generates the CTS by encrypting the first configuration information and the session key using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The CTS is used to determine a first measurement result in the second communication system. The first measurement result includes distance information between the first terminal device and the second terminal device. The bandwidth used in the second communication system is greater than the bandwidth used in the first communication system.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second terminal device receives ranging frames from the first terminal device in the second communication system; The second terminal device determines that the ranging frame includes the CTS; The second terminal device sends the ranging frame to the first terminal device in the second communication system.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second terminal device receives the first measurement result from the first terminal device in the first communication system.

9. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first configuration information also includes at least one of the following parameters: The CTS includes the number of segment sequences, the number of preamble symbols in each segment sequence of the CTS, and the number of reference symbols for the interval between two adjacent segment sequences in the CTS.

10. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The session key is 128 bits or 256 bits long.

11. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

12. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 6 to 10.

13. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the at least one memory to cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

14. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the at least one memory to cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 6 to 10.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, perform the method as described in any one of claims 6 to 10.

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