Mixing device for a gas heater

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas heater mixing device for a gas heater, comprising a mixing element for mixing a gas and a fuel gas, a gas line for supplying the gas to a chamber of the mixing element, a fuel gas line for supplying the fuel gas to the chamber, and a movable valve body, wherein the valve body is settable between different positions to control the flow of the mixed gas that can flow through an outlet opening of the mixing element. The gas heater mixing device is characterized in that the valve body is formed such that the supply of the fuel gas into the chamber through the fuel gas line depends on the position of the valve body in the chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a mixing device for a gas heater. Additionally, this invention relates to a gas heater and a boiler having such a mixing device. Background Technology

[0002] Various gas heaters are known from the prior art. Gas heaters typically include a mixing device comprising a chamber in which gas (particularly air) is mixed with fuel gas. The mixed gas is supplied to the burner of the gas heater. Such gas heaters can be used, for example, in boilers. Boilers include a heat exchanger through which water is heated by the gas heater.

[0003] Flashbacks are a known problem in gas heaters. This problem is particularly pronounced when the fuel gas is hydrogen or has a high molar fraction of hydrogen. Flashback can damage other components of the gas heater, such as gas valves and fans. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress flashback.

[0004] For example, EP2664849A2 discloses a well-known mixing device solution aimed at providing a mixing device according to WO2012 / 007823A1 where the mixture does not accumulate in the transition region, and teaches a mixing device comprising a mixing nozzle, particularly a venturi nozzle, having two air ducts for guiding air using gas supplies respectively, and a sealing unit comprising a flap. The sealing unit is configured such that during operation at a low air mass flow rate, the flap closes the latter air duct or the latter gas supply in the closed position. In the transition region between the low and high air mass flow rates, the air velocity in the latter gas supply region is so low that the accumulation of the fuel-air mixture does not occur. The flap is designed so that the fuel-air mixture does not accumulate in the transition region; the openings on the flap are precisely for this purpose. This allows air to flow through the openings when the flap is partially closed. This prevents high flow velocities in the region of the second gas supply. However, the solution disclosed in EP2664849A2 cannot prevent flashback because the air and gas supply remains open to allow flashback to pass through.

[0005] US2020284473A2 aims to reduce and mitigate combustion-related problems when using hydrogen as fuel gas and discloses a gas heater including a valve to suppress backfire. The valve is located upstream of the burner and downstream of a mixing device for mixing the fuel gas and air. The valve is movable and can be positioned in an open position to allow the mixed gas to flow into the burner. Furthermore, the valve can be in a closed position when backfire occurs. In the closed position, the valve disconnects the burner from other parts of the gas heater, thereby preventing damage to these components from backfire.

[0006] Improving the Design of a Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)-Air Mixer for a Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Hassan Sadah Muhssen et al., Energy, Vol. 216, February 1, 2021, No. 118957, aims to examine the performance of existing secondary fuel premixed controllers (SFPMCs) and commercial mixers, and to modify the design of air-fuel ratio (AFR) and CNG-air mixture homogeneity (CAMH) based on the operating speed of the internal combustion engine. This document discloses an SFPMC comprising a hollow housing including an air inlet, a CNG inlet, a main controller body, a mixture outlet section, a control valve, a spring, a plastic gasket, and a CNG outlet port. Incoming air passes through the air inlet section and resists spring force against the control valve to open the air inlet section and the control valve to open the air and CNG passages, while the mixer outlet section discharges the CNG-air mixture into the operating engine manifold. The main controller body includes a housing supporting the axial movement of the control valve and a CNG manifold comprising a CNG inlet, a CNG distribution chamber, and seven CNG outlet ports. The mixer operates on the principle of a fixed CNG inlet pressure, while the amount of CNG entering the mixer is controlled by the surface design of the control valve shaft. The control valve shaft opens and closes the CNG path during the movement of the control valve. The control valve opens and closes the inner end of the CNG inlet according to the engine's operating speed and air-fuel ratio requirements. The movement of the control valve depends on the pressure of the air drawn in by the running internal combustion engine and passing through the mixer.

[0007] US20110226218A1 discloses a controller for mixing a combustible gas or gas mixture, including natural gas (CNG), propane, butane, LPG, hydrogen, and octane, which is used as a secondary fuel for mixing and then fed into the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine for vehicles such as generators, ships, cranes, aircraft, and helicopters, to reduce fuel consumption of the primary fuel, which may include octane, diesel, ethanol, and kerosene. This document discloses a secondary fuel controller including a hollow air inlet, one end of which is threadedly engaged with a hollow controller body and threadedly engaged with an air / fuel mixture outlet. A coaxially aligned pressure valve is installed within the controller, positioned near the inlet end of the air inlet, and a secondary fuel air / air mixer is positioned near the outlet end of the air / fuel mixture outlet. The valve and air mixer are held together by coaxially aligned connecting screws, allowing the valve and air mixer to move together as a unit within a secondary fuel manifold formed inside the main controller body. An airflow resistance spring is positioned between the air pressure valve and the secondary fuel manifold to hold the arrangement in the closed position, with the air mixer abutting the outlet end of the secondary fuel manifold. The secondary fuel manifold includes a laterally oriented secondary fuel inlet, which can be connected to a secondary fuel source such as natural gas (NGV), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and hydrogen. Other fuel sources, such as ethanol and biofuels, are also within the scope of this invention. When connected to a secondary fuel source, pressurized fuel is available within the secondary fuel inlet, but flow only occurs when the air mixer is moved to a variable open position. The opening of the air mixer is controlled by the impact of air flowing into the intake port against the convex profile surface of the air pressure valve. The greater the airflow required by the engine, the greater the opening of the air mixer. Secondary or alternative fuel sources enter the controller through the secondary fuel inlet and then pass through the air mixer, where they are mixed with the incoming air at the outlet and discharged as a mixed or blended gas. This mixed air / secondary fuel mixture then flows into the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine for proper mixing with the primary fuel source supplied separately to the engine's intake manifold. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a gas heater mixing device, wherein, particularly when using hydrogen as fuel, the components are safe from damage by backfire, and wherein a compact structure of the gas heater mixing device can be achieved.

[0009] This objective is achieved by a gas heater mixing device comprising a mixing element for mixing gas and fuel gas, a gas line for supplying gas into a chamber of the mixing element, a fuel gas line for supplying fuel gas into the chamber, and a movable valve body, wherein the valve body can be disposed in different positions to control the flow of mixed gas through an outlet opening of the mixing element, characterized in that the valve body is configured such that the supply of fuel gas into the chamber through the fuel gas line depends on the position of the valve body in the chamber.

[0010] The gas heater mixing device of the present invention has the advantage of compact structure because the valve body is located in the chamber of the mixing element, thus requiring less space compared to gas heater mixing devices of known gas heaters. Furthermore, it can prevent damage to components of the gas heater mixing device due to tempering.

[0011] The mixed gas is the output gas leaving the gas heater mixing device. The mixed gas may include both gas and fuel gas. Alternatively, if no fuel gas is injected into the chamber, the mixed gas consists only of gas.

[0012] The outlet opening of the mixing element is an opening within the mixing element through which the mixed gas flows to be supplied to the burner. The outlet opening can be located at one end of the mixing device. The inlet opening of the mixing device is an opening within the mixing element through which gas supplied by a fan flows into the chamber of the mixing element. The inlet opening can be located at the other end of the mixing device. Both openings can have their own planes extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mixing element.

[0013] The fuel gas can be natural gas, methane, ethylene, propane, butane, coal gas, biogas, etc., or a mixture thereof, or a mixture thereof that also contains hydrogen or hydrogen gas (especially pure hydrogen). If the fuel gas contains at least 98 mol% hydrogen, then pure hydrogen is present. The gas can be air.

[0014] If the gas is air, the gas source corresponds to the environment in which the fan draws in air. Gas can be stored in gas cylinders, gas pipelines, or gas networks, or produced locally, for example, by an electrolytic cell.

[0015] In the following text, the terms "downstream" and "upstream" refer to the direction of gas flow from the gas heater fan to the burner, or the direction of gas flow from the gas valve to the burner. The burner may be a premixed burner. Premixing means that a mixture of gas and fuel gas is supplied to the burner.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the invention, when the valve is in the first position, the valve body can close the gas pipeline, thereby preventing gas from being supplied to the chamber. Specifically, when the valve is in the first position, the valve body can close the gas pipeline so that no or only a limited amount of gas can flow through the outlet opening. This valve position has the advantage of increasing the safety of the gas heater. In particular, when the valve body is in the first position, backfire is prevented from moving backward toward the gas valve.

[0017] When the valve body is not in the first position, gas can be supplied to the chamber. Specifically, the amount of gas supplied to the chamber depends on the valve body position. Therefore, the amount of gas supplied to the chamber can be easily controlled by controlling the valve position. Consequently, the composition of the gas mixture can be easily controlled.

[0018] The gas line can guide the valve body from a first position to a second position and vice versa. Specifically, the valve shaft can be inserted into the cavity of the gas line. Therefore, at least a portion of the valve shaft is surrounded by the gas line in the circumferential direction of the valve shaft. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the valve shaft is smaller than the outer diameter of the gas line. Specifically, the outer diameter of the valve shaft is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the gas line, allowing the valve shaft to move relative to the gas line. The length of the valve shaft extending into the gas line cavity depends on the position of the valve body within the cavity.

[0019] Alternatively, the movable valve shaft can surround the gas line in the circumferential direction. In such an embodiment, the valve shaft is hollow to receive at least a portion of the gas line. Therefore, the valve shaft surrounds at least a portion of the gas line in the circumferential direction.

[0020] In both embodiments, the valve shaft can move relative to the gas line, wherein the gas line guides the movement of the valve shaft, thereby guiding the movement of the valve body. Specifically, the valve body can move in a linear direction. Therefore, the valve body can move along the length axis of the mixing element. The valve shaft can have a circular cross-section. Alternatively, the valve shaft can have different cross-sections, particularly a square cross-section.

[0021] The valve shaft can extend from the valve head of the valve body along the length of the mixing element. The valve head can have a larger diameter than the movable valve shaft. Therefore, there is no need to provide a separate guide for the valve, as the guide is provided by the gas line that already exists to supply gas to the chamber. This results in a simple structure for the gas heater.

[0022] A gas pipeline may include at least one gas opening, such as a hole or slot, and more particularly multiple gas openings through which gas can be supplied to a chamber. The advantage of providing multiple gas openings is that the amount of gas supplied to the chamber can be easily controlled by the position of a movable valve shaft. The gas openings are spaced apart from each other, particularly along the length axis of the mixing element. Therefore, the gas supply can be ensured through the axial portion of the mixing element, thereby improving the mixing of gas and air within the chamber of the mixing element.

[0023] The gas opening, or each gas opening, can be configured such that gas is supplied into the chamber transversely to the length axis of the mixing element. Specifically, at least one gas opening can be configured such that gas is supplied into the chamber in a direction perpendicular to the length axis of the mixing element. This gas supply exhibits the advantage of increasing the mixing of gas and other gases within the chamber of the mixing element. In an alternative embodiment, gas can be supplied into the chamber in a direction other than 90° to the length axis of the mixing element. Alternatively, gas can be supplied tangentially to the mixing element.

[0024] The gas pipeline can be configured such that when the gas leaves the gas inlet, it is directed radially outward. Radially outward can be understood as a direction away from the length axis of the mixing element (which could be the central axis of the mixing element). Therefore, the gas is not supplied to the chamber from the wall of the mixing element. In the above case, the gas is radially inward, i.e., towards the length axis of the mixing element. At least one gas inlet is configured such that the direction of movement of the valve body differs from the direction of movement of the gas when leaving the gas inlet. The advantage of this gas pipeline is that the gas can be well mixed with the gas flowing within the chamber.

[0025] When the valve body is in the first position, the movable valve body (specifically the valve shaft) closes the gas opening or all gas openings. In the first position, the valve shaft covers all gas openings such that gas cannot flow into the chamber. Therefore, when the valve body is in the first position, no gas is supplied to the chamber in a compact and safe manner.

[0026] When the movable valve body is in the second position, it does not close at least one gas opening. Specifically, in the second position, the valve shaft does not close any gas openings. The valve body can be connected to a gas line such that the number of gas openings not closed by the valve shaft increases as the valve body moves away from the first position and / or toward the second position. Therefore, it is ensured that gas is supplied to the chamber of the mixing element in the second position and / or in an intermediate position between the first and second positions.

[0027] The valve body can move in multiple positions. These positions differ from one another in the flow area through which the mixed gas can flow. In the first position of the valve, the valve (particularly the valve head) is in contact with the wall of the mixing element, thus preventing the mixed gas from flowing through the outlet opening of the mixing element. Alternatively, the first position of the valve body is configured to allow a predefined gap, also known as a quenching gap, which can be maintained between the valve head and the wall of the mixing element. Therefore, even when the valve body is in the first position, a limited flow of the mixed gas may occur. This gap is intended to ensure flame extinguishing, thus acting as a flame arrestor to improve the safety of systems operating with flammable gases or liquids. The quenching gap is defined based on room temperature up to 80–90 degrees Celsius and can be 0.5 to 2.5 mm, particularly in the range between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. For hydrogen applications, the quenching gap is preferably less than 0.65 mm.

[0028] When the valve is in the open position or removed from the first position, the flow area corresponds to the area between the wall of the mixing element and the valve (particularly the valve head). In the second position of the valve body, the flow area between the wall of the mixing element and the valve is greater than the flow area when the valve body is in the first position. The flow of the mixed gas increases with the increase of the distance between the valve body and the mixing element. The flow of the mixed gas is at its maximum when the valve body is in the fully open position. In this position, the valve shaft does not cover any gas opening in the gas pipeline.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the invention, a gas pipeline may include a gas pipeline section arranged coaxially, parallel to, tangentially to, or at an angle between 90° and 0° with the length axis of the mixing element. Alternatively, the gas pipeline may have a different orientation relative to the length axis of the mixing element. The gas pipeline section may include at least one gas opening, which may be, for example, in the form of a hole or a slot. In particular, the gas pipeline section may include gas openings arranged opposite each other, especially radially. The advantage of the gas pipeline section is that it allows gas to be supplied in the central region of the chamber, thereby improving the mixing of gas and gas. In particular, the gas pipeline section may be arranged to surround the chamber. The gas pipeline section may surround the mixing element tangentially with respect to the length axis of the mixing element. The length axis of the gas pipeline section is parallel to or coaxial with the length axis of the mixing element. As mentioned above, the length axis of the mixing element may be the central axis of the mixing element.

[0030] The chamber can have a shape that is symmetrical about its length axis. Alternatively, the chamber can have an asymmetrical shape, particularly asymmetrical with respect to its length axis. The chamber can be in the form of a Venturi nozzle. The gas line can be configured such that gas can be supplied to a region of the mixing element having a minimum flow cross-section. This can be a nozzle portion with a constant cross-section extending axially along the Venturi nozzle. Additionally or alternatively, gas can be supplied to a region of the mixing element having a smaller flow cross-section than downstream and / or upstream portions of the mixing element. Supplying gas to this region of the mixing element has the advantage that the gas velocity in this region is higher than in other regions of the mixing element. This improves gas-gas mixing. Furthermore, the Venturi nozzle allows the gas heater to include a pneumatic gas valve instead of an electronic or electric gas valve.

[0031] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a gas heater is provided. The gas heater has a burner disposed downstream of the mixing device and fluidly connected to the mixing device.

[0032] When backfire or other unwanted flue gas flow from the combustion chamber to the fan occurs, the valve can be set to the first position. In this case, the pressure upstream of the valve body (i.e., the burner side) is higher than the pressure downstream of the valve body (i.e., the fan side).

[0033] Alternatively, when the pressure at the end of the mixing device away from the burner is higher than the pressure at the end of the mixing device facing the burner, the valve can be placed in a second position or moved from the first position to the second position.

[0034] In one embodiment, the gas heater is configured to use a gaseous fuel comprising 10 mol% to 100 mol%, particularly 50 mol% to 100 mol%, preferably 95 mol% to 100 mol%, and more preferably 95 mol% to 98% hydrogen. The gas heater according to the invention is not limited to using a gaseous fuel containing hydrogen. Any kind of combustible gas can be used as fuel, such as natural gas, methane, ethylene, propane, butane, coal gas, biogas, etc., mixtures thereof, and mixtures thereof that also additionally contain hydrogen or hydrogen gas (particularly pure (at least 98 mol%)). In this embodiment, the gaseous fuel also includes hydrogen, preferably 95 mol% or higher. However, any combination of hydrogen with natural gas can also be used.

[0035] The gas heater may include a fan for supplying gas to the mixing unit. The position of the valve within the chamber, and particularly the valve's position, can be controlled by the fan of the gas heater. In particular, the valve's position depends on the fan's power. This is possible because the pressure applied to the valve depends on the fan's power. When the valve body is detected to be in the first position, the gas valve can be closed and / or the fan can be stopped. The valve body's setting can be detected by changes in the mixed gas flow and / or fan speed.

[0036] Additionally, the gas heater includes a gas valve for controlling the gas supplied to the chamber of the mixing unit. The gas valve can be an electronic or electrical valve, especially when the chamber of the mixing element does not have a venturi nozzle. Alternatively, the gas valve can be a pneumatic valve. In this case, a steering pressure is required to open the gas valve.

[0037] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a gas boiler for heating water is provided. The gas boiler includes a gas heater of the invention and a heat exchanger having a combustion chamber, wherein the burner of the gas heater is at least partially disposed within the combustion chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The subject matter of the invention is schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein elements that have the same or similar functions generally have the same reference numerals.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a side view of a mixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the valve is disposed in a second position.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a side view of a mixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the valve is disposed in a first position.

[0041] Figure 3 For including such Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the gas boiler of the mixing device shown. Detailed Implementation

[0042] like Figure 1 The mixing device 1 shown includes a mixing element 3 for mixing fuel gas and gas. Additionally, the mixing device 1 includes a gas line 4 for supplying gas to a chamber 6 of the mixing element 3. The gas can be ambient air. The mixing device 1 also includes a gas line 5 for supplying fuel gas to the chamber 6 of the mixing element 3 and a movable valve body 7. The valve body 7 is disposed within the chamber 6 and can move between different positions to control the mixed gas flow that can pass through the outlet opening 17 of the mixing element 3. Figure 1The diagram shows valve body 7 in the second position. In this position, the mixed gas can flow through outlet opening 17 of mixing element 3. As explained in more detail below, the supply of gas into chamber 6 of mixing element 3 via gas line 5 depends on the position of valve 7.

[0043] The movable valve body 7 includes a valve head 25 and a valve shaft 8 extending from the valve head 25 in a certain direction. In particular, the valve shaft 8 extends from the valve head 25 such that it is arranged coaxially with the length axis M of the mixing element 3.

[0044] exist Figure 1 As shown, the valve body 7 does not contact the wall 21 of the mixing element 3. Therefore, a flow region 22 exists between the valve body 7 and the axial wall 21 of the mixing element 3, allowing the mixed gas to flow through this flow region 22 toward the outlet 17. The wall 21 defines at least a portion of the chamber 6 along the length axis M of the mixing element 3. The outer cross-section of the valve body 7 is smaller than the inner cross-section of the chamber 6. This ensures that the mixed gas can flow radially to the outlet opening 17 between the valve body 7 and the wall 21 of the mixing element 3.

[0045] The mixing element 3 has an inlet opening 23 through which gas enters the chamber 6. The gas is then... Figure 3 The fan 14 shown is supplied. In this embodiment, a portion of the chamber 6 is formed as a Venturi nozzle 24 downstream of the inlet opening 23. In an optional embodiment (not shown), the chamber does not have a Venturi nozzle. The chamber 6 has a portion with a tapered cross-section, a portion with a constant cross-section, and a widened cross-section.

[0046] The gas line 5 includes a gas line portion 11 extending coaxially with the length axis of the mixing element 3. The gas line portion 11 includes a plurality of gas openings 10 spaced apart from each other along the length axis M of the mixing element 3. Furthermore, the openings 10 are configured such that they are located on the opposite portions of the gas line portion 11 relative to the length axis M of the mixing element 3.

[0047] The valve shaft 8 is housed within the cavity 9 of the gas pipeline 5. Depending on the position of the valve body 7, the valve portion 8 protrudes to varying degrees into the cavity 9. (The remaining text appears to be incomplete and requires further context.) Figure 1 In the partially open position of the valve shown, the valve shaft 8 enters the orifice so that only a portion of the orifice 10 is covered. In the open position of the valve body 7 (not shown), the valve shaft 8 does not cover any of the orifice 10.

[0048] The gas exits the gas line through orifice 10. The orifice 10 and / or the gas line section are positioned such that the flow direction of the gas exiting the orifice 10 is perpendicular to the gas flow direction. After exiting the orifice 10, the gas mixes with the gas in the venturi nozzle 24 section of chamber 6. The mixed gas exits the mixing device 1 through outlet opening 17.

[0049] Figure 1 It shows in Figure 3 The burner 13 shown is in a state where no backfire occurs. This means that the pressure applied to valve body 7 from downstream (i.e., from the fan side) is higher than the pressure applied to valve body 7 from upstream (i.e., from the burner side). The pressure is mainly due to... Figure 1 The mixed gas is applied as indicated by the middle arrow.

[0050] Figure 2 A side view of a mixing device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein a valve body 7 is disposed in a first position. In this position, the valve body 7 (particularly the valve head 25) is in contact with the wall 21 of the mixing element 3. Therefore, there is no flow area between the valve body 7 and the wall 21 through which the mixed gas can flow. In an embodiment not shown, when the valve body 7 is in the first position, the valve body 7 is in close contact with the widened portion, and when the valve body 7 is moved to the second position, the valve body 7 moves toward the outlet opening 17. Close contact means that even in the position of close contact, a predetermined gap, also known as a quenching gap, is still present. This gap is intended to ensure flame extinguishing, thereby acting as a flame arrester to improve the safety of systems operating with flammable gases or liquids. The quenching gap is defined based on room temperature up to 80–90 degrees Celsius and can be 0.5 to 2.5 mm, particularly in the range between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. For hydrogen applications, the quenching gap is preferably less than 0.65 mm.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, when the valve body 7 is in the first position, the movable valve shaft 8 extends into the cavity 9 of the gas pipeline 5 to cover all the gas openings 10 of the gas pipeline 5. Therefore, in the first position, no or almost no gas can be supplied to the chamber 6 through the gas pipeline 5.

[0052] Figure 2 The example illustrates a state where flashback occurs in burner 13. That is, the pressure applied to valve body 7 from the burner side is higher than the pressure applied to valve body 7 from the fan side. Therefore, valve body 7 is pressed against wall 21 due to the applied pressure. The direction of the pressure generated by flashback is as follows... Figure 2 As indicated by the middle arrow.

[0053] Figure 3 This includes, for example Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shows a boiler 18 with a gas heater 2 and a mixing device 1. The fan 14 of the gas heater 2 is located upstream of the mixing device 1 and draws in ambient air. The drawn-in air enters the mixing chamber 6 via the gas pipeline 4 and the inlet opening 23. If there is no backfire, the gas mixes with the fuel gas supplied by the gas pipeline 5 in the mixing chamber 6 and then exits the mixing device 1 through the outlet opening 17.

[0054] The gas heater 2 includes a gas valve 15, which controls the amount of gas supplied to the chamber 6 of the mixing element 3. Additionally, the gas heater 2 includes a burner 13 located downstream of the mixing device 1. Therefore, the mixed gas exiting the mixing device 1 is supplied to the burner 13. The burner 13 is partially located within the combustion chamber 20 of the boiler 18. A flue exits the combustion chamber 20 through an opening (not shown).

[0055] Boiler 18 includes a heat exchanger 19 for heating liquids, particularly water, with heat supplied by burner 13.

[0056] Figure label:

[0057] 1 Gas heater mixing device

[0058] 2 Gas heater

[0059] 3 Hybrid Components

[0060] 4. Gas pipelines

[0061] 5. Gas pipelines

[0062] 6 chambers

[0063] 7 Valve body

[0064] 8 Valve shaft

[0065] 9. Cavity

[0066] 10 holes

[0067] 11 Gas Pipeline Section

[0068] 13 Burners

[0069] 14 fans

[0070] 15 Gas valve

[0071] 17. Outlet opening of the mixing element

[0072] 18 Boilers

[0073] 19 Heat Exchanger

[0074] 20 Combustion Chamber

[0075] 21 wall

[0076] 22 Distribution Area

[0077] 23. Import opening

[0078] 24 Venturi nozzles

[0079] 25 Valve head

[0080] M Length axis

Claims

1. A gas heater mixing device (1), comprising a mixing element (3) for mixing gas and fuel gas, a gas line (4) for supplying gas into a chamber (6) of the mixing element (3), a fuel gas line (5) for supplying fuel gas into the chamber (6), and a movable valve body (7), wherein the valve body (7) is configurable between different positions for controlling the flow of mixed gas through an outlet opening (17) of the mixing element (3), wherein the valve body (7) is configured such that the supply of fuel gas into the chamber (6) through the fuel gas line (5) depends on the position of the valve body (7) in the chamber (6), wherein the fuel gas line (5) includes a plurality of fuel gas openings (10) through which fuel gas can be supplied into the chamber (6), characterized in that, If the valve body (7) is in the first position, the valve body (7) closes all the gas openings (10). If the valve body (7) is in the second position, the valve body (7) will not close at least one gas opening (10). The valve body (7) is coupled to the gas pipeline (5) such that when the valve body (7) leaves the first position, the number of unclosed gas openings (10) increases.

2. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, a. When the valve body (7) is positioned in the first position, the valve body (7) closes the gas pipeline (5); and / or b. When the valve body (7) is not in the first position, gas can be supplied to the chamber (6); and / or c. The amount of gas that can be supplied to the chamber (6) depends on the position of the valve body (7) in the chamber (6).

3. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The gas pipeline (5) guides the valve body (7) from the first position to the second position, and vice versa.

4. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The valve body (7) includes a valve shaft (8), the valve shaft (8) a. Inserted into the cavity (9) of the gas pipeline (5); and / or b. Having an outer diameter smaller than that of the gas pipeline (5); and / or c. At least partially surrounded by the gas pipeline (5); and / or d. Extending from the head of the valve body (7) along the length direction (M) of the mixing element (3); and / or e. The length by which the valve shaft (8) extends into the cavity (9) of the gas pipeline (5) depends on the position of the valve body (7) in the chamber (6).

5. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, a. The gas opening (10) is configured such that gas can be supplied transversely to the length axis (M) of the mixing element (3) into the chamber (6); and / or b. The gas openings (10) are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance; and / or c. The gas pipeline (5) is configured such that the gas is directed radially outward as it exits the gas opening (10); and / or d. At least one of the gas openings (10) is configured such that the direction of movement of the valve body (7) when the gas leaves the gas opening (10) is different from the direction of movement of the gas.

6. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gas inlet (10) is arranged along the length axis (M) of the mixing element (3).

7. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The valve body (7) moves in a straight line.

8. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a gas pipeline section (11), said gas pipeline section (11) a. Set to be coaxial, tangent, parallel, or at an angle between 90° and 0° to the length axis (M) of the mixing element (3); and / or b. Including at least one of the gas openings (10); and / or c. Surrounded by the chamber (6).

9. The gas heater mixing device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The chamber (6) has the form of a Venturi nozzle.

10. The gas heater mixing apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The gas pipeline (5) is configured such that a. Gas can be supplied to the smallest flow cross-sectional area of ​​the mixing element (3); and / or b. Gas energy is supplied in the mixing element (3) in a region having a smaller flow cross-section than the downstream and / or upstream portions of the mixing element (3).

11. A gas heater (2) having a gas heater mixing device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and a burner (13) disposed downstream of the mixing device (1) and in fluid connection with the mixing device (1).

12. The gas heater (2) according to claim 11, characterized in that, If the pressure at one end of the mixing device (1) facing the burner (13) is higher than the pressure at the other end of the mixing device (1) away from the burner (13), then the valve body (7) is positioned in the first position.

13. The gas heater (2) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The gas heater (2) is configured to use a gas containing at least 10 mol% hydrogen.

14. The gas heater (2) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The gas heater (2) is configured to use a gas containing at least 95 mol% hydrogen.

15. The gas heater (2) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, a. The gas heater (2) includes a fan (14) for supplying gas to the gas heater mixing device (1); and / or b. The gas heater (2) includes a gas valve (15) for controlling the gas supplied to the gas heater mixing device (1).

16. A boiler (18) for heating liquids, characterized in that, The boiler (18) includes a gas heater (2) according to any one of claims 11 to 15 and a heat exchanger (19) having a combustion chamber (20), wherein the burner (13) of the gas heater (2) is at least partially disposed within the combustion chamber (20).

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