A method for preparing activated carbon and its application in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for preparing activated carbon and its application in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell. The method involves grinding and sieving low-rank coal, washing it with hydrochloric acid, mixing it with coal tar, molding and crushing it, and then carbonizing and activating it to obtain activated carbon. Compared with activated carbon obtained by existing methods, the activated carbon prepared by this invention has a rougher surface, which is conducive to better adhesion and growth of microorganisms. When used as a filler in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, it can shorten the start-up cycle of the microbial fuel cell and improve the stability of the battery system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of activated carbon preparation technology, and in particular to a method for preparing activated carbon and its application in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] Microbial fuel cell technology has been increasingly applied in industrial wastewater treatment in recent years to enhance effluent quality and provide power for subsequent coupled catalytic processes. A typical microbial fuel cell has a dual-chamber structure, consisting of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber connected by a proton transport structure. The anode chamber is used to inoculate anaerobic bacteria, providing suitable conditions for their metabolism, thus ensuring good treatment efficiency and stable power output. The inoculation rate and growth stability of the anaerobic bacteria determine the efficiency of the microbial fuel cell system. Currently, the common method for inoculating bacteria in the anode chamber simply involves adding sludge particles containing bacteria to a nutrient solution, allowing them to stabilize and metabolize in a sealed environment for a certain period before connecting them to the circuit for operation. This process is time-consuming, inefficient, and the survival of the anaerobic bacteria is not stable enough.

[0003] Current research focuses on preparing activated carbon materials to provide a growth environment for anaerobic bacteria, specifically as packing material for the anode chamber of microbial fuel cells (Microbial Fuel Cells). This aims to shorten the start-up cycle of Microbial Fuel Cells, improve the stability of the battery system, and enhance the efficiency of wastewater treatment. Activated carbon prepared using existing methods typically has a start-up cycle of around 45 days when used as anode packing material for Microbial Fuel Cells. However, the activated carbon prepared using these methods still has certain drawbacks, such as insufficient specific surface area or surface roughness, which affect the growth of anaerobic bacteria and result in a relatively long start-up cycle for Microbial Fuel Cells.

[0004] Patent publication number CN113636551B discloses a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon using activated carbon powder blended with coal. This method proposes a one-step process combining activated carbon powder blended with coal through graded grinding. The process employs a graded blending of raw materials with different binding properties and a binder, which helps improve the mixing, bonding, and interfacial bonding effects between the activated carbon powder and the binder, reduces the amount of binder used, and improves the overall uniformity of the material during subsequent kneading. The raw material used in this method is activated carbon powder, and the application scenario is desulfurization and denitrification. However, the pore structure and surface roughness of activated carbon are not as suitable for the anode chamber of microbial fuel cells as described in this invention.

[0005] Patent publication number CN112279243B discloses a coal gangue-sludge-based activated carbon, its preparation method, and its application in mediated and enhanced anaerobic digestion of wastewater. The method proposes a process of grinding and pulverizing urban sludge and coal gangue separately, mixing them evenly, adding ZnCl2 activator for impregnation, drying, thermal activation, and acid leaching and drying to prepare activated carbon. The activated carbon prepared by this method has a well-developed pore structure, but its surface roughness is insufficient, making it difficult to use in the anode chamber of microbial fuel cells to achieve the goal of shortening the start-up time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a method for preparing activated carbon and its application in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell. The activated carbon obtained by this method can solve the problem of long start-up cycles in microbial fuel cells caused by insufficient surface roughness of activated carbon obtained by existing preparation methods.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for preparing activated carbon involves grinding and sieving low-rank coal, washing it with hydrochloric acid, mixing it with coal tar, molding and crushing it, and then carbonizing and activating it to obtain activated carbon.

[0009] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0010] (1) Raw material processing: After collecting low-rank coal, it is laid flat to dry. During the process, the coal sample mass is weighed every 12h to 24h. The drying end is marked by constant mass. The raw materials required for preparation are taken out by the quartering method.

[0011] (2) Crushing and screening: The raw materials are crushed and ground to below 200 mesh, and the yield is controlled at 95% to 98%;

[0012] (3) Pickling: Place the crushed and ground raw material in hydrochloric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL to 0.05 g / mL, and stir and wash at 35℃ to 60℃ for 6h to 12h. Then wash with water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral.

[0013] (4) Adding binder: Coal tar is added as a binder at a mass fraction of 5% to 30%. The mixture is kneaded in a mixer for 30 minutes or more to obtain a kneaded mixture.

[0014] (5) Raw material molding and crushing: After the mixed material is naturally dried, it is crushed, and the crushed particle size is less than 5mm.

[0015] (6) Carbonization: Add the dried and crushed mixture into a tube furnace and introduce nitrogen into the tube furnace. The temperature range is controlled at 450℃~650℃ for carbonization, and the carbonization time is 45min~90min.

[0016] (7) Activation: A gasifying agent is introduced into the tubular furnace, and the temperature is controlled within the range of 800℃~900℃ for activation. The activation time is 90min~180min. Then, the activated carbon is obtained by naturally cooling to room temperature.

[0017] The application of activated carbon in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, with the following specific steps:

[0018] 1) The obtained activated carbon is added to the anode chamber of the microbial fuel cell system, submerging it to 80%–90% of the electrode length of the anode chamber;

[0019] 2) Introduce the wastewater to be treated into the anode chamber, completely submerging the activated carbon layer, and soak for 6 to 24 hours until the activated carbon layer is completely settled with no floating activated carbon and no obvious bubbles are generated;

[0020] 3) Add sludge granules to the anode chamber and seal it. Add nutrient solution to cultivate the sludge and restore its activity. The basic ratio of the nutrient solution is: glucose 1g / L, ammonium chloride 1g / L, phosphate buffer solution 0.2mol / L, and trace element solution 0.01g / L~0.03g / L.

[0021] 4) Using COD treatment efficiency and ammonia nitrogen treatment efficiency as indicators, the stable output water index of the fuel cell system is the sign that the battery has started up.

[0022] In step (3), the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 0.5 mol / L to 2 mol / L.

[0023] In step (6), the carbonization heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min to 20℃ / min.

[0024] In step (7), the activation heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min to 10℃ / min.

[0025] In step (7), the vaporizing agent is carbon dioxide or water vapor; the flow rate of the water vapor is 0.5 mL / (g·min) to 10.75 mL / (g·min); and the gas flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 200 mL / min to 300 mL / min.

[0026] In step 3), the trace elements are Mg, Ca and Fe.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1) In this invention, after grinding and screening low-rank coal powder, hydrochloric acid is added to wash it, and then it is mixed with coal tar, shaped and crushed. After carbonization and activation, activated carbon is obtained. Compared with activated carbon obtained by existing preparation methods, the activated carbon prepared by this invention has a rougher surface, which is conducive to the better attachment and growth of microorganisms on its surface. When used as a packing material in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, it can shorten the start-up cycle of the microbial fuel cell and improve the stability of the battery system.

[0029] 2) In this invention, the low-rank coal is first dried, and then the raw materials required for preparation are extracted by the quartering method. Drying the low-rank coal can avoid the problems of difficulty in adjusting the proportion of binder addition and difficulty in controlling the carbonization process. At the same time, it can also reduce the wear and tear on the machine during the crushing and grinding process. The quartering method is conducive to uniform material extraction.

[0030] 3) This invention uses acid washing to remove alkali metals from low-rank coal, avoiding the development of catalytic pore structure into mesopores and macropores due to excessively fast reaction rate during carbonization and activation, which would affect the micropore content of activated carbon and thus affect the subsequent growth of microorganisms.

[0031] 4) In this invention, a binder is added to the raw material after pickling, and the material is crushed after being naturally dried. This helps to obtain uniform particle size.

[0032] 5) In the carbonization process, the carbonization heating rate needs to be controlled. Such control is beneficial to obtaining a precursor with a more suitable orientation, which provides support for the subsequent activation process.

[0033] 6) During the activation process, the activation heating rate needs to be controlled. This control can prevent the temperature from rising too quickly and damaging the pore structure of the activated carbon, thereby obtaining activated carbon with a pore structure that is beneficial to the growth of microorganisms. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 These are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the activated carbon prepared by the present invention and the activated carbon prepared by existing methods.

[0036] In the figure: (a) - activated carbon prepared by the present invention, (b) - activated carbon prepared by existing methods;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the COD treatment efficiency of activated carbon prepared by the present invention and activated carbon prepared by existing methods.

[0038] Figure 3This is a graph showing the ammonia nitrogen treatment efficiency of activated carbon prepared by the present invention and activated carbon prepared by existing methods; Detailed Implementation

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0040] See Figure 1 As shown, the present invention relates to a method for preparing activated carbon, which involves grinding and sieving low-rank coal, washing it with hydrochloric acid, mixing it with coal tar, molding and crushing it, and then carbonizing and activating it to obtain activated carbon.

[0041] The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0042] (1) Raw material processing: After collecting low-rank coal, it is laid flat to dry. During the process, the coal sample mass is weighed every 12 to 24 hours. The drying is ended when the mass reaches a constant weight. The raw materials required for preparation are taken out by the quartering method. Sun drying of coal samples can avoid the problems of difficulty in adjusting the proportion of binder addition and difficulty in controlling the carbonization process. At the same time, it can also reduce the wear and tear on the machine during the crushing and grinding process. The quartering method is conducive to uniform material collection.

[0043] (2) Crushing and screening: The raw materials are crushed and ground to below 200 mesh, and the yield is controlled at 95% to 98%.

[0044] (3) Acid washing: The crushed and ground raw material is placed in a hydrochloric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL to 0.05 g / mL. The mixture is stirred and washed at 35℃ to 60℃ for 6 to 12 hours, then washed with water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral. The purpose of acid washing is to remove alkali metals from low-rank coal, preventing the reaction rate from accelerating during carbonization and activation, avoiding the development of the catalytic pore structure towards meso- and macropores, which would affect the micropore content of activated carbon and consequently impact subsequent microbial growth. The concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.5 mol / L to 2 mol / L. Too high a concentration increases preparation costs, while too low a concentration leads to incomplete removal of alkali metals, affecting the quality of the activated carbon. The temperature during acid washing should be controlled at 35℃ to 60℃, and the time at 6 to 12 hours. Too high a temperature or too long a time will damage the structure of the raw material, affecting the quality of the activated carbon prepared later; too low a temperature or too short a time will result in low acid washing efficiency.

[0045] (4) Adding binder: Coal tar is added as a binder at a mass fraction of 5% to 30%. Adding too much will affect the development of the pore structure of the activated carbon in the later stage, while adding too little will be detrimental to the molding process. After acid washing, the raw material and binder are kneaded in a mixer for 30 minutes or more to obtain a well mixed material. If the kneading time is too short, it will lead to uneven mixing of the raw material and the binder.

[0046] (5) Raw material molding and crushing: After the mixed material is naturally dried, it is crushed with a particle size of less than 5 mm. After the raw material is pickled and a binder is added, it is difficult to crush it evenly due to the increased ductility. Therefore, it needs to be naturally dried for 24 hours or even longer before crushing with a particle size of less than 5 mm. This particle size range is the common particle size of activated carbon used in water treatment and is suitable for use in the anode chamber of microbial fuel cells.

[0047] (6) Carbonization: The dried and crushed mixture is added to a tube furnace and nitrogen is introduced into the tube furnace. The temperature is controlled at 450℃~650℃ for carbonization, the carbonization time is 45min~90min, and the carbonization heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min~20℃ / min, which is conducive to obtaining high-performance activated carbon.

[0048] (7) Activation: A gasifying agent is introduced into the tubular furnace, and activation is carried out at a temperature range of 800℃~900℃ for 90min~180min. The activated carbon is then naturally cooled to room temperature. The gasifying agent can be carbon dioxide or water vapor. If water vapor is used, its flow rate is 0.5mL / (g·min)~10.75mL / (g·min). Too low a flow rate will result in incomplete development of the activated carbon's pore structure, while too high a flow rate will lead to over-burning. The activation heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min~10℃ / min. This setting avoids excessively rapid temperature rise that could damage the activated carbon's pore structure, thus obtaining activated carbon with a pore structure beneficial to microbial growth. The temperature range is controlled at 800℃~900℃, and the activation time is controlled at 90min~180min. Within this range, a relatively ideal pore structure development can be obtained. If the gasifying agent is carbon dioxide, its gas flow rate is 200mL / min~300mL / min.

[0049] The application of activated carbon in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, with the following specific steps:

[0050] 1) The obtained activated carbon is added to the anode chamber of the microbial fuel cell system, submerging it to 80%–90% of the electrode length of the anode chamber;

[0051] 2) Introduce the wastewater to be treated into the anode chamber, completely submerging the activated carbon layer, and soak for 6 to 24 hours until the activated carbon layer is completely settled with no floating activated carbon and no obvious bubbles are generated;

[0052] 3) Add sludge granules to the anode chamber and seal it. Add nutrient solution to cultivate the sludge and restore its activity. The basic nutrient solution ratio is: glucose 1g / L, ammonium chloride 1g / L, phosphate buffer solution 0.2mol / L, and trace element solution 0.01g / L~0.03g / L. Among them, the trace elements are Mg, Ca and Fe.

[0053] 4) Using COD treatment efficiency and ammonia nitrogen treatment efficiency as indicators, the stable output water index of the fuel cell system is the sign that the battery has started up.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] After collection, low-rank coal was laid out and dried to constant weight. The required raw materials were then extracted using a quartering method. The raw materials were crushed and ground to below 200 mesh, yielding 95%. Acid washing was performed at 40℃ for 6 hours using a 0.5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL, followed by washing with water until the pH of the washing solution was neutral. After acid washing, 10% coal tar was added, and the mixture was kneaded in a stirrer for 30 minutes. After the kneaded material was naturally dried, it was crushed to a particle size of 3 mm–5 mm. The dried and crushed mixture was added to a tubular furnace, and nitrogen gas was introduced. The temperature was increased to 550℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min for carbonization, with the carbonization time controlled at 60 minutes. After carbonization, steam gasifier was introduced into the tubular furnace at a flow rate of 0.7 mL / (g·min), and the temperature was increased to 850℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min for activation. After activation for 2 hours, the activated carbon product is obtained by naturally cooling to room temperature. The specific surface area of ​​this activated carbon is 892 m². 2 The adsorption value of this product is 801.28 mg / g for iodine and 165.35 mg / g for methylene blue. When used in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, the battery start-up cycle was 28 days, with a COD removal rate of 75.35% and an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 80.73%.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] After collection, low-rank coal was laid out and dried to constant weight. The required raw materials were then extracted using a quartering method. The raw materials were crushed and ground to below 200 mesh, with a yield of 98%. Acid washing was performed at 60℃ for 10 hours using a 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL, followed by washing with water until the pH of the washing solution was neutral. After acid washing, 15% coal tar was added, and the mixture was kneaded in a stirrer for 30 minutes. After the kneaded material was naturally dried, it was crushed to a particle size of 3 mm–5 mm. The dried and crushed kneaded material was then added to a tubular furnace, and nitrogen gas was introduced into the furnace. The temperature was increased to 550℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min for carbonization, with the carbonization time controlled at 60 minutes. After carbonization, steam was introduced into a tubular furnace at a flow rate of 0.7 mL / (g·min) to activate the activated carbon. The temperature was increased to 900℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min. After activation for 2.5 hours, the activated carbon was naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the activated carbon product. This activated carbon has a specific surface area of ​​1135 m² / g, an iodine adsorption value of 1191.26 mg / g, and a methylene blue adsorption value of 235.15 mg / g. When this product was used in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, the battery start-up cycle was 23 days, with a COD removal rate of 80.72% and an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 85.73%.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] After collection, low-rank coal was spread out and dried to constant weight. The required raw materials were then extracted using a quartering method. The raw materials were crushed and ground to below 200 mesh, yielding 95%. Acid washing was performed at 40℃ for 6 hours using a 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL, followed by washing with water until the pH of the washing solution was neutral. After acid washing, 10% coal tar was added, and the mixture was kneaded in a stirrer for 30 minutes. After the kneaded material was naturally dried, it was crushed to a particle size of 3 mm–5 mm. The dried and crushed mixture was added to a tubular furnace, and nitrogen gas was introduced. The temperature was increased to 550℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min for carbonization, with the carbonization time controlled at 60 minutes. After carbonization, carbon dioxide was introduced into the tubular furnace at a flow rate of 300 mL / min, and the temperature was increased to 850℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min for activation. After activation for 2 hours, the activated carbon product was obtained by naturally cooling to room temperature. This activated carbon had a specific surface area of ​​835.48 m² / g, an iodine adsorption value of 738.12 mg / g, and a methylene blue adsorption value of 185.42 mg / g. When this product was used in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, the battery start-up cycle was 28 days, with a COD removal rate of 72.68% and an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 78.32%.

[0060] Example 4:

[0061] After collection, low-rank coal was laid out and dried to constant weight. The required raw materials were then extracted using a quartering method. The raw materials were crushed and ground to below 200 mesh, with a yield of 97%. Acid washing was performed at 60℃ for 10 hours using a 0.5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL, followed by washing with water until the pH of the washing solution was neutral. After acid washing, 15% coal tar was added, and the mixture was kneaded in a stirrer for 30 minutes. After the kneaded material was naturally dried, it was crushed to a particle size of 3 mm–5 mm. The dried and crushed mixture was added to a tubular furnace, and nitrogen gas was introduced into the furnace. The temperature was increased to 550℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min for carbonization, with the carbonization time controlled at 60 minutes. After carbonization, carbon dioxide was introduced into the tubular furnace at a flow rate of 300 mL / min, and the temperature was increased to 900℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min for activation. After activation for 2.5 hours, the activated carbon product was obtained by naturally cooling to room temperature. This activated carbon has a specific surface area of ​​1032 m² / g, an iodine adsorption value of 1041.38 mg / g, and a methylene blue adsorption value of 201.15 mg / g. When used in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, the battery start-up cycle was 24 days, with a COD removal rate of 80.71% and an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 83.55%.

[0062] Figures 1 to 3 This compares the activated carbon prepared in Example 2 with activated carbon prepared by existing methods. Figure 1 It can be seen that the activated carbon prepared by this invention has a rougher surface, which is conducive to the better attachment and growth of microorganisms on its surface. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the activated carbon prepared by the present invention has a higher COD removal rate and ammonia nitrogen removal rate when applied to the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell than the activated carbon prepared by existing methods, that is, the wastewater treatment effect is better. In addition, the start-up cycle of the microbial fuel cell prepared by the present invention is significantly shortened to 23 days (the start-up cycle of activated carbon obtained by existing preparation methods is generally about 45 days).

[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. In addition, various different embodiments of the present invention can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, and should also be considered as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of activated carbon in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell, characterized in that, The specific application steps are as follows: 1) The obtained activated carbon is added to the anode chamber of the microbial fuel cell system, submerging it to 80%~90% of the electrode length of the anode chamber; 2) Introduce the wastewater to be treated into the anode chamber, completely submerging the activated carbon layer, and soak for 6 h to 24 h until the activated carbon layer is completely settled with no floating activated carbon and no obvious bubbles are generated; 3) Add sludge granules to the anode chamber and seal it. Add nutrient solution to cultivate the sludge and restore its activity. The basic ratio of the nutrient solution is: glucose 1 g / L, ammonium chloride 1 g / L, phosphate buffer solution 0.2 mol / L, and trace element solution 0.01 g / L~0.03 g / L. 4) Using COD treatment efficiency and ammonia nitrogen treatment efficiency as indicators, the stability of the effluent indicators of the fuel cell system is the sign that the battery has started up successfully. In step 3), the trace elements are Mg, Ca, and Fe; The method for preparing the activated carbon is as follows: after grinding and sieving low-rank coal powder, hydrochloric acid is added to wash it, and then it is mixed with coal tar, shaped and crushed. After carbonization and activation, activated carbon is obtained. The specific preparation method is as follows: (1) Raw material processing: After collecting low-rank coal, it is laid flat to dry. During the process, the coal sample mass is weighed every 12 h to 24 h. The drying end is marked by constant mass. The raw materials required for preparation are taken out by the quartering method. (2) Crushing and screening: The raw materials are crushed and ground to below 200 mesh, and the yield is controlled at 95%~98%; (3) Pickling: Place the crushed and ground raw material in hydrochloric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL to 0.05 g / mL, and stir and wash at 35℃ to 60℃ for 6 h to 12 h. Then wash with water until the pH of the washing solution is neutral. (4) Adding binder: Coal tar is added as a binder at a mass fraction of 5% to 30%. The mixture is kneaded in a mixer for 30 minutes or more to obtain a kneaded mixture. (5) Raw material molding and crushing: After the mixed material is naturally dried, it is crushed with a particle size of less than 5 mm; (6) Carbonization: Add the dried and crushed mixture into the tube furnace and introduce nitrogen into the tube furnace. The temperature range is controlled at 450℃~550℃ for carbonization, and the carbonization time is 45min~60min. (7) Activation: A gasifying agent is introduced into the tubular furnace, and the temperature is controlled at 800℃~900℃ for activation. The activation time is 90 min~150 min. Then, the activated carbon is obtained by naturally cooling to room temperature. In step (3), the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 0.5 mol / L to 2 mol / L.

2. The application of activated carbon in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (6), the carbonization heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min to 20℃ / min.

3. The application of activated carbon in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (7), the activation heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min to 10℃ / min.

4. The application of activated carbon in the anode chamber of a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (7), the gasifying agent is carbon dioxide or water vapor, the flow rate of the water vapor is 0.5 mL / (g·min) to 10.75 mL / (g·min), and the gas flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 200 mL / min to 300 mL / min.

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