Display device

Abstract

A display device includes a substrate, a first light emitting unit, and a first lens. The first light emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and is configured to emit a first light beam. The first lens is disposed on the first light emitting unit and is configured to receive at least a portion of the first light beam. In a cross-sectional view of the display device, the first light emitting unit has a first width W1, the first lens has a second width W2, the first lens has a height L, the first lens has a radius of curvature R, a distance between the first lens and the first light emitting unit is T, and the display device satisfies: 0.1 μm ≦ (W2-W1) / 2 ≦ 30 μm; and R ≧ L.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an electronic device, and more particularly to a display device. Background Technology

[0002] In display devices, some light beams are reflected, refracted, or absorbed within the device and cannot be output. Therefore, improving the light extraction efficiency of display devices has become one of the key research and development focuses of display technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a display device with good light extraction efficiency.

[0004] According to an embodiment disclosed herein, a display device includes a substrate, a first light-emitting unit, and a first lens. The first light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and is used to emit a first light beam. The first lens is disposed on the first light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the first light beam. In a cross-sectional view of the display device, the first light-emitting unit has a first width W1, the first lens has a second width W2, the first lens has a height L, the first lens has a radius of curvature R, the distance between the first lens and the first light-emitting unit is T, and the display device satisfies:

[0005] 0.1μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦30μm; and R≧L.

[0006] According to an embodiment disclosed herein, the display device includes a substrate, a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, a third light-emitting unit, a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens. The first light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and is used to emit a blue light beam. The second light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and adjacent to the first light-emitting unit. The second light-emitting unit is used to emit a green light beam. The third light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and adjacent to the second light-emitting unit. The third light-emitting unit is used to emit a red light beam. The first lens is disposed on the first light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the blue light beam. The second lens is disposed on the second light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the green light beam. The third lens is disposed on the third light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the red light beam. The distance between the first lens and the third lens is greater than the distance between the first lens and the second lens.

[0007] To make the above-mentioned features and advantages disclosed herein more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 8 to 11 These are partial cross-sectional schematic diagrams of display devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0009] Figures 3 to 7 These are partial top views of display devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0010] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same element references are used in the drawings and description to denote the same or similar parts.

[0011] Throughout this specification and the appended claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that electronic device manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same elements. This document is not intended to distinguish between elements that have the same function but different names. In the following specification and claims, words such as "containing" and "comprising" are open-ended terms and should therefore be interpreted as "containing but not limited to...".

[0012] The directional terms used herein, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are for reference only when referring to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are illustrative and not intended to limit this disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, each figure illustrates general features of the methods, structures, and / or materials used in specific embodiments. However, these figures should not be construed as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by these embodiments. For example, for clarity, the relative dimensions, thicknesses, and locations of various films, regions, and / or structures may be reduced or enlarged.

[0013] In this disclosure, a structure (or layer, element, substrate) located on / above another structure (or layer, element, substrate) can refer to the two structures being adjacent and directly connected, or to the two structures being adjacent but not directly connected. Indirect connection means that there is at least one intermediate structure (or intermediate layer, intermediate element, intermediate substrate, intermediate spacer) between the two structures, with the lower surface of one structure adjacent to or directly connected to the upper surface of the intermediate structure, and the upper surface of the other structure adjacent to or directly connected to the lower surface of the intermediate structure. The intermediate structure can be composed of a single or multiple solid or non-solid structures, without limitation. In this disclosure, when a structure is placed "on" other structures, it may mean that the structure is "directly" on other structures, or that the structure is "indirectly" on other structures, meaning that at least one structure is sandwiched between the structure and other structures.

[0014] The terms “approximately,” “equal to,” “same,” “substantially,” or “roughly” are generally interpreted as being within 20% of a given value or range, or as being within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of a given value or range.

[0015] The ordinal numbers used in the specification and claims, such as "first," "second," etc., to modify elements, do not in themselves imply or represent any prior ordinal number of that element (or those elements), nor do they represent the order of one element with another, or the order of manufacturing processes. The use of these ordinal numbers is solely to clearly distinguish one named element from another element with the same name. The claims and specification may not use the same terminology; therefore, a first element in the specification may be a second element in the claims.

[0016] The electrical connections or couplings described in this disclosure can refer to direct or indirect connections. In the case of a direct connection, the endpoints of the components in two circuits are directly connected or connected to each other by a conductor segment. In the case of an indirect connection, there is a switch, diode, capacitor, inductor, resistor, other suitable components, or combinations of the above components between the endpoints of the components in two circuits, but not limited to these.

[0017] In this disclosure, the thickness, length, and width can be measured using an optical microscope (OM), while thickness or width can be measured from cross-sectional images in an electron microscope, but is not limited to these methods. Furthermore, any two values ​​or directions used for comparison may have a certain degree of error. Additionally, the terms "equal to," "equivalent to," "identical," "substantially," or "approximately" used in this disclosure generally mean falling within 10% of a given value or range. Moreover, the terms "given range is from a first value to a second value" or "given range falls within the range of the first value to the second value" indicate that the given range includes the first value, the second value, and other values ​​in between. If the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions can be between 80 and 100 degrees; if the first direction is parallel to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions can be between 0 and 10 degrees.

[0018] It should be understood that the features in the following embodiments can be replaced, recombined, or mixed to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. Features between embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and combined as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with it.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It is understood that these terms, for example, as defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant art and the background or context of this disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner, unless specifically defined in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0020] In this disclosure, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a display device, a backlight device, an antenna device, a sensing device, or a splicing device. The electronic device may be a bendable or flexible electronic device. The display device may be a non-emissive display device or a self-emissive display device. The antenna device may be a liquid crystal type antenna device or a non-liquid crystal type antenna device. The sensing device may be a sensing device that senses capacitance, light, heat, or ultrasound, but is not limited to these. In this disclosure, the electronic device may include electronic components, which may include passive and active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, transistors, etc. Diodes may include light-emitting diodes or photodiodes. The splicing device may be, for example, a display splicing device or an antenna splicing device, but is not limited to these. It should be noted that the electronic device may be any arrangement or combination of the foregoing, but is not limited to these. The following description uses a display device as an example of an electronic device or splicing device to illustrate the content of this disclosure, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0021] It should be noted that the technical solutions provided in the different embodiments below can be substituted for, combined or mixed with each other to constitute another embodiment without violating the spirit of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 8 to 11 These are partial cross-sectional schematic diagrams of display devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Figures 3 to 7 These are partial top views of display devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 or Figure 2 The display device 1 or display device 1A may include a substrate 10, a first light-emitting unit 11, and a first lens 12, but is not limited thereto. Depending on different requirements, the display device 1 or display device 1A may also include other components or film layers. For example, the display device 1 or display device 1A may also include a pixel definition layer PDL, an insulating layer IN, and a filling layer FN, but is not limited thereto.

[0024] The substrate 10 can be a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, or a bendable substrate. The material of the substrate 10 includes, for example, glass, quartz, ceramic, sapphire, or plastic, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the substrate 10 can be a bendable substrate, and the material of the substrate 10 may include polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), other suitable flexible materials, or combinations of the foregoing materials, but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, the light transmittance of the substrate 10 is not limited; that is, the substrate 10 can be a transparent substrate, a semi-transparent substrate, or an opaque substrate.

[0025] A pixel definition layer (PDL) is disposed on the substrate 10. The PDL may be formed of an organic material, such as a light-transmitting polymer or an opaque polymer. The light-transmitting polymer may include a transparent resin. The opaque polymer may include, but is not limited to, black resin, white resin (such as a resin with added titanium dioxide particles), or gray resin. The PDL may have an opening A13 exposing the substrate 10.

[0026] The first light-emitting unit 11 is disposed on the substrate 10 and, for example, in the opening A13. The first light-emitting unit 11 is used to emit a first light beam L1. The first light-emitting unit 11 may include any type of light-emitting element, such as a light-emitting diode (LED), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a micro LED or mini LED, or a quantum dot LED (QLED or QD-LED), but is not limited thereto. The first light beam L1 emitted by the first light-emitting unit 11 may be blue light, green light, red light, other colors of visible light, or invisible light.

[0027] An insulating layer IN is disposed on the pixel definition layer PDL and covers the first light-emitting unit 11. The material of the insulating layer IN may include inorganic materials, organic materials, or combinations thereof. For example, the insulating layer IN may include a single inorganic insulating layer, a stack of multiple inorganic insulating layers, a single organic insulating layer, a stack of multiple organic insulating layers, or a stack of at least one inorganic insulating layer and at least one organic insulating layer. Inorganic materials may include, but are not limited to, silicon oxide (SiOx) or silicon nitride (SiNx). Organic materials may include, but are not limited to, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), epoxy resin, acylic-based resin, silicone, or polyimide polymer.

[0028] The first lens 12 is disposed on the first light-emitting unit 11, and for example, on the insulating layer IN. The first lens 12 may at least partially overlap the first light-emitting unit 11 in the top view direction (e.g., direction D1) of the display device 1. In other embodiments, the first lens 12 may be directly disposed on the first light-emitting unit 11.

[0029] The first lens 12 is used to receive at least a portion of the first light beam L1. The first lens 12 is an optical element capable of changing the travel path of the light beam. Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the first lens 12 may include a hemispherical condenser lens. Hemispherical generally refers to a non-perfect sphere, but is not limited to half of a sphere. The material of the first lens may include, but is not limited to, polymeric materials such as acrylic-based polymers, siloxane-based polymers, or epoxy-based polymers.

[0030] A filler layer FN is disposed on the insulating layer IN and covers the first lens 12. The material of the filler layer FN may include, but is not limited to, polymeric materials such as acrylic polymers, siloxane polymers, or epoxy polymers. The material of the filler layer FN may be the same as or different from the material of the first lens 12. If the filler layer FN and the first lens 12 are made of the same material, the refractive indices of the filler layer FN and the first lens 12 may be different by adjusting the process parameters.

[0031] If the refractive index of the first lens 12 is n1, the refractive index of the filling layer FN is n2, and the refractive index of the insulating layer IN is n3, when n1>n2 and n1>n3, it helps to reduce the proportion of the first beam L1 that cannot be output from the display device 1 or the display device 1A, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency. In other words, the first beam L1 emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 can change its path direction through the first lens 12 and travel as far as possible towards the normal direction of the substrate 10, thereby increasing the brightness.

[0032] In the cross-sectional view of the display device 1 or the display device 1A, the first light-emitting unit 11 has a first width W1, the first lens 12 has a second width W2, the first lens 12 has a height L, the first lens 12 has a radius of curvature R, and the distance between the first lens 12 and the first light-emitting unit 11 is T. The distance between the edge of the first light-emitting unit 11 and the edge of the first lens 12 is d.

[0033] The aforementioned cross-sectional view of the display device 1 or the display device 1A is a cross-section passing through the center of the first lens 12 and where the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting unit 11 has the maximum width. The aforementioned first width W1 is defined as the width of the light-emitting region in the light-emitting element on the aforementioned cross-section. Taking an organic light-emitting diode as an example, as Figure 1 or Figure 2 shown, the first width W1 is the bottom width of the opening A13 of the pixel definition layer PDL. Taking a light-emitting diode as an example, although not shown in the drawings, the first width W1 is the width of the multiple quantum well layer. The aforementioned second width W2 is defined as the bottom width of the first lens 12 on the aforementioned cross-section. The aforementioned height L is defined as the maximum height of the first lens 12 on the aforementioned cross-section. The aforementioned radius of curvature R is defined as the radius of curvature of the contour of the first lens 12 on the aforementioned cross-section. The aforementioned distance T is defined as the minimum distance between the first lens 12 and the bottom of the first light-emitting unit 11 in the normal direction of the substrate 10 (the direction parallel to the direction D1) on the aforementioned cross-section. Taking the first light-emitting unit 11 as an organic light-emitting diode for example, the bottom of the first light-emitting unit 11 is the bottom of the light-emitting layer, that is, the position where the light-emitting layer contacts the anode. The aforementioned distance d is the minimum distance between the edge of the first light-emitting unit 11 and the edge of the first lens 12 in a direction perpendicular to the normal direction of the substrate 10 (such as the direction D2) on the aforementioned cross-section, and d=(W2-W1) / 2.

[0034] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, with the design of R≧L, the large-angle first light beam L1 emitted from the first light-emitting unit 11 can be refracted by and exit from the first lens 12, thereby helping to improve the light extraction efficiency or luminous brightness. In some embodiments, if 0<L≦0.75R is satisfied, the light extraction efficiency can be further improved. In addition, when R=L (see Figure 1 ), the first lens 12 can also converge the large-angle first light beam emitted from the first light-emitting unit 11 to the center, which helps to further improve the front viewing angle brightness. Conversely, if R<L, in addition to the reduction of the coverage area of the first lens 12, the large-angle first light beam is prone to total internal reflection (TIR) inside the first lens 12 and cannot exit from the first lens 12.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the design that the second width W2 is greater than the first width W1 helps the first lens 12 to receive a majority of the first light beam L1 emitted from the first light-emitting unit 11. For example, 0.1μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦30μm, that is, 0.1μm≦d≦30μm. In some embodiments, such as when the display device has a low to medium resolution of 400ppi or less, the display device can satisfy 0.5μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦15μm to further improve light extraction efficiency. In other embodiments, such as when the display device has a high resolution of 500ppi or more, the display device can satisfy 0.5μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦9.5μm to further improve light extraction efficiency.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 , N=RL, tanθ2=N / (W2 / 2)=2*N / W2. Assume θ1+θ2=θ, and tanθ=T / d. Since tanθ=tan(θ1+θ2)=(tanθ1+tanθ2) / (1-tanθ1*tanθ2), T / d=(tanθ1+tanθ2) / (1-tanθ1*tanθ2)=(tanθ1+2*N / W2) / (1-tanθ1*2*N / W2). Since the second width W2 is greater than the first width W1, θ1≦89°, that is, tanθ1≦tan89°, so tanθ1≦57.29. Substituting this into T / d=(tanθ1+tanθ2) / (1-tanθ1*tanθ2)=(tanθ1+2*N / W2) / (1-tanθ1*2*N / W2), we can obtain the following formula. When the display device satisfies the following formula, in addition to allowing the first beam L1 to enter the first lens 12, it can reduce the probability that the first beam L1 cannot exit the first lens 12 due to total internal reflection, which helps to improve the light extraction efficiency.

[0037] Right now

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3 The display device 1B may include a substrate 10, a first light-emitting unit 11, a second light-emitting unit 13, a third light-emitting unit 15, a first lens 12, a second lens 14, and a third lens 16. The first light-emitting unit 11 is disposed on the substrate 10 and is used, for example, to emit a blue light beam LB (not shown). Figure 3 Please refer to Figure 10 The second light-emitting unit 13 is disposed on the substrate 10 and adjacent to the first light-emitting unit 11. The second light-emitting unit 13 is used, for example, to emit a green light beam LG (not shown). Figure 3Please refer to Figure 10 The third light-emitting unit 15 is disposed on the substrate 10 and adjacent to the second light-emitting unit 13. The third light-emitting unit 15 is used, for example, to emit a red light beam LR (not shown). Figure 3 Please refer to Figure 10 A first lens 12 is disposed on a first light-emitting unit 11 and is used to receive at least a portion of a blue light beam. A second lens 14 is disposed on a second light-emitting unit 13 and is used to receive at least a portion of a green light beam. A third lens 16 is disposed on a third light-emitting unit 15 and is used to receive at least a portion of a red light beam.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the first lens 12, the second lens 14 and the third lens 16 are respectively disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13 and the third light-emitting unit 15, that is, the first lens 12, the second lens 14 and the third lens 16 respectively overlap the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13 and the third light-emitting unit 15 at least partially in the top view direction (such as direction D1) of the display device 1B.

[0040] In some embodiments, any one, any two, or any three of the following combinations may be used: the combination of the first light-emitting unit 11 and the first lens 12, the combination of the second light-emitting unit 13 and the second lens 14, and the combination of the third light-emitting unit 15 and the third lens 16. Figure 1 or Figure 2 Any design described (e.g., refractive index limitation, range of d, range of R≧L or T / d, etc.) is intended to improve light extraction efficiency, but is not limited thereto.

[0041] It should also be understood that, although Figure 3 Only one first light-emitting unit 11, one second light-emitting unit 13, one third light-emitting unit 15, one first lens 12, one second lens 14, and one third lens 16 are schematically shown, but the display device 1B may include multiple of the above-mentioned elements. For example, multiple first light-emitting units 11 and multiple third light-emitting units 15 may be arranged alternately in directions D4 and D5, and multiple second light-emitting units 13 may be arranged in directions D4 and D5, and the multiple second light-emitting units 13 may be staggered with the multiple first light-emitting units 11 and multiple third light-emitting units 15, that is, the second light-emitting units 13 are not aligned with the first light-emitting units 11 and the third light-emitting units 15 in directions D4 and D5. In this architecture, the distance dBR between the first lens 12 and the third lens 16 is, for example, greater than the distance dBG between the first lens 12 and the second lens 14, and the distance dBR between the first lens 12 and the third lens 16 is, for example, greater than the distance dGR between the second lens 14 and the third lens 16. The distance between two lenses (e.g., distance dBR, distance dBG, distance dGR) refers to the minimum distance between the two lenses. Figure 8 As shown, the distance dBR is the minimum distance between the first lens 12 and the third lens 16 on the aforementioned cross-section; as Figure 9 As shown, the distance dBG is the minimum distance between the first lens 12 and the second lens 14 on the aforementioned cross-section. In some embodiments, the distance dBG and / or the distance dGR may be greater than or equal to 0. Furthermore, the number and arrangement of the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 can be changed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15. This arrangement design helps to reduce the required number of pixels while achieving high resolution, or helps to improve visual brightness or reduce manufacturing costs.

[0042] In other embodiments, although not shown, the second light-emitting unit 13 may be aligned with the first light-emitting unit 11 and the third light-emitting unit 15 in direction D4 (or direction D5), and the second light-emitting unit 13 may not be aligned with the first light-emitting unit 11 and the third light-emitting unit 15 in direction D5 (or direction D4).

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the top view shapes of the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15 can be polygonal (e.g., octagonal), and the top view shapes of the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 can be circular, but are not limited thereto. For example, in other embodiments, the top view shapes of the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15 can also be circular (e.g., octagonal). Figure 4 (as shown) or other polygons.

[0044] When the top view shape of the light-emitting unit is polygonal and the top view shape of the lens is circular, each light-emitting unit and its corresponding lens can have multiple different distances d (the distance between the edge of the light-emitting unit and the edge of the lens). For example, the first light-emitting unit 11 and the first lens 12 can have distances dB1 and dB2, where distance dB1 is greater than distance dB2; the second light-emitting unit 13 and the second lens 14 can have distances dG1 and dG2, where distance dG1 is greater than distance dG2; the third light-emitting unit 15 and the third lens 16 can have distances dR1 and dR2, where distance dR1 is greater than distance dR2.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the areas of the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15 may be different. For example, the area of ​​the first light-emitting unit 11 may be larger than the area of ​​the third light-emitting unit 15, and the area of ​​the third light-emitting unit 15 may be larger than the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit 13, but this is not a limitation. For example, in other embodiments, at least two of the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15 may have the same area.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the areas of the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 may be the same, but this is not a limitation. For example, in other embodiments, at least two of the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 may have different areas.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 4 Display device 1C and Figure 3 The main differences in display device 1B are described below. In display device 1C, the top-view shapes of the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, the third light-emitting unit 15, the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 are all, for example, circular, and each light-emitting unit has a distance d (the distance between the edge of the light-emitting unit and the edge of the lens) between it and the corresponding lens, where the distance dB1 is equal to the distances dG1 and dR1, to improve the uniformity of light mixing. Furthermore, the area of ​​the first lens 12 is larger than the area of ​​the third lens 16, and the area of ​​the third lens 16 is larger than the area of ​​the second lens 14.

[0048] In other embodiments, although not shown, the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 may have the same area to improve manufacturing convenience. In this architecture, the area of ​​the first light-emitting unit 11 may be larger than the area of ​​the third light-emitting unit 15, and the area of ​​the third light-emitting unit 15 may be larger than the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit 13, such that distance dB1 is less than distance dR1, and distance dR1 is less than distance dG1.

[0049] Furthermore, when the first light-emitting unit 11 and the first lens 12 do not overlap at the center point, there may be multiple different distances d (the distance between the edge of the light-emitting unit and the edge of the lens) between the first light-emitting unit 11 and the first lens 12. For example, the distance between the first light-emitting unit 11 and the first lens 12 may have a distance dB1 and a distance dB2, wherein the distance dB1 is different from the distance dB2.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 5 Display device 1D and Figure 4The main differences in display device 1C are described below. In display device 1D, the area of ​​the second light-emitting unit 13 is smaller than the area of ​​the third light-emitting unit 15, and the area of ​​the third light-emitting unit 15 is smaller than the area of ​​the first light-emitting unit 11; furthermore, the area of ​​the second lens 14 is larger than the area of ​​the third lens 16, and the area of ​​the third lens 16 is larger than the area of ​​the first lens 12, such that distance dG1 is greater than distance dR1, and distance dR1 is greater than distance dB1. Under this architecture, the extraction rate of green light can be improved.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 6 Display device 1E and Figure 4 The main differences of the display device 1C are described below. In the display device 1E, not only is the distance dB1 equal to the distance dG1 and the distance dR1, but the first lens 12, the second lens 14 and the third lens 16 also have the same area, and the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13 and the third light-emitting unit 15 also have the same area, in order to improve manufacturing convenience.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 7 Display device 1F and Figure 4 The main differences of the display device 1C are described below. In the display device 1F, the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15 have the same area, while the area of ​​the second lens 14 is larger than the area of ​​the third lens 16, and the area of ​​the third lens 16 is larger than the area of ​​the first lens 12, such that the distance dB1 is less than the distance dR1, and the distance dR1 is less than the distance dG1.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 8 or Figure 9 The display device 1G includes, for example, a substrate 10, buffer layers BF1 and BF2, a semiconductor layer CHL, a gate insulating layer GI, a conductive layer CL1, a dielectric layer ILD1 and ILD2, a conductive layer CL2, a passivation layer PAS, a conductive layer CL3, a planarization layer PLN, a conductive layer CL4, a pixel definition layer PDL, a first light-emitting unit 11, a second light-emitting unit 13, a third light-emitting unit 15, a conductive layer CL5, an insulating layer IN, a first lens 12, a second lens 14, a third lens 16, a fill layer FN, a conductive layer CL6, an insulating layer IN', a light-shielding layer BM, a color filter layer CFR, a color filter layer CFG, a color filter layer CFB, and a fill layer FN', but is not limited thereto. Depending on different requirements, the display device 1G may add or remove one or more elements or film layers.

[0054] Buffer layers BF1 and BF2 are sequentially disposed on substrate 10. For example, the materials of buffer layers BF1 and BF2 may include inorganic materials, such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride, but are not limited thereto.

[0055] A semiconductor layer CHL is disposed on the buffer layer BF2. For example, the material of the semiconductor layer CHL includes oxide semiconductor materials, such as indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the material of the semiconductor layer 18 may include amorphous silicon, polysilicon, metal oxide, or combinations thereof. The semiconductor layer CHL is, for example, a patterned semiconductor layer and may include multiple semiconductor patterns CHP. The semiconductor pattern CHP may include a channel region R1, a source region R2, and a drain region R3, wherein the channel region R1 is located between the source region R2 and the drain region R3.

[0056] A gate insulating layer GI is disposed on the semiconductor layer CHL and covers the buffer layer BF2 exposed by the semiconductor layer CHL. For example, the material of the gate insulating layer GI may include inorganic materials, such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride, but is not limited thereto.

[0057] A conductive layer CL1 is disposed on the gate insulating layer GI. For example, the material of the conductive layer CL1 includes a metal or metal stack, such as aluminum, molybdenum, or titanium / aluminum / titanium. The conductive layer CL1 is, for example, a patterned conductive layer and may include multiple gates GE, multiple signal lines (not shown), etc., but is not limited thereto. The multiple gates GE are respectively disposed above multiple channel regions R1.

[0058] Dielectric layers ILD1 and ILD2 are sequentially disposed on conductive layer CL1 and cover the gate insulating layer GI exposed by conductive layer CL1. For example, the materials of dielectric layers ILD1 and ILD2 may include inorganic materials, such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, although not shown, one of dielectric layers ILD1 and ILD2 may be omitted.

[0059] A conductive layer CL2 is disposed on the dielectric layer ILD2. For example, the material of the conductive layer CL2 includes a metal or metal stack, such as aluminum, molybdenum, or titanium / aluminum / titanium. The conductive layer CL2 is, for example, a patterned conductive layer and may include multiple source electrodes SE, multiple drain electrodes DE, multiple signal lines (not shown), etc., but is not limited thereto. The source electrodes SE penetrate the dielectric layers ILD1 and ILD2 to connect with the gate insulating layer GI and are connected to the source region R2. The drain electrodes DE penetrate the dielectric layers ILD1 and ILD2 to connect with the gate insulating layer GI and are connected to the drain region R3.

[0060] Each gate Ge, together with a corresponding semiconductor pattern CHP, a corresponding source SE, and a corresponding drain DE, constitutes an active element. According to some embodiments, the active element may be, for example, a thin-film transistor. The display device 1G may include multiple active elements. The semiconductor layer CHL included in the multiple active elements may be made of the same or different materials. According to some embodiments, the multiple active elements may include active elements with amorphous silicon, active elements with polycrystalline silicon, active elements with metal oxide, or combinations thereof.

[0061] The passivation layer PAS is disposed on the conductive layer CL2 and covers the dielectric layer ILD2 exposed by the conductive layer CL2. For example, the material of the passivation layer PAS may include inorganic materials, such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride, but is not limited thereto.

[0062] A conductive layer CL3 is disposed on the passivation layer PAS. For example, the material of the conductive layer CL3 includes a metal or metal stack, such as aluminum, molybdenum, or titanium / aluminum / titanium. The conductive layer CL3 may be a patterned conductive layer and may include, but is not limited to, multiple circuits CK, etc. The circuits CK penetrate the passivation layer PAS and are connected to the drain DE.

[0063] A planarization layer PLN is disposed on the conductive layer CL3 and covers the passivation layer PAS exposed by the conductive layer CL3. For example, the material of the planarization layer PLN includes organic or polymeric materials such as polymethyl methacrylate, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone, polyimide polymer, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, although not shown, multiple planarization layers may be disposed between the conductive layer CL3 and the conductive layer CL4.

[0064] A conductive layer CL4 is disposed on the planarization layer PLN. For example, the material of the conductive layer CL4 includes a metal or metal stack, such as aluminum, molybdenum, or titanium / aluminum / titanium. The conductive layer CL4 is, for example, a patterned conductive layer and may include, but is not limited to, multiple lower electrodes BE. The lower electrodes BE penetrate the planarization layer PLN and are connected to the circuit CK.

[0065] The pixel definition layer (PDL) is disposed on the planarization layer (PLN) and covers the edge of the lower electrode (BE). The pixel definition layer (PDL) may have multiple openings (A13). The multiple openings (A13) expose multiple lower electrodes (BE).

[0066] The first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15 are respectively disposed in multiple openings A13 and cover the lower electrode BE. For a description of the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15, please refer to the foregoing, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] A conductive layer CL5 is disposed on the pixel definition layer PDL and covers the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15. For example, the material of the conductive layer CL5 includes transparent conductive materials, such as metal oxides, nano-silver, or graphene, but is not limited thereto. The conductive layer CL5 includes, for example, a top electrode TE, and the top electrode TE is, for example, a conductive layer covering the entire surface.

[0068] The insulating layer IN is disposed on the conductive layer CL5. Please refer to the preceding description of the insulating layer IN; it will not be repeated here.

[0069] The first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 are disposed on the insulating layer IN and are respectively disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting unit 11, the second light-emitting unit 13, and the third light-emitting unit 15. The relevant descriptions of the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16 are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0070] The filling layer FN is disposed on the insulating layer IN and covers the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16. A description of the filling layer FN is provided above and will not be repeated here.

[0071] A conductive layer CL6 is disposed on the filler layer FN. For example, the material of the conductive layer CL6 includes a metal or metal stack, such as aluminum, molybdenum, or titanium / aluminum / titanium. The conductive layer CL6 may be, for example, a patterned conductive layer and may include multiple touch electrodes TH, but is not limited thereto.

[0072] An insulating layer IN' is disposed on the conductive layer CL6 and covers the filling layer FN exposed by the conductive layer CL6. For example, the material of the insulating layer IN' may include inorganic materials, organic materials, or combinations thereof. Inorganic materials may include, but are not limited to, silicon oxide or silicon nitride. Organic materials may include, but are not limited to, polymethyl methacrylate, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone, polyimide polymer, or combinations thereof.

[0073] A light-shielding layer BM is disposed on the insulating layer IN'. The light-shielding layer BM may include a layer with a transmittance of less than 50% for light in the visible light band (wavelengths of 400 nm to 700 nm). For example, the material of the light-shielding layer BM may include a photoresist material with added light-absorbing particles (e.g., carbon black), but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the material of the light-shielding layer BM may include a black matrix, but is not limited thereto. The light-shielding layer BM has a plurality of openings ABM. The plurality of openings ABM overlap with the first lens 12, the second lens 14, and the third lens 16, respectively, in direction D1.

[0074] Color filter layers CFR, CFG, and CFB are respectively disposed in multiple open ABMs. The CFR is disposed on the third lens 16, the CFG on the second lens 14, and the CFB on the first lens 12. The CFR allows red light beams to pass through while filtering other colors. The CFG allows green light beams to pass through while filtering other colors. The CFB allows blue light beams to pass through while filtering other colors.

[0075] The filler layer FN' is disposed on the color filter layer CFR, the color filter layer CFG, and the color filter layer CFB, and covers the light-shielding layer BM. For example, the material of the filler layer FN' may include, but is not limited to, polymeric materials such as acrylic polymers, siloxane polymers, or epoxy polymers.

[0076] In the display device 1G, the distance dBR between the first lens 12 and the third lens 16 is, for example, greater than the distance dBG between the first lens 12 and the second lens 14. This design helps to reduce the number of pixels required while achieving a high resolution, or helps to improve visual brightness or reduce manufacturing costs.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 10 In the display device 1H, the first light-emitting unit 11 has a first width W1, the first lens 12 has a second width W2, the second light-emitting unit 13 has a third width W3, the second lens 14 has a fourth width W4, the third light-emitting unit 15 has a fifth width W5, and the third lens 16 has a sixth width W6. Each of the aforementioned widths is measured on a cross-section passing through the center of the first lens 12 and having the largest width of the light-emitting area. The width of the light-emitting unit (e.g., the first width W1, the third width W3, and the fifth width W5) is defined as the width of the light-emitting area in the light-emitting unit on the aforementioned cross-section. Taking an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) as an example, the width of the light-emitting unit is the bottom width of the opening A13 of the pixel definition layer (PDL). Taking a light-emitting diode as an example, the width of the light-emitting unit is the width of the multiple quantum well layer. The width of the lens (e.g., the second width W2, the fourth width W4, and the sixth width W6) is the bottom width of the lens on the aforementioned cross-section.

[0078] If the display device 1H satisfies: |W4-W3|>|W6-W5|>|W2-W1|, the light extraction efficiency of the green beam LG can be improved.

[0079] It should be understood that the display device 1H can be further modified according to different needs, such as Figure 8 or Figure 9 The one or more films or elements shown will not be described in detail here.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 11In the display device 1I, the first light-emitting unit 11 has a first width W1, the first lens 12 has a second width W2, and the color filter layer CFB has a seventh width W7. The seventh width W7 is the maximum width of the color filter layer CFB in the aforementioned cross-section.

[0081] If the display device 1I satisfies W7>W2>W1, the distance between the first lens 12 and the color filter layer CFB in direction D1 can be reduced, which helps to improve light extraction efficiency. It should be understood that the light-emitting unit of any of the aforementioned colors, and its corresponding lens and color filter layer, can also be changed in the same way, which will not be repeated below. Furthermore, when the color filters for red, green, and blue are all changed in the same way, the shortest distance XB between the edge of the blue filter layer (such as the color filter layer CFB) and the edge of the first lens 12 in the aforementioned cross-section can be greater than that of the red filter layer (such as the color filter layer CFB). Figure 8 The shortest distance (not shown) between the edge of the color filter layer CFR and the edge of the third lens 16 on the aforementioned cross-section, and the red filter layer (as shown) Figure 10 The shortest distance between the edge of the color filter layer CFR and the edge of the third lens 16 on the aforementioned cross-section can be greater than that of the green filter layer (e.g., Figure 9 The shortest distance (not shown) between the edge of the color filter layer CFG and the edge of the second lens 14 on the aforementioned cross-section. Alternatively, the aforementioned three shortest distances may be the same.

[0082] In the embodiments disclosed herein, the light extraction efficiency of the display device can be improved through the aforementioned conditional designs. Furthermore, by designing the distance between multiple lenses corresponding to different color light-emitting units, the required number of pixels can be reduced while achieving high resolution, or this may help improve visual brightness or reduce manufacturing costs.

[0083] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0084] While the embodiments and advantages of this disclosure have been described above, it should be understood that any person skilled in the art can make changes, substitutions, and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and features between the embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and substituted to form other new embodiments. Furthermore, the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited to the processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps described in the specific embodiments of the specification. Any person skilled in the art can understand from the content of this disclosure the current or future developed processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps, as long as they can perform substantially the same function or obtain substantially the same results in the embodiments described herein, they can be used according to this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure includes the aforementioned processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps. In addition, each claim constitutes an individual embodiment, and the scope of protection of this disclosure also includes combinations of various claims and embodiments. The scope of protection of this disclosure shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, include: substrate; A first light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and is used to emit a first light beam; as well as A first lens is disposed on the first light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the first light beam. In the cross-sectional view of the display device, the first light-emitting unit has a first width W1, the first lens has a second width W2, the first lens has a height L, the first lens has a radius of curvature R, the distance between the first lens and the first light-emitting unit is T, and the display device satisfies: ； 0.1μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦30μm; and R≧L.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also satisfies: 0.5μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦15μm.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also satisfies: 0.5μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦9.5μm.

4. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also satisfies: 0 <L≦0.75R。 5. A display device, characterized in that, include: substrate; A first light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and is used to emit a blue light beam; A second light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and adjacent to the first light-emitting unit, and the second light-emitting unit is used to emit a green light beam; A third light-emitting unit is disposed on the substrate and adjacent to the second light-emitting unit, and the third light-emitting unit is used to emit a red light beam; A first lens is disposed on the first light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the blue light beam; A second lens is disposed on the second light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the green light beam; as well as A third lens is disposed on the third light-emitting unit and is used to receive at least a portion of the red light beam. The distance between the first lens and the third lens is greater than the distance between the first lens and the second lens. In the cross-sectional view of the display device, the first light-emitting unit has a first width W1, the first lens has a second width W2, the first lens has a height L, the first lens has a radius of curvature R, the distance between the first lens and the first light-emitting unit is T, and the display device satisfies: ； 0.1μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦30μm; and R≧L.

6. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also satisfies: 0.5μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦15μm.

7. The display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also satisfies: 0.5μm≦(W2-W1) / 2≦9.5μm.

8. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also satisfies: 0 <L≦0.75R。 9. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first light-emitting unit has a first width W1, the first lens has a second width W2, the second light-emitting unit has a third width W3, the second lens has a fourth width W4, the third light-emitting unit has a fifth width W5, the third lens has a sixth width W6, and the display device satisfies: |W4-W3|>|W6-W5|>|W2-W1|.

10. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A color filter layer is disposed on the first lens, wherein the first light-emitting unit has a first width W1, the first lens has a second width W2, the color filter layer has a seventh width W7, and the display device satisfies: W7>W2>W1.

Images