Mechanism-electric coupling test apparatus and test method for impact sensitivity of energetic materials

Abstract

This invention specifically discloses a force-electric coupling testing device and method for assessing the impact sensitivity of energetic materials under force-electric coupling. The device comprises an impact sensitivity tester, which includes an impact mechanism and a sample loading assembly. The impact mechanism includes a drop hammer and an electric coupling system. The sample loading assembly includes a mounting groove with an insulating sleeve inside. An upper and lower impact post are located within the insulating sleeve, with a charging cavity between them. Both the upper and lower impact posts pass through the inner cavity of the insulating sleeve and are made of conductive materials. The electric coupling system includes a power supply, an upper conductive wire, and a lower conductive wire. This invention can measure the impact sensitivity and explosion probability of energetic material samples under different voltage conditions at a given drop height.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energetic materials safety assessment technology, specifically to a force-electric coupling test device and test method for the impact sensitivity of energetic materials. Background Technology

[0002] Energetic materials are susceptible to the effects of external temperature, pressure, and electrostatic forces during their preparation and processing. Electrostatic fields not only alter the physical, mechanical, and chemical stability of energetic materials but can also reduce their safety performance, posing a severe challenge to the safety of their preparation and processing. Under force-electric coupling conditions, there is a lack of proper understanding of the impact safety of energetic materials and a lack of suitable loading methods. Currently, research on the effect of voltage on explosive performance or sensitivity is relatively limited, making it impossible to obtain information on the impact safety of energetic materials under different electrostatic field conditions.

[0003] The safety assessment and impact sensitivity of energetic materials vary significantly depending on the test voltage. Therefore, conducting impact and force-electric coupling tests on energetic materials is crucial for studying their safety and has significant practical and economic value.

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to design a force-electric coupling test device and test method for the impact sensitivity of energetic materials. This device can be used to test the impact sensitivity and explosion probability of energetic materials under force-electric coupling, obtain impact safety data of energetic materials under different voltages, and obtain the critical ignition safety threshold and reaction energy release law of energetic materials under different production environments and process conditions under external force-electric composite stimulation. This will provide theoretical guidance and technical support for ensuring the safe production of energetic materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to test the impact sensitivity of energetic materials under force-electric coupling, this invention provides a force-electric coupling test device and test method for the impact sensitivity of energetic materials.

[0006] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0007] A force-electric coupling test device for impact sensitivity of energetic materials includes an impact sensitivity tester, which includes an impact mechanism and a sample loading assembly; the impact mechanism includes a drop hammer; and it also includes an electric coupling system.

[0008] The sample loading assembly includes a mounting groove with its opening facing the drop hammer. The inner cavity of the mounting groove is provided with an insulating sleeve that is detachably fitted therewith. The inner cavity of the insulating sleeve is provided with an upper striking post and a lower striking post located directly below the drop hammer, and a loading cavity is left between the upper striking post and the lower striking post. The upper striking post and the lower striking post are both detachably inserted into the inner cavity of the insulating sleeve, and the materials of the upper striking post and the lower striking post are both conductive materials.

[0009] The electrical coupling system includes a power source, an upper conductive wire electrically connected to the upper striking post, and a lower conductive wire electrically connected to the lower striking post; the upper conductive wire and the lower conductive wire are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power source.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the lower striking post penetrates the lower part of the insulating sleeve; insulating pads are provided between the lower striking post and the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, as well as on the upper surface of the upper striking post.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper surface of the insulating sleeve is higher than the upper end face of the mounting groove; the upper surface of the upper striking post is higher than the upper surface of the insulating sleeve, and the end of the upper conductive wire is wound around the side wall of the portion of the upper striking post that extends above the insulating sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the sidewall and bottomwall of the insulating sleeve are provided with an L-shaped mounting groove, and the upper end of the mounting groove is higher than the upper end face of the mounting groove; the middle section of the lower conductive wire is embedded in the mounting groove, and an insulating layer is provided on the outer side of the middle section of the lower conductive wire.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the lower striking post is provided with an annular bottom groove that communicates with the mounting groove; the end of the lower conductive wire is embedded in the bottom groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the insulating sleeve is an plexiglass sleeve; the upper striking post and the lower striking post are both made of steel.

[0015] Furthermore, the power supply is a regulated power supply with adjustable output voltage, and its maximum output voltage is 250V.

[0016] A force-electric coupling test method for impact sensitivity of energetic materials is disclosed, which is based on the force-electric coupling test device for impact sensitivity of energetic materials described in this invention; the test method includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: Weigh the energetic material according to the selected mass and set aside;

[0018] Step S2: Insert the lower striking post through the lower part of the insulating sleeve, and install the lower conductive wire at the bottom of the lower striking post, so that the first end of the lower conductive wire is electrically connected to the lower striking post.

[0019] Step S3: Install the insulating sleeve into the inner cavity of the mounting groove. During installation, lead the first end of the lower conductive wire out of the mounting groove and connect the first end of the lower conductive wire to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0020] Step S4: Add the energetic material weighed in step S1 to the insulating sleeve so that the energetic material is placed on the upper surface of the lower impact column;

[0021] Step S5: Install the upper striking post on the upper part of the insulating sleeve, so that the lower end face of the upper striking post is in contact with the energetic material;

[0022] Step S6: Install a conductive wire on the upper part of the upper striking post, and connect the end of the upper conductive wire to the upper striking post; then, connect the first end of the upper conductive wire to the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0023] Step S7: Turn on the ventilation and place the assembled sample assembly into the positioning sleeve of the steel anvil;

[0024] Step S8: After adjusting the power supply voltage to the selected initial voltage, turn on the power supply and use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post to perform an impact sensitivity test and record the results; if the test result is an explosion, proceed to step S9; if the test result is no explosion, proceed to step S10.

[0025] Step S9: Execute steps S1 to S7, lower the power supply voltage so that the difference between the power supply voltage and the previous test voltage is the step voltage, use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post to perform an impact sensitivity test, and record the result; if the test result is an explosion, then execute step S11; if the test result is no explosion, then execute step S12.

[0026] Step S10: Execute steps S1 to S7, increase the power supply voltage so that the difference between the power supply voltage and the previous test voltage is the step voltage, use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post to perform an impact sensitivity test, and record the result; if the test result is an explosion, then execute step S11; if the test result is no explosion, then execute step S12.

[0027] Step S11: Calculate the number of impact sensitivity tests. If the number of impact sensitivity tests is less than N, proceed to step S9; if the number of impact sensitivity tests is equal to N, proceed to step S13.

[0028] Step S12: Calculate the number of impact sensitivity tests. If the number of impact sensitivity tests is less than N, proceed to step S10; if the number of impact sensitivity tests is equal to N, proceed to step S13.

[0029] Step S13: Based on the results of N impact sensitivity tests, obtain the 50% ignition voltage.

[0030] Furthermore, the power supply is a regulated power supply with adjustable output voltage, and its maximum output voltage is 250V; the initial voltage is 15V; and the step voltage is 5V.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S13, the 50% ignition voltage is confirmed by the following method:

[0032] When, in N impact sensitivity tests, the number of times an explosion occurs is less than or equal to the number of times an explosion does not occur, the 50% ignition voltage V... 50It is calculated using the following formula (I);

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, V 50 V0 is the initial voltage (50% ignition voltage) in volts; d is the step voltage (volts); A1 is the first calculation factor, calculated using formula (II); n is the number of explosions.

[0035] A1=∑ i in i (II)

[0036] In the formula, i is the stimulus quantity index, and the value of i is 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...; wherein, stimulus quantity index 0 corresponds to the initial voltage V0; the test voltage that is greater than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of id from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to i; the test voltage that is less than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of id from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to -i; n i The number of tests in which an explosion occurs when the input voltage is the test voltage with stimulus sequence number i;

[0037] When, in N impact sensitivity tests, the number of times an explosion occurs is greater than the number of times an explosion does not occur, the 50% ignition voltage V... 50 It is calculated using the following formula (III);

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, V 50 V0 is the initial voltage (50% ignition voltage) in volts; d is the step voltage in volts; A2 is the second calculation factor, calculated using formula (IV); m is the number of times no explosion occurs.

[0040] A2=∑ j jm j (IV)

[0041] In the formula, j is the stimulus quantity index, and the value of j is 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...; wherein, stimulus quantity index 0 corresponds to the initial voltage V0; the test voltage that is greater than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of jd from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to j; the test voltage that is less than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of jd from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to -j; m j The number of tests in which an explosion does not occur when the input voltage is the test voltage of stimulus sequence number j.

[0042] This invention proposes a novel force-electric coupling testing device for impact sensitivity of energetic materials. A power source is installed externally to the impact device, connecting upper and lower conductive wires to form a closed loop. This allows for the indirect application of different levels of external electric fields to energetic material samples. Impact tests are conducted at different heights using a drop hammer. The device allows for energizing the sample and changing its voltage without affecting the impact test. It can not only measure characteristic drop height values ​​but also determine the impact sensitivity and explosion probability of energetic material samples under different voltage conditions at a given drop height, obtaining safety data and providing an evaluation method for the safety of energetic materials under different voltage conditions. Furthermore, it provides an evaluation method for the safety assessment of energetic materials under force-electric coupling conditions, allowing for the determination of the critical ignition safety threshold and reaction energy release law of energetic materials under different production environments and process conditions under external force-electric combined stimulation. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A bottom-view diagram of the downward-facing column.

[0045] In the figure, 1-sample loading assembly, 11-mounting groove, 12-insulating sleeve, 13-upper striking post, 14-lower striking post, 15-charge chamber, 16-insulating pad, 17-mounting groove, 18-bottom groove, 2-drop hammer, 3-electric coupling system, 31-power supply, 32-upper conductive wire, 33-lower conductive wire. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A force-electric coupling test device for impact sensitivity of energetic materials includes an impact sensitivity tester, which includes an impact mechanism and a sample loading assembly 1; the impact mechanism includes a drop hammer 2; characterized in that it further includes an electric coupling system 3;

[0048] The sample loading assembly 1 includes a mounting groove 11 with its opening facing the drop hammer 2. The inner cavity of the mounting groove 11 is provided with an insulating sleeve 12 that is detachably fitted therewith. The inner cavity of the insulating sleeve 12 is provided with an upper striking post 13 and a lower striking post 14 located directly below the drop hammer 2, and a charging cavity 15 is left between the upper striking post 13 and the lower striking post 14. The upper striking post 13 and the lower striking post 14 are both detachably inserted into the inner cavity of the insulating sleeve 12, and the materials of the upper striking post 13 and the lower striking post 14 are both conductive materials.

[0049] The electrical coupling system 3 includes a power supply 31, an upper conductive line 32 electrically connected to the upper striking post 13, and a lower conductive line 33 electrically connected to the lower striking post 14; the upper conductive line 32 and the lower conductive line 33 are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 31.

[0050] This invention features a charging cavity between the upper and lower impact posts, through which energetic material samples can be placed. During the test, the upper impact post 13 is struck by the drop hammer 2, causing the upper impact post 13 to transmit the impact force to the energetic material sample located in the charging cavity 15, thus enabling the measurement of the impact sensitivity of the energetic material. Simultaneously, during the test, a preset voltage is applied between the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14 via a power supply 31, so that the energetic material sample is subjected to both the impact force and the preset voltage, thereby achieving the force-electric coupling of this test device.

[0051] This invention takes into account the operating environment of the experimental device, featuring a simple structure and small size, allowing for connection with the sample loading assembly. Furthermore, the upper conductive wire 32 and lower conductive wire 33 can be used to connect the energetic material sample to the power supply 31 to form a closed loop, effectively adjusting different voltage values. In addition, the lengths of the upper conductive wire 32 and lower conductive wire 33 in this experimental device are appropriate, ensuring the normal operation of the device. Therefore, this experimental device can effectively adjust the voltage value of the sample without affecting the drop hammer impact test, while meeting the above conditions.

[0052] When assembling this test apparatus, the bottom surface of the upper striking post 13 should be lower than the upper surface of the insulating sleeve 12, while the bottom surface of the lower striking post 14 should be flush with the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve 12.

[0053] The bottom of the lower striking post 14 penetrates the lower part of the insulating sleeve 12; insulating pads 16 are provided between the lower striking post 14 and the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove 11, as well as on the upper surface of the upper striking post 13.

[0054] The insulating pad 16 provides insulation between the lower impact post 14 and the mounting groove 11, and between the upper impact post 13 and the drop hammer 2. This protects the drop hammer 2 from the static electricity of the upper impact post 13 during impact, preventing short circuits in the electrical circuit. With the insulating pad 16 positioned between the lower impact post 14 and the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove 11, the bottom surface of the insulating pad 16 is flush with the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve 12.

[0055] The upper surface of the insulating sleeve 12 is higher than the upper end face of the mounting groove 11; the upper surface of the upper striking post 13 is higher than the upper surface of the insulating sleeve 12, and the end of the upper conductive wire 32 is wound around the side wall of the portion of the upper striking post 13 that is higher than the insulating sleeve 12.

[0056] The structural design of mounting groove 17 having its upper end higher than the upper surface of mounting groove 11 facilitates the lead-out of the lower conductive wire 33.

[0057] The side wall and bottom wall of the insulating sleeve 12 are provided with an L-shaped mounting groove 17, and the upper end of the mounting groove 17 is higher than the upper end face of the mounting groove 11; the middle section of the lower conductive wire 33 is embedded in the mounting groove 11, and an insulating layer is provided on the outer side of the middle section of the lower conductive wire 33.

[0058] The bottom surface of the lower striking post 14 is provided with an annular bottom groove 18 that communicates with the mounting groove 17; the end of the lower conductive wire 33 is embedded in the bottom groove 18.

[0059] The bottom groove 18 is designed to facilitate the engagement of the lower conductive wire 33, preventing it from detaching from the lower impact post 14 during the test and affecting the measurement results. The bottom groove 18 can also be a threaded groove, or the arrangement of the lower conductive wire 33 within the annular bottom groove 18 can also be threaded to improve the fixing effect of the lower conductive wire 33.

[0060] In application, a groove for accommodating the upper conductive wire 32 can also be made on the side wall of the upper striking post 13 to facilitate the snapping of the upper conductive wire 32. It should be noted that during the test, the upper conductive wire 32, except for the part connected to the upper striking post 13 and the positive terminal of the power supply 31, can be covered with an insulating layer to improve the safety of this test device.

[0061] The insulating sleeve 12 is an plexiglass sleeve; the upper striking post 13 and the lower striking post 14 are both made of steel.

[0062] In this experimental apparatus, a vertical through hole is provided in the middle of the plexiglass sleeve. During the test, the upper striking post 13, the lower striking post 14, and the charging chamber 15 are all located in the vertical through hole.

[0063] The power supply 31 is a regulated power supply with adjustable output voltage, and its maximum output voltage is 250V.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] A force-electric coupling test method for impact sensitivity of energetic materials is disclosed. This test method is based on the force-electric coupling test device for impact sensitivity of energetic materials described in this invention. The test method includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S1: Weigh the energetic material according to the selected mass and set aside;

[0067] Step S2: Insert the lower striking post 14 through the lower part of the insulating sleeve 12, and install the lower conductive wire 33 at the bottom of the lower striking post 14 so that the first end of the lower conductive wire 33 is electrically connected to the lower striking post 14.

[0068] When placing the impact post 14, make the bottom surface of the impact post 14 flush with the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve 12. In this way, the energetic material can be evenly spread on the surface of the impact post 14 in the following step S3, so that the energetic material sample can be evenly subjected to the combined effect of impact and electric current.

[0069] Step S3: Install the insulating sleeve 12 into the inner cavity of the mounting groove 11. During installation, lead the first end of the lower conductive wire 33 out of the mounting groove 11 and connect the first end of the lower conductive wire 33 to the negative terminal of the power supply 31.

[0070] Step S4: Add the energetic material weighed in step S1 to the insulating sleeve 12, so that the energetic material is placed on the upper surface of the lower impact column 14;

[0071] Step S5: Install the upper striking post 13 on the upper part of the insulating sleeve 12, so that the lower end face of the upper striking post 13 is in contact with the energetic material;

[0072] Step S6: Install a conductive wire 32 on the upper part of the upper striking post 13, so that the end of the upper conductive wire 32 is electrically connected to the upper striking post 13; then, connect the first end of the upper conductive wire 32 to the positive terminal of the power supply 31.

[0073] Step S7: Turn on the ventilation and place the assembled sample assembly 1 into the positioning sleeve of the steel anvil;

[0074] Through the above steps S1 to S7, the preparation of energetic material samples and power supply leads can be achieved, forming a closed loop between the power supply 31, upper conductive wire 32, upper striking post 13, energetic material sample, lower striking post 14, and upper conductive wire 33. After installation, insulating tape can be used to further secure the upper striking post 13 and upper conductive wire 32, and the lower striking post 14 and lower conductive wire 33.

[0075] Step S8: After adjusting the voltage of power supply 31 to the selected initial voltage, turn on power supply 31, use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to perform an impact sensitivity test, and record the results; if the test result is an explosion, proceed to step S9; if the test result is no explosion, proceed to step S10.

[0076] An explosion is determined when any of the following phenomena are observed: an explosion sound, light emission, smoke, sample discoloration, or traces of gaseous products on the lower surface of the upper impact post 13 or the upper surface of the lower impact post 14 in contact with the energetic material sample. Otherwise, it is considered a non-explosion.

[0077] Step S9: Execute steps S1 to S7, lower the voltage of power supply 31 so that the difference between the voltage of power supply 31 and the previous test voltage is the step voltage, use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to perform an impact sensitivity test, and record the result; if the test result is an explosion, then execute step S11; if the test result is no explosion, then execute step S12.

[0078] The power supply 31 is a regulated power supply with adjustable output voltage, and its maximum output voltage is 250V; the initial voltage is 15V; and the step voltage is 5V.

[0079] By selecting power supply 31 as a regulated power supply with adjustable output voltage, the voltage of this test method can be set to multiple different preset voltages, and it is easy to adjust.

[0080] Step S10: Execute steps S1 to S7, increase the voltage of power supply 31 so that the difference between the voltage of power supply 31 and the previous test voltage is the step voltage, use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to perform the impact sensitivity test, and record the result; if the test result is an explosion, then execute step S11; if the test result is no explosion, then execute step S12.

[0081] Step S11: Calculate the number of impact sensitivity tests. If the number of impact sensitivity tests is less than N, proceed to step S9; if the number of impact sensitivity tests is equal to N, proceed to step S13.

[0082] Step S12: Calculate the number of impact sensitivity tests. If the number of impact sensitivity tests is less than N, proceed to step S10; if the number of impact sensitivity tests is equal to N, proceed to step S13.

[0083] Step S13: Based on the results of N impact sensitivity tests, the 50% ignition voltage is obtained. The 50% ignition voltage is confirmed by the following method:

[0084] When, in N impact sensitivity tests, the number of times an explosion occurs is less than or equal to the number of times an explosion does not occur, the 50% ignition voltage V... 50 It is calculated using the following formula (I);

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, V 50 V0 is the initial voltage (50% ignition voltage) in volts; d is the step voltage (volts); A1 is the first calculation factor, calculated using formula (II); n is the number of explosions.

[0087] A1=∑ i in i(II)

[0088] In the formula, i is the stimulus quantity index, and the value of i is 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...; wherein, stimulus quantity index 0 corresponds to the initial voltage V0; the test voltage that is greater than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of id from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to i; the test voltage that is less than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of id from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to -i; n i The number of tests in which an explosion occurs when the input voltage is the test voltage with stimulus sequence number i;

[0089] When, in N impact sensitivity tests, the number of times an explosion occurs is greater than the number of times an explosion does not occur, the 50% ignition voltage V... 50 It is calculated using the following formula (III);

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, V 50 V0 is the initial voltage (50% ignition voltage) in volts; d is the step voltage in volts; A2 is the second calculation factor, calculated using formula (IV); m is the number of times no explosion occurs.

[0092] A2=∑ j jm j (IV)

[0093] In the formula, j is the stimulus quantity index, and the value of j is 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...; wherein, stimulus quantity index 0 corresponds to the initial voltage V0; the test voltage that is greater than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of jd from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to j; the test voltage that is less than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of jd from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to -j; m j The number of tests in which an explosion does not occur when the input voltage is the test voltage of stimulus sequence number j.

[0094] In the above test methods, the determination of impact sensitivity at a certain drop height can be carried out with reference to the explosion probability method and characteristic drop height method of GJB772A-1997 method 601.2.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] A force-electric coupling test method for impact sensitivity of energetic materials is disclosed, which is based on the force-electric coupling test device for impact sensitivity of energetic materials described in this invention; the test method includes the following steps:

[0097] Step S1: Select a set of calibrated impact sensitivity testers, select a drop hammer 2 with a mass of 5kg and a drop hammer height of 15cm, and test conditions: room temperature 25℃, relative humidity 55%.

[0098] Step S2: Weigh 45 mg of HMX powder and 5 mg of aluminum powder using a balance to obtain an energetic material sample, making the mass ratio of aluminum powder in the energetic material 10%, and set aside for later use.

[0099] Step S3: Insert the lower striking post 14 through the lower part of the insulating sleeve 12, and install the lower conductive wire 33 at the bottom of the lower striking post 14 so that the first end of the lower conductive wire 33 is electrically connected to the lower striking post 14; and use insulating tape to fix the lower conductive wire 33 and the lower striking post 14.

[0100] Step S4: Install the insulating sleeve 12 into the inner cavity of the mounting groove 11. During installation, lead the first end of the lower conductive wire 33 out of the mounting groove 11 and connect the first end of the lower conductive wire 33 to the negative terminal of the power supply 31.

[0101] Step S5: Add the energetic material weighed in step S1 to the insulating sleeve 12 so that the energetic material is evenly spread on the upper surface of the lower impact column 14.

[0102] Step S6: Install the upper striking post 13 on the upper part of the insulating sleeve 12 so that the lower end face of the upper striking post 13 is in contact with the energetic material; when placing the upper striking post 13, the upper striking post 13 is in contact with the energetic material sample by its own weight.

[0103] Step S7: Install a conductive wire 32 on the upper part of the upper striking post 13, so that the end of the upper conductive wire 32 is electrically connected to the upper striking post 13; then, connect the first end of the upper conductive wire 32 to the positive terminal of the power supply 31; and use insulating tape to fix the upper conductive wire 32 and the upper striking post 13.

[0104] Step S8: Turn on the ventilation and place the assembled sample assembly 1 into the positioning sleeve of the steel anvil;

[0105] Step S9: After adjusting the voltage of power supply 31 to the selected initial voltage of 15V, turn on power supply 31 and use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to conduct an impact sensitivity test. The test result is no explosion, recorded as 0. Then disassemble sample assembly 1, clean the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14. If the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14 are damaged, replace them.

[0106] Step S10: Second test: Execute steps S2 to S8, adjust the voltage of power supply 31 to 20V, so that the difference between the voltage of power supply 31 and the voltage of the previous test is a step voltage of 5V. Use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to conduct an impact sensitivity test. The test result is an explosion, recorded as 1. Then disassemble the sample assembly 1, clean the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14. If the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14 are damaged, replace them.

[0107] Step S11: Third test: Execute steps S2 to S8, reduce the voltage of power supply 31 to 15V, so that the difference between the voltage of power supply 31 and the voltage of the previous test is a step voltage of 5V. Use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to conduct an impact sensitivity test. The test result is no explosion, recorded as 0. Then disassemble the sample assembly 1, clean the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14. If the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14 are damaged, replace them.

[0108] Step S12: Fourth test: Execute steps S2 to S8, increase the voltage of power supply 31 to 20V, so that the difference between the voltage of power supply 31 and the voltage of the previous test is a step voltage of 5V. Use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to conduct an impact sensitivity test. The test result is no explosion, recorded as 0. Then disassemble the sample assembly 1, clean the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14. If the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14 are damaged, replace them.

[0109] Step S13: Fifth test: Execute steps S2 to S8, increase the voltage of power supply 31 to 25V, so that the difference between the voltage of power supply 31 and the voltage of the previous test is a step voltage of 5V. Use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to conduct an impact sensitivity test. The test result is an explosion, recorded as 1. Then disassemble the sample assembly 1, clean the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14. If the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14 are damaged, replace them.

[0110] Step S14: Sixth test: Execute steps S2 to S8, reduce the voltage of power supply 31 to 20V, so that the difference between the voltage of power supply 31 and the voltage of the previous test is a step voltage of 5V. Use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post 13 to conduct an impact sensitivity test. The test result is an explosion, recorded as 1. Then disassemble the sample assembly 1, clean the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14. If the upper impact post 13 and the lower impact post 14 are damaged, replace them.

[0111] Step S15: Continue in this manner until 25 trials are completed. The structure of the 25 trials is shown in Table 1:

[0112] Table 1: Test Results of Example 3

[0113] 10 0 0 15 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 20 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 25 1 1 1 1 1

[0114] Step S16: Based on the results of 25 impact sensitivity tests, the 50% ignition voltage is obtained. The 50% ignition voltage is confirmed by the following method:

[0115] In N impact sensitivity tests, when the number of explosions is less than or equal to the number of no explosions, the 50% ignition voltage V... 50 It is calculated using the following formula (III);

[0116]

[0117] In the formula, V 50 V0 is the initial voltage (50% ignition voltage) in volts; d is the step voltage (volts); A1 is the first calculation factor, calculated using formula (IV); n is the number of explosions.

[0118] A1=∑ i in i =(-1)×0+0×2+1×5+2×5=15 (IV)

[0119] In the formula, i represents the stimulus quantity number. In the above formula, i = -1 is the stimulus quantity number corresponding to the test voltage of 10V, and 0 is the number of tests in which an explosion occurred when the test voltage was 10V. Among them, the number of tests in which no explosion occurred when the test voltage was 10V is 2, which is not included in the calculation; i = 0 is the stimulus quantity number corresponding to the test voltage of 15V, and 2 is the number of tests in which an explosion occurred when the test voltage was 15V. Among them, the number of tests in which no explosion occurred when the test voltage was 15V is 6, which is not included in the calculation; i = 1 is the stimulus quantity number corresponding to the test voltage of 20V, and 5 is the number of tests in which an explosion occurred when the test voltage was 20V. Among them, the number of tests in which no explosion occurred when the test voltage was 20V is 5, which is not included in the calculation; i = 2 is the stimulus quantity number corresponding to the test voltage of 25V, and 5 is the number of tests in which an explosion occurred when the test voltage was 25V.

[0120] The results above show that the critical voltage for ignition of HMX / AL (10%) energetic material (composite explosive) is 15.5V. Therefore, it can be seen that the applied electric field has a certain influence on the impact sensitivity of HMX / AL (10%) explosive.

[0121] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A force-electric coupling test method for impact sensitivity of energetic materials, characterized in that: This testing method is based on a force-electric coupling test device for the impact sensitivity of energetic materials; A force-electric coupling test device for impact sensitivity of energetic materials includes an impact sensitivity tester, which includes an impact mechanism and a sample loading assembly (1); the impact mechanism includes a drop hammer (2); and also includes an electric coupling system (3). The sample loading assembly (1) includes a mounting groove (11) with its opening facing the drop hammer (2). The inner cavity of the mounting groove (11) is provided with an insulating sleeve (12) that is detachably fitted therewith. The inner cavity of the insulating sleeve (12) is provided with an upper striking post (13) and a lower striking post (14) located directly below the drop hammer (2), and a loading cavity (15) is provided between the upper striking post (13) and the lower striking post (14). The upper striking post (13) and the lower striking post (14) are both detachably inserted into the inner cavity of the insulating sleeve (12), and the materials of the upper striking post (13) and the lower striking post (14) are both conductive materials. The electrical coupling system (3) includes a power supply (31), an upper conductive line (32) electrically connected to the upper striking post (13), and a lower conductive line (33) electrically connected to the lower striking post (14); the upper conductive line (32) and the lower conductive line (33) are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply (31); The testing method includes the following steps: Step S1: Weigh the energetic material according to the selected mass and set aside; Step S2: Insert the lower striking post (14) into the lower part of the insulating sleeve (12), and install the lower conductive wire (33) at the bottom of the lower striking post (14) so ​​that the first end of the lower conductive wire (33) is electrically connected to the lower striking post (14); Step S3: Install the insulating sleeve (12) into the inner cavity of the mounting groove (11). During installation, lead the first end of the lower conductive wire (33) out of the mounting groove (11) and connect the first end of the lower conductive wire (33) to the negative terminal of the power supply (31). Step S4: Add the energetic material weighed in step S1 to the insulating sleeve (12) so that the energetic material is placed on the upper surface of the lower impact column (14); Step S5: Install the upper striking post (13) on the upper part of the insulating sleeve (12) so that the lower end face of the upper striking post (13) is in contact with the energetic material; Step S6: Install an upper conductive wire (32) on the upper part of the upper striking post (13) so that the end of the upper conductive wire (32) is electrically connected to the upper striking post (13); then, connect the first end of the upper conductive wire (32) to the positive terminal of the power supply (31). Step S7: Turn on the ventilation and place the assembled sample assembly (1) into the positioning sleeve of the steel anvil; Step S8: After adjusting the voltage of the power supply (31) to the selected initial voltage, turn on the power supply (31), use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact post (13) to perform an impact sensitivity test, and record the results; if the test result is an explosion, then proceed to step S9. If the test result is no explosion, proceed to step S10; Step S9: Execute steps S1 to S7, lower the voltage of the power supply (31) so that the difference between the voltage of the power supply (31) and the previous test voltage is the step voltage, use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact column (13) to perform the impact sensitivity test, and record the results. If the test result is an explosion, proceed to step S11; if the test result is no explosion, proceed to step S12. Step S10: Execute steps S1 to S7, increase the voltage of the power supply (31) so that the difference between the voltage of the power supply (31) and the previous test voltage is the step voltage, use the impact mechanism to impact the upper impact column (13) to perform the impact sensitivity test, and record the results. If the test result is an explosion, proceed to step S11; if the test result is no explosion, proceed to step S12. Step S11: Calculate the number of impact sensitivity tests. If the number of impact sensitivity tests is less than N, proceed to step S9; if the number of impact sensitivity tests is equal to N, proceed to step S13. Step S12: Calculate the number of impact sensitivity tests. If the number of impact sensitivity tests is less than N, proceed to step S10; if the number of impact sensitivity tests is equal to N, proceed to step S13. Step S13: Based on the results of N impact sensitivity tests, obtain the 50% ignition voltage; In step S13, the 50% ignition voltage is confirmed by the following method: When, in N impact sensitivity tests, the number of times an explosion occurs is less than or equal to the number of times an explosion does not occur, the 50% ignition voltage is... It is calculated using the following formula (I); （I） In the formula, V0 is the initial voltage (50% ignition voltage) in volts; d is the step voltage (volts); A1 is the first calculation factor, calculated using formula (II); n is the number of explosions. (II) In the formula, The stimulus quantity number is the sequence number. The values ​​are 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...; where the stimulus quantity number 0 corresponds to the initial voltage V0; the test voltage that is greater than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of id from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to i; and the test voltage that is less than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of id from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to -i. The number of tests in which an explosion occurs when the input voltage is the test voltage with stimulus sequence number i; When, in N impact sensitivity tests, the number of times an explosion occurs is greater than the number of times an explosion does not occur, the 50% ignition voltage is... It is calculated using the following formula (III); (III) In the formula, V0 is the initial voltage (50% ignition voltage) in volts; d is the step voltage in volts; A2 is the second calculation factor, calculated using formula (IV); m is the number of times an explosion does not occur. (IV) In the formula, j is the stimulus quantity index. The values ​​are 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, ...; where the stimulus quantity number 0 corresponds to the initial voltage V0; the test voltage that is greater than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of jd from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to j; and the test voltage that is less than the initial voltage V0 and has a difference of jd from the initial voltage V0 corresponds to -j. The number of tests that do not result in an explosion when the input voltage is the test voltage of stimulus sequence number j.

2. The method for force-electric coupling testing of impact sensitivity of energetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply (31) is a regulated power supply with adjustable output voltage, and its maximum output voltage is 250 V; the initial voltage is 15 V; and the step voltage is 5 V.

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