Air cell electrolyte, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application discloses an air cell electrolyte, a preparation method and application thereof. The electrolyte comprises an alkaline solution, a solvation control salt, a diluent, corrosion inhibitor A and corrosion inhibitor B. The diluent is an alcohol solvent that is miscible with water. The corrosion inhibitor A is a metal salt with a high hydrogen evolution overpotential. The corrosion inhibitor B is an organic solvent containing an imidazole group. The electrolyte has low viscosity and high conductivity, can effectively inhibit the hydrogen evolution corrosion of a metal negative electrode, has high corrosion inhibition efficiency, widens the electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte, and greatly improves the electrochemical performance of the battery. When the electrolyte is used in an aluminum-air battery, the discharge performance of the aluminum-air battery can be effectively improved, the hydrogen evolution corrosion can be inhibited, and the discharge specific capacity and working voltage can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an electrolyte, specifically an air battery electrolyte, and also to its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of metal-air battery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Metal-air batteries, as sustainable green chemical power sources, have attracted significant attention due to their advantages such as high energy density and capacity, low cost, and high safety. Among them, aluminum-air batteries possess the highest volumetric energy density (21900 Wh / L). -1 Furthermore, aluminum is abundant, inexpensive, and readily available, with high recyclability, making aluminum-air batteries a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage applications. However, aluminum anodes suffer from severe hydrogen evolution corrosion in alkaline electrolytes, leading to low anode utilization and significantly reduced battery energy density and operating voltage, severely limiting the commercial application of aluminum-air batteries.

[0003] To address the hydrogen evolution corrosion problem of aluminum anodes, current research mainly focuses on two aspects: adjusting the composition or morphology of the aluminum anode and adding additives to the electrolyte. Adjusting the composition or microstructure of aluminum anodes through high purification, alloying, heat treatment, and three-dimensional structural design is costly and complex. Therefore, adding functional additives to the electrolyte has attracted widespread attention due to its simplicity, convenience, and low cost.

[0004] On the one hand, additives can form a protective layer at the aluminum anode / electrolyte interface, hindering the contact between the anode and water and thus inhibiting hydrogen evolution corrosion. Inorganic additives form a deposition layer on the aluminum anode surface through dissolution and redeposition to mitigate hydrogen evolution corrosion, but this deposition layer is loose, porous, and easily detached, making it difficult to maintain stable battery performance. Organic additives adsorb onto the aluminum anode surface to form an organic protective layer, but the selectivity of adsorption sites means that part of the aluminum anode remains exposed to the electrolyte, resulting in limited hydrogen evolution corrosion inhibition. Therefore, a single corrosion inhibitor cannot effectively suppress hydrogen evolution corrosion of the aluminum anode.

[0005] On the other hand, adding additives can regulate the structure of ion solvation in the electrolyte, reduce the content of free water molecules in the electrolyte, thereby reducing the reactivity of water molecules and effectively inhibiting hydrogen evolution corrosion of the aluminum anode. Patent CN202010181154.0 discloses an alkaline high-concentration salt alkaline electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries, which effectively inhibits hydrogen evolution corrosion of the aluminum anode by adding a high concentration of potassium salt. However, this method requires the addition of a large amount of additives, resulting in very high electrolyte costs. Furthermore, high-concentration electrolytes have high viscosity and low conductivity, significantly affecting the battery's discharge performance. Therefore, developing an electrolyte that can reduce electrolyte viscosity and cost, while effectively inhibiting hydrogen evolution and improving the battery's electrochemical performance is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of high electrolyte viscosity, low conductivity, poor hydrogen evolution suppression, and unsatisfactory battery performance in existing technologies, the first objective of this invention is to provide an air battery electrolyte. This electrolyte exhibits low viscosity and high conductivity, effectively suppressing hydrogen evolution corrosion and significantly improving battery discharge performance and stability.

[0007] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing an air battery electrolyte. This method is simple, inexpensive, and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0008] A third objective of this invention is to provide an application of an air battery electrolyte. Using this electrolyte in an aluminum-air battery can effectively suppress hydrogen evolution corrosion of the aluminum anode and improve the battery's electrochemical performance.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides an air battery electrolyte, comprising an alkaline solution, a solvation regulating salt, a diluent, corrosion inhibitor A, and corrosion inhibitor B; wherein the diluent is a water-miscible alcohol solvent; the corrosion inhibitor A is a metal salt with a high hydrogen evolution overpotential; and the corrosion inhibitor B is an organic solvent containing an imidazole group.

[0010] This invention first utilizes solvation-regulated salts to adjust the ion solvation structure in the solution, reducing the activity of water molecules and thermodynamically inhibiting water decomposition reactions, thus broadening the electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte and improving its stability. Secondly, it reduces the total salt concentration using a diluent, creating a low-concentration region for the electrolyte, reducing costs while maintaining low viscosity and high conductivity, thereby improving the discharge performance of the air battery. Finally, it modifies the electrode surface interface using a composite corrosion inhibitor, constructing a protective layer to synergistically inhibit hydrogen evolution corrosion, thereby improving the battery's electrochemical performance.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the alkaline solution comprises potassium hydroxide solution and / or sodium hydroxide solution.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the solvation regulating salt comprises at least one of sodium nitrate, sodium perchlorate, sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate, potassium fluoride, potassium formate, potassium acetate, potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, and potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate. This type of solvation regulating salt has high solubility in water (>4 mol / L), which can better construct high-concentration electrolytes, regulate the solvation structure of ions in the solution, and confine all free water molecules within the solvation sheath of the ions, forming solvation complexes, reducing the activity of free water molecules, and widening the electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte, thereby inhibiting hydrogen evolution corrosion of the metal electrode.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the solvation regulating salt in the electrolyte is 2–4 mol / L. Controlling the concentration of the solvation regulating salt within a suitable range is beneficial to improving the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte. If the concentration of the solvation regulating salt is too low, it cannot effectively regulate the solvation structure of ions to reduce the activity of water molecules, thus leading to severe hydrogen evolution corrosion; while if its concentration is too high, it will make the viscosity of the electrolyte too high, resulting in severe battery polarization and unstable discharge.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the diluent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, isopropanol, and tert-butanol. This type of diluent is miscible with water, which facilitates the formation of a homogeneous solution, creating a low-concentration region in the electrolyte. Furthermore, its solubility for solvation-regulating salts is very low, thus it can disperse large clusters of solvation complexes formed in high-concentration regions, thereby creating localized high-concentration areas. This reduces the total salt concentration of the electrolyte while preserving the ionic coordination structure under high-concentration conditions to suppress hydrogen evolution corrosion. In addition, alcohol solvents can bind to water molecules through hydrogen bonds, reducing the activity of water molecules and further suppressing hydrogen evolution corrosion. Simultaneously, the diluent has a low viscosity, effectively reducing the viscosity of the electrolyte, improving its conductivity, and enhancing the electrochemical performance of the air battery.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the diluent accounts for 20% to 50% of the volume percentage in the electrolyte. Controlling the amount of diluent within a suitable range is beneficial for obtaining an electrolyte with excellent performance. Too little diluent will not help reduce the viscosity of the electrolyte, while too much will lead to a decrease in the conductivity of the electrolyte, affecting battery discharge, and may also make the electrolyte flammable, reducing safety.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the corrosion inhibitor A comprises at least one of lead salt, zinc salt, gallium salt, bismuth salt, and tin salt. Corrosion inhibitor A may also include at least one of lead oxide, lead sulfate, lead acetate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, bismuth oxide, bismuth nitrate, gallium oxide, gallium nitrate, potassium stannate, sodium stannate, and tin oxide. These soluble metal salts possess high hydrogen evolution overpotentials and can form a protective layer on the surface of the metal anode by dissolving and redepositing. This increases the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the anode and reduces the contact between water and the electrode, thereby inhibiting hydrogen evolution corrosion.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the concentration of corrosion inhibitor A in the electrolyte is 0.5–3 g / L. Controlling the concentration of corrosion inhibitor A within a suitable range is beneficial to improving the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte. If the concentration is too low, the protective layer coverage will be low, and hydrogen evolution cannot be effectively suppressed. If the concentration is too high, the protective layer will be too thick, making it easy to peel off, which will not only affect the suppression of hydrogen evolution but also the stability of the battery discharge process.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the corrosion inhibitor B comprises at least one of N-methylimidazolium, 2-methylimidazolium, benzimidazole, histidine, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium salt, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salt. Since the protective layer formed by corrosion inhibitor A is loose and easily detached, corrosion inhibitor B can synergistically strengthen the protective layer. Corrosion inhibitor B has an imidazolium group. On the one hand, the N atom on the imidazolium ring contains lone pair electrons, which can transfer to the empty d orbitals on the surface of the metal electrode with empty d orbitals to form coordinate bonds, thereby forming a protective layer through adsorption to inhibit hydrogen evolution corrosion. On the other hand, the imidazolium group can also complex with the metal in the inorganic protective layer, optimizing the deposition process of the inorganic protective layer, enhancing the mechanical strength of the inorganic protective layer, and synergistically inhibiting hydrogen evolution.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the concentration of corrosion inhibitor B in the electrolyte is 5–30 g / L. Controlling the concentration of corrosion inhibitor B within a suitable range is beneficial to improving the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte. If the concentration is too low, it cannot complex with corrosion inhibitor A to improve the density and mechanical strength of the protective layer, leading to severe hydrogen evolution corrosion. If the concentration is too high, the composite protective layer becomes too thick, resulting in severe electrode polarization and affecting the electrochemical performance of the battery.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the hydroxide ion concentration in the alkaline solution is 2–8 mol / L. Controlling the hydroxide ion concentration within a suitable range is beneficial for improving the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte, especially for aluminum anodes. Excessive hydroxide ion concentration leads to increased electrolyte viscosity and exacerbates battery polarization, while insufficient concentration fails to effectively dissolve the passivation layer on the aluminum anode surface, resulting in severe anodic polarization.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the electrolyte has locally high concentration regions and low concentration regions, with the locally high concentration regions being uniformly distributed within the low concentration regions.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the total salt concentration in the local high-concentration region is 1 to 3 times that in the low-concentration region.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an air battery electrolyte, which involves mixing an alkaline solution and a solvation regulating salt, and then sequentially adding a diluent, corrosion inhibitor A and corrosion inhibitor B to obtain the electrolyte.

[0024] As a preferred method, the temperature is controlled between 20 and 80°C during the mixing process of the diluent, corrosion inhibitor A, and corrosion inhibitor B. The mixing method can be stirring, such as magnetic stirring, ultrasonic stirring, or mechanical stirring.

[0025] This invention also provides an application of an air battery electrolyte, which is used as an electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries. This electrolyte can effectively improve the discharge performance of aluminum-air batteries, inhibit hydrogen evolution corrosion, improve corrosion inhibition efficiency, reduce electrode polarization, increase the discharge specific capacity and operating voltage of aluminum-air batteries, and enhance battery stability.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) By constructing a local high-concentration environment, the activity of water molecules is reduced, the decomposition reaction of water is inhibited, the electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte is broadened, and the stability of the electrolyte is improved.

[0028] (2) By reducing the total salt concentration of the electrolyte with a diluent, the cost can be reduced by 30-50% while maintaining the electrolyte with low viscosity and high conductivity, thus improving the discharge performance of the air battery.

[0029] (3) By modifying the interface of the metal anode surface with composite corrosion inhibitors, the activity of free water molecules is reduced, and a protective layer is constructed to synergistically inhibit hydrogen evolution corrosion, thereby improving the utilization rate of the anode. In addition, the deposition process of the protective layer is optimized through the synergistic effect of composite corrosion inhibitors, effectively reducing electrode polarization.

[0030] (4) When this electrolyte is used in aluminum-air batteries, it can effectively improve the discharge performance of aluminum-air batteries, inhibit hydrogen evolution corrosion, and improve corrosion inhibition efficiency. The corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 78-93%, the discharge specific capacity can be increased by 800-1500mAh / g, the electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte can be widened to 2.0-4.5V, and the battery working voltage is increased by 100-250mV.

[0031] (5) Its electrolyte preparation method is simple and low cost, making it suitable for industrial-scale production. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are carried out under the conditions described in the present invention and are intended to further illustrate the content of the present invention, but do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following examples and comparative examples, the aluminum anode was commercially pure aluminum, and the cathode was a commercial manganese dioxide catalytic electrode.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] First, prepare a 4 mol / L potassium hydroxide solution. Then, weigh 68 g of sodium nitrate and add it to the cooled potassium hydroxide solution. Stir magnetically at 25°C until completely dissolved and bring the volume to 100 mL to obtain a high-concentration solution with a sodium nitrate concentration of 8 mol / L. Subsequently, mix this high-concentration solution with isopropanol at 25°C in a volume percentage ratio of 50%:50% and ultrasonically stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution. Finally, take 100 mL of the mixed solution and add 0.1 g of zinc oxide and 1.5 g of N-methylimidazole to the solution, so that the concentration of zinc oxide in the mixed solution is 1.0 g / L and the concentration of N-methylimidazole in the mixed solution is 15 g / L. Stir magnetically at 25°C until completely dissolved to obtain an alkaline electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries, which is then applied to aluminum-air batteries.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the volume percentage ratio of the high-concentration solution to isopropanol was controlled at 80%:20%.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the concentration of zinc oxide in the mixed solution was controlled to be 0.5 g / L.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the concentration of zinc oxide in the mixed solution was controlled at 3 g / L.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the concentration of N-methylimidazole in the mixed solution was controlled at 5 g / L.

[0045] Example 6

[0046] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the concentration of N-methylimidazole in the mixed solution was controlled at 30 g / L.

[0047] Example 7

[0048] The electrolyte was prepared using the method described in Example 1, except that the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution was controlled at 2 mol / L.

[0049] Example 8

[0050] The electrolyte was prepared using the method described in Example 1, except that the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution was controlled at 8 mol / L.

[0051] Example 9

[0052] First, prepare a 6 mol / L potassium hydroxide solution. Then, weigh 34.8 g of potassium fluoride and add it to the cooled potassium hydroxide solution. Stir magnetically at 30°C until completely dissolved and bring the volume to 100 mL to obtain a high-concentration solution with a potassium fluoride concentration of 6 mol / L. Subsequently, mix the potassium fluoride solution with methanol at 30°C in a volume ratio of 70%:30% and ultrasonically stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution. Finally, take 100 mL of the mixed solution and add 0.2 g of zinc sulfate and 2 g of benzimidazole to the solution, so that the concentration of zinc sulfate in the mixed solution is 2 g / L and the concentration of benzimidazole in the mixed solution is 20 g / L. Stir magnetically at 30°C until completely dissolved to obtain an alkaline electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries, which is then applied to aluminum-air batteries.

[0053] Example 10

[0054] First, prepare a 5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. Then, weigh 242.4 g of sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and add it to the cooled sodium hydroxide solution. Stir magnetically at 50°C until completely dissolved and bring the volume to 100 mL to obtain a high-concentration solution with a sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide concentration of 8 mol / L. Subsequently, mix it with ethanol at 50°C in a 50%:50% volume ratio and ultrasonically stir to obtain a mixed solution. Finally, take 100 mL of the mixed solution and add 0.1 g of bismuth oxide and 3 g of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate to make the concentration of bismuth oxide in the mixed solution 1.0 g / L and the concentration of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate in the mixed solution 30 g / L. Stir magnetically at 50°C until completely dissolved to obtain an alkaline electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries, which is then applied to aluminum-air batteries.

[0055] Example 11

[0056] First, prepare a 5 mol / L potassium hydroxide solution. Then, weigh 112.9 g of potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate and add it to the cooled potassium hydroxide solution. Stir magnetically at 35°C until completely dissolved and bring the volume to 100 mL to obtain a high-concentration solution with a potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate concentration of 6 mol / L. Subsequently, mix the potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate with ethylene glycol at 35°C at a volume percentage ratio of 60%:40% and ultrasonically stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution. Finally, take 100 mL of the mixed solution and add 0.3 g of gallium chloride and 2 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride to the solution, so that the concentration of gallium chloride in the mixed solution is 3.0 g / L and the concentration of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride is 20 g / L. Stir magnetically at 35°C until completely dissolved to obtain an alkaline electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries, which is then applied to aluminum-air batteries.

[0057] Example 12

[0058] First, prepare a 4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. Then, weigh 65.6 g of sodium acetate and add it to the cooled sodium hydroxide solution. Stir magnetically at 40°C until completely dissolved and bring the volume to 100 mL to obtain a high-concentration solution with a sodium acetate concentration of 8 mol / L. Subsequently, mix the sodium acetate solution with tert-butanol at 40°C in a volume percentage ratio of 55%:45% and ultrasonically stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution. Finally, take 100 mL of the mixed solution and add 0.15 g of sodium stannate and 1 g of 2-methylimidazole to the solution, so that the concentration of sodium stannate in the mixed solution is 1.5 g / L and the concentration of 2-methylimidazole in the mixed solution is 10 g / L. Stir magnetically at 40°C until completely dissolved to obtain an alkaline electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries, which is then applied to aluminum-air batteries.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the concentration of sodium nitrate in the high-concentration solution (the amount of sodium nitrate added was 17g) was controlled to be 1mol / L.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the concentration of sodium nitrate in the high-concentration solution (the amount of sodium nitrate added was 85g) was controlled to be 5mol / L.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that isopropanol was not added.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that zinc oxide was not added.

[0067] Comparative Example 5

[0068] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that N-methylimidazole was not added.

[0069] Comparative Example 6

[0070] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the volume percentage ratio of the high-concentration solution to isopropanol was controlled at 95%:5%.

[0071] Comparative Example 7

[0072] The electrolyte was prepared using the method of Example 1, except that the volume percentage ratio of the high-concentration solution to isopropanol was controlled at 20%:80%.

[0073] Performance tests were conducted on aluminum-air batteries using electrolytes prepared according to the various embodiments and comparative examples of this invention. Specifically, the hydrogen evolution corrosion rate and the battery's performance at 50 mA / cm² were measured. 2 The electrochemical performance after 5 hours of discharge at the specified current density is shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1

[0075]

[0076] As shown in Table 1, the application of electrolytes in Examples 1-12 significantly reduced the hydrogen evolution corrosion rate and achieved corrosion inhibition efficiencies greater than 80% due to the introduction of locally high-concentration electrolytes and corrosion inhibitors A and B. The operating voltage and discharge specific capacity were also greatly improved. Comparative Examples 1, 4, and 5, due to their low solvation salt concentration and lack of corrosion inhibitors, could not effectively suppress hydrogen evolution corrosion, resulting in a significant decrease in electrochemical performance. In Comparative Examples 2, 3, 6, and 7, the diluent and solvation salt concentrations were not within the optimal range, leading to low electrolyte conductivity and severe battery polarization. Although hydrogen evolution corrosion was significantly suppressed, the batteries could not discharge.

[0077] The embodiments described above merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An air battery electrolyte, characterized in that: It includes an alkaline solution, a solvation regulating salt, a diluent, corrosion inhibitor A, and corrosion inhibitor B; the diluent is an alcohol solvent miscible with water; The corrosion inhibitor A is a metal salt with a high hydrogen evolution overpotential, or at least one of lead oxide, zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, gallium oxide, and tin oxide; The corrosion inhibitor B is an organic solvent containing an imidazole group; The solvation regulating salt includes at least one of sodium nitrate, sodium perchlorate, sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate, potassium fluoride, potassium formate, potassium acetate, potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, and potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate. The concentration of the solvation regulating salt in the electrolyte is 2-4 mol / L.

2. The air battery electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diluent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, isopropanol, and tert-butanol; The diluent accounts for 20% to 50% of the volume percentage in the electrolyte.

3. The air battery electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal salt with high hydrogen evolution overpotential includes at least one of lead salt, zinc salt, gallium salt, bismuth salt, and tin salt; The concentration of corrosion inhibitor A in the electrolyte is 0.5~3g / L.

4. An air battery electrolyte according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The corrosion inhibitor B includes at least one of N-methylimidazolium, 2-methylimidazolium, benzimidazole, histidine, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium salt, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salt; The concentration of corrosion inhibitor B in the electrolyte is 5~30 g / L.

5. The air battery electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of hydroxide ions in the alkaline solution is 2-8 mol / L; the alkaline solution includes potassium hydroxide solution and / or sodium hydroxide solution.

6. The air battery electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte has localized high-concentration regions and low-concentration regions, with the high-concentration regions being uniformly distributed within the low-concentration regions.

7. A method for preparing an air battery electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Mix the alkaline solution and the solvation regulating salt, then add the diluent, corrosion inhibitor A and corrosion inhibitor B in sequence and mix to obtain the final product.

8. The application of the air battery electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: As an electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries.

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