Antenna module and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna module and an electronic device. The antenna module comprises: a shield cover configured with a cavity with a radiation opening on one side; a circuit board comprising a conductive layer and a dielectric layer, both of which are arranged on one side of the shield cover, and the conductive layer and the dielectric layer are configured with an induction area and a first shielding area outside the shield cover; a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit, the first feeding unit is at least partially arranged in the induction area, and the output end of the first feeding unit extends to the radiation opening, the second feeding unit is arranged in the first shielding area to form shielding for the second feeding unit, and the output end of the second feeding unit extends to the radiation opening; the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are fed in phase and with equal amplitude.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to an antenna module and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the advent of the information age, mobile terminals have become an integral part of human life, serving as a medium and window for people to communicate with the outside world. As the functions of mobile terminals change rapidly, the design of mobile terminal antennas also faces more and greater challenges.

[0003] Currently, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is an indicator that measures the power density of electromagnetic waves absorbed by the human body; it is also known as the absorption ratio or specific absorption rate. High SAR values ​​may pose potential health hazards, such as thermal effects and tissue damage. Therefore, reducing SAR from an antenna design perspective is an important research topic for mobile terminal products. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to provide an antenna module and electronic device to solve the problem that high SAR values ​​in current mobile terminals can easily cause potential harm to human health.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application propose an antenna module, comprising:

[0007] The shielding cover has a cavity with a radiation port on one side;

[0008] A circuit board includes a conductive layer and a dielectric layer, both of which are disposed on one side of a shield. The conductive layer and the dielectric layer form a sensing area and a first shielding area on the outside of the shield.

[0009] A first power supply unit and a second power supply unit, wherein the first power supply unit is at least partially disposed in the sensing area and the output end of the first power supply unit extends to the radiation port, and the second power supply unit is disposed in the first shielding area to form a shield for the second power supply unit, and the output end of the second power supply unit extends to the radiation port;

[0010] The first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are fed with equal amplitude and in phase.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application propose an electronic device including the antenna module described above.

[0012] The antenna module and electronic device provided in this application embodiment construct a sensing region and a first shielding region on a circuit board including a conductive layer and a dielectric layer on the shielding cover. A first feeding unit for power supply is at least partially disposed in the sensing region, and a second feeding unit for power supply is disposed in the first shielding region. Since the output terminal of the first feeding unit extends to the radiation port, when the sensing region is triggered, the capacitance of the sensing region changes. The first feeding unit is affected by the capacitance of the sensing region, and the first shielding region shields the second feeding unit. The phase difference between the first and second feeding units changes, reducing the amplitude ratio of the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode; that is, the TE10 mode weakens, and the TE20 mode strengthens. When the sensing region is not triggered, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit maintain equal amplitude and in-phase power supply, and the phase difference between the first and second feeding units is zero. In this case, only the TE10 mode is excited, thereby allowing adjustment of the SAR value as needed.

[0013] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0015] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution in the TE10 mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution in the TE20 mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change in the amplitude of the signal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change of the signal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 8This is one of the schematic diagrams of the power supply unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a second schematic diagram of the power supply unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 10 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 11 This is one of the schematic diagrams of an electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 14 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 10. Antenna module; 20. Equipment body; 110. First feed unit; 1110. First feed line; 1120. First feed probe; 120. Second feed unit; 1210. Second feed line; 1220. Second feed probe; 130. Shielding cover; 1310. Radiation port; 140. Circuit board; 1410. Conductive layer; 14110. Notch; 1420. Dielectric layer; 14201. First dielectric layer; 14202. Second dielectric layer; 14210. First part; 14220. Second part; 1430. Sensing area; 1440. First shielding area; 1450. Grounding via; 1460. Metal layer; 1470. Second shielding area; 30. Turning component. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] The following is combined with Figures 1-14 This application describes an antenna module 10 and an electronic device provided according to embodiments thereof.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the antenna module 10 provided in this embodiment includes: a shielding cover 130, a circuit board 140, a first feeding unit 110, and a second feeding unit 120. The shielding cover 130 has a cavity with a radiation port 1310 on one side. The circuit board 140 is a printed circuit board (PCB), which includes a conductive layer 1410 and a dielectric layer 1420. Both the conductive layer 1410 and the dielectric layer 1420 are disposed on one side of the shielding cover 130. The conductive layer 1410 and the dielectric layer 1420 form a sensing region 1430 and a first shielding region 1440 on the outside of the shielding cover 130. The first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 operate by feeding and exciting the cavity. The first feeding unit 110 is at least partially disposed in the sensing region 1430, and the output terminal of the first feeding unit 110 extends to the radiation port 1310. Correspondingly, the second feed unit 120 is disposed in the first shielding region 1440 to form a shield for the second feed unit 120, and the output terminal of the second feed unit 120 extends to the radiation port 1310. Since the first feed unit 110 is disposed in the sensing region 1430, it is easily affected by the approach or contact of external objects, while the second feed unit 120 is in the first shielding region 1440 and is less susceptible to external interference. When the sensing region 1430 is triggered by the approach or contact of an external object, the first feed unit 110 is affected by the human body's proximity on the signal line amplitude and phase, the phase difference between the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 changes, the amplitude ratio of the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode decreases, that is, the TE10 mode weakens and the TE20 mode strengthens. When the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 maintain equal amplitude and in phase feeding. The phase difference between the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 is zero. The amplitude ratio between the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode is infinite, that is, the TE20 mode does not exist. At this time, only the TE10 mode is excited.

[0036] Specifically, during operation, when the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 maintain equal amplitude and in-phase feeding, with zero phase difference. The amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode is infinite, meaning TE20 mode does not exist, and only TE10 mode is present. When a reduction in SAR value is needed, the user can contact the sensing area 1430. The capacitance of the sensing area 1430 changes, affecting the first feed unit 110. This alters the phase difference between the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120, reducing the amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode. This means TE10 mode weakens and TE20 mode strengthens, allowing adjustment of the SAR value as needed. When the amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode is 0, meaning TE10 mode does not exist, and only TE20 mode is present, only TE20 mode is available. Since TE10 does not reduce SAR, while TE20 can significantly reduce SAR, thus significantly reducing SAR values.

[0037] The antenna module provided in this application embodiment uses a circuit board 140, including a conductive layer 1410 and a dielectric layer 1420, on a shielding cover 130 to construct a sensing region 1430 and a first shielding region 1440 on the shielding cover 130. Accordingly, a first feeding unit 110 for feeding is at least partially disposed in the sensing region 1430, and a second feeding unit 120 for feeding is disposed in the first shielding region 1440. Since the output terminal of the first feeding unit 110 extends to the radiation port 1310, when the sensing region 1430 is triggered, the capacitance of the sensing region 1430 changes, and the first feeding unit 110 is affected by the capacitance of the sensing region 1430. At the same time, the first shielding region 1440 always shields the second feeding unit 120, thereby exciting the TE10 mode. When the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the capacitance of the sensing area recovers, and the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 maintain equal amplitude and in phase feeding. The output terminal of the second feeding unit 120 extends to the radiation port 1310, so that when the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 can reduce the excited TE10 mode in the cavity, thereby significantly reducing the SAR value.

[0038] It should be noted that, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the shield 130 is a cavity encased in metal, with air or other non-metallic media filling its interior. The shield 130 is a rectangular cavity with a small z-axis dimension. When the radiation port is a surface in the +x direction, the electric field mode of the radiation port 1310 mainly depends on the electric or magnetic field distribution in the y and z directions.

[0039] Currently, the two most commonly used modes for this type of rectangular cavity are the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode (note: in the TEmn mode, m represents the number of half-waves of the electric field distribution in the y-direction of the radiation port, and n represents the number of half-waves of the electric field distribution in the z-direction of the radiation port), and their electric field distribution is as follows. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the dashed arrows represent electric field vectors, and the density of the arrows indicates the strength of the electric field. In the TE10 mode, the electric field along the z-direction is unidirectional, with the strongest electric field in the center of the radiating aperture and the weakest on both sides of aperture 1310. In the TE20 mode, the electric field along the z-direction has two directions: one on the left half and one on the right half of aperture 1310. The electric field is weakest in the center and on both sides of aperture 1310. Because the electric field at aperture 1310 is unidirectional in the TE10 mode, its environmental loss is lower than that of the TE20 mode, resulting in higher radiation efficiency and SAR. Conversely, the TE20 mode has lower radiation efficiency and lower SAR. Therefore, to reduce SAR, it is necessary to switch from the TE10 mode to the TE20 mode.

[0040] Therefore, this application provides at least a portion of the first power supply unit 110 for power supply in the sensing region 1430, and the second power supply unit 120 for power supply in the first shielding region 1440. The output end of the first power supply unit 110 is extended to the radiation port 1310, and the output end of the second power supply unit 120 is extended to the radiation port 1310.

[0041] Under the condition of equal amplitude but different phase excitation, the signal output by the first feed unit 110 is expressed as follows: (Where A represents the signal amplitude, and the value after j represents the phase, i.e.) The signal of the second feed unit 120 is related to that of the first feed unit 110. Phase difference, The range of values ​​is [-π, π], so it is represented as The signal in the complex field is represented by decomposition.

[0042] The feed signal of the first feed unit 110 can be expressed as:

[0043]

[0044] The feed signal of the second feed unit 120 can be expressed as:

[0045]

[0046] Based on the complex domain geometric decomposition process of the signals from the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120, when the sensing region 1430 is not triggered, the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 are fed in phase, and the component of the first feed unit 110... The components of the second feed unit 120 This triggered the TE10 mode, the amplitude of which was...

[0047] When the sensing area 1430 is triggered, the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 are fed in reverse, and the component of the first feeding unit 110... The components of the second feed unit 120 This incentivized the TE20 model, with a magnitude of

[0048] The amplitude ratio of the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode is Therefore, it can be seen that when the phase difference between the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 is... When the amplitude is 0, the amplitude ratio of the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode is infinite, meaning the TE20 mode does not exist, and only the TE10 mode exists; when the phase difference between the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 is 0, the amplitude ratio of the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode is infinite. When the value is π, the amplitude ratio of the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode is 0, which means that the TE10 mode does not exist, and only the TE20 mode exists.

[0049] Under the condition of in-phase unequal amplitude excitation, assuming the feed signal of the first feed unit 110 is... The feed signal for the second feed unit 120 is Similarly, these two feed signals are represented separately.

[0050] The feed signal of the first feed unit 110 can be expressed as:

[0051]

[0052] The feed signal of the second feed unit 120 can be expressed as:

[0053]

[0054] When the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the component of the first power supply unit 110 The components of the second feed unit 120 It can stimulate the TE10 mode, with a mode amplitude of

[0055] When the sensing area 1430 is triggered, the component of the first feeding unit 110... The components of the second feed unit 120 It can stimulate the TE20 mode, with a mode amplitude of As can be seen from the amplitude of the mode, the TE20 mode does not exist as long as the amplitudes of the first power supply unit 110 and the second power supply unit 120 are the same.

[0056] In summary, the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 can only excite a pure TE10 mode when they are completely equal in amplitude and phase. If either the amplitude or the phase difference is inconsistent, the TE20 mode may be excited. Therefore, to minimize SAR, the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 are preferably equal in amplitude and phase. When the sensing region 1430 is not triggered, the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 maintain completely equal in amplitude and phase during feeding. When the sensing region 1430 is triggered, the TE20 mode can be excited.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the conductive layer 1410 and the dielectric layer 1420 form a sensing region 1430 on the shield 130. The sensing region 1430 adopts an open-structure capacitor. An open-structure capacitor refers to a structure with capacitive characteristics formed by macroscopic physical stacking. Its capacitance value is greatly affected by the medium in the environment. When the medium in the environment changes, its capacitance characteristics also change. This open-structure capacitor only requires two non-electrically connected metals to form a capacitor. As long as the capacitor is not wrapped with metal for shielding, its capacitance characteristics are easily affected by the environment. When no human body is near, the original capacitance is C0. When a human body is near, the equivalent dielectric constant around the capacitor increases, and the capacitance becomes C. body The capacitance is different in the two cases.

[0058] In one example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dielectric layer 1420 is disposed on one side of the shielding cover 130. The dielectric layer 1420 has a first portion 14210 and a second portion 14220. The first portion 14210 is located on the left side of the top of the shielding cover 130, and the second portion 14220 is located on the right side of the top of the shielding cover 130. The shielding cover 130 is made of metal. The circuit board 140 is located directly above the cavity portion. The PCB portion includes both the power supply traces of the cavity and the shielding cover 130, which acts as a metal surface of the cavity. Because the shielding cover 130 needs to be surrounded by metal on five sides, one side is not surrounded by metal for radiation. The conductive layer 1410 is electrically connected to the metal layer 1460 on the top surface of the shielding cover 130 through a grounding via 1450. The conductive layer 1410 is disposed on the first portion 14210, and the second portion 14220 forms an induction area 1430 on the shielding cover 130. The first portion 14210 between the conductive layer 1410 and the shielding cover 130 forms a first shielding area 1440.

[0059] At this time, the first power supply unit 110 is completely disposed on or in the second part 14220 of the dielectric layer 1420, and the second power supply unit 120 is completely disposed in the first part 14210 of the dielectric layer 1420. The second power supply unit 120 is located between the conductive layer 1410 and the shield 130.

[0060] When no human body is near and the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the capacitance is C0, and the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 are excited to the TE10 mode. At this time, the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 normally output the amplitude and phase of the signal.

[0061] When a human body approaches and the sensing area 1430 is triggered (or about to come into contact), the capacitance is C. body The second feeding unit 120, being located in the first shielding area 1440, is unaffected by capacitance changes, while the first feeding unit 110 is affected by capacitance changes, impacting both the signal amplitude and phase. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, as a human body approaches, the amplitude on the first feed unit 110 decreases, and the phase also changes due to the approach of the human body. At this time, the first feed unit 110 is affected, the phase difference between the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 changes, the amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode decreases, that is, TE10 mode weakens and TE20 mode strengthens, which can reduce the SAR value.

[0062] It should be noted that the first feed unit 110 is entirely disposed on the second part 14220 of the dielectric layer 1420, which omits an inner layer feed trace compared to its placement within the second part 14220. This is because changing from a structural capacitor feed trace to an inner layer feed trace requires drilling holes in the second part 14220 to convert the surface layer trace into an inner layer trace. This drilling structure generally results in significant losses and has a certain impact on antenna efficiency. Omitting this structure avoids this efficiency sacrifice.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, since some inner layer feed traces are omitted, the sensing area 1430 and the radiation port 1310 are basically adjacent. This is because a human body can be sensed by the structural capacitance sensing area when approaching from the side, which can improve the SAR reduction effect and reduce the impact of the antenna on the human body when approaching from the side.

[0064] In another embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the conductive layer 1410 has a notch 14110. The conductive layer 1410 is electrically connected to the metal layer 1460 on the top surface of the shield 130 through a grounding via 1450. The projection of the notch 14110 on the dielectric layer 1420 corresponds to the second part 14220. The second part 14220 forms an induction area 1430 at the notch 14110. The first part 14210 between the conductive layer 1410 and the shield 130 simultaneously forms a first shielding area 1440 and a second shielding area 1470.

[0065] In this embodiment, a portion of the first power supply unit 110 is disposed in the sensing region 1430, and another portion of the first power supply unit 110 is disposed in the second shielding region 1470. The second power supply unit 120 is completely disposed in the first portion 14210 (first shielding region 1440) of the dielectric layer 1420, and the second power supply unit 120 is located between the conductive layer 1410 and the shielding cover 130.

[0066] When no human body is near and the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the capacitance is C0, and the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 are excited to the TE10 mode. At this time, the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 normally output the amplitude and phase of the signal.

[0067] When a human body approaches and the sensing area 1430 is triggered (or about to come into contact), the capacitance is C. body Since the second power supply unit 120 is located in the first shielding area 1440, it is not affected by the capacitance change. However, the part of the first power supply unit 110 located in the sensing area 1430 is affected by the capacitance change, which affects the amplitude and phase of the signal. The amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode decreases, that is, TE10 mode weakens and TE20 mode strengthens, thereby reducing the SAR value as needed.

[0068] When it is necessary to reduce the impact of the sensing area 1430 on SAR, the second shielding area 1470 can be set on the side of the dielectric layer 1420 closer to the radiation port 1310, and the sensing area 1430 can be set on the side of the dielectric layer 1420 away from the radiation port 1310. That is, the second shielding area 1470 is provided between the sensing area 1430 and the radiation port 1310, separating the sensing area 1430 from the radiation port 1310, which can prevent energy from being concentrated in one area and reduce the impact of the human body on SAR.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, both the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 include interconnected feeding wires and feeding probes. The feeding wire of the first feeding unit 110 is at least partially disposed in the sensing region 1430, and the feeding probe of the first feeding unit 110 extends to the radiation port 1310; the feeding wire of the second feeding unit 120 is disposed in the first shielding region 1440, and the feeding probe of the second feeding unit 120 extends to the radiation port 1310.

[0070] Specifically, the first feeding unit 110 includes a first feeding wire 1110 and a first feeding probe 1120. At least a portion of the first feeding wire 1110 is disposed in the sensing area 1430, meaning that only a portion of the first feeding wire 1110 needs to be disposed in the sensing area 1430. When a human body approaches, the amplitude and phase of the signal on it are changed. The first feeding probe 1120 passes through the shielding cover 130 and is disposed in the radiation port 1310. The second feeding unit 120 includes a second feeding wire 1210 and a second feeding probe 1220. The second feeding wire 1210 is disposed in the first shielding area 1440, and the second feeding probe 1220 passes through the shielding cover 130 and is disposed in the radiation port 1310.

[0071] Under normal circumstances, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first feed line 1110 is completely disposed on or within the second portion 14220 of the dielectric layer 1420, and the second feed line 1210 is completely disposed within the first portion 14210 of the dielectric layer 1420. When it is necessary to reduce the impact of the capacitor on the feed line, the first feed line 1110 can be partially disposed in the second shielding area 1470.

[0072] To minimize SAR, the feed probes of the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120 are symmetrically arranged along the centerline of the radiation port 1310. That is, the first feed probe 1120 and the second feed probe 1220 are symmetrical about the centerline of the cavity radiation port 1310. Thus, when the first feed probe 1120 and the second feed probe 1220 are fed in opposite phase, the SAR value can be reduced as much as possible.

[0073] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in order to achieve equal amplitude and in-phase output of the first power supply unit 110 and the second power supply unit 120, the first power supply unit 110 and the second power supply unit 120 can adopt a single input, thereby achieving equal amplitude and in-phase power distribution of the signal.

[0074] If an inner-layer power supply is required, such as Figure 10As shown, the dielectric layer 1420 includes a first dielectric layer 14201 and a second dielectric layer 14202. The first dielectric layer 14201, the conductive layer 1410, and the second dielectric layer 14202 are sequentially stacked on one side of the shielding cover 130. The conductive layer 1410 is electrically connected to the shielding cover 130. The second dielectric layer 14202 forms a sensing region 1430 on the conductive layer 1410. The first dielectric layer 14201 between the conductive layer 1410 and the shielding cover 130 forms a first shielding region 1440. The first power supply unit 110 is completely disposed on the sensing region 1430 formed by the second dielectric layer 14202, and can be affected when a human body approaches. The second power supply unit 120 is disposed in the first dielectric layer 14201 between the conductive layer 1410 and the shielding cover 130, thereby ensuring that the second power supply unit 120 is completely unaffected by the approach of a human body.

[0075] This application also provides an electronic device, such as Figures 11 to 14 As shown, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, e-reader, tablet computer, or other electronic product. The electronic device includes an antenna module 10. The antenna module 10 includes a shielding cover 130, a circuit board 140, a first feeding unit 110, and a second feeding unit 120. The shielding cover 130 has a cavity with a radiation port 1310 on one side. The circuit board 140 includes a conductive layer 1410 and a dielectric layer 1420, both disposed on one side of the shielding cover 130. The conductive layer 1410 and the dielectric layer 1420 form a sensing region 1430 and a first shielding region 1440 on the shielding cover 130. The first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 operate by feeding the cavity. The first feeding unit 110 is at least partially disposed in the sensing region 1430, and the output terminal of the first feeding unit 110 extends to the radiation port 1310. Correspondingly, the second feed unit 120 is disposed in the first shielded area 1440, and the output end of the second feed unit 120 extends to the radiation port 1310. Since the first feed unit 110 is disposed in the sensing area 1430, it is highly susceptible to contact interference, while the second feed unit 120 is located in the first shielded area 1440, making it less susceptible to external interference. When the sensing area 1430 is triggered by an external object approaching or touching it, the first feed unit 110 is affected by the human body's proximity on the signal amplitude and phase, causing a change in the phase difference between the first feed unit 110 and the second feed unit 120. This reduces the amplitude ratio of the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode, meaning the TE10 mode weakens and the TE20 mode strengthens. When the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 maintain equal amplitude and in phase feeding. The phase difference between the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 is zero. The amplitude ratio between the TE10 mode and the TE20 mode is infinite, that is, the TE20 mode does not exist. At this time, only the TE10 mode is excited.

[0076] During operation, when the sensing area 1430 is not triggered, the first feeding unit 110 and the second feeding unit 120 maintain equal amplitude and in-phase feeding, with zero phase difference between them. The amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode is infinite, meaning TE20 mode does not exist, and only TE10 mode is activated. When a reduction in SAR value is needed, the user can touch the sensing area 1430. The capacitance of the first feeding unit 110 changes, altering the phase difference between the two feeding units. This reduces the amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode, weakening TE10 mode and strengthening TE20 mode, thus allowing adjustment of the SAR value as needed. When the amplitude ratio of TE10 mode and TE20 mode is 0, meaning TE10 mode does not exist, only TE20 mode is active. Since TE10 does not reduce SAR, while TE20 significantly reduces SAR, the SAR value can be significantly reduced.

[0077] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device also includes: a device body 20, an antenna module 10 disposed in the device body 20, a sensing area 1430 located on one side (generally the back) of the device body 20, and a radiation port 1310 located on the other side (generally the side) of the device body 20.

[0078] In one specific embodiment, the sensing area 1430 is located on the back of the device body 20, and the radiation port 1310 is located on the side of the device body 20. When a human body approaches the back of the device body 20 (for example, when the device is placed on the thigh or put into a clothing pocket), the sensing area 1430 senses the approach of the human body, and the signal at that location undergoes an amplitude and phase change. The radiation port 1310 generates the TE20 mode, thereby reducing SAR and reducing the impact on the human body.

[0079] Because the sensing area 1430 is located on the back of the device body 20 and the radiation port 1310 is located on the side of the device body 20, when a human body approaches from the side of the device body 20, the sensing area 1430 may not be able to fully detect the human body, thus failing to produce a SAR reduction effect, which can have a significant impact on the human body. To solve the above problem, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the electronic device also includes: a device body 20, an antenna module 10 disposed in the device body 20, and a sensing area 1430 and a radiation port 1310 located on the same side of the device body 20.

[0080] In one specific embodiment, the sensing area 1430 and the radiating port 1310 are both located on the back of the device body 20. When a human body approaches the back of the device body 20 (e.g., the device is placed on the thigh or put in a clothing pocket), the sensing area 1430 senses the approaching human body, and the signal at that location undergoes an amplitude and phase change. The radiating port 1310 generates the TE20 mode, thereby reducing SAR and minimizing the impact on the human body. When a human body approaches from the side of the device body 20, the radiating port 1310 is not directly facing the human body, so there is no need to reduce SAR.

[0081] To achieve the co-location of the sensing area 1430 and the radiation port 1310 on the same side, the electronic device further includes a steering member 30. The steering member 30 has a guide channel, one end of which communicates with the radiation port 1310. The other end of the sensing area 1430 and the guide channel are located on the same side of the device body 20. That is, the guide channel connects the radiation port 1310 to the surface of the device body 20. In this case, the sensing area 1430 and the radiation port 1310 can be simultaneously located on the back of the device body 20, thereby significantly reducing the SAR value when a human body approaches from the side of the device body 20.

[0082] It should be noted that traditional SAR reduction schemes primarily rely on detecting human proximity. Generally, a trigger distance S is set; if the distance between the human and the antenna is greater than S, SAR is not triggered; if the distance is less than S, the device reduces conducted power. This results in a sharp drop in the antenna's total radiated power (TRP) when the distance is less than S, leading to a significant sacrifice in antenna efficiency. However, the antenna module 10 used in this application has a smoother relationship between TRP and distance, avoiding this sharp drop and thus avoiding the significant efficiency loss of traditional schemes. Specifically, this application offers the following advantages over traditional SAR reduction schemes: Compared to traditional SAR reduction schemes, it can achieve SAR reduction without introducing new detection hardware modules, reducing SAR while lowering costs. Furthermore, it can achieve adaptive SAR reduction without requiring software adjustments to conducted parameters, reducing software implementation costs. Additionally, it can refine the scene of human proximity, mitigating the antenna efficiency loss caused by insufficient differentiation of human proximity scenes in traditional schemes.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0084] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, include: The shielding cover has a cavity with a radiation port on one side; A circuit board includes a conductive layer and a dielectric layer, both of which are disposed on one side of a shield. The conductive layer and the dielectric layer form a sensing area and a first shielding area on the outside of the shield. A first power supply unit and a second power supply unit, wherein the first power supply unit is at least partially disposed in the sensing area and the output end of the first power supply unit extends to the radiation port; the second power supply unit is disposed in the first shielding area to form a shield for the second power supply unit, and the output end of the second power supply unit extends to the radiation port. The first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are fed with equal amplitude and in phase.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric layer is disposed on one side of the shield, the dielectric layer has a first part and a second part, the conductive layer is electrically connected to the shield, the conductive layer is disposed on the first part, the second part forms the sensing area on the shield, and the first part between the conductive layer and the shield forms the first shielding area.

3. The antenna module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conductive layer has a notch, the projection of the notch on the dielectric layer corresponds to the second part, the second part forms the sensing area at the notch, the first part between the conductive layer and the shield forms the first shielding area and the second shielding area, a part of the first power supply unit is disposed in the sensing area, and another part of the first power supply unit is disposed in the second shielding area.

4. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second shielding area is located on the side of the dielectric layer closer to the radiation port, and the sensing area is located on the side of the dielectric layer away from the radiation port.

5. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric layer includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer, the conductive layer, and the second dielectric layer are stacked sequentially on one side of the shield. The conductive layer is electrically connected to the shield. The second dielectric layer forms the sensing area on the conductive layer. The first dielectric layer between the conductive layer and the shield forms the first shielding area.

6. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit include: a feeding wire and a feeding probe that are connected to each other; The feed wire of the first feed unit is at least partially disposed in the sensing area, and the feed probe of the first feed unit extends to the radiation port; The feed wire of the second feed unit is disposed in the first shielding area, and the feed probe of the second feed unit extends to the radiation port.

7. The antenna module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feed probe of the first feed unit and the feed probe of the second feed unit are symmetrically arranged along the centerline of the radiation port length direction.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The antenna module as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes: a device body, the antenna module being disposed in the device body, the sensing area being located on one side of the device body, and the radiation port being located on the other side of the device body.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes: a device body, the antenna module being disposed in the device body, and the sensing area and the radiation port being located on the same side of the device body.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a steering component, which has a guide channel. One end of the guide channel is connected to the radiation port, and the sensing area and the other end of the guide channel are located on the same side of the device body.

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