A method of installing a fence on a spherical bulkhead

Abstract

The application discloses a welding method for installing a fence on a spherical bulkhead, and belongs to the technical field of submarine structure manufacturing. The method solves the technical problem that the precision is difficult to control in the process of asymmetric welding of the fence on the spherical bulkhead in the prior art. The welding method comprises the following steps: setting a reference plane above the spherical bulkhead and establishing a reference coordinate system; marking a reference coordinate point of the fence in the reference coordinate system; projecting the reference coordinate point to the outer surface of the spherical bulkhead to obtain an installation coordinate point; installing the fence to the installation coordinate point; and welding the fence and the spherical bulkhead.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of submarine structure manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a welding method for installing railings on spherical bulkheads. Background Technology

[0002] Submarine end bulkheads are generally classified into two structural forms: spherical bulkheads and planar bulkheads. The quality of the corner joints of the railings on the end bulkheads has a crucial impact on the structural strength of the submarine and the installation accuracy of the railings. The welding method for railings on planar bulkhead structures typically includes the following steps: 1. Electric heating preheating; 2. Selecting welding parameters with low speed and low current according to specifications; 3. Layered and segmented symmetrical welding; 4. Post-weld heat treatment, etc., to control welding accuracy and thus ensure the installation precision of the railings.

[0003] However, when installing fencing on spherical bulkheads, the large curvature of the bulkheads can lead to issues such as uneven curvature, asymmetrical welding positions, and welding deformation when the fencing is not installed perpendicular to the spherical surface. These factors result in poor welding accuracy, difficulty in controlling the verticality and centerline alignment of the fencing, and consequently, challenges in installing equipment on the fencing. Existing technologies present a technical problem in controlling the precision during asymmetrical welding of fencing on spherical bulkheads. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of difficulty in controlling precision during asymmetric welding of fencing on spherical bulkheads, this application provides a method for welding fencing on spherical bulkheads.

[0005] In a first aspect of this application, a welding method for installing a fence on a spherical bulkhead is provided, comprising the following steps: setting a reference plane above the spherical bulkhead and establishing a reference coordinate system; marking reference coordinate points of the fence in the reference coordinate system; projecting the reference coordinate points onto the outer surface of the spherical bulkhead to obtain installation coordinate points; installing the fence to the installation coordinate points; and welding the fence to the spherical bulkhead.

[0006] The steps for setting a reference plane above the spherical bulkhead and establishing a reference coordinate system are as follows: setting a positioning reference line on the reference plane, the positioning reference line being the coordinate axis of the reference coordinate system; setting a positioning datum line on the spherical bulkhead; and setting the projection of the positioning reference line on the spherical bulkhead to coincide with the positioning datum line.

[0007] The positioning reference line is the cross center line of the spherical bulkhead.

[0008] Set up height gauges and establish height baselines.

[0009] The step of installing the fence to the installation coordinate point includes: setting a fixing hole at the installation coordinate point; and setting the fence in the fixing hole.

[0010] The fence is multiple, and the step of welding the fence to the spherical bulkhead includes: welding the multiple fences into a grid structure; and welding each fence to the spherical bulkhead respectively.

[0011] The step of welding multiple fences into a grid structure includes: installing temporary reinforcement structures on each fence; and welding several fences together in a group, with each group of fences welded together to form a frame. The steps of welding each of the fences to the spherical bulkhead include: dividing the welding area of ​​each fence into welding areas and welding segments; welding the fences using a symmetrical welding method according to the divided welding areas and welding segments; and performing post-weld processing.

[0012] The sequence of welding each of the fences to the spherical bulkhead includes: welding the fences in order from near to far from the center of the spherical bulkhead; and welding the concave side of the spherical bulkhead after welding the convex side.

[0013] The post-weld treatment includes removing the temporary reinforcement structure and frame; cleaning and grinding the weld; and non-destructive testing of the weld.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention achieves precise positioning by drawing positioning reference lines on the welding platform and positioning standard lines on the spherical bulkhead, so that the positioning reference lines and positioning standard lines coincide; a tooling support net is set up to prevent the overall collapse of the fence during the welding process; tooling connecting plates are set up and tooling support steel is used to connect the fence to form a frame, thereby avoiding deformation and displacement during the welding process; and a partitioned, segmented, and symmetrical welding method is adopted to reduce damage during the welding process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the welding method for mounting railings on a spherical bulkhead provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the welding platform in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling support mesh structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling reinforcement device; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tooling frame; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the welding sequence of the fence.

[0016] In the above attached figures: 1. Welding platform; 2. Spherical bulkhead; 3. Marking template platform; 4. Height template; 5. Fence; 6. Tooling reinforcing elbow plate; 7. Tooling support steel; 8. Tooling connecting plate; 9. First area; 10. Second area; 11. Third area; 12. Fourth area; 13. Welding section; 14. Tooling support mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 The first aspect of this application provides a welding method for installing fences on a spherical bulkhead, comprising: setting a reference plane above the spherical bulkhead 2 and establishing a reference coordinate system; projecting the reference coordinate points onto the outer surface of the spherical bulkhead 2 to obtain installation coordinate points, specifically by setting a support frame on a welding platform 1 and placing the spherical bulkhead 2 with its convex surface facing upward on the support frame; drawing the positioning reference line on the welding platform 1; setting a scribing template platform 3 directly above the spherical bulkhead 2; drawing the installation coordinate points of each fence 5 on the outer surface of the spherical bulkhead 2; erecting a tooling support net 14 corresponding to the position of the fence 5 at the segmented ribs of the spherical bulkhead 2; installing the fence 5 to the installation coordinate points; and welding the fence 5 to the spherical bulkhead 2. Through the above steps, the reference coordinate points marked in the reference coordinate system are obtained in a one-to-one correspondence manner, thereby achieving accurate positioning of the installation position of the fence 5 on the spherical bulkhead 2, and improving welding quality and welding accuracy by adopting the method of installation before welding.

[0019] In some embodiments, the steps of setting a reference plane above the spherical bulkhead 2 and establishing a reference coordinate system are as follows: setting a positioning reference line on the reference plane, the positioning reference line being the coordinate axis of the reference coordinate system; setting a positioning reference line on the spherical bulkhead 2; setting the projection of the positioning reference line on the spherical bulkhead 2 to coincide with the positioning reference line, and determining the spatial position of the spherical bulkhead 2 by the mutual coincidence of the positioning reference line and the positioning reference line.

[0020] In some embodiments, the positioning reference line is the cross center line of the spherical bulkhead 2, which is simple to draw and provides accurate positioning.

[0021] In some embodiments, a height gauge is set up to establish a height baseline.

[0022] In some embodiments, there are multiple fences 5, and the steps of connecting the fences 5 to the spherical bulkhead 2 include: welding the multiple fences 5 into a grid structure; and welding each fence 5 to the spherical bulkhead 2 respectively.

[0023] In some embodiments, the step of installing the fence 5 to the installation coordinate point includes: setting a fixing hole at the installation coordinate point; determining the opening position by drawing an opening line; and making radial deviation supplementary measurement points of the fence 5 near the opening line for welding positioning after welding installation. The opening line and the radial deviation supplementary measurement points of the fence 5 are drawn using a telescopic scriber. Drawing the opening line and the radial deviation supplementary measurement points of the fence 5 on the spherical bulkhead 2 using a telescopic scriber is more accurate and convenient. The fence 5 is positioned in the fixing hole. The fixing hole allows for initial installation and positioning of the fence 5, preparing for subsequent installation. The preparation steps for installing the fence 5 include: machining the welding bevel according to welding requirements; measuring the required allowance at the inner edge and end face of the fence 5; and, based on the actual allowance at the front end face of the fence 5, using the inspection line on the height template 4 as a reference, positioning the welding collapse deformation compensation amount; using matching welding rods on the back of the welding bevel and evenly distributing several tack welds around the perimeter of the fence 5, typically 20-30mm long per section, and distributing 12-16 tack welds evenly around the fence 5. The welding length of each section is determined based on the engineering conditions; currently, a commonly used welding length is 20-30mm. Preheating is required before tack welding. Through these steps, the assembly of the fence 5 becomes more precise, avoiding errors caused by allowances during welding.

[0024] In some embodiments, the step of welding multiple fences 5 into a grid structure includes: installing a temporary reinforcing structure on each fence 5, the temporary reinforcing structure being a tooling reinforcing elbow plate 6, the tooling reinforcing elbow plate 6 being sheet-shaped, and the number of tooling reinforcing elbow plates 6 being several, the several reinforcing elbow plates being welded to the outer edge of the fence 5. Figure 3 In this system, four tooling reinforcing elbow plates 6 are symmetrically distributed. The tooling reinforcing elbow plates 6 are installed at the bow and stern ends of each fence 5, and tooling connecting plates 8 are welded to the bow side of the fence 5. Several fences 5 are grouped together, and tooling support steel 7 is welded to each other on the tooling connecting plates 8 of several fences 5 in the same group to form a frame. Workers can adjust the number and position of the tooling reinforcing elbow plates 6 according to the site conditions to avoid the fence 5 shifting during welding, making the installation process more stable. In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6The step of welding each of the fences 5 to the spherical bulkhead 2 includes: dividing the welding area of ​​each fence 5 into welding regions and welding segments 13. By setting welding regions, the stability of the welding process can be controlled, and welding deviations can be easily controlled. Specifically, each fence 5 welding region is divided into four welding regions of equal size and the same shape. The four welding regions are, in a counterclockwise direction, the first region 9, the second region 10, the third region 11, and the fourth region 12. During the welding process, two welders simultaneously weld the first region 9 and the third region 11 respectively. After the first region 9 and the third region 11 are welded, the two welders simultaneously weld the second region 10 and the fourth region 12. Each welding region is divided into several welding segments 13. The welding direction of the first region 9 and the third region 11 is counterclockwise, and the welding direction of the second region 10 and the fourth region 12 is clockwise. The welding sequence of different welding segments 13 in the same region is opposite to the welding direction of that welding region. Figure 6 As shown, the first area 9, the second area 10, the third area 11, and the fourth area 12 are divided into upper left, upper right, lower right, and lower left sections. Each welding area is divided into five welding segments 13. The number of welding segments 13 can be adjusted by the workers according to the specific tooling and welding techniques. When the workers start welding, welder A welds the welding segment 13 in the first area 9, and welder B welds the welding segment 131' in the third area 11. After completing the above welding, welder A welds in the order of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 in the figure, and welder B welds in the order of 1', 2', 3', 4', 5', 6', 7', 8', 9', 10' in the figure. Welders A and B are in a corresponding relationship during the welding process. When welder A welds 2, welder B welds 2'. The fence 5 is welded in a symmetrical welding manner according to the divided welding areas and welding segments 13. Post-weld processing is then performed.

[0025] In some embodiments, the order of welding each of the fences 5 to the spherical bulkhead 2 includes: welding the fences 5 in order from near to far from the center of the spherical bulkhead 2; welding the concave side of the spherical bulkhead 2 after the convex side welding is completed; after the convex side welding is completed, the marking template platform 3, the height template 4, and the tooling support net 14 are used to turn the entire bulkhead structure over and lift it onto the support frame, so that the segmented state of the spherical bulkhead 2 is readjusted again, and the fillet welds of the fences 5 are cleaned. After the welds are polished to a metallic luster, the welds on the concave side of the fences 5 are welded, and the welding sequence is the same as that on the convex side.

[0026] In some embodiments, the post-weld treatment includes removing the temporary reinforcing structure and frame, wherein the temporary reinforcing structure is the installation of reinforcing elbow plates; cleaning and grinding the weld; performing non-destructive testing on the weld, and after the flaw detection is qualified, adjusting the segmented state, measuring the actual position dimensions of the fence 5 after welding, and making measurement records.

[0027] In another embodiment, the objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: such as Figures 1-5As shown, a welding method for the upper railing of a spherical cabin includes the following steps: setting up a support frame on a welding platform 1 and placing the spherical cabin wall 2 with its convex surface facing upwards on the support frame; drawing the positioning reference line on the welding platform 1; setting up a scribing template platform 3 directly above the spherical cabin wall 2 and drawing the positioning standard line, wherein the positioning standard line and the positioning reference line are both crosshair center lines, making the positioning reference line and the positioning standard line coincide; erecting the height template 4 on the welding platform 1 and drawing... S1. Create inspection lines for positioning references and draw center lines for each fence 5 on the outer surface of the spherical bulkhead 2; S2. Install tooling support nets 14 corresponding to the positions of the fences 5 at the segmented ribs of the spherical bulkhead 2; S3. Draw fence opening lines and fence radial deviation supplementary measurement points according to the center lines in step S1, perform opening and pre-welding preparation according to the fence opening lines, and perform tack welding near the opening lines using segmented welding; S4. Install the fences at the bow and stern ends. Install the tooling reinforcement elbow plate 6, and weld the tooling connection plate 8 to the bow side of the fence 5. Several fences 5 are grouped together, and tooling support steel 7 is welded to each other on the tooling connection plates 8 of several fences 5 in the same group to form a frame; S5, erect a vertical support between the tooling support net 14 in step S2 and the bottom of the fence, and weld the weld seam of the fence 5 on the convex side of the spherical bulkhead 2 using a partitioned, segmented, and symmetrical welding method. After the weld seam on the convex side of the spherical bulkhead 2 is completed... Remove the marking template platform 3, the height template 4, and the tooling support net 14. Flip the spherical bulkhead 2 structure so that the concave surface of the spherical bulkhead 2 faces upward. Clean and smooth the corner weld of the fence 5. Weld the concave side of the fence 5 according to the above-mentioned partitioned, segmented, and symmetrical welding method. S6. After the weld is completed, remove the tooling reinforcing elbow plate 6, the tooling connecting plate 8, and the tooling support steel 7. Clean and repair the weld. Finally, perform non-destructive testing on the weld. Through the above method, the present invention achieves accurate positioning of the spherical bulkhead 2 by drawing positioning reference lines on the welding platform 1 and positioning standard lines on the spherical bulkhead 2, and by matching the positioning standard lines with the positioning reference lines. Simultaneously, the center lines of each fence 5 are drawn to facilitate fence positioning, solving the technical problem of poor welding accuracy caused by inaccurate positioning in the prior art. The tooling support net 14 prevents the fence 5 from collapsing during welding and also assists in fence positioning. Fence opening lines and radial deviation supplementary measurement points are drawn using the center lines. The tooling support net 14 prevents the fence 5 from collapsing during welding. The tooling connecting plate 8 and tooling support steel 7 are used to connect the fence 5 to form a frame, thereby avoiding deformation and displacement during welding. The use of partitioned, segmented, and symmetrical welding reduces damage during welding.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding method for installing railings on a spherical bulkhead, characterized in that, The welding method for installing large railings (5) on the spherical bulkhead (2) includes: A reference plane is set above the spherical bulkhead (2), and a reference coordinate system is established; A positioning reference line is set on the reference plane, and the positioning reference line is the coordinate axis of the reference coordinate system; Draw a positioning reference line on the spherical bulkhead (2) so that the projection of the positioning reference line on the spherical bulkhead (2) coincides with the positioning reference line; Mark the reference coordinate points of the fence (5) in the reference coordinate system; The reference coordinate point is projected onto the outer surface of the spherical bulkhead (2) to obtain the installation coordinate point; Install the fence (5) to the installation coordinate point; Weld the fence (5) to the spherical bulkhead (2); The fence (5) is multiple, and the step of welding the fence (5) to the spherical bulkhead (2) includes: Multiple fences (5) are welded together to form a grid structure; Each of the fences (5) is welded to the spherical bulkhead (2); The step of welding multiple of the fences (5) into a grid structure includes: Install temporary reinforcement structures on each of the aforementioned fences (5); A group of several fences (5) are welded together to form a frame; The sequence of welding each of the fences (5) to the spherical bulkhead (2) includes: Weld the fence (5) in order from near to far from the center of the spherical bulkhead (2); After the convex side of the spherical bulkhead (2) is welded, the concave side of the spherical bulkhead (2) is welded.

2. The welding method for installing a fence on a spherical bulkhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, Set up height gauges and establish height baselines.

3. The welding method for installing a fence on a spherical bulkhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of installing the fence (5) to the installation coordinate point includes: Fixing holes are provided at the installation coordinate points; The fence (5) is placed in the fixing hole.

4. The welding method for installing a fence on a spherical bulkhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of welding each of the fences (5) to the spherical bulkhead (2) respectively include: The welding area and welding section (13) are divided in the welding area of ​​each fence (5); The fence (5) is welded using a symmetrical welding method according to the divided welding areas and welding sections (13); Post-welding treatment is performed.

5. The welding method for installing a fence on a spherical bulkhead according to claim 4, characterized in that, The post-weld treatment includes: Dismantle the temporary reinforcing structure and frame; Clean and grind the weld seams; Non-destructive testing of welds.

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