Building site selection method and system based on seismic ground motion topographic effect in mountainous region

Abstract

The application discloses a mountain area building site selection method and system based on seismic ground topographic effect, relates to the mountain area building site selection field, and has the technical scheme as follows: terrain parameters of a target area are acquired; a black-and-white elevation map is generated according to the terrain parameters; a basic model is constructed, the basic model is divided into grids according to the precision of the basic model, and a first text file is output; the coordinate information of the grid nodes of the first text file is corrected according to the elevation information of the black-and-white elevation map, and a three-dimensional model of a real terrain is generated; the stiffness and damping coefficients of the grid nodes of the boundary of the three-dimensional model are calculated, the action process of seismic waves on the three-dimensional model is simulated according to the stiffness and damping coefficients of each grid node, and a three-dimensional simulation model is obtained; any kind of seismic wave is input to analyze the three-dimensional simulation model, the acceleration, velocity and displacement time history curves of all the grid nodes are extracted for analysis, the area with the weakest ground motion in the target area is determined, and the area is used as a reference area for mountain area building site selection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mountain building site selection, and more specifically, to a method and system for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects. Background Technology

[0002] The primary task of mountain architecture is to ensure the earthquake resistance of buildings. To improve the safety of mountain buildings, they must meet relevant earthquake-resistant standards, including using compliant building materials, adhering to design and construction standards, ensuring structural integrity, and employing appropriate earthquake-resistant materials. For architectural designers, it is also crucial to consider earthquake factors in the design process based on terrain characteristics and seismic risk, selecting suitable building schemes. Topographic effects are a vital basis for site selection in mountainous areas. Topographic effects refer to the influence of terrain on seismic waves as they propagate, including phenomena such as reflection, transmission, diffraction, and refraction. Considering the impact of terrain on earthquake motion propagation is essential when selecting suitable building sites in mountainous regions. First, the complex and diverse topographic features of mountainous areas can lead to varying effects on earthquake motion propagation. Second, the topographic effect of earthquake motion can also cause spatial variations in ground vibration. For example, in terrain conditions such as corners, steep slopes, and canyons, topographic amplification and reflection of seismic waves may occur, leading to increased horizontal and vertical amplitudes on the ground surface and causing stronger vibrations to the ground and buildings. In addition, regarding the topographic effects of earthquakes, isolated rocks, exposed rock walls, and other geological features are prone to geological disasters such as landslides and collapses. Therefore, these topographic features need to be carefully assessed during site selection to avoid the negative impact of buildings on the environment.

[0003] Currently, the site selection for buildings in mountainous areas does not take into account the impact of topographic effects caused by earthquakes on buildings in mountainous areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic ground motion effects. This invention obtains the actual terrain parameters of the target area, constructs a black-and-white elevation map containing the elevation information of the target area, then builds a basic model matching the target area, and divides the model into appropriate grids based on the model's accuracy to avoid decreased iterative efficiency due to unsuitable grid size. A text file containing the grid node coordinate information of the basic model is output. Combining the black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information and the text file containing the grid node coordinate information, a three-dimensional model of the actual terrain information is generated, and then the three-dimensional model is calculated. The stiffness and damping coefficients of the grid nodes at the boundary are used to simulate the interaction between seismic waves on the finite and infinite foundations of the three-dimensional model. Based on this, different types of seismic waves can be selected and input into the three-dimensional simulation model. Then, the acceleration time history curves, velocity time history curves, and displacement time history curves of the grid nodes on the surface are extracted and analyzed to determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area, which can be used as a reference area for the site selection of mountain buildings. Therefore, this invention fills the gap in the topographic effect of seismic waves on real three-dimensional terrain and provides a more effective reference for the regional site selection of mountain buildings.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic ground motion topographic effects, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the terrain parameters of the target area;

[0007] Generate a black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information of the target area based on terrain parameters;

[0008] Construct a base model that matches the building address area, divide the grid according to the accuracy of the base model, and output a first text file containing the coordinate information of the grid nodes of the base model;

[0009] Based on the elevation information of the black and white elevation map, the coordinate information of the grid nodes in the first text file is corrected to generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area.

[0010] The stiffness and damping coefficients of the grid nodes at the boundary of the 3D model are calculated in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information. Based on the stiffness and damping coefficients of each grid node, the action process of seismic waves on the 3D model is simulated to obtain the 3D simulation model.

[0011] The three-dimensional simulation model is analyzed by inputting any type of seismic wave. The acceleration time history curve, velocity time history curve, and displacement time history curve of all grid nodes in the analyzed three-dimensional simulation model are extracted and analyzed to determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area, which is used as a reference area for the site selection of mountain buildings.

[0012] In one implementation scheme, a black-and-white elevation map of the target area is generated based on terrain parameters, specifically including:

[0013] Transform the terrain parameters into a Cartesian coordinate system;

[0014] The Cartesian coordinate system is interpolated and fitted to obtain the matrix.

[0015] Transform the matrix to generate a black-and-white elevation map.

[0016] In one implementation, the terrain parameters include at least the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the building location area.

[0017] In one implementation, generating a 3D model of the real terrain of the target area includes:

[0018] Read the coordinate information of the grid nodes in the first text file and the pixel values ​​of the black and white elevation map. Correct the coordinate information of the grid nodes according to the pixel values ​​of the black and white elevation map corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes. Generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area based on the corrected coordinate information of the grid nodes and the basic model.

[0019] In one implementation, the coordinate information of grid nodes in a first text file and the pixel values ​​of the black-and-white elevation map are read. Based on the pixel values ​​of the black-and-white elevation map corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes, the coordinate information of the grid nodes is corrected. Based on the corrected coordinate information of the grid nodes and the base model, a 3D model of the real terrain of the target area is generated. Specifically:

[0020] Read the X, Y, and Z coordinate information of all grid nodes in the first text file, as well as the corresponding label information of the grid nodes;

[0021] Iterate through the pixels of the black and white elevation map to obtain multiple pixel values. Normalize the range of each pixel value to obtain the elevation parameter of each pixel value, and store the elevation parameter in a temporary list.

[0022] Based on the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate information of all grid nodes, a match is made in a temporary list to obtain the elevation parameters corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes;

[0023] Based on the maximum elevation difference of the target area, the initial height of the base model, and the ratio of the initial height of the mesh nodes to the initial height of the base model, the Z-axis coordinate information of the base model mesh nodes is corrected.

[0024] Create a second text file and write the X, Y, and Z coordinate information of the corrected grid nodes into the second text file according to the label information;

[0025] Based on the label information in the second text file, the coordinate information of the grid nodes corresponding to the basic model is corrected to generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area.

[0026] In one implementation, the basic model is constructed using finite element software.

[0027] In one implementation, the method further includes:

[0028] Extract the height values ​​of the mesh nodes corresponding to the peaks or troughs of the 3D model;

[0029] Determine the pixel value corresponding to the height value of the peak or trough based on the height value;

[0030] Construct multiple consecutive pixel intervals with peaks or troughs based on pixel values;

[0031] Based on multiple consecutive pixel intervals of peaks or troughs, the coordinate information of the corresponding mesh nodes of the 3D model is corrected respectively.

[0032] In one implementation, the stiffness of the mesh nodes of the 3D model boundary in the direction corresponding to the coordinate information includes tangential stiffness and normal stiffness.

[0033] The damping coefficients of the mesh nodes at the boundary of the 3D model are calculated in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information, including the tangential damping coefficient and the normal damping coefficient.

[0034] The formula for calculating tangential stiffness is: The formula for calculating normal stiffness is: The formula for calculating the tangential damping coefficient is ρC. s The formula for calculating the normal damping coefficient is ρC. p In the formula, α T and α N C represents the tangential and normal boundary parameters, respectively. s and C p The values ​​represent the wave velocities of S-waves and P-waves, respectively; G and ρ represent the shear modulus and density of the three-dimensional model, respectively; and R represents the distance from the seismic wave source to the boundary of the three-dimensional model.

[0035] A second aspect of this application also provides a mountain building site selection system, the system comprising:

[0036] The data acquisition module is used to acquire terrain parameters of the target area;

[0037] The data processing module generates a black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information of the target area based on terrain parameters; constructs a basic model matching the building site area; divides the grid according to the accuracy of the basic model; outputs a first text file containing the coordinate information of the grid nodes of the basic model; corrects the coordinate information of the grid nodes in the first text file according to the elevation information of the black-and-white elevation map, generating a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area; calculates the stiffness and damping coefficient of the grid nodes at the boundary of the three-dimensional model in the direction corresponding to the coordinate information, and simulates the action process of seismic waves on the three-dimensional model based on the stiffness and damping coefficient of each grid node, obtaining a three-dimensional simulation model; inputs any type of seismic wave to analyze the three-dimensional simulation model, extracts the acceleration time history curves, velocity time history curves, and displacement time history curves of all grid nodes in the analyzed three-dimensional simulation model for analysis, and determines the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area as a reference area for mountain building site selection.

[0038] In one implementation, the data processing module further includes:

[0039] The parameter conversion module is used to convert terrain parameters into a Cartesian coordinate system;

[0040] The fitting module is used to perform interpolation fitting on the Cartesian coordinate system to obtain a matrix.

[0041] The matrix transformation module is used to transform matrices to generate black-and-white elevation maps.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] This invention obtains the topographic parameters of the actual terrain of the target area, constructs a black-and-white elevation map containing the elevation information of the target area, then builds a basic model matching the target area, and divides it into appropriate grids according to the model's accuracy to avoid the decrease in iterative efficiency of the calculation process due to unsuitable grid size. It outputs a text file containing the grid node coordinate information of the basic model. Combining the black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information and the text file containing grid node coordinate information, a three-dimensional model of the actual terrain information is generated. Then, the stiffness and damping coefficients of the grid nodes at the boundary of the three-dimensional model are calculated in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information. Based on the stiffness and damping coefficients, the interaction process of seismic waves between the finite and infinite foundations of the three-dimensional model is simulated. On this basis, different types of seismic waves can be selected and input into the three-dimensional simulation model. Then, the acceleration time history curves, velocity time history curves, and displacement time history curves of the grid nodes on their surface are extracted and analyzed to determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area, serving as a reference area for the site selection of mountain buildings. Therefore, this invention fills the gap in understanding the topographic effects of seismic waves on actual three-dimensional terrain, providing a more effective reference for the site selection of mountain buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of a method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0046] Figure 2 This illustrates a schematic representation of a real mountain terrain provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a real mountain contour line provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 This invention provides a black-and-white elevation diagram of a mountainous area according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the basic model provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation model after setting boundary conditions is shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 The figure shows the acceleration contour plot after analysis of the three-dimensional simulation model provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 A comparison diagram of the acceleration changes of grid nodes A and B provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figure 10 The velocity cloud map after analysis of the three-dimensional simulation model provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0055] Figure 11 The displacement cloud map after analysis of the three-dimensional simulation model provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0056] Figure 12 A structural block diagram of a building site selection system for mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] It should be understood that terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0059] Currently, building site selection methods for mountainous areas do not consider the impact of seismic wave topographic effects on buildings in these areas. Therefore, this invention provides a method for mountainous building site selection. This method obtains the topographic parameters of the target area's actual terrain to construct a black-and-white elevation map containing the target area's elevation information. Then, a basic model matching the target area is constructed, and an appropriate grid is created based on the model's accuracy. This avoids decreased iterative efficiency due to unsuitable grid size. A text file containing the grid node coordinates of the basic model is output. Combining the black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information and the text file containing grid node coordinates, a 3D model with accurate terrain information is generated. Finally, the boundaries of the 3D model are calculated. The stiffness and damping coefficients of the grid nodes in the corresponding coordinate directions are used to simulate the interaction between seismic waves and the finite and infinite foundations of the 3D model. Based on this, different types of seismic waves can be selected and input into the 3D simulation model. Then, the acceleration time history curves, velocity time history curves, and displacement time history curves of the grid nodes on the surface are extracted and analyzed to determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area. This area serves as a reference area for the site selection of mountain buildings, filling the gap in the topographic effects of seismic waves on real 3D terrain and providing a more effective reference for the regional site selection of mountain buildings.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a flow chart of a mountain building site selection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0061] S110, obtain the terrain parameters of the target area.

[0062] In this embodiment, the target area can be a hilly area, a basin area, or other topographical features. Therefore, the topographical parameters of each target area are different, thus affecting the building site selection results in that target area. In one embodiment, the topographical parameters include at least the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the building address area. Specifically, for the topographical description of a terrain area, collecting the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the area to describe the terrain parameters of the area to characterize the terrain features of the area is a well-known technique to those skilled in the art, therefore, this embodiment will not describe it in detail.

[0063] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 To obtain a true mountain surface map, local topographic data (longitude, latitude, and altitude) was collected. A suitable area was selected, and the topographic data was converted to a Cartesian coordinate system (X, Y, Z). The topographic parameters are as follows:

[0064] [173.6990 116.9860 409.8630,……,130.3900 108.3120 388.5710。]

[0065] S120 generates a black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information of the target area based on terrain parameters.

[0066] In one embodiment, generating a black-and-white elevation map of the target area based on terrain parameters specifically includes: converting the terrain parameters into a Cartesian coordinate system; performing interpolation fitting on the Cartesian coordinate system to obtain a matrix; and converting the matrix to generate a black-and-white elevation map.

[0067] Specifically, based on the planned building site area, local topographic data (longitude, latitude, and altitude) is collected. A suitable range is selected, and the topographic parameters are converted to a Cartesian coordinate system (X, Y, Z). In Matlab, the `griddata()` function is used to interpolate and fit the topographic parameters, and the `contourf()` function is used to generate a topographic contour map. Figure 3 As shown, the pcolor() function is then used to generate a black and white elevation map, as follows. Figure 4 As shown.

[0068] Matlab software is well-known to those skilled in the art, and this embodiment will not provide a specific explanation of it.

[0069] It should be understood that the griddata() and pcolor() functions used in the above embodiments are only optional examples. Different methods can also be used, such as the linear fitting function regress(), the polynomial curve fitting function polyfit(), the polynomial curve fitting evaluation and confidence interval function polyconf(), and the robust regression function robust().

[0070] S130: Construct a base model that matches the building address area, divide the grid according to the accuracy of the base model, and output a first text file containing the coordinate information of the grid nodes of the base model.

[0071] In this embodiment, a basic model for matching building address regions is constructed based on finite element software. The basic model is a three-dimensional rectangular basic model. Accordingly, dividing the basic model into meshes is a well-known technique for those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. In addition, it can be understood that the mesh is a square mesh or a rectangular mesh.

[0072] Accordingly, those skilled in the art will understand that, since the basic model is built based on mature finite element software, the first output text file is base.inp. For example, a cube-shaped basic model with dimensions of 500m, 500m, and 50m is created in Abaqus, meshed with a precision of 10m, containing a total of 12,500 elements and 15,606 nodes. Figure 5 As shown, the first text file outputting the basic model is the base.inp file.

[0073] Furthermore, each grid has four nodes, and there are relationships between adjacent grids. For example, changes in the elevation information of the connecting nodes of adjacent grids will change the degree of tilt of the grid on the base model.

[0074] It is understandable that the plane formed by the mesh on the surface of the base model can be used as a reference plane. Under this reference plane, the elevation information of the mesh node coordinates is zero, which can also be understood as the z-axis value of the three-dimensional coordinate system being zero.

[0075] S140: Based on the elevation information of the black and white elevation map, the coordinate information of the grid nodes in the first text file is corrected to generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area.

[0076] In this embodiment, based on the content described in the above embodiments, and combined with the elevation information of black and white, the elevation information of each grid node can be corrected. As a result, the position of each grid node is at a different height on the basic model, thus making the basic model a three-dimensional model representing the real terrain of the target area.

[0077] In one embodiment, generating a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area includes: reading the coordinate information of grid nodes in a first text file and the pixel values ​​of the black-and-white elevation map; correcting the coordinate information of the grid nodes according to the pixel values ​​of the black-and-white elevation map corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes; and generating a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area according to the corrected coordinate information of the grid nodes and the base model.

[0078] For example, the node information in the base.inp file can be read using Python, and the pixel values ​​of the black and white elevation map can be read using the image() function. Based on the pixel values ​​in the black and white elevation map corresponding to the coordinates of each grid node in the base model, the Z-axis coordinate values ​​of the grid nodes can be adjusted to establish a three-dimensional model of the real three-dimensional terrain.

[0079] Specifically, Python is a computer programming language that is already very mature. This embodiment is just one optional way to illustrate how to generate a 3D model of the real terrain of the target area.

[0080] In a further embodiment, the coordinate information of grid nodes in the first text file and the pixel values ​​of the black-and-white elevation map are read. Based on the pixel values ​​of the black-and-white elevation map corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes, the coordinate information of the grid nodes is corrected. Based on the corrected coordinate information of the grid nodes and the base model, a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area is generated. Specifically:

[0081] The process involves: reading the X, Y, and Z coordinates of all grid nodes in the first text file, along with their corresponding labels; traversing the pixels of the black-and-white elevation map to obtain multiple pixel values; normalizing the range of each pixel value to obtain its elevation parameter, which is then stored in a temporary list; matching the X and Y coordinates of all grid nodes against the temporary list to obtain the corresponding elevation parameters; correcting the Z-axis coordinates of the grid nodes in the base model based on the maximum elevation difference in the target area, the initial height of the base model, and the ratio of the initial height of the grid nodes to the initial height of the base model; creating a second text file by writing the corrected X, Y, and Z coordinates of the grid nodes according to their labels; and correcting the coordinates of the corresponding grid nodes in the base model based on the labels in the second text file to generate a 3D model of the real terrain of the target area.

[0082] Specifically, the `open()` function in Python is used to read the first text file, and a `for` function is used to loop through and obtain the labels and coordinates of all grid nodes. The labels and coordinates are then stored in a `NodeList` and a `NodeDict` dictionary. Both the `NodeList` and `NodeDict` are well-known techniques to those skilled in the art.

[0083] Traverse all pixels in the black and white elevation map to obtain the range of pixel values, which is [0, 254]. After normalization, denoted as α, it is stored in a temporary list temp. Thus, the data form of the pixel value is (x, y, α).

[0084] Filter the nodes on the surface of the base model. Based on the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate information of the mesh nodes, locate the pixel values ​​in the temporary list temp that are the same as the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate information (i.e., X matches x, Y matches y) and extract the α value. Here, it should be noted that if the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate information of the mesh node does not match the corresponding pixel value information in the temporary list temp, then take the α value of the two nearest pixels to the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate information and perform interpolation calculation. The calculation result of the interpolation calculation is used as the Z-axis coordinate information of the mesh node.

[0085] The formula for calculating the Z-axis coordinate information of the corrected basic model mesh nodes is αβH+H. ori Where H represents the maximum elevation difference of the actual terrain in the target area, where H ori H is the initial height of the base model, where β is the ratio of the initial height of the mesh nodes to the initial height of the base model. i-ori / H ori After rewriting the Z-axis coordinates of all mesh nodes in the base model, store the coordinate information of the mesh nodes in the list NewCoor.

[0086] Create a second text file (new.inp file). Write the X, Y, and Z axis coordinate information of the corrected grid nodes into the new.inp file according to the label information. Write the rest of the content directly according to the relevant content of the first text file (base.inp file).

[0087] For example, the specific steps for generating a 3D model of the real terrain of the target area are as follows:

[0088] The `open()` function in Python is used to read the `base.inp` file, and a `for` loop is used to obtain the labels and coordinates of all nodes, which are then stored in a `NodeList` and a `NodeDict` dictionary.

[0089] Traverse all pixels of the black and white elevation map, obtain the R value of the image pixel with a value range of [0, 254], normalize it, record it as , and store it in a temporary list temp with the data form (x, y, α);

[0090] Filter the nodes on the surface of the basic model, locate them in the temporary list temp based on their X-axis and Y-axis coordinates, and extract their values. If the node coordinates do not have corresponding information in the list temp, then take the values ​​of the two nearest points for interpolation calculation.

[0091] Assuming a maximum elevation difference of 200m in real terrain, the Z-axis coordinates of all nodes in the model are rewritten as 200αβ+50 and stored in the list NewCoor, where H... ori H represents the original height of the model, and β is the ratio of the original height of the node to the original height of the model, i.e., H i-ori / H ori ;

[0092] Create a file named new.inp, and write the corrected node coordinate information into it according to the file rules. The remaining content is written directly according to the relevant content in base.inp. This generates a 3D model of the realistic terrain of the target area. Figure 6 As shown.

[0093] S150 calculates the stiffness and damping coefficient of the grid nodes at the boundary of the 3D model in the direction corresponding to the coordinate information, and simulates the action process of seismic waves on the 3D model based on the stiffness and damping coefficient of each grid node to obtain the 3D simulation model.

[0094] Specifically, since the basic model is constructed using finite element elements, the Spring / DashpotToGround() function can be used to set Spring / Dashpot elements for each mesh node, and the stiffness and damping coefficients corresponding to the three directions of the mesh node can be written into the set Spring / Dashpot elements, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0095] Specifically, calculating the stiffness and damping coefficients of the mesh nodes at the boundary of the 3D model in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information includes: calculating the stiffness of the mesh nodes at the boundary of the 3D model in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information, including tangential stiffness and normal stiffness; calculating the damping coefficients of the mesh nodes at the boundary of the 3D model in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information, including tangential damping coefficients and normal damping coefficients; wherein, the formula for calculating the tangential stiffness is as follows: The formula for calculating normal stiffness is: The formula for calculating the tangential damping coefficient is ρC. s The formula for calculating the normal damping coefficient is ρC. p In the formula, α T and α N C represents the tangential and normal boundary parameters, respectively. s and C p The values ​​represent the wave velocities of S-waves and P-waves, respectively; G and ρ represent the shear modulus and density of the three-dimensional model, respectively; and R represents the distance from the seismic wave source to the boundary of the three-dimensional model.

[0096] S160 allows inputting any type of seismic wave to analyze the 3D simulation model. It extracts the acceleration time history curves, velocity time history curves, and displacement time history curves of all grid nodes in the analyzed 3D simulation model for analysis, and determines the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area, which serves as a reference area for the selection of mountain building sites.

[0097] In this embodiment, the El-centro wave is used as an example to simulate the changes in the surface motion of the three-dimensional simulation model under the action of this wave. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0098] The El-centro wave with a peak acceleration of 0.086g was selected. The velocity-time history and displacement-time history curves of this seismic wave were output, and the seismic wave type and incident angle were determined, where the incident angle α... x α y and α z Let be the angles between the incident wave and the X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. and 1 / 2;

[0099] The parameter information of the mesh nodes traversing the model boundary is obtained through theoretical formulas. Calculate the load-time history curves of the grid nodes at the boundary, where A l K represents the area controlled by node l. li and C li Let be the stiffness matrix and damping coefficient matrix of node l in the i-th direction, respectively. and Let be the displacement matrix and velocity matrix of node l in the i-th direction, respectively. The stress superposition of the incident and reflected waves at node l along direction i;

[0100] This case study uses the SH wave as an example. Each term in the load calculation formula is as follows:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103]

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] The calculated load time history curves were set as amplitude lists in the finite element software Abaqus using the TabularAmplitude() function, named "inx (or y, z)". Then, the ConcentratedForce() function was used to batch-set concentrated forces for the mesh nodes at the model boundary, corresponding to the amplitude lists. The model was submitted for analysis, and the acceleration, velocity, and displacement time history curves of each mesh node on the model surface were extracted and analyzed to identify areas of minimum seismic action. These areas serve as a reference for site selection of mountain buildings considering the seismic ground motion effects. The acceleration, velocity, and displacement contour maps of the 3D simulation model are shown below. Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown.

[0107] The site selection process for the acceleration contour map depicted by the acceleration time history curve is illustrated as follows:

[0108] By traversing all mesh nodes of the 3D simulation model in the acceleration contour map, the range of acceleration variation for each mesh node is obtained, for example, with... Figure 9 For example, given the acceleration variation ranges of two grid nodes A and B, it is clear that the variation range of grid node B is smaller than that of grid node A, indicating that the variation of grid node A is more significant and it is not suitable as a site selection reference point. Therefore, grid node B can be used as a site selection reference point. However, in practice, since the method provided by this invention aims to determine a site selection reference area, an acceleration variation reference range is preset for the acceleration variation of each grid node. Then, a suitable grid node is selected from all grid nodes based on this reference range. Finally, at least one mountain building site selection area is generated based on the suitable grid node.

[0109] Accordingly, for both velocity time history curves and displacement time history curves, at least one mountainous building selection area can be selected based on the same principle as the acceleration time history curves described above. This embodiment will not repeat the details.

[0110] In one embodiment, for generating a 3D model, the method further includes: extracting the height values ​​of the mesh nodes corresponding to the peaks or troughs of the 3D model; determining the pixel values ​​corresponding to the height values ​​of the peaks or troughs based on the height values; constructing multiple consecutive pixel intervals of the peaks or troughs based on the pixel values; and correcting the coordinate information of the mesh nodes corresponding to the 3D model based on the multiple consecutive pixel intervals of the peaks or troughs.

[0111] Specifically, as can be seen from the above embodiments, the black and white elevation map in this embodiment is obtained by interpolation fitting. In order to ensure that the height of each peak or trough in the region is not affected by the interpolation fitting, the three-dimensional modeling method needs to be further refined. That is, the true height values ​​of adjacent peaks or troughs in the terrain region and the corresponding pixel values ​​in the black and white elevation map are recorded respectively, and the three-dimensional model is built in segments. For example, there are peaks with heights H1 and H2 in the terrain region (assuming H1>H2). The pixel value corresponding to height H1 is R1, and the pixel value corresponding to height H2 is R2. Since H1>H2, in the three-dimensional modeling, the pixel interval is divided into two segments (0, R1) and (R1, R2). Based on the two pixel intervals, the coordinate information of the corresponding grid nodes of the three-dimensional model is corrected respectively, so that the three-dimensional model representing the real terrain of the target area is not affected by the interpolation fitting.

[0112] Based on the same inventive concept, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This diagram illustrates a principle block diagram of a mountain building site selection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes:

[0113] Data acquisition module 1210 is used to acquire terrain parameters of the target area;

[0114] The data processing module 1220 is used to generate a black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information of the target area based on terrain parameters; construct a basic model matching the building site area; divide the grid according to the accuracy of the basic model; output a first text file containing the coordinate information of the grid nodes of the basic model; correct the coordinate information of the grid nodes in the first text file according to the elevation information of the black-and-white elevation map; generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area; calculate the stiffness and damping coefficient of the grid nodes of the three-dimensional model boundary in the direction corresponding to the coordinate information; simulate the action process of seismic waves on the three-dimensional model according to the stiffness and damping coefficient of each grid node to obtain a three-dimensional simulation model; input any type of seismic wave to analyze the three-dimensional simulation model; extract the acceleration time history curve, velocity time history curve and displacement time history curve of all grid nodes of the analyzed three-dimensional simulation model for analysis; determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area as a reference area for mountain building site selection.

[0115] The mountain building site selection system in this embodiment is similar to the one described above. Figure 1 The mountain building site selection method shown is an invention based on the same concept. Through the above detailed description of the mountain building site selection method, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation process of the mountain building site selection system in this embodiment. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, it will not be described again here.

[0116] Accordingly, the mountain building site selection system provided in this embodiment obtains the terrain parameters of the actual terrain of the target area, thereby constructing a black-and-white elevation map containing the elevation information of the target area. Then, it constructs a basic model matching the target area and divides the data into appropriate grids based on the model's accuracy. This avoids a decrease in iterative efficiency due to unsuitable grid sizes. The system outputs a text file containing the grid node coordinates of the basic model. Combining the black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information and the text file containing the grid node coordinates, a 3D model of the actual terrain information is generated. Finally, the system calculates the grid nodes at the boundary of the 3D model. The stiffness and damping coefficients in the corresponding directions of the coordinate information are used to simulate the interaction between seismic waves and the finite and infinite foundations of the three-dimensional model. Based on this, different types of seismic waves can be selected and input into the three-dimensional simulation model. Then, the acceleration time history curves, velocity time history curves, and displacement time history curves of the grid nodes on the surface are extracted and analyzed to determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area, which can be used as a reference area for the site selection of mountain buildings. Therefore, this invention fills the gap in the topographic effect of seismic waves on real three-dimensional terrain and provides a more effective reference for the regional site selection of mountain buildings.

[0117] Optionally, in one implementation, the data processing module further includes:

[0118] The parameter conversion module is used to convert terrain parameters into a Cartesian coordinate system;

[0119] The fitting module is used to perform interpolation fitting on the Cartesian coordinate system to obtain a matrix.

[0120] The matrix transformation module is used to transform matrices to generate black-and-white elevation maps.

[0121] Optionally, in one implementation, the data processing module further includes: a three-dimensional model generation module, used to read the coordinate information of grid nodes in the first text file and the pixel values ​​of the black and white elevation map, correct the coordinate information of the grid nodes according to the pixel values ​​of the black and white elevation map corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes, and generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area according to the corrected coordinate information of the grid nodes and the basic model.

[0122] In another embodiment of the present invention, a terminal is also provided, the terminal including a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and at least one communication bus for connecting the processor, the memory, and the communication interface. The memory includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (PROM), or portable read-only memory (CD-ROM), and is used for related instructions and data.

[0123] The communication interface is used to receive and send data. The processor can be one or more CPUs; if it is a single CPU, it can be a single-core or multi-core CPU. The processor in the terminal reads one or more programs 321 stored in the memory and performs the following operations: obtains terrain parameters of the target area; generates a black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information of the target area based on the terrain parameters; constructs a basic model matching the building site area, divides the grid according to the accuracy of the basic model, and outputs a first text file containing the coordinate information of the grid nodes of the basic model; corrects the coordinate information of the grid nodes in the first text file according to the elevation information of the black-and-white elevation map, generating a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area; calculates the stiffness and damping coefficients of the grid nodes at the boundary of the three-dimensional model in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information, and simulates the action of seismic waves on the three-dimensional model based on the stiffness and damping coefficients of each grid node, obtaining a three-dimensional simulation model; inputs any type of seismic wave to analyze the three-dimensional simulation model, extracts the acceleration time history curves, velocity time history curves, and displacement time history curves of all grid nodes in the analyzed three-dimensional simulation model, analyzes them, and determines the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area as a reference area for mountain building site selection.

[0124] It should be noted that the specific implementation of each operation can be described above. Figure 1 The corresponding description of the method embodiments shown indicates that the electronic device can be used to execute the mountainous area building site selection method based on seismic terrain effect of the above method embodiments of this application, which will not be described in detail here.

[0125] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which is a memory device in a computer device for storing programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium here may include both the built-in storage medium in the computer device and extended storage media supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space that stores the operating system of a terminal. Furthermore, the storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor, which may be one or more computer programs (including program code). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here may be high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. One or more instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the corresponding steps of the method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects in the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0126] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic ground motion topography, characterized in that the method... include: Obtain the terrain parameters of the target area; Generate a black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information of the target area based on terrain parameters; A base model matching the building address area is constructed. The model is then divided into grids based on its accuracy, and a first text file containing the coordinate information of the grid nodes is output. Specifically, a 3D model of the target area's real terrain is generated by: reading the X, Y, and Z axis coordinates of all grid nodes in the first text file, as well as the corresponding node labels; traversing the pixels of the black-and-white elevation map to obtain multiple pixel values; normalizing the range of each pixel value to obtain the elevation parameter for each pixel value, and storing the elevation parameter in a temporary list; and then, based on the X and Y axes of all grid nodes... The coordinate information is matched in a temporary list to obtain the elevation parameters corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes; the Z-axis coordinate information of the grid nodes of the basic model is corrected based on the maximum elevation difference of the target area, the initial height of the basic model, and the ratio of the initial height of the grid nodes to the initial height of the basic model; a second text file is created, and the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis coordinate information of the corrected grid nodes are written into the second text file according to the label information; the coordinate information of the grid nodes corresponding to the basic model is corrected according to the label information of the second text file, thereby generating a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area; The stiffness and damping coefficients of the grid nodes at the boundary of the 3D model are calculated in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information. Based on the stiffness and damping coefficients of each grid node, the action process of seismic waves on the 3D model is simulated to obtain the 3D simulation model. The three-dimensional simulation model is analyzed by inputting any type of seismic wave. The acceleration time history curve, velocity time history curve, and displacement time history curve of all grid nodes in the analyzed three-dimensional simulation model are extracted and analyzed to determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area, which is used as a reference area for the site selection of mountain buildings.

2. The method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, And based on terrain parameters, a black-and-white elevation map of the target area is generated, specifically including: Transform the terrain parameters into a Cartesian coordinate system; The Cartesian coordinate system is interpolated and fitted to obtain the matrix. Transform the matrix to generate a black-and-white elevation map.

3. The method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects according to claim 2, characterized in that, Topographic parameters include at least the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the building site area.

4. The method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, Generate a 3D model of the realistic terrain of the target area, including: Read the coordinate information of the grid nodes in the first text file and the pixel values ​​of the black and white elevation map. Correct the coordinate information of the grid nodes according to the pixel values ​​of the black and white elevation map corresponding to the coordinate information of the grid nodes. Generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area based on the corrected coordinate information of the grid nodes and the basic model.

5. The method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic model was constructed using finite element software.

6. The method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method also includes: Extract the height values ​​of the mesh nodes corresponding to the peaks or troughs of the 3D model; Determine the pixel value corresponding to the height value of the peak or trough based on the height value; Construct multiple consecutive pixel intervals with peaks or troughs based on pixel values; Based on multiple consecutive pixel intervals of peaks or troughs, the coordinate information of the corresponding mesh nodes of the 3D model is corrected respectively.

7. The method for building site selection in mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stiffness of the mesh nodes at the boundary of the 3D model in the direction corresponding to the coordinate information includes tangential stiffness and normal stiffness. The damping coefficients of the mesh nodes at the boundary of the 3D model are calculated in the directions corresponding to the coordinate information, including the tangential damping coefficient and the normal damping coefficient; among them, the formula for calculating the tangential stiffness is: The formula for calculating normal stiffness is: The formula for calculating the tangential damping coefficient is: The formula for calculating the normal damping coefficient is: In the formula, and These represent the parameters of the tangential and normal boundaries, respectively. and Represents the wave velocities of S-waves and P-waves, G and Let R represent the shear modulus and density of the 3D model, respectively, and let R represent the distance from the seismic wave source to the boundary of the 3D model.

8. A building site selection system for mountainous areas based on seismic ground motion topography, characterized in that the system... include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire terrain parameters of the target area; The data processing module is used to generate a black-and-white elevation map containing elevation information of the target area based on terrain parameters; A base model matching the building address area is constructed. The base model is then meshed based on its accuracy, and a first text file containing the coordinate information of the mesh nodes is output. Specifically, a 3D model of the target area's realistic terrain is generated by: reading the X, Y, and Z axis coordinates of all mesh nodes in the first text file, along with the corresponding node labels; traversing the pixels of the black-and-white elevation map to obtain multiple pixel values, normalizing the range of each pixel value to obtain the elevation parameter for each pixel value, and storing the elevation parameter in a temporary list; matching the X and Y axis coordinates of all mesh nodes in the temporary list to obtain the elevation parameter corresponding to the mesh node coordinates; and correcting the base model based on the maximum elevation difference in the target area, the initial height of the base model, and the ratio of the initial height of the mesh nodes to the initial height of the base model. The model obtains the Z-axis coordinate information of the grid nodes; a second text file is created, and the X, Y, and Z-axis coordinate information of the corrected grid nodes is written into the second text file according to the label information; based on the label information of the second text file, the coordinate information of the grid nodes corresponding to the basic model is corrected to generate a three-dimensional model of the real terrain of the target area; the stiffness and damping coefficient of the grid nodes at the boundary of the three-dimensional model are calculated in the direction corresponding to the coordinate information, and the action process of seismic waves on the three-dimensional model is simulated according to the stiffness and damping coefficient of each grid node to obtain a three-dimensional simulation model; any type of seismic wave is input to analyze the three-dimensional simulation model, and the acceleration time history curve, velocity time history curve, and displacement time history curve of all grid nodes in the analyzed three-dimensional simulation model are extracted and analyzed to determine the area with the weakest surface motion in the target area, which is used as a reference area for the site selection of mountain buildings.

9. The building site selection system for mountainous areas based on seismic topographic effects according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data processing module further includes: The parameter conversion module is used to convert terrain parameters into a Cartesian coordinate system; The fitting module is used to perform interpolation fitting on the Cartesian coordinate system to obtain a matrix. The matrix transformation module is used to transform matrices to generate black-and-white elevation maps.

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