An electric vehicle component derating judgment method, device, medium and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to electric vehicle control technical field, especially in kind of electric vehicle parts derating judgment method, device, medium and vehicle, aiming at the same part in different working conditions, its derating threshold boundary is not same, different parts in the same working condition, its derating threshold boundary is also not same.The present application adopts the same design logic and principle, and designs different real-time threshold for different parts in different working conditions;Real-time threshold can provide more secure and larger performance space for different parts in different situations;Real-time threshold is calculated according to the continuous temperature rise of the part in real-time continuous working condition, the continuous temperature rise in severe continuous working condition, the continuous temperature rise in real-time peak working condition and the continuous temperature rise in severe peak working condition, the accuracy of real-time threshold is high, the practicality is strong, and it is easy to realize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle control technology, and in particular to a method, device, medium, and vehicle for determining the derating of electric vehicle components. Background Technology

[0002] The current electric vehicle market is trending towards integrated design, which is beneficial for space layout, cost control, and simplified information interaction. The all-in-one system of electric vehicles integrates multiple key components whose operating performance is sensitive to temperature changes, such as motors, controllers, reducers, and batteries. This makes the temperature control of such all-in-one electric vehicles more challenging and complex than traditional vehicles.

[0003] Because changes in operating temperature are closely related to the performance of key components and product lifespan, all key components in electric vehicle all-in-one systems have operating temperature requirements. Currently, electric vehicle all-in-one systems on the market use methods to limit the operating temperature of key components. Current electric vehicle derating monitoring strategies only monitor the temperature of key components, reserving a certain temperature rise threshold to ensure the safety and reliability of key components. However, in the complex operating conditions of actual vehicle use, this crude method of a constant temperature rise threshold will cause the performance of key components to not be fully utilized, greatly affecting the user's driving experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, device, medium, and vehicle for judging the derating of electric vehicle components. Different real-time thresholds are set for different components and different operating conditions of electric vehicles. While ensuring the safe operation of each component, different components can exert greater performance. Moreover, the design logic and principles of the real-time thresholds are the same, which is easy to calculate and implement.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this embodiment provides a method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components. The specific method is as follows:

[0006] Obtain the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle that are to be derated;

[0007] Determine whether the real-time temperature of several components to be derated is greater than their corresponding real-time threshold. If it is greater than the real-time threshold, derate the component; otherwise, do not derate the component.

[0008] The real-time threshold of each component to be derated is determined in real time based on the first data consisting of the continuous temperature rise of the component under real-time continuous operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions.

[0009] Alternatively, the real-time threshold of each component to be derated can be determined in real time based on a second set of data consisting of the continuous temperature rise of the component under real-time peak conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions.

[0010] The advantage of this embodiment is that it addresses the issue that the derating threshold boundaries of the same component differ under different operating conditions, and that different components also have different derating threshold boundaries under the same operating conditions. This embodiment employs the same design logic and principles, designing different real-time thresholds for different components under different operating conditions. These real-time thresholds provide safer derating boundaries with greater performance margins for different components under various circumstances. The real-time thresholds are calculated based on the continuous temperature rise of the component under continuous real-time operating conditions, continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions, continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions, and continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions. The real-time thresholds are highly accurate, practical, and easy to implement.

[0011] Optionally, the first data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derating under severe continuous operating conditions minus the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions; the larger the first data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derating.

[0012] The second data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under severe peak conditions minus the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions; the larger the second data, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derated.

[0013] The advantage of this embodiment is that it selects absolute distance as the calculation standard for real-time threshold. The larger the positive distance, the further the component is from the limit state in real-time. The real-time threshold can be designed to be larger. The judgment logic is simple and can effectively ensure the safe operation of the component.

[0014] Optionally, the first data is the difference between the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under severe continuous operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions, divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions; the larger the first data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derated.

[0015] The second data is the difference between the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under severe peak conditions and the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions, divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions; the larger the second data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derated.

[0016] The advantage of this embodiment is that it combines the distance between the real-time state and the limit state, as well as the proportion of the distance to the limit state, as the calculation variable for the real-time threshold. It considers not only the distance but also the proportion of the distance, making it easier to achieve the best performance of the component in the calculated real-time threshold.

[0017] Specifically, the real-time threshold is determined in real time by the smaller of the first and second data sets.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the first data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions.

[0019] The second data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions.

[0020] The advantage of this embodiment is that it combines the advantages of the two examples above. It uses the ratio of the temperature rise in the real-time state to the extreme state as a variable to calculate the real-time threshold. The judgment logic is simple, which can effectively ensure the safe operation of the component and make it easier to bring out the best performance of the component.

[0021] Furthermore, the real-time threshold is determined in real time by the larger data combination between the first and second data.

[0022] The larger data combination between the first and second data is defined as the deduction monitoring factor.

[0023] Specifically, when the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than the maximum heat dissipation boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions, but less than 0, the component to be drated is determined to be within the cooling range, and the real-time threshold value is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach.

[0024] Specifically, when the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, the component to be drated is judged to be within a reasonable temperature rise range.

[0025] When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than 1 and less than or equal to the overheating coefficient, the component to be drated is judged to be within the allowable heating range.

[0026] Furthermore, when the component to be derated is determined to be within a reasonable or tolerable temperature range, the real-time threshold is calculated by substituting the ratio of the derating monitoring factor to the overheating coefficient into the derating curve formula.

[0027] Specifically, when the value range of the derating monitoring factor is greater than the overheating coefficient but less than the maximum temperature rise boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions, the component to be drated is judged to be in an overly harsh temperature rise range, and the real-time threshold value is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach minus the preset advance temperature.

[0028] The advantage of this embodiment is that the current operating condition of all components to be derated can be converted into four cases through the derating monitoring factor. When the current operating condition is within the cooling range, there is no need to set a real-time threshold. No matter how high the current temperature is, the temperature will decrease over time, maintaining the current rating. When the current operating condition is within the reasonable and tolerable temperature rise range, the real-time threshold can be calculated using a custom real-time threshold calculation formula, ensuring safety while maximizing component performance. When the current operating condition is within an excessively stringent temperature rise range, the pre-set temperature can be designed for different components to ensure safe operation.

[0029] As a preferred approach, the derating monitoring factors of several components to be judged for derating are normalized to obtain derating monitoring normalized values, and then the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for derating is calculated based on the derating monitoring normalized values.

[0030] Specifically, the method for normalizing the derating monitoring factors of several components to be derating judged is as follows:

[0031] Divide the derating monitoring factor corresponding to the component to be drated by the overheating coefficient of the component to be drated.

[0032] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for rate reduction based on the normalized value of the rate reduction monitoring is as follows:

[0033] If the normalized value of the derating monitoring is greater than the quotient of the maximum heat dissipation boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions divided by the overheating coefficient of the component to be drated, and is less than 0;

[0034] The real-time threshold value of the component to be derated is the highest temperature that the component to be derated can reach.

[0035] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for rate reduction based on the normalized value of the rate reduction monitoring is as follows:

[0036] If the normalized value of the deduction monitoring is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, then the real-time threshold is calculated by substituting the normalized value of the deduction monitoring into the deduction curve formula.

[0037] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for rate reduction based on the normalized value of the rate reduction monitoring is as follows:

[0038] If the normalized value of the derating monitoring is greater than 1 and less than the quotient of the maximum temperature rise boundary value under severe operating conditions divided by the overheating coefficient, then the real-time threshold is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach minus the preset advance temperature.

[0039] The advantage of this embodiment is that it unifies the real-time threshold calculation method of all components through normalization, which makes it easier to design programs to implement real-time threshold calculation for all components.

[0040] Optionally, the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions, and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions are all obtained through temperature sensors;

[0041] The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions over a period of time, which is the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions;

[0042] The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derating under severe continuous operating conditions over a period of time, which is the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions;

[0043] The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derating under real-time peak conditions and within the peak time, which is the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions.

[0044] The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derated under severe peak conditions and within the peak time, which is the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions.

[0045] The advantage of this embodiment is that the temperature rise of various components under various operating conditions is obtained through experiments. The operation and measurement are simple. After obtaining the temperature rise, it is edited into a table. The corresponding temperature rise of any component under any operating condition can be obtained by looking up the table.

[0046] As a preferred method, the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions, and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions are obtained as follows:

[0047] The continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions is the integral of the real-time operating temperature rise factor over the duration.

[0048] The continuous temperature rise under severe operating conditions is the integral of the severe operating condition temperature rise factor over the duration.

[0049] The continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions is the integral of the real-time temperature rise factor over the peak time.

[0050] The sustained temperature rise under severe peak conditions is the integral of the severe condition temperature rise factor over the peak time.

[0051] The advantage of this embodiment is that the temperature rise of various components under various operating conditions is obtained by integrating the temperature rise factor over time. The calculation is simple and accurate. It only requires recording the temperature rise factor of different components under different operating conditions, which greatly reduces the amount of preliminary testing and accurate work, and reduces the amount of data to be looked up in the table.

[0052] Optionally, the real-time operating temperature rise factor can be obtained as follows:

[0053] The temperature rise per unit time of the component to be derated is determined by experimental measurement under real-time operating conditions.

[0054] The method for obtaining the temperature rise factor under severe operating conditions is as follows:

[0055] The temperature rise per unit time of the component to be derated is determined by experimental measurement.

[0056] The advantage of this embodiment is that it obtains the temperature rise factor quickly and accurately through experiments.

[0057] As a preferred method, the real-time operating condition temperature rise factor and the harsh operating condition temperature rise factor are obtained as follows:

[0058] The thermal energy flow topology of the components to be derated is analyzed, and a thermal simulation model is built for each component to be derated.

[0059] Under real-time operating conditions, the heat obtained by the component to be derated from each element in the thermal simulation model is added together, and then the heat loss of the component to be derated is subtracted. This is the real-time operating temperature rise factor.

[0060] Under harsh operating conditions, within a unit of time, the heat obtained by the component to be derated from each element in the thermal simulation model is added together, and then the heat loss of the component to be derated is subtracted. This is the temperature rise factor under harsh operating conditions.

[0061] The advantage of this embodiment is that obtaining the temperature rise factor through a thermal simulation model can reduce experimental and statistical work, and the accuracy of the obtained temperature rise factor is also higher, which can avoid errors caused by experiments.

[0062] Furthermore, a lookup table is constructed for the acquired real-time operating temperature rise factor and the severe operating temperature rise factor.

[0063] Optionally, the components to be derating include any one or more of the following: battery cells, controller semiconductors, motor stator, motor rotor, and reducer oil temperature.

[0064] Specifically, the component to be assessed for derating is the motor stator.

[0065] Furthermore, the calculation method for the continuous temperature rise of the motor stator under real-time peak operating conditions is as follows:

[0066] The real-time operating temperature rise factor is integral over the peak time;

[0067] The calculation method for the continuous temperature rise of the motor stator under severe peak operating conditions is as follows:

[0068] Integral of the temperature rise factor under severe operating conditions over peak time;

[0069] Peak time is the time it takes for the motor stator to rise from its real-time temperature to its final temperature under severe peak operating conditions.

[0070] The final temperature under severe peak conditions is the greater of the temperature at the end of the first acceleration / deceleration road spectrum and the temperature at the end of the last acceleration / deceleration road spectrum.

[0071] The temperature at the end of the first acceleration / deceleration path is the temperature of the motor stator before the start of the first acceleration / deceleration path plus the temperature rise during the first acceleration / deceleration path.

[0072] The temperature at the end of the last acceleration / deceleration spectrum is the sum of the temperature before the start of the first acceleration / deceleration spectrum in the electronic stator and the temperature rise at the end of the last acceleration / deceleration spectrum.

[0073] To achieve the above objectives, this embodiment also provides an electric vehicle component derating judgment device, including: a data acquisition module, a real-time threshold calculation module, and a derating judgment module;

[0074] The data acquisition module acquires the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle that are to be derated.

[0075] The real-time threshold calculation module calculates the real-time threshold for each component to be derated. The real-time threshold is calculated by the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions, under severe continuous operating conditions, under real-time peak operating conditions, and under severe peak operating conditions.

[0076] The derating judgment module compares the real-time temperature of the component to be drated with the real-time threshold. If the real-time temperature is greater than the real-time threshold, derating is judged; otherwise, derating is not performed.

[0077] Specifically, the real-time threshold calculation module divides the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions to obtain the first data;

[0078] The real-time threshold calculation module divides the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions to obtain the second data.

[0079] The real-time threshold calculation module selects the larger of the first and second data as the real-time threshold.

[0080] Optionally, it also includes a rate reduction execution module to execute the judgment sent by the rate reduction judgment module.

[0081] To achieve the above objectives, this embodiment also provides a storage medium storing several instructions. The processor executes these instructions to implement the above-mentioned electric vehicle component derating determination method.

[0082] To achieve the above objectives, this embodiment also provides a vehicle, including the electric vehicle component derating determination device and / or the storage medium; it also includes a pure electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or a range-extended vehicle.

[0083] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this article are merely for describing the constituent elements of the technical solution and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution, nor should they be interpreted as an indication or implication of the importance of the corresponding elements; elements with terms such as "first," "second," or similar terms indicate that at least one of the elements is included in the corresponding technical solution. Attached Figure Description

[0084] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and facilitate a further understanding of its technical effects, features, and objectives, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings constitute an essential part of the specification and are used together with Embodiment 1 of the present invention to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0085] The same reference numerals in the attached diagrams represent the same parts, specifically:

[0086] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process in Example 1.

[0087] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process in Example 2.

[0088] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process in Example 3.

[0089] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process in Example 5.

[0090] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 6.

[0091] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal simulation model structure.

[0092] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the temperature variation under peak torque conditions of the motor stator.

[0093] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the relationship between the stator temperature of the motor and the integral time.

[0094] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the relationship between the initial real-time threshold and the derating monitoring factor F.

[0095] Figure 10 The torque / power / current and other parameters of the derating limiting component of this invention are related to the real-time temperature T. StatorActual Relationship diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0096] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described below are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the parts described in the embodiments or drawings are merely illustrative examples of relevant parts of the present invention, and not the entirety of the invention.

[0097] Example 1:

[0098] A method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components, such as Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0099] S1. Obtain the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle to be derated.

[0100] S2. Calculate the real-time threshold of the component to be reduced.

[0101] The real-time threshold is determined in real time based on the first data consisting of the continuous temperature rise of the component under real-time continuous operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions.

[0102] The first data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under severe continuous operating conditions minus the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions; the larger the first data, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derated.

[0103] Furthermore, the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions are obtained through temperature sensors; the temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derating under real-time continuous operating conditions over a period of time, which is the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions; the temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derating under severe continuous operating conditions over a period of time, which is the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions.

[0104] S3. Determine whether the real-time temperature of several components to be derated is greater than their corresponding real-time threshold. If it is greater than the real-time threshold, derate the component; if it is less than the real-time threshold, do not derate the component.

[0105] Example 2:

[0106] A method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components, such as Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0107] S1. Obtain the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle to be derated.

[0108] S2. Calculate the real-time threshold of the component to be reduced.

[0109] The real-time threshold of each component to be derated is determined in real time based on the second data consisting of the continuous temperature rise of the component under real-time peak operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions.

[0110] The second combination is the difference between the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under severe peak conditions and the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions, divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions; the larger the second data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derated.

[0111] Furthermore, the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions are both obtained through temperature sensors. The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derating under real-time peak operating conditions within the peak time, which is the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions. The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derating under severe peak operating conditions within the peak time, which is the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions.

[0112] S3. Determine whether the real-time temperature of several components to be derated is greater than their corresponding real-time threshold. If it is greater than the real-time threshold, derate the component; if it is less than the real-time threshold, do not derate the component.

[0113] As shown in Examples 1 and 2, the real-time threshold can be determined by the difference between the real-time temperature rise and the limit temperature rise under continuous operating conditions, or by the proportion of the difference between the real-time temperature rise and the limit temperature rise under peak operating conditions to the limit temperature rise. It can also be reasonably deduced that the real-time threshold is determined by any parameter that represents the relationship between the real-time temperature rise and the limit temperature rise under continuous and / or peak operating conditions. The closer the real-time temperature rise is to or the greater it exceeds the limit temperature rise, the lower the real-time threshold calculated from it should be, and the easier it is to trigger the derating operation of the component to be derating.

[0114] In Examples 1 and 2, temperature sensors are used to obtain the temperature rise under various conditions. In subsequent examples, the temperature rise can also be obtained through calculated trial runs.

[0115] Example 3:

[0116] A method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components, such as Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0117] S1. Obtain the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle to be derated.

[0118] S2. Calculate the real-time threshold of the component to be judged for rate reduction. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0119] The first data is defined as the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions.

[0120] The second data is defined as the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions.

[0121] The real-time threshold is determined in real time by the larger data combination between the first data and the second data; the larger data combination between the first data and the second data is defined as the deduction monitoring factor.

[0122] Range of values

[0123] Furthermore, the derating monitoring factors of several components to be judged for derating are normalized to obtain derating monitoring normalized values, and then the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for derating is calculated based on the derating monitoring normalized values.

[0124] Specifically, the method for normalizing the derating monitoring factors of several components to be derating is as follows: divide the derating monitoring factor corresponding to the component to be derating by the overheating coefficient of that component.

[0125]

[0126] In this embodiment, the calculation method for the normalized value of the derating monitoring can also be any other existing normalization method, such as the normalized logarithm function.

[0127] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for rate reduction based on the normalized value of the rate reduction monitoring is as follows:

[0128] If the normalized value of the derating monitoring is greater than the quotient of the maximum heat dissipation boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions divided by the overheating coefficient of the component to be drated, and is less than 0, then the real-time threshold value of the component to be drated is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach.

[0129] If the normalized value of the deduction monitoring is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, then

[0130]

[0131] In the formula, T Derating For real-time threshold, F Norm This is the normalized value for rate reduction monitoring; this formula is the rate reduction curve formula, but it can also be replaced with other rate reduction formulas or algorithms.

[0132] If the normalized value of the derating monitoring is greater than 1 and less than the quotient of the maximum temperature rise boundary value under harsh operating conditions divided by the overheating coefficient, then the real-time threshold is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach minus the preset advance temperature. Figure 9 As shown.

[0133]

[0134] In the formula, ΔT is the preset advance temperature, and T Derating This is a real-time threshold. The torque / power / current and other temperature-related parameters limited by the real-time threshold are related to the real-time temperature T. StatorActual Relationships such as Figure 10 As shown, this fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the monitoring strategy of the present invention.

[0135] In this embodiment, the current working condition is divided into four situations. It can also be divided into several situations according to actual needs. A corresponding real-time threshold calculation formula is formulated for each or multiple situations. The real-time threshold can also be a specified specific value.

[0136] Furthermore, the methods for obtaining the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions, and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions are as follows:

[0137] The continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions is the integral of the real-time operating temperature rise factor over the duration.

[0138]

[0139] ΔP Conti For the continuous temperature rise under real-time operating conditions, t Conti The duration is given by Δp(t), and the real-time operating temperature rise factor is given by Δp(t).

[0140] The continuous temperature rise under severe operating conditions is the integral of the severe operating condition temperature rise factor over the duration.

[0141]

[0142] P Conti For continuous temperature rise under harsh operating conditions, t Conti For duration, Δp Conti (t) represents the temperature rise factor under severe operating conditions.

[0143] The continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions is the integral of the real-time temperature rise factor over the peak time.

[0144]

[0145] ΔP Peak The sustained temperature rise under peak operating conditions, t PeakΔp(t) represents the peak time, and Δp(t) represents the real-time operating temperature rise factor.

[0146] The sustained temperature rise under severe peak conditions is the integral of the severe condition temperature rise factor over the peak time.

[0147]

[0148] P Peak For the continuous temperature rise under harsh peak operating conditions, t Peak For peak time, Δp Conti (t) represents the temperature rise factor under severe operating conditions.

[0149] This embodiment calculates the temperature rise by time integration. Embodiments 1 and 2 use a temperature sensor to obtain the temperature rise. Of course, other known methods or formulas that can obtain the temperature rise under various operating conditions can also be used.

[0150] Furthermore, the methods for obtaining the real-time operating temperature rise factor and the harsh operating temperature rise factor are as follows:

[0151] The thermal energy flow topology of the components to be derating is analyzed, and a thermal simulation model is constructed for each component to be derating, such as... Figure 6 As shown; under real-time operating conditions, within a unit time, the heat obtained by the component to be derating from each element in the thermal simulation model is added together, and then the heat loss of the component to be derating is subtracted, which is the real-time operating temperature rise factor; under severe operating conditions, within a unit time, the heat obtained by the component to be derating from each element in the thermal simulation model is added together, and then the heat loss of the component to be derating is subtracted, which is the severe operating temperature rise factor.

[0152] This embodiment uses the thermal energy flow topology to construct a thermal simulation model, and calculates the temperature rise factor under various operating conditions based on the thermal simulation model. In embodiment 5, the temperature rise factor is obtained by experiment, but other methods can also be used to obtain the temperature rise per unit time.

[0153] Specifically, the components to be assessed for rate reduction include: battery cells, controller semiconductors, motor stator, motor rotor, and reducer oil temperature.

[0154] S3. Determine whether the real-time temperature of several components to be derated is greater than their corresponding real-time threshold. If it is greater than the real-time threshold, derate the component; if it is less than the real-time threshold, do not derate the component.

[0155] Example 4:

[0156] A method for determining the stator rating of a motor, comprising the following steps:

[0157] S1. Obtain the real-time temperature of the motor stator.

[0158] S2. Calculate the real-time threshold of the motor stator. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0159] The topological relationship of the thermal energy flow of the motor stator is analyzed, and a thermal simulation model of the motor stator is constructed. Under real-time operating conditions, the heat obtained by the motor stator from each element in the thermal simulation model is added up and then the heat loss of the motor stator is subtracted to obtain the real-time operating temperature rise factor. Under severe operating conditions, the heat obtained by the motor stator from each element in the thermal simulation model is added up and then the heat loss of the motor stator is subtracted to obtain the severe operating temperature rise factor.

[0160] With rotor temperature T Rotor The changes are related to the temperatures of three adjacent components, including the cooling water temperature (T). Coolant Stator T Stator Gear reducer oil T Oil In the thermal model, this can be converted into rotor temperature T. Rotor The three heat energy flows related to the change exchange energy p respectively. RotorCoolant p RotorStator p RotorOil Meanwhile, during operation, the rotor generates heat energy p due to losses (RotorPowerloss). Loss The rotor temperature rise factor of the motor was obtained as follows:

[0161] Δp Rotor =P RotorCoolant +P RotorStator +P RotorOil +P Loss

[0162] The peak operating conditions of a motor stator typically have multiple requirements, necessitating that no performance degradation occurs throughout eight acceleration / deceleration cycles. The relationship between the peak torque of the motor stator and temperature is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. Let the initial temperature of the motor stator be T. StatorPeakInitial Under real-time peak operating conditions, the duration of operation is sustained for a specified time t. StatorPeak1 The final temperature under harsh peak operating conditions is T. StatorPeak1End The specified time for the final acceleration / deceleration is t. StatorPeak2 The final temperature reached by the stator of the motor after completing the circuit spectrum is T. StatorPeak2End Because the stator peak temperature rise changes rapidly, a stator temperature sensor is needed to measure the stator's real-time temperature T. StatorActual The real-time temperature T StatorActual By coupling with the temperature rise, a dynamic derating strategy for real-time monitoring is established to calculate the temperature rise under different peak demands.

[0163] First, calculate the specified time t at the stator cryogenic temperature. StatorPeak1 Temperature rise under harsh, continuous operating conditions with constant speed and peak torque:

[0164] The stator temperature at this time is T. StatorPeakInitial

[0165] In the formula, Δp Peak1 (t) represents the temperature rise factor under the current operating conditions.

[0166] Secondly, the peak torque at constant speed under harsh continuous operating conditions at high stator temperature is calculated, and finally, t... StatorPeak2 Temperature rise over time:

[0167] The stator temperature at this time is T. StatorPeak1End

[0168] In the formula, Δp Peak1 (t) represents the temperature rise factor under the current operating conditions.

[0169] Recalculate the road spectrum of the last acceleration / deceleration cycle under 8 acceleration / deceleration conditions at high stator temperature, and the specified time t for the final acceleration / deceleration. StatorPeak2 The following temperature rise:

[0170] The stator temperature at this time is T. StatorPeak2End

[0171] In the formula, Δp Peak2 (t) represents the temperature rise factor under the current operating conditions.

[0172] For the two temperature rises at high stator temperatures, the larger one should be chosen.

[0173] P StatorPeakEnd =MAX{P StatorPeak1End P StatorPeak2End}

[0174] P StatorPeak1End =MAX{P StatorPeak1End P StatorPeak2End}

[0175] For the two temperatures at high stator temperature, the larger one should be chosen.

[0176] T StatorPeakEnd =MAX{T StatorPeak1End T StatorPeak2End}

[0177] Real-time temperature T StatorActual Coupling with the temperature rise is achieved by adjusting the real-time temperature T. StatorActual With integration time t Peak Establishing the functional relationship (see) Figure 8 Therefore, the peak operating conditions of each key component require a severe temperature rise P. peak The formula has been updated as follows:

[0178]

[0179] Meanwhile, the temperature rise ΔP of each key component under peak operating conditions during real-time continuous operation. peak The update is as follows:

[0180]

[0181] S3. Determine whether the real-time temperature of the motor stator is greater than its corresponding real-time threshold. If it is greater than the real-time threshold, derate the motor stator. If it is less than the real-time threshold, do not derate the motor stator.

[0182] This embodiment takes the motor stator as an example. By taking advantage of the special requirements of the motor stator, the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions can be obtained in a broad manner. Of course, the standard for obtaining the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions can also be adjusted according to the object and actual situation.

[0183] Example 5:

[0184] A method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components, such as Figure 4 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0185] S1. Obtain the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle to be derated.

[0186] S2. Calculate the real-time threshold of the component to be judged for derating. The specific method is as follows:

[0187] The first data is defined as the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions.

[0188] The second data is defined as the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions.

[0189] The real-time threshold is determined in real time by the larger data combination between the first data and the second data; the larger data combination between the first data and the second data is defined as the deduction monitoring factor.

[0190] When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than the maximum heat dissipation boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions, but less than 0, the component to be drated is judged to be within the cooling range, and the real-time threshold value is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach.

[0191] When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, the component to be drated is judged to be within a reasonable temperature rise range; when the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than 1 and less than or equal to the overheating coefficient, the component to be drated is judged to be within a tolerable temperature rise range.

[0192] When the component to be derated is determined to be within a reasonable or tolerable temperature rise range, the real-time threshold is calculated using the following formula:

[0193]

[0194] In the formula, T Derating is the real-time threshold, F is the derating monitoring factor, and β is defined as the overheating coefficient; this formula is the derating curve formula, but it can also be replaced by other derating formulas or algorithms.

[0195] When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than the overheating coefficient but less than the maximum temperature rise boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions, the component to be drated is judged to be in an overly harsh temperature rise range, and the real-time threshold value is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach minus the preset advance temperature.

[0196] The real-time operating temperature rise factor is obtained as follows:

[0197] The temperature rise per unit time of the component to be derated is determined by experimental measurement under real-time operating conditions.

[0198] The method for obtaining the temperature rise factor under severe operating conditions is as follows:

[0199] The temperature rise per unit time of the component to be derated is determined by experimental measurement.

[0200] S3. Determine whether the real-time temperature of several components to be derated is greater than their corresponding real-time threshold. If it is greater than the real-time threshold, derate the component; if it is less than the real-time threshold, do not derate the component.

[0201] Example 6:

[0202] A device for determining the derating of electric vehicle components, such as Figure 5 As shown, it includes: a data acquisition module, a real-time threshold calculation module, and a deduction judgment module;

[0203] The data acquisition module acquires the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle that are to be derated.

[0204] The real-time threshold calculation module calculates the real-time threshold for each component to be derated. The real-time threshold is calculated by the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions, under severe continuous operating conditions, under real-time peak operating conditions, and under severe peak operating conditions.

[0205] The derating judgment module compares the real-time temperature of the component to be drated with the real-time threshold. If the real-time temperature is greater than the real-time threshold, derating is judged; otherwise, derating is not performed.

[0206] In this embodiment, the data acquisition module can be a sensor array to collect the real-time temperature of the component to be derating, or it can be a data receiving device to receive the real-time temperature of the component to be derating in an existing system. If the data acquisition module is a data receiving device, its receiving method can be local wired transmission, remote wireless sensing transmission, or a combination of wired and wireless transmission. The real-time threshold calculation module can be a separately designed electronic module locally, or it can utilize an existing electronic module in the electric vehicle, such as an ECU, or it can be a remote server. The derating judgment module can be designed independently of the real-time threshold calculation module, or it can be designed compatible with the real-time threshold calculation module.

[0207] Furthermore, the real-time threshold calculation module divides the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions to obtain the first data;

[0208] The real-time threshold calculation module divides the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions to obtain the second data.

[0209] The real-time threshold calculation module selects the larger of the first and second data as the real-time threshold.

[0210] Optionally, it also includes a rate reduction execution module to execute the judgment sent by the rate reduction judgment module.

[0211] The derating execution module can be a control chip that controls the power limit, a BMS system, or a remote server that can wirelessly control a car.

[0212] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any obvious changes, substitutions or replacements made based on the above content do not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Other implementations will also fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components, characterized in that, The specific method is as follows: Obtain the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle that are to be derated; Each of the aforementioned components to be derated is determined to be greater than its corresponding real-time threshold. If the temperature is greater than the real-time threshold, the component is derated; if the temperature is less than the real-time threshold, the component is not derated. The real-time threshold of each derating judgment component is determined in real time based on the first data consisting of the continuous temperature rise of the derating judgment component under real-time continuous operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions. Alternatively, the real-time threshold of each component to be derated is determined in real time based on the second data consisting of the continuous temperature rise of the component under real-time peak conditions and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions; The first data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions; The second data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions; The real-time threshold is determined in real time by the larger data combination between the first data and the second data. The larger data combination between the first and second data is defined as the deduction monitoring factor.

2. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derating under severe continuous operating conditions minus the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions; the larger the first data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derating. The second data is the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derating under severe peak conditions minus the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions; the larger the second data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derating. The real-time threshold is determined in real time by the smaller of the first and second data sets.

3. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first data is the difference between the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derating under severe continuous operating conditions and the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions, divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions; the larger the first data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derating. The second data is the difference between the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under severe peak conditions and the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions, divided by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions; the larger the second data is, the smaller the real-time threshold of the component to be derated. The real-time threshold is determined in real time by the smaller of the first and second data sets.

4. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than the maximum heat dissipation boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions and less than 0, the component to be drated is determined to be within the cooling range, and the real-time threshold value is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach.

5. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, the component to be drated is judged to be within a reasonable temperature rise range. When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than 1 and less than or equal to the overheating coefficient, the component to be drated is determined to be within the allowable heating range.

6. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 5, characterized in that: When the derating determination component determines that the temperature rise is within a reasonable or tolerable range, the real-time threshold is calculated by substituting the ratio of the derating monitoring factor to the overheating coefficient into the derating curve formula.

7. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the value of the derating monitoring factor is greater than the overheating coefficient but less than the maximum temperature rise boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions, the component to be drated is judged to be in an overly harsh temperature rise range. The real-time threshold value is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach minus the preset advance temperature.

8. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The derating monitoring factors of several components to be judged for derating are normalized to obtain derating monitoring normalized values. Then, the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for derating is calculated based on the derating monitoring normalized values.

9. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The specific method for normalizing the derating monitoring factors of several components to be derating is as follows: The derating monitoring factor corresponding to the component to be drated is divided by the overheating coefficient of the component to be drated.

10. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for rate reduction based on the normalized value of the rate reduction monitoring is as follows: If the normalized value of the derating monitoring is greater than the quotient of the maximum heat dissipation boundary value of the component to be drated under harsh operating conditions divided by the overheating coefficient of the component to be drated, and is less than 0; The real-time threshold value of the component to be derated is the highest temperature that the component to be derated can reach.

11. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for rate reduction based on the normalized value of the rate reduction monitoring is as follows: If the normalized value of the deduction monitoring is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, then the real-time threshold is calculated by substituting the normalized value of the deduction monitoring into the deduction curve formula.

12. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the real-time threshold corresponding to each component to be judged for rate reduction based on the normalized value of the rate reduction monitoring is as follows: If the normalized value of the derating monitoring is greater than 1 and less than the quotient of the maximum temperature rise boundary value under severe operating conditions divided by the overheating coefficient, then the real-time threshold is the highest temperature that the component to be drated can reach minus the preset advance temperature.

13. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions, and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions are all obtained through temperature sensors; The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions over a period of time, which is the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions. The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derated under severe continuous operating conditions over a period of time, which is the continuous temperature rise under the severe continuous operating conditions; The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions and within the peak time period, which is the continuous temperature rise under the real-time peak conditions. The temperature sensor collects the temperature change of the component to be derated under severe peak conditions during the peak time, which is the continuous temperature rise under the severe peak conditions.

14. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining the continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions, the continuous temperature rise under real-time peak operating conditions, and the continuous temperature rise under severe peak operating conditions are as follows: The continuous temperature rise under real-time continuous operating conditions is the integral of the real-time operating temperature rise factor over the duration. The continuous temperature rise under severe operating conditions is the integral of the severe operating condition temperature rise factor over the duration. The continuous temperature rise under real-time peak conditions is the integral of the real-time temperature rise factor over the peak time. The sustained temperature rise under severe peak conditions is the integral of the severe condition temperature rise factor over the peak time.

15. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the real-time operating temperature rise factor is as follows: The temperature rise per unit time of the component to be derated is determined by experimental measurement under real-time operating conditions. The method for obtaining the severe operating condition temperature rise factor is as follows: The temperature rise per unit time of the component to be derated is determined by experimental measurement.

16. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The real-time operating condition temperature rise factor and the severe operating condition temperature rise factor are obtained as follows: The thermal energy flow topology of the components to be derated is analyzed, and a thermal simulation model is built for each component to be derated. Under real-time operating conditions, within a unit of time, the heat obtained by the component to be derated from each element in the thermal simulation model is added together, and then the heat loss of the component to be derated is subtracted to obtain the real-time operating temperature rise factor. Under harsh operating conditions, within a unit of time, the heat obtained by the component to be derated from each element in the thermal simulation model is added together, and then the heat loss of the component to be derated is subtracted. This sum is the temperature rise factor under harsh operating conditions.

17. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, A lookup table is constructed based on the obtained real-time operating temperature rise factor and the severe operating temperature rise factor.

18. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The component for determining the rate reduction includes any one or more of the following components: battery cell, controller semiconductor, motor stator, motor rotor, and reducer oil temperature.

19. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The component to be derated is the motor stator.

20. The method for determining the derating of electric vehicle components as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The calculation method for the continuous temperature rise of the motor stator under real-time peak operating conditions is as follows: The real-time operating temperature rise factor is integral over the peak time; The calculation method for the continuous temperature rise of the motor stator under severe peak operating conditions is as follows: Integral of the temperature rise factor under severe operating conditions over peak time; The peak time is the time it takes for the motor stator to rise from the real-time temperature to the final temperature under severe peak operating conditions. The final temperature under severe peak conditions is the greater of the temperature at the end of the first acceleration / deceleration road spectrum and the temperature at the end of the last acceleration / deceleration road spectrum. The temperature at the end of the first acceleration / deceleration path is the temperature of the motor stator before the start of the first acceleration / deceleration path plus the temperature rise during the first acceleration / deceleration path. The temperature at the end of the last acceleration / deceleration path spectrum is the temperature before the start of the first acceleration / deceleration path spectrum in the electronic stator plus the temperature rise at the end of the last acceleration / deceleration path spectrum.

21. A device for determining the derating of electric vehicle components, characterized in that, include: Data acquisition module, real-time threshold calculation module, and deduction judgment module; The data acquisition module acquires the real-time temperature of several components of the electric vehicle that are to be derated. The real-time threshold calculation module calculates a real-time threshold for each component to be derated. The real-time threshold is calculated by the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions, under severe continuous operating conditions, under real-time peak operating conditions, and under severe peak operating conditions. The derating determination module compares the real-time temperature of the component to be drated with the real-time threshold. If the real-time temperature is greater than the real-time threshold, derating is determined; otherwise, derating is not performed. The real-time threshold calculation module divides the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time continuous operating conditions by the continuous temperature rise under severe continuous operating conditions to obtain the first data. The real-time threshold calculation module divides the continuous temperature rise of the component to be derated under real-time peak conditions by the continuous temperature rise under severe peak conditions to obtain the second data. The real-time threshold calculation module selects the larger of the first and second data as the real-time threshold.

22. The electric vehicle component derating determination device as described in claim 21, characterized in that, It also includes a rate reduction execution module, which executes the judgment sent by the rate reduction judgment module.

23. A storage medium storing a plurality of instructions, wherein a processor executes the instructions to implement the electric vehicle component derating determination method according to claims 1 to 20.

24. A vehicle comprising the electric vehicle component derating determination device of claim 21 or 22, and / or the storage medium of claim 23; the vehicle further comprising a pure electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle.

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