Single cell, single cell forming process and battery module

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of battery technology and relates to a single cell, a single cell molding process, and a battery module. The single cell includes a first electrode plate, a membrane electrode, and a second electrode plate stacked sequentially. Multiple sets of flow channel inlets and outlets are correspondingly provided on the frame of the membrane electrode, the first electrode plate, and the second electrode plate. A first sealing groove is provided between the first electrode plate and the membrane electrode, and a second sealing groove is provided between the second electrode plate and the membrane electrode. The extension paths of the first and second sealing grooves bypass the flow channel inlets and outlets. A first injection hole communicating with the first sealing groove is provided on the first electrode plate, and an electrode vent hole communicating with the second sealing groove is provided on the second electrode plate. An electrode injection hole and an electrode vent hole are provided on the membrane electrode. This application achieves a single-sided integrated injection connection of the single cell by setting a path for injection at the first electrode plate and venting at the second electrode plate, which can improve the uniformity and synchronization of integrated injection, prevent cavitation, and improve the sealing connection effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a single cell, a single cell molding process, and a battery module. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy in fuel and oxidant into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. A hydrogen fuel cell includes components such as anode plates, cathode plates, and membrane electrode assemblies, as well as sealing elements that provide specific areas for hydrogen, oxygen, and coolant to carry out electrochemical reactions to achieve power generation. Vehicle fuel cells typically require hundreds of cells connected in series to provide sufficient voltage and power. Therefore, the fuel cell stack needs to be constructed by alternately stacking and pressing bipolar plate assemblies and membrane electrode assemblies. During the alternate stacking process, the areas between the plates and between the plates and the membrane electrode are divided into independent areas to serve as channels for the flow of different gases or liquids. To prevent cross-contamination of gases or liquids between the various channels, sealing structures must be provided between the plates and between the plates and the membrane electrode.

[0003] In existing single-cell structures, the sealing structures between the plates and between the plates and the membrane electrode assembly can be independent sealing rings, positioned by the clamping force generated during the pressing of the plates and membrane electrode assemblies. Alternatively, the sealing rings can be fixed by creating grooves or positioning structures on the mounting frame of the plates or membrane electrode assemblies. However, this sealing method is prone to poor sealing and gas cross-contamination due to the limited dimensional control and installation accuracy of the sealing rings. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN216084951U discloses a sealing structure for a fuel cell, including bipolar plates, a membrane electrode assembly, and sealing rings disposed between them. Multiple slots are provided in the sealing grooves of the bipolar plates and / or on the frame of the membrane electrode assembly. Adhesive is injected into the slots to integrate them with two sealing rings located on the upper, lower, or sides of the frame of the membrane electrode assembly. In this structure, the sealing rings are essentially still independent components. While the multiple sealing rings are connected by injecting adhesive into the slots, this can reduce sealing ring misalignment to some extent, but the improvement in sealing performance is limited.

[0004] With advancements in manufacturing processes, single-cell structures have emerged that directly inject adhesive between electrodes and between electrodes and the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) to form a sealed structure. The advantage of this is that the sealed structure, after injection molding, can simultaneously serve as a connection structure between electrodes or between electrodes and the MEA, simplifying the manufacturing process of press-fit connections in traditional structures. Compared to traditional press-fit sealing rings, it offers better sealing performance. For example, Chinese patent CN214176078U discloses a non-welded metal plate single-cell sealing structure, comprising a single cell formed by stacking an anode plate, a MEA, and a cathode plate. The main air channel passes through an air-side inlet duct, through an air-side boss on the cathode plate, and connects to the cathode flow field. The main hydrogen channel passes through a hydrogen-side inlet duct, through a hydrogen-side boss on the anode plate, and connects to the anode flow field. The air-side boss on the anode plate connects to the water-side boss on the anode plate via a first channel. A first connecting hole is provided on the membrane electrode frame between the protrusions. The water-side protrusion of the cathode plate is connected to the hydrogen-side protrusion of the cathode plate through a second channel. The air-side protrusion of the anode plate, the first channel, the water-side protrusion of the anode plate, the water-side protrusion of the cathode plate, the second channel, and the hydrogen-side protrusion of the cathode plate are integrated to form a sealing ring. In this structure, the integrated injection to form a sealing ring can improve the sealing effect of the single cell. However, the impact of the injection process itself on the performance of the single cell is not specifically considered. Therefore, the above structure still has shortcomings. On the one hand, the membrane electrode is usually made of soft material. The membrane electrode is located between two plates. If the pressure of the injected adhesive on both sides is uneven, it will squeeze the membrane electrode and easily cause the membrane electrode to deform. The existing injection method does not consider how to balance the pressure on both sides of the membrane electrode during injection. On the other hand, the design of the venting path is not considered. Air is easily left behind during injection, forming cavitation and affecting the sealing connection effect after injection.

[0005] In summary, the existing single-cell structure has at least the following defects: When the existing single cell is sealed and connected by an integrated glue injection method, it is impossible to ensure that each layer can be filled evenly at the same time during the glue injection process. This results in inconsistent pressure levels on both sides of the membrane electrode, which is prone to deformation. At the same time, air is easily left behind during glue injection, forming cavitation, which affects the sealing connection effect after glue injection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a membrane electrode and a single cell to solve the problems that when existing single cells are sealed and connected by an integrated glue injection method, it is impossible to ensure that each layer can be filled evenly at the same time during the glue injection process, resulting in inconsistent pressure levels on both sides of the membrane electrode, which is prone to deformation. At the same time, air is easily left behind during glue injection, forming cavitation, which affects the sealing connection effect after glue injection.

[0007] To achieve the above and related objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a single battery, comprising:

[0008] A membrane electrode, comprising a frame and a membrane assembly, wherein a reaction zone is disposed in the middle of the frame and the membrane assembly is disposed within the reaction zone;

[0009] The electrode assembly includes a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode, the membrane electrode and the second electrode are stacked in sequence.

[0010] Multiple sets of flow channel inlets and outlets are correspondingly provided on the frame, the first electrode plate, and the second electrode plate;

[0011] A first sealing groove is provided between the first electrode plate and the membrane electrode, and a second sealing groove is provided between the second electrode plate and the membrane electrode. The extension trajectories of the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove are arranged around one or more of the flow channel inlets and outlets. A first glue injection hole communicating with the first sealing groove is provided on the first electrode plate, and an electrode vent hole communicating with the second sealing groove is provided on the second electrode plate. An electrode glue injection hole and an electrode vent hole are provided on the membrane electrode. The electrode glue injection hole communicates with the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove, and the electrode vent hole communicates with the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove. The position of the first glue injection hole corresponds to the position of the electrode glue injection hole.

[0012] The single battery is injected with glue through the first injection hole to form a first sealing ring in the first sealing groove and a second sealing ring in the second sealing groove, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are connected as one unit.

[0013] Furthermore, a second injection hole is provided on the second electrode plate for communicating with the second sealing groove and the outside. When injecting glue into the single cell, a third sealing ring is formed on the side of the second electrode plate away from the membrane electrode through the second injection hole. The third sealing ring is connected to the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring as a whole. Through a single-sided injection process, an integrated three-layer sealing structure can be formed on the outside of the first sealing groove, the second sealing groove, and the second electrode plate. When the single cells are stacked, the sealing structure on the outside of the second electrode plate serves as the sealing structure between the single cells, which can replace the existing independent sealing ring. This can effectively reduce the number of parts in the single cell module structure, reduce the sealing assembly process and sealing process cost of the single cell module structure, and at the same time, the three-layer sealing structure can reduce the misalignment of the sealing structure and improve the sealing quality of the single cell.

[0014] Furthermore, the first injection hole has the same diameter as the electrode injection hole. During the injection process, this helps to ensure that the flow rate of the liquid adhesive in the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove is consistent, avoiding untimely venting due to the large difference in the time it takes for the adhesive to fill the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove. At the same time, it helps to ensure that the injection pressure in the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove is consistent, avoiding deformation of the membrane electrode under pressure during the injection process.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the second injection hole is smaller than that of the electrode injection hole, ensuring that before the liquid adhesive covers all the second injection holes along the extension path of the second sealing groove on the outside of the second electrode plate, the gas in the first and second sealing grooves can be completely discharged through the electrode vent hole and the electrode plate vent hole, which helps to further avoid the formation of air cavitation during the injection process.

[0016] Furthermore, multiple first injection holes are provided on the first electrode plate, and multiple electrode injection holes are provided, which improves injection efficiency and helps to ensure the consistency of the overall flow trend of liquid adhesive in the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove.

[0017] Furthermore, at least one electrode vent hole is provided between two adjacent electrode injection holes, which helps to improve the venting effect and prevents the formation of air cavitation due to untimely gas discharge between the two injection positions during the simultaneous injection of glue at two injection positions.

[0018] Furthermore, along the extension direction of the first sealing groove, the distance between the electrode vent hole and its two adjacent electrode injection holes is equal, which helps to further improve the venting effect and ensure that the gas between the two electrode injection holes can be exhausted simultaneously when the first sealing groove is filled with liquid adhesive. This prevents the formation of air cavitation due to untimely gas discharge between the two injection positions during the simultaneous injection of adhesive at the two injection positions.

[0019] Furthermore, the second injection hole is provided in multiple locations, and the locations of these holes correspond to the locations of the electrode injection holes, which helps to improve the synchronization of the three-layer injection and increase the injection efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, at least one of the electrode plate vent holes is provided between two adjacent second injection holes, which helps to improve the venting effect and prevents the formation of air cavitation due to untimely gas discharge between the two injection positions during the simultaneous injection of glue at the two injection positions.

[0021] Furthermore, along the extension direction of the second sealing groove, the distance between the electrode plate vent hole and its two adjacent second injection holes is equal, which helps to further improve the venting effect and ensure that the gas between the two second injection holes can be exhausted at the same time when the second sealing groove is filled with liquid adhesive. This prevents the formation of air cavitation due to untimely gas discharge between the two injection positions during the simultaneous injection of adhesive at the two injection positions.

[0022] Furthermore, the location of the exhaust port on the electrode plate corresponds to the location of the exhaust port on the electrode, which reduces the bends in the air passage during exhaust, improves the exhaust effect, and further avoids the formation of cavitation.

[0023] Furthermore, the first electrode plate is provided with a first protrusion facing the membrane electrode, and the first protrusion is located in the first sealing groove. The second electrode plate is provided with a second protrusion facing the membrane electrode, and the second protrusion is located in the second sealing groove. This helps to ensure the stability of the sealing structure after the adhesive has solidified and prevents the sealing structure from shifting and affecting the sealing effect.

[0024] Furthermore, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged opposite to each other and both abut against the membrane electrode, which can clamp the membrane electrode, improve the overall structural strength of the single cell, and help to further prevent the membrane electrode from deforming during the glue injection process.

[0025] In summary, the single cell in this embodiment achieves a single-sided integrated glue injection connection by setting a path for glue inlet on the first electrode plate and venting on the second electrode plate, avoiding air residue and cavitation. By setting the first glue injection hole and electrode glue injection hole at corresponding positions, the synchronous filling of liquid glue in the first and second sealing grooves is ensured, which can effectively improve the uniformity and synchronicity of the integrated glue injection of the single cell, effectively improve the consistency of the pressure level on both sides of the membrane electrode, and at the same time greatly avoid air residue during glue injection, prevent the formation of cavitation, and improve the sealing connection effect after glue injection.

[0026] Secondly, this application also provides a single-cell molding process, which uses a glue injection mold to integrally mold the single cell as described above. The glue injection mold includes a fixed mold and a moving mold, and the moving mold is provided with a glue injection channel. The single-cell molding process includes:

[0027] The first electrode plate, the membrane electrode, and the second electrode plate are stacked sequentially from top to bottom into the cavity of the fixed mold;

[0028] The moving mold is closed onto one side of the cavity of the fixed mold to press the stacked first electrode plate, the membrane electrode, and the second electrode plate together, and to align the injection channel with the first injection hole.

[0029] Glue is injected through the injection channel of the moving mold so that the liquid glue fills the first sealing groove and fills the second sealing groove through the electrode injection hole. The gas in the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove is discharged through the electrode vent hole and the electrode plate vent hole.

[0030] After the adhesive is injected and cured, the liquid adhesive filling the first and second sealing grooves solidifies to form an interconnected, integrated sealing structure.

[0031] Thirdly, this application also provides a battery module, including a housing and a plurality of single batteries as described above stacked within the housing.

[0032] In summary, the single cell, single cell molding process, and battery module provided by this invention achieve single-sided integrated glue injection connection of the single cell by setting a path for glue injection on the first electrode plate and venting on the second electrode plate, avoiding air residue and cavitation. By setting the first glue injection hole and electrode glue injection hole at corresponding positions, the synchronous filling of liquid glue in the first and second sealing grooves is ensured, which can effectively improve the uniformity and synchronicity of the integrated glue injection of the single cell, effectively improve the consistency of the pressure level on both sides of the membrane electrode, and at the same time greatly avoid air residue during glue injection, prevent the formation of cavitation, and improve the sealing connection effect after glue injection. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a single cell after glue injection, illustrating an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single cell before glue injection, illustrating an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the assembly relationship of a single cell after glue injection, as an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a membrane electrode shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode plate shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second electrode plate shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the exhaust path of a single battery as illustrated in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 8 This demonstrates an application scenario for the integrated encapsulation of a single cell using a single-cell molding process.

[0041] in:

[0042] 1-Membrane electrode; 10-First sealing groove; 100-Flow channel inlet / outlet; 101-Frame; 1011-Reaction zone; 102-Membrane module; 11-Electrode injection hole; 12-Electrode vent hole; 2-First electrode plate; 20-Second sealing groove; 21-First injection hole; 3-Second electrode plate; 31-Second injection hole; 32-Electrode plate vent hole; 4-First sealing ring; 5-Second sealing ring; 6-Third sealing ring; 71-Fixed mold; 72-Moving mold; 721-Injection channel. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0045] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-7 This application exemplarily illustrates a structural scheme for a single cell, which includes a membrane electrode 1 and an electrode assembly, wherein:

[0046] The membrane electrode 1 includes a frame 101 and a membrane assembly 102. A reaction zone 1011 is disposed in the middle of the frame 101, and the membrane assembly 102 is disposed within the reaction zone 1011. The frame 101 is a frame structure used to fix the membrane assembly 102. The frame 101 is also used to connect with the electrode plate and cooperate to form the flow channels of different liquids in the electrochemical reaction and the reaction zone 1011. Here, the membrane assembly 102 refers to the carrier in the membrane electrode 1 used for the electrochemical reaction. In terms of composition, it can be, for example, a three-in-one assembly formed by hot pressing a proton exchange membrane, a catalytic layer electrode, and a diffusion layer after impregnation with perfluorosulfonic acid membrane liquid under certain temperature and pressure, and disposed in the membrane electrode 1. The two electrode plates together form the fuel cell stack. It should be understood that the division of the structural parts of the membrane electrode 1 in this embodiment is for the convenience of understanding the implementation scheme. In some conventional descriptions in the art, the membrane assembly 102 described in this embodiment is broadly referred to as membrane electrode 1 based on the main function of the membrane electrode 1, according to the differences in specific scenarios. Therefore, when understanding the structure of the membrane electrode 1 in this embodiment, the actual functions of the frame 101 and the membrane assembly 102 can also be broadly understood, that is, the part with the function of support and fixation and the part as the electrochemical reaction substrate, rather than just using the difference in naming as the standard for structural differentiation.

[0047] The electrode assembly includes a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 3. The first electrode 2, the membrane electrode 1, and the second electrode 3 are stacked in sequence. It is worth noting that in the existing single cell structure, it is generally a bipolar structure, that is, a cathode that gains electrons in the electrochemical reaction and an anode that loses electrons in the electrochemical reaction. In this embodiment, the first electrode 2 is, for example, an anode plate, and the second electrode 3 is, for example, a cathode plate. In another embodiment, the first electrode 2 is, for example, a cathode plate, and the second electrode 3 is, for example, an anode plate.

[0048] In this embodiment, multiple sets of flow channel inlets and outlets 100 are correspondingly provided on the frame 101, the first electrode plate 2, and the second electrode plate 3. It is worth noting that in a single cell, such as in a hydrogen fuel cell, a flow channel is formed between the membrane electrode 1 and the electrode plate of a single cell in the reaction zone 1011, which allows hydrogen, oxygen or air, and cooling water to pass through to achieve the redox reaction. The flow channel inlets and outlets 100 are the inlets and outlets of each flow channel on the single cell. Generally, they are openings that extend through the thickness direction of the single cell. For example, in this embodiment, the flow channel inlets and outlets 100 are provided on the frame 101 and at corresponding positions on the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3.

[0049] A first sealing groove 10 is provided between the first electrode plate 2 and the membrane electrode 1, and a second sealing groove 20 is provided between the second electrode plate 3 and the membrane electrode 1. The extension trajectories of the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 extend around one or more flow channel inlets and outlets 100. It should be understood that the first sealing groove 10 should be understood as a groove-shaped cavity formed between the first electrode plate 2 and the membrane electrode 1 when they are bonded together, for filling liquid adhesive. Similarly, the second sealing groove 20 should be understood as a groove-shaped cavity formed between the second electrode plate 3 and the membrane electrode 1 when they are bonded together, for filling liquid adhesive. The extension trajectory of the first sealing groove 10 refers to its position on the membrane electrode 1. The setting path on electrode 1 and first electrode plate 2, the extension trajectory of second sealing groove 20 refers to its setting path on membrane electrode 1 and second electrode plate 3. Depending on the sealing requirements, the extension trajectory of first sealing groove 10 and second sealing groove 20 can be a trajectory that bypasses and completely surrounds different flow channel inlets and outlets 100, or a trajectory that bypasses but does not completely surround each flow channel inlet and outlet 100, or a combination of the above two, that is, the extension trajectory of first sealing groove 10 and second sealing groove 20 bypasses and completely surrounds a part of the flow channel inlets and outlets 100, and bypasses but does not completely surround another part of the flow channel inlets and outlets 100.

[0050] The first electrode plate 2 has a first injection hole 21 communicating with the first sealing groove 10. The second electrode plate 3 has an electrode vent 32 communicating with the second sealing groove 20. The membrane electrode 1 has an electrode injection hole 11 and an electrode vent 12. Specifically, the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 are formed at the position of the frame 101 of the membrane electrode 1. The electrode injection hole 11 and the electrode vent 12 are also formed on the frame 101 of the membrane electrode 1. The electrode injection hole 11 communicates with the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20. The electrode vent 12 communicates with the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20. The position of the first injection hole 21 corresponds to the position of the electrode injection hole 11. The single cell is injected with glue through the first injection hole 21 to form a first sealing ring 4 in the first sealing groove 10 and a second sealing ring 5 in the second sealing groove 20. The first sealing ring 4 and the second sealing ring 5 are connected as one unit.

[0051] Regarding the above implementation method, it is worth noting that when injecting adhesive between the component electrode plate and the membrane electrode 1 through the first injection hole 21, the liquid adhesive first enters the first sealing groove 10 through the first injection hole 21. Since the position of the first injection hole 21 corresponds to the position of the electrode injection hole 11, the liquid adhesive, upon being injected into the first injection hole 21, immediately reaches the electrode injection hole 11 and then enters the second sealing groove 20 from the corresponding position. That is, the positions where the liquid adhesive is injected into the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 are exactly on both sides of the same position on the membrane electrode 1, and the filling process of the liquid adhesive in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 will be carried out synchronously. During the adhesive injection process, the liquid adhesive generates pressure that balances each other, thus preventing excessive compression of the membrane electrode 1 and its deformation. In addition, since the membrane electrode 1 has an electrode vent hole 12 and the second electrode plate 3 has an electrode plate vent hole 32, during the process of the liquid adhesive filling the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20, the gas in the groove is squeezed out to the outside of the second electrode plate 3 through the electrode vent hole 12 and the electrode plate vent hole 32. This prevents the liquid adhesive from filling unevenly due to residual air in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20, which would cause uneven pressure on both sides of the membrane electrode 1. It also prevents residual air from forming cavitation after the liquid adhesive has cured, which would affect the sealing connection effect.

[0052] In summary, the single cell in this embodiment achieves a single-sided integrated glue injection connection by setting a path for glue inlet on the first electrode plate 2 and venting on the second electrode plate 3, avoiding air residue and cavitation. By setting the first glue injection hole 21 and electrode glue injection hole 11 at corresponding positions, the synchronous filling of liquid glue in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 is ensured, which can effectively improve the uniformity and synchronicity of the integrated glue injection of the single cell, effectively improve the consistency of the pressure level on both sides of the membrane electrode 1, and at the same time greatly avoid air residue during glue injection, prevent the formation of cavitation, and improve the sealing connection effect after glue injection.

[0053] In this embodiment, a second injection hole 31 is provided on the second electrode plate 3 for communicating with the second sealing groove 20 and the outside. When injecting glue into a single cell, a third sealing ring 6 is formed on the side of the second electrode plate 3 away from the membrane electrode 1 through the second injection hole 31. The third sealing ring 6 is connected to the first sealing ring 4 and the second sealing ring 5 as a whole. Through a single-sided injection process, a three-layer sealing structure can be formed on the outside of the first sealing groove 10, the second sealing groove 20 and the second electrode plate 3. When single cells are stacked, the sealing structure on the outside of the second electrode plate 3 serves as the sealing structure between single cells. It can replace the independent sealing ring used for sealing between single cells when stacking single cells, which can effectively reduce the number of parts in the single cell module structure, reduce the sealing assembly process and sealing process cost of the single cell module structure, and at the same time, the three-layer sealing structure can reduce the misalignment of the sealing structure and improve the sealing quality of the single cell.

[0054] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 An exploded view of the single cell in the above embodiment after glue injection is shown. The single cell structure includes a three-layer main structure of a first electrode plate 2, a second electrode plate 3, and a membrane electrode 1, as well as a three-layer sealing structure of a first sealing ring 4, a second sealing ring 5, and a third sealing ring 6. Figure 3 This is merely a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the layers. In a single cell, the first sealing ring 4, the second sealing ring 5, and the third sealing ring 6 are integrally injection molded and connected as a whole three-layer structure.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first injection hole 21 has the same diameter as the electrode injection hole 11. It is worth noting that during the injection process, the liquid adhesive is injected under pressure. Therefore, the flow rate of the liquid adhesive is extremely fast in the thickness direction of the single cell, and the single cell thickness is relatively small. In this embodiment, the first injection hole 21 and the electrode injection hole 11 are positioned correspondingly, so it can be considered that the liquid adhesive is injected simultaneously into the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20. During this process, the only factor affecting the filling speed of the liquid adhesive in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 is the liquid adhesive entering the first sealing groove 10. The inlet size of 0 and the inlet size of the second sealing groove 20 are the same as the diameter of the first injection hole 21 and the electrode injection hole 11. In this embodiment, the diameter of the first injection hole 21 and the electrode injection hole 11 are the same. Therefore, the flow and filling speed of the liquid adhesive in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 are consistent. This avoids the problem of untimely venting due to the large difference in the time it takes for the adhesive to fill the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20. At the same time, it helps to ensure that the injection pressure in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 is consistent, and avoids the membrane electrode 1 from being deformed by pressure during the injection process.

[0056] In this embodiment, the diameter of the second injection hole 31 is smaller than that of the electrode injection hole 11. It should be understood that the second injection hole 31 is used for injection of adhesive onto the outer side of the second electrode plate 3. Therefore, in some embodiments, an injection groove located on the outer side of the second electrode plate 3 can be formed by pressing a mold onto the outer side of the second electrode plate 3. Adhesive is then injected from the second sealing groove 20 into the injection groove on the outer side of the second electrode plate 3 using the second injection hole 31. During this process, if the diameter of the second injection hole 31 is too large, causing the liquid adhesive in the injection groove to fill too quickly, it may block the electrode plate vent hole 32 from the outer side of the second electrode plate 3 before the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 are completely filled and gas remains, thus preventing the electrode plate vent hole 32 from being blocked. During the glue injection process, the second glue injection hole 31 is set to have a smaller diameter than the electrode glue injection hole 11. This ensures that when the flow rate of the liquid glue outside the second electrode plate 3 is slower than the flow rate of the glue inside the single cell, the plate vent hole 32 on the second electrode plate 3 will not be blocked before the gas inside the single cell is discharged along the same liquid glue flow path. This ensures that before the liquid glue covers all the second glue injection holes 31 along the extension path of the second sealing groove 20 outside the second electrode plate 3, the gas in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 can be completely discharged through the electrode vent hole 12 and the plate vent hole 32, which helps to further avoid the formation of air cavitation during the glue injection process.

[0057] In this embodiment, multiple first glue injection holes 21 are provided on the first electrode plate 2, and multiple electrode glue injection holes 11 are provided. The multiple first glue injection holes 21 divide the first sealing groove 10 into multiple liquid glue flow segments. The liquid glue is filled synchronously in the segment, which helps to improve the synchronization of glue injection in the first sealing groove 10, improve glue injection efficiency, and at the same time help to further ensure the consistency of liquid glue flow in the first sealing groove 10.

[0058] In this embodiment, at least one electrode vent hole 12 is provided between two adjacent electrode injection holes 11, which helps to improve the venting effect and prevents the formation of air cavitation due to untimely gas discharge between the two injection positions during the simultaneous injection of glue at two injection positions.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, along the extension direction of the first sealing groove 10, the distance between the electrode vent hole 12 and its two adjacent electrode injection holes 11 is equal. It should be understood that the distance here is based on the extension direction of the first sealing groove 10, that is, the extension lengths between them are equal, not the straight-line distances. In this structure, since the position of the electrode injection hole 11 corresponds to the first injection hole 21, the distance between the electrode vent hole 12 and its two adjacent first injection holes 21 is equal. After the first injection holes 21 on both sides of the electrode vent hole 12 are filled with glue, the liquid glue flows from both sides to the electrode vent hole 12 in the same amount of time. Therefore, in the first sealing groove 10, the position where the electrode vent hole 12 is located is the last to be filled with liquid glue, so that the gas can be fully discharged, which is beneficial to further improve the venting effect and ensure that the gas between the two electrode injection holes 11 can be discharged simultaneously when the first sealing groove 10 is filled with liquid glue. This prevents the formation of air cavitation due to untimely gas discharge between the two injection positions during the simultaneous injection of glue at the two injection positions.

[0060] In this embodiment, multiple second injection holes 31 are provided, and their positions correspond to the positions of the electrode injection holes 11. That is, it can be understood that in this embodiment, the first injection hole 21, the electrode injection hole 11, and the second injection hole 31 are located on the same straight line in the thickness direction of the single cell, so that the first sealing groove 10, the second sealing groove 20, and the outer side of the second electrode plate 3 can be injected with glue simultaneously, reducing the bending of the liquid glue flow path, which is beneficial to improving the synchronization of the three-layer glue injection and improving the glue injection efficiency.

[0061] In this embodiment, at least one electrode plate vent hole 32 is provided between two adjacent second injection holes 31, which helps to improve the venting effect and prevents the gas between the two injection positions from not being discharged in time and forming a cavitation during the process of simultaneous injection at two injection positions.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, along the extending direction of the second sealing groove 20, the distance between the electrode vent hole 32 and its two adjacent second injection holes 31 is equal. It should be understood that this distance is based on the extending direction of the first sealing groove 10, that is, the extension lengths between them are equal, not the linear distances. The advantage of this structure can be compared with the arrangement of the electrode vent hole 12 in this embodiment. In this structure, since the position of the second injection hole 31 corresponds to the electrode injection hole 11, the distance between the electrode vent hole 32 and its two adjacent electrode injection holes 31 is equal. The spacing between the two electrodes is equal. After the glue is injected into the electrode injection holes 11 on both sides of the electrode vent hole 32, the liquid glue flows from both sides to the electrode vent hole 12 in the same amount of time. Therefore, in the second sealing groove 20, the position of the electrode vent hole 32 is the last to be filled with liquid glue, so that the gas can be fully discharged, which is conducive to further improving the venting effect and ensuring that the gas between the two second injection holes 31 can be discharged at the same time when the second sealing groove 20 is filled with liquid glue. This prevents the formation of air cavitation due to the gas not being discharged in time during the simultaneous injection of glue at the two injection positions.

[0063] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The cross-sectional structure of a single cell at the venting path formed by the plate venting hole 32 and the electrode venting hole 12 is shown. The position of the plate venting hole 32 corresponds to the position of the electrode venting hole 12. On the one hand, this helps to ensure the consistency of the venting position of the glue injection grooves on both sides of the membrane electrode 1, and avoids uneven pressure on both sides of the membrane electrode 1 due to the difference in venting position. On the other hand, it helps to reduce the bends in the gas passage during venting, and reduce the length of the gas path that needs to flow when it is discharged, thereby improving the venting effect and further avoiding the formation of cavitation.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first electrode plate 2 is provided with a first protrusion facing the membrane electrode 1, and the first protrusion is located in the first sealing groove 10. The second electrode plate 3 is provided with a second protrusion facing the membrane electrode 1, and the second protrusion is located in the second sealing groove 20. In this embodiment, the first and second protrusions are formed by stamping the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 to form a rib structure facing the membrane electrode 1. In other embodiments, the first and second protrusions can also be protrusion mechanisms formed on the side of the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 facing the membrane electrode 1 by casting, die casting or other processes. After the first sealing ring 4 and the second sealing ring 5 are formed by injecting glue into the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20, the first protrusion is fitted with the first sealing ring 4 and the second protrusion is fitted with the second sealing ring 5. This helps to ensure the stability of the sealing structure after the glue solidifies and prevents the sealing structure from shifting and affecting the sealing effect.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged opposite to each other and both abut against the membrane electrode 1, which can clamp the membrane electrode 1, improve the overall structural strength of the single cell, and help to further prevent the membrane electrode 1 from deforming during the glue injection process.

[0066] In another embodiment, this application also exemplarily illustrates a single-cell molding process, which uses a molding die to integrally mold the single cell in the foregoing embodiment. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This illustrates an application scenario of single-cell molding process for integrated injection molding of a single cell. The injection mold includes a moving mold 72 and a fixed mold 71. The moving mold 72 is provided with an injection channel 721. The single-cell molding process includes the following steps:

[0067] The first electrode plate 2, the membrane electrode 1, and the second electrode plate 3 are stacked from top to bottom into the cavity of the fixed mold 71;

[0068] The moving mold 72 is closed onto one side of the cavity of the fixed mold 71 to press the stacked first electrode plate 2, membrane electrode 1, and second electrode plate 3 together, and to align the injection channel 721 with the first injection hole 21.

[0069] Glue is injected through the injection channel 721 of the moving mold 72 so that the liquid glue fills the first sealing groove 10 and fills the second sealing groove 20 through the electrode injection hole 11. The gas in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 is discharged through the electrode exhaust hole 12 and the electrode plate exhaust hole 32.

[0070] After the adhesive is injected and cured, the liquid adhesive filling the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 is cured to form an interconnected integrated sealing structure.

[0071] The single-cell molding process described above integrates the single cell into a single cell. By setting a path for the first electrode plate 2 to inject adhesive and the second electrode plate 3 to vent the air, the single cell achieves a one-sided integrated adhesive injection connection, avoiding air residue and cavitation. Furthermore, by setting the first adhesive injection hole 21 and the electrode adhesive injection hole 11 at corresponding positions, the synchronous filling of the liquid adhesive in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 is ensured. This effectively improves the uniformity and synchronicity of the integrated adhesive injection of the single cell, effectively improves the consistency of the pressure level on both sides of the membrane electrode 1, and greatly avoids air residue during adhesive injection, preventing the formation of cavitation and improving the sealing connection effect after adhesive injection.

[0072] In another embodiment, this application also provides a battery module, including a housing and a plurality of single batteries as shown in the foregoing embodiments stacked within the housing.

[0073] The single cell used in the above-mentioned battery module achieves single-sided integrated glue injection connection by setting a path for glue inlet on the first electrode plate 2 and venting on the second electrode plate 3, avoiding air residue and cavitation. By setting the first glue injection hole 21 and electrode glue injection hole 11 at corresponding positions, the synchronous filling of liquid glue in the first sealing groove 10 and the second sealing groove 20 is ensured, which can effectively improve the uniformity and synchronicity of the single cell integrated glue injection, effectively improve the consistency of the pressure level on both sides of the membrane electrode 1, and at the same time greatly avoid air residue during glue injection, prevent the formation of cavitation, and help improve the sealing connection effect after glue injection.

[0074] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention or are preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, nor is the scope of protection of the present invention limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention, and equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single battery, characterized in that, include: A membrane electrode, comprising a frame and a membrane assembly, wherein a reaction zone is disposed in the middle of the frame and the membrane assembly is disposed within the reaction zone; The electrode assembly includes a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode, the membrane electrode and the second electrode are stacked in sequence. Multiple sets of flow channel inlets and outlets are correspondingly provided on the frame, the first electrode plate, and the second electrode plate; A first sealing groove is provided between the first electrode plate and the membrane electrode, and a second sealing groove is provided between the second electrode plate and the membrane electrode. Both the first and second sealing grooves are formed at the edge of the membrane electrode. The extension trajectories of the first and second sealing grooves bypass one or more of the flow channel inlets and outlets. A first injection hole communicating with the first sealing groove is provided on the first electrode plate, and an electrode vent hole communicating with the second sealing groove is provided on the second electrode plate. An electrode injection hole and an electrode vent hole are provided on the membrane electrode. Both the electrode injection hole and the electrode vent hole are provided on the edge of the membrane electrode. The electrode injection hole communicates with the first and second sealing grooves, and the electrode vent hole communicates with the first and second sealing grooves. The first injection hole and the electrode injection hole are coaxially arranged in the thickness direction of the single cell. The single battery is injected with glue through the first injection hole to form a first sealing ring in the first sealing groove and a second sealing ring in the second sealing groove, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are connected as one unit.

2. The single battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second electrode plate has a second injection hole for communicating with the outside of the second sealing groove. When the single cell is injected with glue, a third sealing ring is formed on the side of the second electrode plate away from the membrane electrode through the second injection hole. The third sealing ring is connected to the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring as a whole.

3. The single battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first injection hole has the same diameter as the electrode injection hole.

4. The single battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the second injection hole is smaller than the diameter of the electrode injection hole.

5. The single battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple first glue injection holes are provided on the first electrode plate, and multiple electrode glue injection holes are provided.

6. The single battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one electrode vent hole is provided between two adjacent electrode injection holes.

7. The single battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the extending direction of the first sealing groove, the distance between the electrode vent hole and its two adjacent electrode injection holes is equal.

8. The single battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second injection hole is provided in multiple parts and is coaxially arranged with the electrode injection hole in the thickness direction of the single cell.

9. The single battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: At least one of the electrode plate vent holes is provided between two adjacent second injection holes.

10. The single battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the second sealing groove, the distance between the electrode plate vent hole and its two adjacent second glue injection holes is equal.

11. The single battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate vent and the electrode vent are coaxially arranged in the thickness direction of the single cell.

12. The single battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode plate is provided with a first protrusion facing the membrane electrode, and the first protrusion is located in the first sealing groove. The second electrode plate is provided with a second protrusion facing the membrane electrode, and the second protrusion is located in the second sealing groove.

13. The single cell according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged opposite to each other and both abut against the membrane electrode.

14. A single-cell molding process, characterized in that, A single-cell molding process as described in any one of claims 1-13 is performed using a glue injection mold, wherein the glue injection mold includes a fixed mold and a movable mold, and the movable mold is provided with a glue injection channel; the single-cell molding process includes: The first electrode plate, the membrane electrode, and the second electrode plate are stacked sequentially from top to bottom into the cavity of the fixed mold; The moving mold is closed onto one side of the cavity of the fixed mold to press the stacked first electrode plate, the membrane electrode, and the second electrode plate together, and to align the injection channel with the first injection hole. Glue is injected through the injection channel of the moving mold so that the liquid glue fills the first sealing groove and fills the second sealing groove through the electrode injection hole. The gas in the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove is discharged through the electrode vent hole and the electrode plate vent hole. After the adhesive is injected and cured, the liquid adhesive filling the first and second sealing grooves solidifies to form an interconnected, integrated sealing structure.

15. A battery module, characterized in that, It includes a housing and a plurality of single batteries as described in any one of claims 1-13 stacked within the housing.

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