A marine ventilation and air conditioning system and its control method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of marine auxiliary machinery technology, specifically to a marine ventilation and air conditioning system and its control method. The marine ventilation and air conditioning system includes a pathogen monitoring device, a ventilation and air conditioning unit, and a sterilization device. The pathogen monitoring device comprises a sensing unit, a processing unit, and an output unit, acquiring, processing, and outputting information on airborne pathogens. The ventilation and air conditioning unit and the sterilization device automatically adjust and control based on the parameters obtained from the pathogen monitoring device to suppress the spread of airborne pathogens. This invention enables effective sensing and accurate characterization of airborne pathogens, providing effective input for the automatic control of ventilation and air conditioning systems and other devices, and can be applied to marine engineering platforms, public buildings, and other enclosed or semi-enclosed spaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a marine ventilation and air conditioning system and control method, belonging to the field of marine auxiliary machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Marine ventilation and air conditioning systems, as important auxiliary equipment on ships, function to regulate the air environment parameters of living quarters. For cabins with high air quality requirements, such as shipboard medical rooms, isolation wards, clean rooms, and laboratories, the primary method for suppressing the spread of airborne pathogens is through dedicated marine ventilation and air conditioning systems. These systems achieve air filtration, air sterilization, airflow regulation, gas dilution, pressure gradient control, and airflow organization regulation. The automatic control input parameters of marine ventilation and air conditioning systems mainly consist of data signals collected by temperature and humidity sensors, flow sensors, and pressure sensors, as well as active operation by the crew.

[0003] Existing marine ventilation and air conditioning systems have several shortcomings. First, they lack pathogen monitoring and alarm devices, failing to provide a direct and accurate representation of key information such as the presence, type, concentration, and distribution of pathogens in the air. This could lead to pathogens spreading undetected to other areas. Second, these systems lack effective automatic control input parameters and processing methods for pathogen information. Traditional methods of data acquisition and processing via sensors, and indirect control methods such as pressure gradient control, are insufficient for effective perception and comprehensive analysis of pathogen information, resulting in inaccurate and untimely judgments. Manual intervention is subjective, indirect, and delayed. Third, these systems lack integration with crew information and behavior, failing to coordinate and control based on crew health status, door and window opening / closing status, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the lack of pathogen monitoring and alarm devices in existing marine ventilation and air conditioning systems; the lack of effective automatic control input parameters and effective processing methods for pathogen information in existing marine ventilation and air conditioning systems; and the lack of correlation between existing marine ventilation and air conditioning systems and crew basic information and behavior.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution of the present invention is to provide a marine ventilation and air conditioning system, characterized in that it includes:

[0006] The pathogen monitoring device is used to detect the molecular signals of bacteria, viruses, and pathogens in areas inside a ship where pathogens are prone to accumulate. Based on these molecular signals, it generates relevant control information and releases data to the outside world, and outputs the released data to external devices.

[0007] Ventilation and air conditioning units and sterilization units receive control information from pathogen monitoring devices and thus operate under the control of pathogen monitoring devices.

[0008] Preferably, the pathogen monitoring device includes a sensing unit, a processing unit, and an output unit, wherein:

[0009] The sensing unit is placed in relevant areas inside the ship where germs are prone to accumulate. It is used to detect molecular signals of bacteria, viruses and pathogens, and convert them into electrical signals and transmit them to the processing unit.

[0010] The processing unit is used to generate the control information and the data to be released externally after comprehensively analyzing and processing the received data;

[0011] The output unit is used to transmit the control information generated by the processing unit to the ventilation and air conditioning device and the sterilization device to realize the control of the ventilation and air conditioning device and the sterilization device. At the same time, the output unit is also used to transmit the data generated by the processing unit to external devices.

[0012] Preferably, the sensing unit is a pathogen information array type nucleic acid biosensor.

[0013] Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a control method for the above-mentioned marine ventilation and air conditioning system, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Set n pathogen concentration thresholds Bi in the pathogen monitoring device. max And the concentration weighting coefficients Xi for n types of pathogens, i = 1, ..., n;

[0015] Step 2: The pathogen monitoring device obtains the real-time concentration Bi of n pathogens and calculates the pathogen index Bi, which is the relative concentration information of the n pathogens. c , Meanwhile, the pathogen monitoring device obtains the air temperature T and air humidity H in real time;

[0016] Step 3: The pathogen monitoring device uses the pathogen index Bi, which represents the relative concentration information of n pathogens, to analyze the pathogen index Bi. c By weighted solving, a comprehensive pathogen index representing the relative concentrations of n different pathogens is obtained.

[0017] Step 4: The pathogen monitoring device uses the pathogen index Bi to measure the relative concentration information of n pathogens. c Relative concentration information and comprehensive pathogen index B c Based on a comprehensive assessment, and combined with air temperature T and air humidity H, the comprehensive control parameter S is obtained.

[0018] Step 5: The pathogen monitoring device controls the ventilation and air conditioning device and the sterilization device based on the comprehensive control parameter S.

[0019] Preferably, in step 1, the weighted coefficients Xi for the concentrations of the n pathogens satisfy: ∑Xi=1.

[0020] Preferably, in step 1, the pathogen concentration threshold Bi max The bacterial concentration weighting coefficient Xi is set according to the bacterial infectivity and risk level.

[0021] Preferably, in step 1, three pathogen concentration thresholds B1 are set. max B2 max B3 max And set three concentration weighting coefficients X1, X2, and X3 for the pathogens;

[0022] In step 2, the pathogen index, which provides information on the relative concentrations of the three pathogens, is calculated.

[0023] In step 3, the relative concentration information is combined with the pathogen index.

[0024] Preferably, in step 4, the pathogen monitoring device first analyzes the pathogen index Bi of the relative concentration information of the three pathogens. c The relative concentration information of three different pathogens is used to synthesize the pathogen index B. c Based on the comprehensive judgment, parameter Sj is obtained; then, based on parameter Sj and the air temperature T and the air humidity H, the comprehensive control parameter S is obtained.

[0025] Preferably, in step 4, obtaining the parameter Sj includes the following steps, where j = 1, 2, 3, 4:

[0026] If B1 c ≥100%, or B2 c ≥100%, or B3 c If ≥100%, then parameter S1 is generated;

[0027] If B1 c <100%, and B2 c <100%, and B3 c <100%, while B c If the value is less than 10%, then parameter S2 is generated.

[0028] If B1 c <100%, and B2 c <100%, and B3 c <100%, while 10% ≤ Bc If the percentage is less than 60%, then parameter S3 is generated.

[0029] If B1 c <100%, and B2 c <100%, and B3 c <100%, and duration t≥5s, while 60%≤B c If the value is less than 100%, parameter S4 will be generated.

[0030] Obtaining the comprehensive control parameter S includes the following steps:

[0031] If Sj = S1 or Sj = S4, then S = 1;

[0032] If Sj = S2, then S = 2;

[0033] If Sj = S3, then S = 3.

[0034] Preferably, in step 5, the ventilation and air conditioning system is jointly controlled and adjusted using the comprehensive control parameter S.

[0035] When S=1, the pathogen monitoring device displays an alarm, the ventilation and air conditioning system switches to epidemic prevention mode, and the supply air fan, supply air volume regulating valve, exhaust air volume regulating valve, and exhaust fan of the ventilation and air conditioning system are automatically adjusted to adjust the exhaust air volume to the maximum air volume and be greater than the supply air volume. The cabin achieves negative pressure gradient control, and the air temperature T and air humidity H signals are temporarily not used as input and control parameters of the ventilation and air conditioning system; the sterilization device is started, and the sterilization unit and fan of the sterilization device are adjusted to the maximum power for sterilization.

[0036] When S=3, the germ monitoring device displays an alarm, the ventilation and air conditioning device operates in normal mode, and adjusts according to the air temperature T and air humidity H signals. The sterilization device is started, and the sterilization unit and fan of the sterilization device are adjusted to the maximum power for sterilization.

[0037] When S=2, the pathogen monitoring device does not alarm, the ventilation and air conditioning device operates in normal mode, and performs routine control and adjustment based on the air temperature T and air humidity H signals, and the sterilization device does not start.

[0038] The present invention can achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1) Through the germ monitoring device, data such as the distribution, type, and concentration of germs in the air can be collected, monitored, processed, analyzed, displayed, and output, thereby enhancing the crew and equipment's ability to sense and respond to germs;

[0040] 2) By quantifying and visually representing pathogen data, the automatic and proactive control of traditional ventilation and air conditioning systems can be achieved, as well as the joint control and regulation of ventilation and air conditioning systems with other systems; Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the marine ventilation and air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a marine ventilation and air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the control parameter processing of a marine ventilation and air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a control logic diagram of a marine ventilation and air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a marine ventilation and air conditioning system disclosed in this embodiment of the invention includes a pathogen monitoring device 100, a ventilation and air conditioning device 200, and a sterilization device 300.

[0047] The pathogen monitoring device 100 includes a sensing unit 101, a processing unit 102, and an output unit 103. The sensing unit 101 detects molecular signals of bacteria, viruses, and pathogens, converts them into electrical signals, and transmits them to the processing unit 102. The processing unit 102 comprehensively processes the data and transmits it to the output unit 103. The output unit 103 connects to the ventilation and air conditioning device 200, the sterilization device 300, and other devices, enabling data dissemination, early warning, alarm, output, and display. The ventilation and air conditioning device 200 includes an air supply duct a, an air supply fan 201, an air supply volume regulating valve 202, an air supply sterilization filter 203, an exhaust duct b, an exhaust vent 205, an exhaust sterilization filter 206, an exhaust volume regulating valve 207, and an exhaust fan 208. The sterilization device 300 includes an air inlet 301, a sterilization unit 302, a fan 303, and an air supply vent 304. The ventilation and air conditioning unit 200, the sterilization unit 300, and other devices are automatically adjusted and controlled based on the parameters obtained by the pathogen monitoring device 100.

[0048] The sensing unit 101 simultaneously collects information from multiple array-type nucleic acid biosensors containing pathogens. These array-type nucleic acid biosensors are distributed in areas where pathogens are prone to accumulate, such as the air supply and return vents of the ventilation and air conditioning system.

[0049] The marine ventilation and air conditioning system control method described in this embodiment of the invention includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0050] Start the ship's ventilation and air conditioning system and set the concentration threshold Bi for the i-th pathogen. max If we set different weighting coefficients for pathogen concentrations, and define the weighting coefficient for the i-th pathogen concentration as Xi, then we have ∑Xi=1, i=1,2,3,……,n, where n is the total number of species;

[0051] Specifically, Bi max The threshold values ​​can be set based on the concentration of pathogen infection. In this embodiment, three pathogen concentration thresholds B1 are set. max B2 max B3 max Xi can be set according to the infectivity and risk level of the pathogen. In this embodiment, three pathogen concentration weighting coefficients X1, X2, and X3 are set.

[0052] The sensing unit 101 of the germ monitoring device 100 continuously collects the concentration of germs (B1, B2, B3), air temperature T, and air humidity H in the air, converts them into electrical signals, and transmits them to the processing unit 102.

[0053] The processing unit 102 of the pathogen monitoring device 100 receives and processes the electrical signals from the sensing unit 101 to obtain the pathogen index Bi, which characterizes the relative concentration information of three pathogens. c ,in

[0054] Furthermore, the processing unit 102 obtains a comprehensive pathogen index characterizing the relative concentration information of the three pathogens by weightedly solving the pathogen index of the relative concentration information of the three different pathogens.

[0055] Furthermore, the processing unit 102 processes the pathogen index Bi, which characterizes the relative concentration information of the three pathogens. c A comprehensive pathogen index (B) characterizing the relative concentration information of different types of pathogens. c Based on comprehensive judgment, the parameter Si is obtained.

[0056] Specifically, if B1 c ≥100%, or B2 c ≥100%, or B3 c ≥100% means that the relative concentration of the three pathogens exceeds the concentration threshold, in which case parameter S1 is generated; if B1c <100%, and B2 c <100%, and B3 c <100%, while B c <10%, meaning the relative concentrations of all three pathogens do not exceed the concentration threshold, and the overall relative concentration index of the pathogens is very low, then parameter S2 is generated; if B1 c <100%, and B2 c <100%, and B3 c <100%, while 10% ≤ B c <60%, meaning the relative concentrations of all three pathogens do not exceed the concentration threshold, and the overall relative concentration index of the pathogens is high, then parameter S3 is generated; if B1 c <100%, and B2 c <100%, and B3 c <100%, and duration t≥5s, while 60%≤B c <100% means that the relative concentrations of the three pathogens do not exceed the concentration threshold, and the overall relative concentration index of the pathogens is very high and lasts for a long time, thus generating parameter S4.

[0057] Furthermore, the processing unit 102 performs a comprehensive analysis of the obtained parameters (S1, S2, S3, S4), air temperature T, and air humidity H to obtain the comprehensive control parameter S.

[0058] Specifically, if Si = S1 or Si = S4, it means that the risk of the pathogen spreading and transmitting is high, then S = 1; if Si = S2, it means that the risk of the pathogen spreading and transmitting is low, and there may be detection errors, then S = 2; if Si = S3, it means that the risk of the pathogen spreading and transmitting is medium, then S = 3.

[0059] The output unit 103 of the pathogen monitoring device 100 processes the parameters (B1) obtained above. c B2 c B3 c B c The parameters (S1, S2, S3, S4), S, T, and H) are used for storage, display, transmission, and output. Through these control parameters S, T, and H, the integrated control and regulation of the pathogen monitoring device 100, the ventilation and air conditioning device 200, the sterilization device 300, and other devices can be achieved.

[0060] Specifically, when S=1, the risk of pathogen spread and transmission is high. The pathogen monitoring device 100 displays an alarm, the ventilation and air conditioning system switches to epidemic prevention mode, and the supply air fan 201, supply air volume regulating valve 202, exhaust air volume regulating valve 207, and exhaust air fan 208 automatically adjust to adjust the exhaust air volume to the maximum air volume and be greater than the supply air volume. The cabin achieves negative pressure gradient control. The air temperature T and air humidity H signals are temporarily not used as input and control parameters of the ventilation and air conditioning system. The sterilization device 300 is started, the sterilization unit 302 and fan 303 are adjusted to the maximum power for sterilization, and other devices are activated (such as door access control opening).

[0061] When S=3, there is a risk of pathogens spreading and propagating. The pathogen monitoring device 100 displays an alarm, the ventilation and air conditioning device 200 operates in normal mode, and adjusts according to the air temperature T and air humidity H signals. The sterilization device 300 is started, and the sterilization unit 302 and the fan 303 are adjusted to the maximum power for sterilization. Other devices do not operate.

[0062] When S=2, the risk of pathogen spread is low. The pathogen monitoring device 100 does not alarm, the ventilation and air conditioning device 200 operates in normal mode, and performs routine control and adjustment based on the air temperature T and air humidity H signals. The sterilization device 300 does not start, and other devices do not operate.

[0063] Through the aforementioned marine ventilation and air conditioning system and control methods, effective sensing and accurate characterization of pathogens in the air can be achieved, and joint debugging and control of the ventilation and air conditioning system and other systems can be realized.

Claims

1. A control method for a marine ventilation and air conditioning system, the marine ventilation and air conditioning system comprising: The pathogen monitoring device is used to detect the molecular signals of bacteria, viruses, and pathogens in areas inside a ship where pathogens are prone to accumulate. Based on these molecular signals, it generates relevant control information and releases data to the outside world, and outputs the released data to external devices. A ventilation and air conditioning system, characterized in that the control method includes the following steps: Step 1: Set n pathogen concentration thresholds in the pathogen monitoring device. and the weighted coefficients of the concentrations of n pathogens , ; Step 2: The pathogen monitoring device obtains the real-time concentrations of n types of pathogens. The pathogen index, which calculates the relative concentration information of n pathogens, is obtained. , Meanwhile, the pathogen monitoring device obtains the air temperature in real time. air humidity ; Step 3: The pathogen monitoring device uses a pathogen index based on the relative concentration information of n pathogens. By weighted solving, a comprehensive pathogen index representing the relative concentrations of n different pathogens is obtained. ; Step 4: The pathogen monitoring device uses a pathogen index to measure the relative concentration information of n pathogens. Relative concentration information and comprehensive pathogen index Based on a comprehensive assessment, and taking into account the air temperature and air humidity Obtain comprehensive control parameters ; Step 5: The pathogen monitoring device is based on comprehensive control parameters. Control the ventilation and air conditioning equipment as well as the sterilization equipment.

2. The control method for a marine ventilation and air conditioning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the weighted coefficients of the concentrations of the n pathogens satisfy: .

3. The control method for a marine ventilation and air conditioning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the pathogen concentration threshold The bacterial concentration weighting coefficient is set based on the bacterial infection concentration. The criteria are set based on the pathogen's infectivity and risk level.

4. The control method for a marine ventilation and air conditioning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, three pathogen concentration thresholds are set. , , And set weighting coefficients for the concentrations of three pathogens. , , ; In step 2, the pathogen index, which provides information on the relative concentrations of the three pathogens, is calculated. , , In step 3, the relative concentration information is integrated with the pathogen index. .

5. The control method for a marine ventilation and air conditioning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the pathogen monitoring device first analyzes the pathogen index based on the relative concentration information of the three pathogens. The relative concentration information of three different pathogens is used to synthesize the pathogen index. Based on comprehensive judgment, the parameters are obtained. Subsequently based on parameters Combined with the air temperature and the air humidity The comprehensive control parameters are obtained. .

6. The control method for a marine ventilation and air conditioning system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step 4, the parameters are obtained. Includes the following steps, : like ,or ,or Then the parameters are generated. ; like ,and ,and ,at the same time Then the parameters are generated. ; like ,and ,and ,at the same time Then the parameters are generated. ; like ,and ,and and duration ,at the same time Then the parameters are generated. ; The comprehensive control parameters are obtained. Includes the following steps: like or ,but ; like ,but ; like ,but .

7. The control method for a marine ventilation and air conditioning system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step 5, the ventilation and air conditioning system is integrated and controlled using the comprehensive control parameter S. when The pathogen monitoring device displays an alarm, the ventilation and air conditioning system switches to epidemic prevention mode, and the supply air fan, supply air volume regulating valve, exhaust air volume regulating valve, and exhaust fan of the ventilation and air conditioning system are automatically adjusted to ensure that the exhaust air volume is adjusted to the maximum air volume and is greater than the supply air volume. This achieves negative pressure gradient control in the cabin, and the air temperature... air humidity The signal is temporarily not used as the input and control parameter of the ventilation and air conditioning device; the sterilization device is started, and the sterilization unit and fan of the sterilization device are adjusted to the maximum power for sterilization; when The pathogen monitoring device displays an alarm, and the ventilation and air conditioning system operates in normal mode, based on air temperature. air humidity The signal is fed back for adjustment, the sterilization device is started, and the sterilization unit and fan of the sterilization device are adjusted to the maximum power for sterilization; when The pathogen monitoring device does not alarm, and the ventilation and air conditioning system operates in normal mode, based on air temperature. air humidity The signal is used for routine control and adjustment, and the sterilization device is not activated.

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