A combined slope protection system and construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of slope protection, especially relates to a combined slope protection system and construction method, aiming to solve the problem of potential geological risks such as collapse, shallow sliding, weathering and peeling, surrounding rock falling, etc. during the later operation of deep cutting high slope. It comprises: the protection net is of rectangular structure, the protection net is provided with a plurality of reinforced steel wire ropes, a plurality of steel wire rope anchor rods, and the tail end of the steel wire rope anchor rod is provided with an anchor head sleeve ring; a support rope; a connecting assembly is provided through the protection net and connected with the steel wire rope anchor rod and the support rope; wherein the protection net is of double-twisted hexagonal net structure, the support rope is laid through the anchor head sleeve ring and laid on the protection net, and the steel wire rope anchor rod is laid through the protection net and fixed on the slope surface. By driving the steel wire rope anchor rod into the slope surface, laying the protection net, and fixing the two through the support rope, the connecting assembly connects the steel wire rope anchor rod and the support rope, provides buffer for the support rope, can improve the carrying capacity of the protection system, and eliminate hidden dangers such as rock falling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to a combined slope protection system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy, the construction of infrastructure such as highways and railways is increasing daily, especially in mountainous and hilly areas. With the emergence of deep road cuts and high slopes, the protection of high slopes with unfavorable geological conditions has become a prominent environmental issue and a focus of public attention. Currently, deep road cut construction often employs blasting. To improve slope excavation efficiency, large-scale blasting is frequently used, causing the blast shockwaves to damage the original slope's mechanical structure. This leads to landslides, collapses, and weathering on the newly excavated slopes. These signs are most pronounced on slopes with unfavorable geological conditions. Without targeted protection measures, landslides and collapses on high slopes can endanger the safety of high-speed traffic, causing serious safety accidents and economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined slope protection system and construction method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention is a combined slope protection system, comprising: Several protective nets, wherein the protective nets are rectangular in structure, and the protective nets are provided with several reinforcing steel wire ropes along the width direction, and adjacent protective nets are connected by connecting fasteners; A plurality of wire rope anchors, wherein the tail end of the wire rope anchor is provided with an anchor head collar; Several support ropes; Several connecting components, which are threaded through the protective net and connected to the wire rope anchor and the support rope respectively; The protective net is a double-twisted hexagonal mesh structure. The support rope is threaded through the anchor head loop and pressed onto the protective net. The wire rope anchor rod is threaded through the protective net and fixed on the slope. The connecting component is used to pull the support rope and fix the protective net.

[0005] In the above technical solution, anchor bolts are driven into the slope, and protective netting is laid and connected and fixed to the wire rope anchor bolts. Finally, support ropes are used to thread the anchor head collars and fix them to the protective netting. This protective system has the characteristics of fast construction, simple process, strong buffering capacity and long service life.

[0006] In some alternative technical solutions, the support rope is passed through the anchor head sleeve, folded in half, and fixed by a rope clamp. The wire rope anchor has two double-strand wire ropes inside, and the anchor head sleeve is the exposed end of the double-strand wire rope.

[0007] In the above technical solution, two double-strand steel wire ropes are installed inside the steel wire rope anchor rod, and the exposed part of the double-strand steel wire rope forms an anchor head collar. The support rope passes through the anchor head collar to fix the steel wire rope anchor rod.

[0008] In some optional technical solutions, the connecting assembly includes a first connecting cylinder, a second connecting cylinder, and a connector. The first connecting cylinder is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the wire rope anchor rod body, the second connecting cylinder is sleeved on the bend of the support rope, and the two ends of the connector are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of the first connecting cylinder and the second connecting cylinder, respectively.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the connecting component can further improve the connection strength between the support rope and the wire rope anchor.

[0010] In some optional technical solutions, the anchor rod has a through hole on its shaft, and the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting cylinder has a transverse insertion hole along the central axis. The connector includes a connecting rope and a support plate. The support plate has a sliding groove, and a fitting rod is provided at one end of the support plate facing the first connecting cylinder. The fitting rod is used to pass through the through hole and the insertion hole to fix the wire rope anchor rod. One end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to a pulley. The pulley is slidably connected in the sliding groove.

[0011] In the above technical solution, when a rock falls into the protective net, the protective net and the support rope deform under stress, and the connecting rope is pulled and stretched by the support rope, which reduces the impact force on the support rope and extends the service life of the protective system.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention is a construction method for a combined slope protection system, which is based on the combined slope protection system and construction method described in the first aspect.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Clean the slope surface; S2, Slope drilling; S3. Install anchor bolts; S4. Install protective netting; S5. Connect the anchor bolts and the protective netting; S6. Quality inspection and testing.

[0014] In some alternative technical solutions, step S3 includes the following steps: S31. Hole drilling: Holes are pre-drilled on slopes that require protection using a drilling rig. S32. Cleaning the borehole: After drilling is completed, use a water pump or air pump to clean the debris and soil inside the borehole; S33. Inserting anchor bolts: Insert the prefabricated wire rope anchor bolts into the hole, ensuring that the end of the wire rope anchor bolt reaches the designed depth, while keeping the anchor head collar outside the hole; S34. Grouting Fixing: After inserting the anchor rod, inject concrete into the hole to increase the adhesion between the wire rope anchor rod and the inner wall of the hole, providing additional support. After grouting is completed, wait for the concrete to harden.

[0015] In some alternative technical solutions, step S4 includes the following steps: S41. Clean up the construction area: Remove debris and hazardous materials from the construction area; S42. Laying Protective Netting: Multiple rectangular protective nettings are laid sequentially downwards along the long side on the slope. Adjacent protective nettings are connected by fasteners, with a distance of 15cm-20cm between adjacent fasteners. The protective netting is made of steel wire with a diameter of Φ2.7mm and reinforced steel wire rope with a diameter of Φ8mm, woven together in a double twisted form.

[0016] In some alternative technical solutions, step S5 includes the following steps: S51. Installing support ropes: Both support ropes and wire rope anchors are installed along the length of the protective net. The support ropes are threaded through the anchor head loops and the two ends of the support rope exposed to the slope boundary are folded in half. The support ropes are fixed with rope clamps every 8cm along the folded end. The distance between the end of the folded end of the support rope and the rope clamp is greater than 8cm. Depending on the position of the support rope in the protective net, steps S511 and S512 are performed respectively. S511, Support rope counter-pressure: The support rope is located between the top and bottom of the protective netting, and the support rope is laid on the protective netting; S512, Protective net reverse wrap: The support rope is located at the top or bottom of the protective net, and the protective net is reverse wrapped towards the support rope. The reverse wrap distance is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the reverse wrap of the protective net is fixed by rope clamps. S52. Install the connecting components: Install the connecting components on the cooperating wire rope anchors and support ropes respectively for limiting and fixing.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. The protective net of this invention is manufactured centrally in the factory and transported to the site. It is laid from top to bottom along the slope by manual labor and machinery, replacing the traditional single positive direction protective net. Compared with the traditional active protective net construction, it reduces the multiple processes of connecting multiple single square protective nets with stitching lines. It has the advantages of fast construction speed, simple and quick construction, and saving a lot of labor. The left and right adjacent protective nets are connected by connecting fasteners, which can not only withstand large loads and eliminate the safety hazards of large stones falling, but also effectively prevent small stones from rolling down. It has the characteristics of strong targeting, reliable protection, high safety factor and strong buffering capacity. It is especially suitable for slope surface reinforcement and protection projects with potential geological risks such as collapse, shallow sliding, weathering and peeling, and rockfall in high slopes. 2. The present invention uses double-strand steel wire rope anchors, which only require drilling, hole cleaning, grouting and anchor insertion. There is no need for tensioning and prestressing processes, which makes the anchor construction efficient and saves a lot of construction labor. 3. The connecting component in this invention can cause the connecting rope to move a certain distance with the support rope when the protective net and the support rope are subjected to huge impact loads, thereby providing a certain buffer for the support rope and preventing it from breaking due to strong loads. At the same time, the connecting component can reduce the friction between the support rope and the anchor bolt collar, thus extending the service life of the support rope. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the protective netting laid on the slope in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protection system in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the component connection relationship at point A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective system on a slope in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the component connection relationship at point B; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the component connection relationship at point C; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the steel wire rope anchor rod in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the connecting component, the wire rope anchor, and the support rope in this invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure shown in D.

[0019] The reference numerals in the attached figures represent: 1. Protective netting; 2. Steel wire rope anchor; 3. Support rope; 4. Reinforced steel wire rope; 5. Slope; 6. Anchor head collar; 7. Rope clamp; 8. Connecting fastener; 91. First connecting cylinder; 92. Second connecting cylinder; 93. Support plate; 931. Fitting rod; 94. Connecting rope. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that this invention is already in the actual research and development stage. Example

[0021] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a combined slope protection system includes: Several protective nets 1, each of which is a rectangular structure, and each of which is provided with several reinforcing steel wire ropes 4 along its width direction; adjacent protective nets 1 are connected by connecting fasteners 8. A plurality of wire rope anchors 2, wherein the tail end of the wire rope anchor 2 is provided with an anchor head collar 6; Several support ropes 3; Several connecting components are passed through the protective net 1 and connected to the wire rope anchor 2 and the support rope 3 respectively; The protective net 1 is a double-twisted hexagonal mesh structure. The support rope 3 is threaded through the anchor head collar 6 and pressed onto the protective net 1. The wire rope anchor 2 is threaded through the protective net 1 and fixed on the slope 5. The connecting component is used to pull the support rope 3 and fix the protective net 1.

[0022] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the support rope 3 is folded in half through the anchor head collar 6 and fixed by the rope clamp 7. Two double-strand steel wire ropes are installed inside the steel wire rope anchor rod 2, and the anchor head collar 6 is the exposed end of the double-strand steel wire rope.

[0023] Specifically, the protective netting 1 has a rectangular structure, measuring 25m × 3m. It is woven from Φ2.7mm diameter steel wire and Φ8mm diameter reinforcing steel wire rope 4 in a double-twisted configuration. Figure 6 As shown, the mesh surface of the protective net 1 is made of Φ8mm reinforcing steel wire rope 4 and steel wire woven synchronously. The reinforcing steel wire rope 4 is parallel to the width direction of the protective net 1 in the mesh surface. The reinforcing steel wire rope 4 is set every 30cm along the width direction of the protective net 1. Every two adjacent protective nets 1 are fixedly connected as a whole by connecting fasteners.

[0024] The steel wire rope anchor 2 has two double-strand steel wire ropes with a diameter of Φ16mm installed inside the rod. The double-strand steel wire ropes form an anchor head collar 6 outside the steel wire rope anchor 2. The length of the double-strand steel wire rope is ≥200cm and the strength grade of the double-strand steel wire rope is ≥1770MPa.

[0025] The support rope 3 is a 6×19+WCS steel wire rope structure with a diameter of 12mm and a strength of 1770MPa. The rope clamp 7 adopts the EN13411-5B type rope clamp 7, and its size is compatible with Φ8mm steel wire rope and Φ12mm steel wire rope. The protective net 1, steel wire rope anchor 2, support rope 3, rope clamp 7 and connecting fastener 8 are all treated with AB grade Zn-5%AI anti-corrosion treatment.

[0026] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the connecting assembly includes a first connecting cylinder 91, a second connecting cylinder 92, and a connector. The first connecting cylinder 91 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the wire rope anchor rod 2, the second connecting cylinder 92 is sleeved on the bend of the support rope 3, and the two ends of the connector are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of the first connecting cylinder 91 and the second connecting cylinder 92, respectively.

[0027] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the anchor rod has a through hole, and the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting cylinder 91 has a transverse insertion hole along the central axis. The connector includes a connecting rope 94 and a support plate 93. The support plate 93 has a sliding groove, and a fitting rod 931 is provided at one end of the support plate 93 facing the first connecting cylinder 91. The fitting rod 931 is used to pass through the through hole and the insertion hole and be fixed to the wire rope anchor rod 2. One end of the connecting rope 94 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting cylinder 92, and the other end of the connecting rope 94 is fixedly connected to a pulley. The pulley is slidably connected in the sliding groove.

[0028] Specifically, the first connecting cylinder 91 is a cylindrical structure, and the second connecting cylinder 92 is a semi-circular structure. The second connecting cylinder 92 can protect the bent part of the support rope 3, reduce the friction between the support rope 3 and the anchor bolt collar, and extend the service life of the support rope 3. The end of the fitting rod 931 is provided with an elastic snap-fit ​​part, and elastic side wings are provided on both sides of the snap-fit ​​part. The snap-fit ​​part can pass through the insertion hole on the first connecting cylinder 91. At the same time, the side wings deform under pressure. A square concave hole is opened on the side of the insertion hole away from the support plate 93. After the elastic snap-fit ​​part passes through the insertion hole, it recovers its deformation and snaps the side wings into the concave hole on both sides, thus achieving fixation. When rocks roll down the slope, the huge impact force is borne by the support rope 3 and the protective net 1. The wire rope anchor bolt 2 is fixed inside the slope. When the protective net 1 is subjected to impact load, the protective net 1... The mesh and support rope 3 expand outwards towards the slope. The support rope 3 is connected to the wire rope anchor 2 via a connecting component. When the support rope 3 expands outwards and stretches, the connecting rope 94 stretches along with the support rope 3. The pulley fixedly connected to the support rope 3 slides along the groove according to the stretching of the support rope 3, providing a certain buffer for the support rope 3. Unlike traditional slope protection, where the support rope 3 is fixedly connected to the anchor and has no buffer length, which will inevitably reduce the life of the support rope 3 after long-term use, this invention allows the connecting rope 94 to slide out a certain distance to buffer the support rope 3 when it is impacted, avoiding damage from strong impact loads. Preferably, the support plate 93 of this invention can pass through the protective mesh 1 and then connect to the second connecting cylinder 92, which can improve the connection strength of the protective mesh 1.

[0029] Regarding the construction method of this invention, firstly, for slope 5 with strongly weathered bedrock, before the construction of the main tunnel protection system, the slope 5 can be cleaned to remove debris and prevent further weathering of the broken surrounding rock, which could lead to collapse, rockfall, or other hazards. Alternatively, the main tunnel protection system can be constructed after spraying soil and sowing grass seeds on the slope 5. After cleaning, several holes are drilled on the slope 5. After cleaning the holes, steel wire rope anchors 2 are inserted into the holes and concrete is poured in for fixation. Then, the protective net 1 is laid downwards along its length on the slope 5 until several protective nets 1 cover the slope 5. Adjacent protective nets 1 are fixed together by connecting fasteners 8. The support rope 3 is passed through the anchor head collar 6 and folded in half. The folded part of the support rope 3 is fixed by rope clamps 7. The support rope 3 in the middle is pressed against the protective net 1. The support ropes 3 at the top and bottom of the protective net 1 are fixed by wrapping the protective net 1 around the support rope 3. The wrapped part of the protective net 1 is also fixed by rope clamps 7. Example

[0030] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, a construction method for a combined slope protection system is carried out based on a combined slope protection system and construction method in Example 1.

[0031] Includes the following steps: S1. Clean the slope surface 5; S2, 5 boreholes on the slope; S3. Install anchor bolts; S4. Install protective netting 1; S5, Connecting anchor bolts and protective netting 1; S6. Quality inspection and testing.

[0032] S3 includes the following steps: S31, Hole drilling: Holes are pre-drilled on the slope 5 that needs protection using a drilling rig; S32. Cleaning the borehole: After drilling is completed, use a water pump or air pump to clean the debris and soil inside the borehole; S33. Inserting the anchor rod: Insert the prefabricated wire rope anchor rod 2 into the hole, ensuring that the end of the wire rope anchor rod 2 can reach the designed depth, while keeping the anchor head collar 6 outside the hole; S34. Grouting Fixing: After inserting the anchor rod, inject concrete into the hole to increase the adhesion between the wire rope anchor rod 2 and the inner wall of the hole, providing additional support. After grouting is completed, wait for the concrete to harden.

[0033] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, S4 includes the following steps: S41. Clean up the construction area: Remove debris and hazardous materials from the construction area; S42. Laying protective netting 1: Lay multiple rectangular protective netting 1s sequentially downwards along their long sides on the slope 5. Adjacent protective netting 1s are connected by connecting fasteners 8. The distance between adjacent connecting fasteners 8 is 15cm-20cm. The protective netting 1 is made of steel wire with a diameter of Φ2.7mm and reinforced steel wire rope with a diameter of Φ8mm, woven together in a double twisted form.

[0034] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, S5 includes the following steps: S51, Installing support rope 3: Both support rope 3 and wire rope anchor 2 are installed along the length of the protective net 1. The support rope 3 is threaded through the anchor head loop 6 and the support rope 3 with both ends exposed to the boundary of the slope surface 5 is folded in half. The support rope 3 is fixed every 8cm along the folded end with rope clamp 7. The distance between the end of the folded end of the support rope 3 and the rope clamp 7 is greater than 8cm. Depending on the position of the support rope 3 in the protective net 1, steps S511 and S512 are performed respectively. S511, Support rope 3 counter-pressure: Support rope 3 is located between the top and bottom ends of the protective net 1, and support rope 3 is laid on the protective net 1; S512, Protective net 1 reversed: The support rope 3 is located at the top or bottom of the protective net 1, the protective net 1 is reversed towards the support rope 3, the reversed distance is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the reversed part of the protective net 1 is fixed by the rope clamp 7; S52. Install the connecting components: Install the connecting components on the cooperating wire rope anchors 2 and support ropes 3 respectively for limiting and fixing.

[0035] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined slope protection system, characterized in that, include: Several protective nets (1), the protective nets (1) are rectangular structures, and the protective nets (1) are provided with several reinforcing steel wire ropes (4) along the width direction. Adjacent protective nets (1) are connected by connecting fasteners (8). Several wire rope anchors (2), with an anchor head collar (6) provided at the tail end of the wire rope anchor (2); Several support ropes (3); A number of connecting components are provided, which are threaded through the protective net (1) and connected to the wire rope anchor (2) and the support rope (3) respectively; The protective net (1) is a double-twisted hexagonal mesh structure. The support rope (3) is threaded through the anchor head collar (6) and pressed onto the protective net (1). The wire rope anchor (2) is threaded through the protective net (1) and fixed on the slope (5). The connecting component is used to pull the support rope (3) and fix the protective net (1). The support rope (3) is passed through the anchor head collar (6), folded in half, and fixed by the rope clamp (7). The steel wire rope anchor (2) is provided with two double-strand steel wire ropes. The anchor head collar (6) is the exposed end of the double-strand steel wire rope. The connecting assembly includes a first connecting cylinder (91), a second connecting cylinder (92), and a connector. The first connecting cylinder (91) is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the wire rope anchor rod (2), and the second connecting cylinder (92) is sleeved on the bend of the support rope (3). The two ends of the connector are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of the first connecting cylinder (91) and the second connecting cylinder (92), respectively. The anchor rod has a through hole, and the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting cylinder (91) has a transverse insertion hole along the central axis. The connector includes a connecting rope (94) and a support plate (93). The support plate (93) has a sliding groove. The end of the support plate (93) facing the first connecting cylinder (91) is provided with a fitting rod (931). The fitting rod (931) is used to pass through the through hole and the insertion hole and fix it to the wire rope anchor rod (2). One end of the connecting rope (94) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting cylinder (92), and the other end of the connecting rope (94) is fixedly connected to a pulley. The pulley is slidably connected in the sliding groove.

2. A construction method for a combined slope protection system, characterized in that, The construction of the combined slope protection system according to claim 1 includes the following steps: S1. Clean the slope (5); S2, Slope (5) Drilling; S3. Install anchor bolts; S4. Install protective netting (1); S5. Connect the anchor bolt and the protective net (1); S6. Quality inspection and testing.

3. The construction method of a combined slope protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: S3 includes the following steps: S31, Hole drilling: Holes are pre-drilled on the slope (5) that needs protection using a drilling machine; S32. Cleaning the borehole: After drilling is completed, use a water pump or air pump to clean the debris and soil inside the borehole. S33, Inserting anchor rods: Insert the prefabricated wire rope anchor rod (2) into the hole, ensuring that the end of the wire rope anchor rod (2) can reach the design depth, and at the same time, make the anchor head collar (6) outside the hole; S34. Grouting and fixing: After inserting the anchor rod, inject concrete into the hole to increase the adhesion between the wire rope anchor rod (2) and the inner wall of the hole, and provide additional support. After the grouting is completed, wait for the concrete to harden.

4. The construction method of a combined slope protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: S4 includes the following steps: S41. Clean up the construction area: Remove debris and hazardous materials from the construction area; S42. Laying protective nets (1): Lay multiple rectangular protective nets (1) sequentially down the slope (5) along the long side. Adjacent protective nets (1) are connected by connecting fasteners (8). The distance between adjacent connecting fasteners (8) is 15cm-20cm. The protective nets (1) are made of steel wire with a diameter of Φ2.7mm and reinforced steel wire rope (4) with a diameter of Φ8mm in a double twisted form.

5. The construction method of a combined slope protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: S5 includes the following steps: S51, Installing support rope (3): The support rope (3) and the wire rope anchor (2) are both set along the length of the protective net (1). The support rope (3) is threaded through the anchor head loop (6) and the support rope (3) with both ends exposed to the boundary of the slope (5) is folded in half. The support rope (3) is fixed every 8cm along the folded end by rope clamp (7). The distance between the end of the folded end of the support rope (3) and the rope clamp (7) is greater than 8cm. Depending on the position of the support rope (3) in the protective net (1), steps S511 and S512 are executed respectively. S511, Support rope (3) counter-pressure: The support rope (3) is located between the top and bottom of the protective net (1), and the support rope (3) is laid on the protective net (1); S512, Protective net (1) reverse wrap: The support rope (3) is located at the top or bottom of the protective net (1), the protective net (1) is reverse wrapped towards the support rope (3), the reverse wrap distance is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the reverse wrap of the protective net (1) is fixed by rope clamp (7); S52. Install the connecting components: Install the connecting components on the cooperating wire rope anchor (2) and support rope (3) respectively for limiting and fixing.

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