A method and apparatus for measuring a contact wire

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of railway contact line measurement, and relates to a contact line measurement method and a measurement device. The measurement head of the measurement device is fixedly installed at the upper end of the insulating rod, and the industrial mobile phone is fixedly installed at the outer periphery of the insulating rod. The measurement head comprises a contact line torsion surface and a contact line abrasion measurement assembly, an inclination sensor, a digital dial gauge and a data acquisition and processing board. The inclination sensor and the digital dial gauge are electrically connected with the data acquisition and processing board respectively, and the data acquisition and processing board is wirelessly connected with the industrial mobile phone. The contact line torsion surface measurement assembly is used for hooking and positioning the contact line groove. The contact line abrasion measurement assembly is used for clamping the contact line from the upper and lower sides. The present application realizes the measurement of the contact line torsion surface angle, the contact line eccentric wear angle, the abrasion area, the contact line abrasion within the span and the contact line flatness. The present application can realize fast and accurate measurement on the ground by using the insulating rod, and is light, easy to carry and simple to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of railway contact wire measurement technology, and in particular relates to a contact wire measurement method and measuring device for measuring the torsion surface and wear of contact wires. Background Technology

[0002] During the installation of contact wires, improper erection techniques and creep deformation of the contact wire itself can cause vertical torsional deformation of the contact wire cross-section (i.e., contact wire twist), leading to uneven wear. Furthermore, curved sections of railway lines, due to the superelevation of the outer rails, are also concentrated areas for uneven contact wire wear. Uneven wear shortens the service life of the contact wire and, in severe cases, can cause contact wire clamps to contact the pantograph, resulting in a strike. When inspecting contact wire wear in curved sections, special attention should be paid to the twist angle and uneven wear angle.

[0003] A search revealed a patent document with application number 201921995271.X, which discloses a tool for measuring the torsion angle of a contact wire. When using this tool, a technician needs to level it on a ladder and then use a mechanical scale to indicate the torsion angle. While the tool has a simple structure, it requires a large number of personnel, resulting in low measurement efficiency. Furthermore, existing contact wire wear measuring instruments have limited functionality, mostly measuring only the wear height or width of the wear surface, without considering the impact of uneven wear on the wear area and lifespan of the contact wire. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a contact wire measurement method and measuring device, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A contact wire measuring device includes: a measuring head, an insulating rod, and an industrial mobile phone. The measuring head is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the insulating rod, and the industrial mobile phone is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the insulating rod. The insulating rod is a height-adjustable telescopic structure. The measuring head includes: a contact wire twist surface measuring component, a contact wire wear measuring component, an inclination sensor, a digital dial indicator, and a data acquisition and processing board. The inclination sensor and the digital dial indicator are electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing board, and the data acquisition and processing board is wirelessly connected to the industrial mobile phone. The contact wire twist surface measuring component is used to hook the contact wire groove and position the contact wire. The contact wire wear measuring component is used to clamp the contact wire from the top and bottom sides. The probe of the digital micrometer is fixedly connected to the contact wire wear measuring component. The measuring head includes a measuring head housing, and the contact wire twist surface measuring component and the contact wire wear measuring component are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the measuring head housing. The tilt sensor, the digital micrometer, and the data acquisition and processing board are fixedly installed inside the measuring head housing. The contact wire twist surface measuring component includes: a positioning block mounting bracket, a fixed positioning block, a movable positioning block, and a tension spring. The positioning block mounting bracket has an L-shaped plate structure, and the lower horizontal base plate of the positioning block mounting bracket is connected to the contact wire via a vertical support plate. The wear measurement component is fixedly connected to the upper part of the measuring head housing. A fixed positioning block is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vertical side plate of the positioning block mounting bracket. The upper parts of the fixed positioning block and the movable positioning block are movably connected by a tension spring. The contact wire wear measurement component includes: a first roller-type measuring block, a linkage plate, a telescopic compression spring, a telescopic guide component, a dial indicator probe connecting seat, a side positioning block, and a second roller-type measuring block. The lower surface of the linkage plate is fixedly installed with the dial indicator probe connecting seat and the telescopic guide component. The lower end of the telescopic guide component penetrates the upper surface of the measuring head housing and is fixedly installed inside the measuring head housing. The telescopic compression spring is fitted with a sleeve. At the upper end of the telescopic guide assembly, and between the upper surface of the measuring head housing and the lower surface of the linkage plate, a side positioning block is fixedly installed on the side of the linkage plate near the dial indicator measuring rod connecting seat. A first roller-type measuring block is rotatably installed on the upper end of the side of the side positioning block near the linkage plate. One end of the rotating shaft of the first roller-type measuring block is rotatably installed on the upper end of the side of the side positioning block, and the other end of the rotating shaft of the first roller-type measuring block is rotatably installed on the protruding edge of the horizontal base plate of the positioning block mounting bracket. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the second roller-type measuring block are rotatably installed on the linkage plate. The upper and lower positions of the first roller-type measuring block and the second roller-type measuring block correspond to each other.

[0005] Preferably, the fixed positioning block and the movable positioning block have protruding structures on their opposite sides, the shape of which matches the groove of the contact line, and movable limiting rods are provided on both sides of the tension spring.

[0006] Preferably, the telescopic guide assembly adopts a linear guide structure with a compression spring, or a combination structure of a compression spring, a linear bearing and an optical shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the battery is fixedly installed inside the measuring head housing, and the switch and Bluetooth antenna are fixedly installed outside the measuring head housing.

[0008] Preferably, the data acquisition and processing board integrates an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M core, and the data acquisition and processing board is connected to the tilt sensor and the digital dial indicator via an RS232 serial cable.

[0009] Preferably, the tilt sensor is an HVT829T single-axis tilt sensor with a range of ±30° and an accuracy of 0.01°, and the digital dial indicator is a 543 series absolute digital dial indicator with a measurement range of 12.7mm.

[0010] Preferably, the insulating rod is a height-adjustable telescopic structure composed of multiple high-voltage resistant epoxy resin rods.

[0011] A contact wire measurement method, using the aforementioned contact wire measurement device, includes the following steps: Step 1: Measure the contact wire twist angle: Insert the contact wire into the contact wire twist measurement assembly, rotate the insulating rod in the vertical plane to make the fixed positioning block and the movable positioning block engage in the contact wire groove, and complete the measurement by selecting the contact wire twist angle measurement option through the industrial mobile phone. Step 2: Measure the contact wire wear angle and wear area: Raise the measuring head to move the contact wire down through the linkage plate, telescopic spring, and telescopic guide assembly until it enters the wear measurement assembly and rests against the side positioning block. Select the contact wire wear angle and wear area measurement option via the industrial mobile phone. The data acquisition and processing board acquires the measurement data from the tilt sensor and digital dial indicator in real time. Rotate the insulating rod left and right in the vertical plane. The data acquisition and processing board automatically filters and extracts the maximum wear height and the corresponding tilt angle. The location of the maximum wear height is the location of the wear surface, and the corresponding tilt angle is the contact wire wear angle. The data acquisition and processing board calculates the contact wire wear area at that location. Step 3: Measure the wear of the contact wire within the span: Input or import the name of the section of the line to be measured, the code of the span support, and the code of the dropper group at the current measurement position through an industrial mobile phone, select the option to measure the wear of the contact wire within the span, and perform single-point measurement or dynamic continuous measurement. Step 4: Measure the straightness of the contact wire: Secure the contact wire in the contact wire wear measurement component, input or import the necessary line and span through the industrial mobile phone, select the contact wire straightness measurement option, and the measuring personnel push the measuring device at a uniform speed. The measuring head automatically saves the contact wire wear data at equal intervals until the measurement is manually confirmed to end.

[0012] Preferably, the calculation model for the measurement function module is as follows: a. Contact line twist angle α=αc -α0, α c α0 is the measured value of the tilt sensor when the contact wire twist surface measuring assembly positions the contact wire, and α0 is the measured value of the tilt sensor when the measuring device is in the vertical plane; b. Contact wire wear angle β=β c -α0,β c The value measured by the tilt sensor at the location of maximum contact wire wear height; c. Contact wire wear area S = S 扇 -S 三角 S 扇 =θ×r 2 S 三角 =(ar)×r×sin(θ), S 扇 S represents the sector area corresponding to the wear surface. 三角 θ is the area of ​​the triangle corresponding to the wear surface, θ is half of the central angle corresponding to the wear surface of the contact line, r is the radius of the contact line, and a is the measurement value of the digital dial indicator. d. Contact line straightness ∆b = |max(b) i )-min(b i )|,b i Let b be the contact line wear height at any measurement point i. i =2r-a i ,max(b i (b) represents the maximum wear height within the measurement interval; min(b) i ) represents the minimum wear height within the measurement interval; a i Let i be the measurement value of the dial indicator at any measurement point i.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention eliminates the need to stand on a ladder vehicle; it allows for rapid and accurate measurement of parameters such as contact wire twist angle, contact wire wear angle, contact wire wear area, and contact wire straightness from the ground using an insulating rod. This effectively prevents accidents in curved sections and ensures train operation safety. Furthermore, this invention is lightweight, portable, and easy to operate, improving the efficiency of contact wire parameter measurement, reducing the number of personnel required, and lowering the workload of measurement workers. In addition, the measuring device features a roller-type wear measuring block that can slide continuously on the contact wire, enabling precise single-point measurement, dynamic continuous measurement, and contact wire straightness measurement within the span. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring head according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the contact wire twist surface measuring assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the contact wire twist surface measuring component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the contact wire wear measurement component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement principle of the contact wire measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram, 1 is the measuring head, 2 is the insulating rod, 3 is the industrial mobile phone, 4 is the contact wire twist surface measuring component, 5 is the contact wire wear measuring component, 6 is the tilt sensor, 7 is the digital dial indicator, 8 is the data acquisition and processing board, 9 is the measuring head housing, 10 is the battery, 11 is the switch, 12 is the Bluetooth antenna, 41 is the positioning block mounting bracket, 42 is the fixed positioning block, 43 is the movable positioning block, 44 is the tension spring, 51 is the first roller-type measuring block, 52 is the linkage plate, 53 is the telescopic compression spring, 54 is the telescopic guide component, 55 is the dial indicator measuring rod connecting seat, 56 is the side positioning block, and 57 is the second roller-type measuring block. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Because the contact wire is not a component of this measuring device, it is represented by a dashed line in the figures.

[0016] A contact wire measuring device includes three parts: a measuring head 1, an insulating rod 2, and an industrial handpiece 3. Figure 1 As shown. The measuring head 1 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the insulating rod 2 via a connector. The connector is existing technology, such as a bolt and internal thread connector. The industrial mobile phone 3 is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the insulating rod 2 via a mobile phone bracket. The industrial mobile phone 3 establishes a wireless connection with the measuring head 1 to achieve data interaction. By setting up the mobile phone bracket, the operator does not need to hold the industrial mobile phone 3, making it convenient for the operator to hook and disassemble the measuring device with both hands. The insulating rod 2 is a height-adjustable telescopic structure composed of multiple high-voltage resistant epoxy resin rods. The insulating rod 2 is used to lift the measuring head 1 to the vicinity of the contact wire. By hooking or clamping the measuring head 1 onto the contact wire, parameters such as the contact wire twist angle and contact wire wear angle can be measured. The insulating rod 2 is also used to push the measuring head 1 to slide on the contact wire.

[0017] The measuring head 1 includes: a contact wire twist surface measuring component 4, a contact wire wear measuring component 5, a high-precision tilt sensor 6, a digital micrometer 7, a data acquisition and processing board 8, a measuring head housing 9, a battery 10, a switch 11, and a Bluetooth antenna 12, etc. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The image includes a perspective view of the interior of the measuring head housing 9. The lower part of the measuring head housing 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the insulating rod 2. The contact wire twist surface measuring component 4 and the contact wire wear measuring component 5 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the measuring head housing 9. The tilt sensor 6, digital micrometer 7, data acquisition and processing board 8, and battery 10 are fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the measuring head housing 9. The switch 11 is fixedly installed on the side of the measuring head housing 9, and the Bluetooth antenna 12 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the measuring head housing 9. The tilt sensor 6 and digital micrometer 7 are electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing board 8. The data acquisition and processing board 8 integrates an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller based on an ARM Cortex-M core, used to acquire the measurement data from the tilt sensor 6 and digital micrometer 7, and output measurement results such as the contact wire twist surface angle, contact wire wear angle, contact wire wear area, and contact wire straightness according to a pre-designed calculation program. Meanwhile, the data acquisition and processing board 8 integrates a Bluetooth module, which enables wireless data transmission between the measuring head 1 and the industrial mobile phone 3 via the Bluetooth antenna 12.

[0018] The data acquisition and processing board 8 is connected to the tilt sensor 6 and the digital micrometer 7 via an RS232 serial cable. The microcontroller integrated on the data acquisition and processing board 8 can meet the requirements for acquiring and processing multiple serial port data without the need for other special circuit structures. Those skilled in the art can implement the data acquisition and processing board 8 based on existing technology. Through programming, the data acquisition and processing board 8 integrates four measurement function modules: contact wire twist angle, contact wire wear angle and wear area, contact wire wear within the span, and contact wire straightness.

[0019] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the contact wire twist surface measuring component 4 includes: a positioning block mounting frame 41, a fixed positioning block 42, a movable positioning block 43, and a tension spring 44. It is used to hook the contact wire groove and position the contact wire, and, in conjunction with the tilt sensor 6, to measure the contact wire twist surface angle. The positioning block mounting frame 41 is an L-shaped plate structure with stiffeners (including a vertical side plate and a horizontal bottom plate). The lower part of the positioning block mounting frame 41 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the measuring head housing 9 via a vertical support plate and the contact wire wear measuring component 5. The fixed positioning block 42 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the vertical side plate of the positioning block mounting frame 41. The upper parts of the fixed positioning block 42 and the movable positioning block 43 are movably connected via the tension spring 44. The opposite sides of the fixed positioning block 42 and the movable positioning block 43 are provided with protruding structures whose shape matches the contact wire groove. The protruding structures of the fixed positioning block 42 and the movable positioning block 43 are used to engage with the contact wire groove. To ensure the stability of the movable positioning block 43's movement, movable limiting rods are provided on both sides of the tension spring 44.

[0020] When measuring the contact wire twist angle, the contact wire twist measuring component 4 is hooked onto the contact wire. The entry of the contact wire forces the movable positioning block 43 to drive the tension spring 44 to open. The contact wire twist measuring component 4 rotates in the vertical plane so that the contact wire enters the protruding structure that is oppositely arranged between the fixed positioning block 42 and the movable positioning block 43, thereby achieving accurate positioning of the contact wire.

[0021] like Figure 5 As shown, the contact wire wear measuring component 5 includes: a first roller-type measuring block 51, a linkage plate 52, a telescopic compression spring 53, a telescopic guide component 54, a dial indicator probe connecting seat 55, a side positioning block 56, and a second roller-type measuring block 57. These components are used to clamp the contact wire, measure the contact wire wear angle in conjunction with the tilt sensor 6, and measure the contact wire wear in conjunction with the digital display dial indicator 7. The lower surface of the linkage plate 52 is fixedly mounted with the dial indicator probe connecting seat 55 and the telescopic guide component 54. The lower end of the telescopic guide component 54 penetrates the upper surface of the measuring head housing 9 and is fixedly installed inside the measuring head housing 9. The telescopic compression spring 53 is fitted onto the upper end of the telescopic guide component 54 and is located between the upper surface of the measuring head housing 9 and the lower surface of the linkage plate 52. A side positioning block 56 is fixedly installed on one side of the linkage plate 52 near the dial indicator measuring rod connecting seat 55. The upper end of the side positioning block 56 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the horizontal base plate of the positioning block mounting bracket 41, and the lower end of the side positioning block 56 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the measuring head housing 9. A first roller-type measuring block 51 is rotatably installed on the upper end of the side of the side positioning block 56 near the linkage plate 52. A groove can be made on the lower surface of the horizontal base plate of the positioning block mounting bracket 41 corresponding to the position of the first roller-type measuring block 51. One end of the rotating shaft of the first roller-type measuring block 51 is rotatably installed on the upper end of the side of the side positioning block 56 through a bearing seat, and the other end of the rotating shaft of the first roller-type measuring block 51 is rotatably installed on the protruding edge of the horizontal base plate of the positioning block mounting bracket 41 through a bearing seat. A groove is made on the upper surface of the linkage plate 52 corresponding to the position of the second roller-type measuring block 57. Both ends of the rotating shaft of the second roller-type measuring block 57 are rotatably installed on the linkage plate 52 through bearing seats. The second roller-type measuring block 57 moves up and down with the linkage plate 52. The first roller-type measuring block 51 and the second roller-type measuring block 57 are positioned vertically to clamp the contact wire from the top and bottom. In order to allow the contact wire wear measuring assembly 5 to slide smoothly and stably on the contact wire, two parallel first roller-type measuring blocks 51 and two parallel second roller-type measuring blocks 57 are respectively provided.

[0022] The telescopic guide assembly 54 is existing technology; for example, it can adopt a structure similar to a linear guide with a compression spring, the function of which is to achieve automatic reset. The telescopic guide assembly 54 can also adopt a combination structure of compression spring, linear bearing and optical shaft.

[0023] During measurement, the contact wire pushes the linkage plate 52, the telescopic spring 53, and the telescopic guide assembly 54 downwards until the contact wire enters the contact wire wear measuring assembly 5 and rests against the side wall of the side positioning block 56 and the first roller-type measuring block 51 and the second roller-type measuring block 57. After the measurement is completed, the contact wire wear measuring assembly 5 disengages from the contact wire, and the telescopic spring 53 pushes the linkage plate 52 to return to its pre-measurement state under the guidance of the guide assembly 54. In addition, the first roller-type wear measuring block 51 and the second roller-type wear measuring block 57 provided in the contact wire wear measuring assembly 5 allow the measuring head 1 to slide continuously within the small intervals between the locator and the dropper and between droppers, pushed by the insulating rod 2.

[0024] The tilt sensor 6 is a high-precision single-axis tilt sensor of type HVT829T with a range of ±30° and an accuracy of 0.01°, used to obtain the rotation angle of the measuring head 1.

[0025] The digital micrometer 7 is a 543 series absolute digital micrometer with a measuring range of 12.7 mm. It requires no origin reset and has no overspeed error each time power is turned on. The meter head of the digital micrometer 7 is installed inside the measuring head housing 9. The measuring rod of the digital micrometer 7 passes through the upper surface of the housing 9 and is fixedly connected to the micrometer measuring rod connecting seat 55, used to obtain the height of the contact wire wear section. The digital micrometer 7 has the function of setting upper and lower limit values, used to set warning and limit values ​​for contact wire wear. The digital micrometer 7 also has the function of recording the maximum and minimum values ​​during continuous measurement, used to locate the contact wire wear surface and calculate the straightness of the contact wire, etc.

[0026] The measuring head housing 9 is made of lightweight, high-strength aerospace-grade aluminum alloy. The battery 10 is a small-volume, high-capacity lithium battery used to power the tilt sensor 6, digital dial indicator 7, and data acquisition and processing board 8. The switch 11 is a rocker-shaped power button used to control the power supply to the measuring device. The Bluetooth antenna 12 is a 2.4G omnidirectional high-gain FPC built-in Bluetooth antenna used to improve the data transmission quality between the measuring head 1 and the industrial mobile phone 3.

[0027] The industrial mobile phone 3 establishes a wireless connection with the measuring head 1 via Bluetooth, and is used to send measurement commands to the measuring head 1, and to receive, display and store the measurement data sent by the measuring head 1.

[0028] A contact wire measurement method, using the aforementioned contact wire measurement device, includes the following steps: Taking the contact wire twist measurement component 4 on the right and the contact wire wear measurement component 5 on the left as an example: 1) Measurement of the contact wire twist angle.

[0029] Lift the measuring head 1 to the vicinity of the contact wire, causing the contact wire to enter the contact wire twist surface measuring assembly 4 along the positioning block mounting bracket 41 and forcing the movable positioning block 43 to open the tension spring 44. Rotate the insulating rod 2 in the vertical plane to engage the fixed positioning block 42 and the movable positioning block 43 into the contact wire groove. Select the "Contact Wire Twist Surface Angle" measurement option on the industrial handheld device 3 to complete the measurement. Move the measuring device to the left to disengage the fixed positioning block 42 from the contact wire groove, and then lift the measuring device diagonally upwards to remove the contact wire from the contact wire twist surface measuring assembly 4.

[0030] 2) Measurement of contact line wear angle and wear area.

[0031] Lift the measuring head 1 to the vicinity of the contact wire, causing the contact wire to move downwards along the positioning block mounting bracket 41. When the contact wire contacts the linkage plate 52, the industrial mobile phone 3 will prompt "Preparing for wear measurement". Continue to lift the measuring head 1 to the upper right, and the contact wire will push the linkage plate 52, the telescopic spring 53, and the telescopic guide assembly 54 downwards until they enter the wear measurement assembly 5 and abut against the side positioning block 56. Select the "Contact wire wear angle and wear area" measurement option on the industrial mobile phone 3. The data acquisition and processing board 8 will begin to acquire the measurement data from the tilt sensor 6 and the digital micrometer 7 in real time. Rotate the insulating rod 2 left and right in the vertical plane, and the data acquisition and processing board 8 will automatically filter and extract the maximum wear height and the corresponding tilt angle. The location of the maximum wear height is the location of the wear surface, and the corresponding tilt angle is the contact wire wear angle. The data acquisition and processing board 8 will also calculate the wear area of ​​the contact wire at this location and compare it with the built-in warning value and limit value of contact wire wear. If the limit is exceeded, a prompt will be issued. After the measurement is completed, the measuring device can be disengaged from the contact wire by moving it to the left.

[0032] 3) Measurement of contact line wear within the span.

[0033] For line sections that require special attention, the measuring device of the present invention can perform single-point precise measurement and dynamic continuous measurement of contact wire wear within one or more spans.

[0034] After inputting or importing the name of the section to be tested, the span support code (such as support 1→3 or support 3→1), and the dropper group code of the current measurement position (such as dropper 0→1, dropper 5→10, etc., where dropper 0 represents the locator at the starting point of the measurement and dropper 10 represents the locator or dropper at the ending point of the measurement), select the "Contact Wire Wear within Span" measurement option.

[0035] Measurement Example 1 – Single-Point Precision Measurement: Following the measurement method described above for “contact wire wear angle and wear area,” each point is measured sequentially. Specifically, the insulating rod 2 is rotated in the vertical plane, and the measuring device automatically locates the position of the maximum contact wire wear height and calculates the corresponding wear angle and wear area. Measurement points are generally selected at two points before and after the locator and dropper, the midpoint between the locator and adjacent dropper, and the midpoint between two dropper lines.

[0036] Measurement Example 2 – Dynamic Continuous Measurement: For straight sections without significant uneven wear, a dynamic continuous measurement mode can be used. The data acquisition and processing board 8 periodically collects the values ​​from the tilt sensor 6 and the digital micrometer 7. The measuring personnel can push the device at a constant speed within the small intervals between the positioner and the dropper, and between droppers, to obtain contact wire wear data for the entire interval, the entire span, or multiple spans.

[0037] To improve measurement efficiency, an automatic change function for dropper numbering can be set during the measurement of "contact wire wear within span". If the wear measurement is performed again shortly after the measuring head 1 separates from the contact wire, the dropper group number will automatically update to the next group. Upon completion of the measurement, selecting "End Continuous Measurement" will automatically change the last dropper number in the dropper group to 10.

[0038] The same method was used to perform continuous measurements over other spans.

[0039] 4) Measurement of the straightness of the contact line.

[0040] When there is no obvious twisting or uneven wear on the contact wire, this measuring device can measure the straightness of the contact wire. Secure the contact wire in the contact wire wear measuring component 5, input or import the necessary basic information such as the wiring and span into the industrial mobile phone 3, select the "Contact Wire Straightness" measurement option, and the operator pushes the measuring device at a uniform speed. The measuring head 1 will automatically save the contact wire wear data at equal intervals until manually confirmed to end the measurement. The measurement interval for contact wire straightness is generally 1m to 2m.

[0041] This invention achieves rapid and accurate measurement of the contact wire twist angle by precisely positioning the contact wire groove surface using the contact wire twist surface measuring component 4 and combining it with a high-precision tilt sensor 6. This invention also achieves accurate measurement of the contact wire wear angle and wear area by combining the contact wire wear measuring component 5 with the tilt sensor 6 and a digital micrometer 7. Furthermore, this invention employs a roller-type wear measuring block, allowing the measuring device to slide continuously along the contact wire, enabling continuous measurement of contact wire wear over the span and measurement of contact wire straightness.

[0042] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, the calculation model of each measurement function module in a contact wire measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a. Contact line twist angle α: α=α c -α0 Where, α c α0 is the measured value of the tilt sensor 6 when the contact wire twist surface measuring assembly 4 accurately positions the contact wire; α0 is the measured value of the tilt sensor 6 when the measuring device is in a vertical plane; b. Contact wire wear angle β: β=β c -α0 Where, β c The value measured by tilt sensor 6 is the position where the wear height of the contact wire is at its maximum. c. Contact wire wear area S: Based on the maximum wear height and the radius of the contact line, the arc area of ​​the wear portion can be obtained. That is, the wear area of ​​the contact wire.

[0043] S=S 扇 -S 三角 Among them, S 扇 =θ×r 2 S 三角 =(ar)×r×sin(θ); S 扇 S represents the sector area corresponding to the wear surface; 三角 θ is the area of ​​the triangle corresponding to the wear surface; θ is half of the central angle corresponding to the wear surface of the contact line; r is the radius of the contact line; a is the measurement value of the digital micrometer 7, which is also the remaining height of the contact line after wear.

[0044] d. Contact line straightness ∆b: The difference between the maximum and minimum wear heights within the measurement interval is calculated using the following model: ∆b=|max(b i )-min(b i )| Among them, b i Let b be the contact line wear height at any measurement point i. i =2r-a i ; max(b) i (b) represents the maximum wear height within the measurement interval; min(b) i ) represents the minimum wear height within the measurement interval; a i Let i be the measurement value of the dial indicator at any measurement point i.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present invention, all technical features not described in detail are existing technologies or conventional technical means, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring contact wires, characterized in that, The device is applied to a contact wire measuring device, which includes a measuring head (1), an insulating rod (2), and an industrial handpiece (3). The measuring head (1) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the insulating rod (2), and the industrial handpiece (3) is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the insulating rod (2). The insulating rod (2) is a height-adjustable telescopic structure. The measuring head (1) includes: a contact wire twist surface measuring component (4), a contact wire wear measuring component (5), an inclination sensor (6), a digital micrometer (7), a data acquisition and processing board (8), and a measuring head housing (9). The inclination sensor (6) and the digital micrometer (7) are electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing board (8), and the data acquisition and processing board (8) is wirelessly connected to the industrial mobile phone (3). The contact wire twist surface measuring component (4) is used to hook the contact wire groove and position the contact wire. The contact wire wear measuring component (5) is used to clamp the contact wire from the upper and lower sides. The measuring rod of the digital micrometer (7) is fixedly connected to the contact wire wear measuring component (5). The contact wire twist surface measuring component (4) and the contact wire wear measuring component (5) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the measuring head housing (9), and the inclination sensor (6), the digital micrometer (7), and the data acquisition and processing board (8) are fixedly installed inside the measuring head housing (9). The contact wire twist surface measuring component (4) includes: a positioning block mounting frame (41), a fixed positioning block (42), a movable positioning block (43), and a tension spring (44). The positioning block mounting frame (41) is an L-shaped plate structure. The lower horizontal base plate of the positioning block mounting frame (41) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the measuring head housing (9) through a vertical support plate and the contact wire wear measuring component (5). The fixed positioning block (42) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vertical side plate of the positioning block mounting frame (41). The upper parts of the fixed positioning block (42) and the movable positioning block (43) are movably connected through the tension spring (44). The contact wire wear measuring assembly (5) includes: a first roller-type measuring block (51), a linkage plate (52), a telescopic compression spring (53), a telescopic guide assembly (54), a dial indicator probe connecting seat (55), a side positioning block (56), and a second roller-type measuring block (57). The lower surface of the linkage plate (52) is fixedly mounted with the dial indicator probe connecting seat (55) and the telescopic guide assembly (54). The lower end of the telescopic guide assembly (54) penetrates the upper surface of the measuring head housing (9) and is fixedly installed inside the measuring head housing (9). The telescopic compression spring (53) is fitted onto the upper end of the telescopic guide assembly (54) and is located on the upper surface of the measuring head housing (9) and the linkage plate (52). Between the lower surfaces, the side positioning block (56) is fixedly installed on one side of the linkage plate (52) near the micrometer measuring rod connecting seat (55). The upper end of the side positioning block (56) near the linkage plate (52) is rotatably mounted with the first roller type measuring block (51). One end of the rotating shaft of the first roller type measuring block (51) is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the side of the side positioning block (56), and the other end of the rotating shaft of the first roller type measuring block (51) is rotatably mounted on the protruding edge of the horizontal bottom plate of the positioning block mounting bracket (41). The two ends of the rotating shaft of the second roller type measuring block (57) are rotatably mounted on the linkage plate (52). The upper and lower positions of the first roller type measuring block (51) and the second roller type measuring block (57) are corresponding. The contact wire measurement method includes the following steps: Step 1, Measure the contact wire twist angle: Make the contact wire enter the contact wire twist measurement component (4), rotate the insulating rod (2) in the vertical plane to make the fixed positioning block (42) and the movable positioning block (43) snap into the contact wire groove, and complete the measurement by selecting the contact wire twist angle measurement option through the industrial mobile phone (3); Step 2, measuring the contact wire wear angle and wear area: Lift the measuring head (1) to make the contact wire push the linkage plate (52), telescopic spring (53) and telescopic guide assembly (54) move downward until it enters the wear measurement assembly (5) and abuts against the side positioning block (56). Select the contact wire wear angle and wear area measurement option through the industrial mobile phone (3). The data acquisition and processing board (8) acquires the measurement data of the tilt sensor (6) and digital micrometer (7) in real time. Rotate the insulating rod (2) left and right in the vertical plane. The data acquisition and processing board (8) automatically filters and extracts the maximum wear height and the corresponding tilt angle. The maximum wear height is the location of the wear surface. The corresponding tilt angle is the contact wire wear angle. The data acquisition and processing board (8) calculates the contact wire wear area at this position. Step 3: Measure the wear of the contact wire within the span: Input or import the name of the section of the line to be measured, the code of the span support and the code of the dropper group at the current measurement position through the industrial mobile phone (3), select the option to measure the wear of the contact wire within the span, and perform single-point measurement or dynamic continuous measurement. Step 4: Measure the straightness of the contact wire: Secure the contact wire in the contact wire wear measurement component (5), input or import the necessary line and span through the industrial mobile phone (3), select the contact wire straightness measurement option, and the measuring personnel push the measuring device at a uniform speed. The measuring head (1) automatically saves the contact wire wear data at the same interval until the measurement is manually confirmed to end.

2. The contact wire measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation model is as follows: a. Contact line twist angle α=α c -α0, α c α0 is the measured value of the tilt sensor (6) when the contact wire twist surface measuring assembly (4) positions the contact wire, and α0 is the measured value of the tilt sensor (6) when the measuring device is in the vertical plane; b. Contact wire wear angle β=β c -α0,β c The measured value of the tilt sensor (6) at the position where the wear height of the contact wire is the maximum; c. Contact wire wear area S = S 扇 -S 三角 S 扇 =θ×r 2 S 三角 =(ar)×r×sin(θ), S 扇 S represents the sector area corresponding to the wear surface. 三角 θ is the area of ​​the triangle corresponding to the wear surface, θ is half of the central angle corresponding to the wear surface of the contact line, r is the radius of the contact line, and a is the measurement value of the digital dial indicator (7). d. Straightness of the contact line Δb = |max(b) i )-min(b i )|,b i Let b be the contact line wear height at any measurement point i. i =2r-a i ,max(b i () represents the maximum wear height within the measurement interval; min(b) i ) represents the minimum wear height within the measurement interval; a i Let i be the measurement value of the dial indicator at any measurement point i.

3. The contact wire measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed positioning block (42) and the movable positioning block (43) have protruding structures on their opposite sides. The shape of the protruding structures matches the groove of the contact line. Movable limiting rods are provided on both sides of the tension spring (44).

4. The contact wire measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic guide assembly (54) adopts a linear guide structure with a compression spring, or a combination structure of compression spring, linear bearing and optical axis.

5. The contact wire measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A battery (10) is fixedly installed inside the measuring head housing (9), and a switch (11) and a Bluetooth antenna (12) are fixedly installed outside the measuring head housing (9).

6. The contact wire measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition and processing board (8) integrates an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M core. The data acquisition and processing board (8) is connected to the tilt sensor (6) and the digital dial indicator (7) via an RS232 serial cable.

7. The contact wire measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tilt sensor (6) adopts the HVT829T single-axis tilt sensor with a range of ±30° and an accuracy of 0.01°, and the digital dial indicator (7) adopts the 543 series absolute digital dial indicator with a measurement range of 12.7mm.

8. The contact wire measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating rod (2) is a height-adjustable telescopic structure composed of multiple high-pressure resistant epoxy resin rods.

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