An automatic high flange bolt tightening and quality detection tool and method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a high-place flange bolt automatic fastening and quality detection tool and an operation method, and belongs to the technical field of bolt installation and detection. The high-place flange bolt automatic fastening and quality detection tool and the operation method comprise an outer fixed sleeve ring, an extension slot is formed in the inner end of the outer fixed sleeve ring, and an extension half ring is sleeved and installed in the extension slot. The high-place flange bolt automatic fastening and quality detection tool can automatically climb along a pipeline on the pipeline, detect the bolts passed, automatically detect two data according to the bolt tooth exposure condition and the perpendicularity condition, and feed back to the outside through a wired or wireless mode. The fastening force, the bolt perpendicularity, the bolt wire exposure condition and the like can be tested at one time, the bolt fixing effect is automatically evaluated, and especially for the pipeline in a high place or a narrow installation space, the detection efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flange bolt inspection technology, specifically to an automatic tightening and quality inspection tool and operating method for flange bolts installed at heights. Background Technology

[0002] In large pump houses, flange connections are typically used between pipes, between pipes and pump units, and between pipes and auxiliary components (such as silencers, filters, and valves). This type of connection has the advantage of simple construction. However, it also has certain drawbacks.

[0003] The tightening force of the connection cannot be guaranteed. Due to differences in workers' skills and physical strength, the tightening force of some bolts varies and cannot be distinguished by the naked eye. Random inspection is prone to omissions. When manually checking the tightening force of all bolts, it is difficult to ensure a consistent torque judgment and it is also time-consuming and labor-intensive. At present, there is a lack of devices for automatically testing the tightening force of bolts.

[0004] The perpendicularity of bolt tightening cannot be measured or observed with the naked eye. Some slightly misaligned bolts are not easily detected, leading to quality problems and potential leaks later on.

[0005] The number of exposed teeth on the bolt above the nut is difficult to inspect quickly. It is only based on visual observation and manual calculation, which leads to the failure of quality spot checks.

[0006] In some industrial projects, flanges are installed at high altitudes, making it inefficient and dangerous for personnel to climb up and secure the bolts.

[0007] Currently, traditional technologies lack devices that can simultaneously perform flange bolt tightening and automated intelligent testing of tightening quality, especially for bolt tightening and measurement at high altitudes in industrial settings. Furthermore, it's impossible to achieve consistent testing of verticality, tightness, and thread depth. This leads to a decline in the quality of flange bolt connections in large computer room piping systems, increasing the risk of leaks of internal media. For industrial projects involving toxic substances, this poses a significant hazard.

[0008] In the traditional method, the tightness of flange bolts needs to be checked regularly. However, random checks are also possible. Sometimes, in order to pass the checks, workers may apply uneven force when checking the bolts due to their individual strength. It is difficult to have a uniform standard for the checks. Moreover, as the checks progress, the mechanical labor often becomes merely a formality (the spatial constraints of some bolts also contribute to the difficulty in checking them). The actual tightness of the bolts is not checked with sufficient force, resulting in a decline in the quality of the checks.

[0009] Based on this, an automatic tightening and quality inspection tool and operating method for high-altitude flange bolts are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic bolt tightening and quality inspection tool and operating method for high-altitude flanges. It automatically detects two data points based on the bolt's exposed bolt teeth and verticality, feeding them back to the external system via wired or wireless means. It can simultaneously test tightening force, bolt verticality, and exposed bolt teeth, automating the evaluation of bolt fixing quality. This ensures fairness and impartiality during inspections, improving inspection efficiency. The device can also crawl on the pipe body, solving the problem of high-altitude bolt tightening and improving movement efficiency. Clamping at both ends enhances crawling stability. The device adjusts the position of the bolts on the flange sequentially, facilitating alignment between the bolt detection device and multiple bolts, improving inspection convenience. After inspection, the motor drives the moving half-ring to reset, preventing the moving half-ring from being limited during overall movement, thus enabling nut inspection. When the detection motor reverses, the nuts are tightened. Using this device requires minimal labor; only one bolt needs to be aligned, the flange model and bolt hole position set, and the remaining bolts can automatically travel on the flange and tighten. Personnel only need to monitor remotely in real time, solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic fastening and quality inspection tool for high-altitude flange bolts, comprising an outer fastening ring, wherein an expansion groove is provided at the inner end of the outer fastening ring, and an expansion half-ring is sleeved in the expansion groove, a fixed half-ring is connected below the expansion half-ring, a position adjustment device is installed in the fixed half-ring, and a bolt detection device is installed on the position adjustment device.

[0012] The bolt detection device includes an outer sleeve, a three-jaw chuck, a detection system, and an inner sleeve. The front end of the outer sleeve is connected to the three-jaw chuck, the detection system is installed inside the outer sleeve, the upper end of the outer sleeve is installed with an inner sleeve, and a fastening device is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, a movable plate is installed on the outer end face of the telescopic semi-ring, a side plate is fixed on the outer end face of the outer fixed sleeve, a movable motor is installed on the side plate, a lead screw is connected to the output end of the movable motor, the movable plate is sleeved on the lead screw by a nut, and a clamping device is provided between the outer fixed sleeve and the inner end of the telescopic semi-ring.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping device includes a left clamping plate, a right clamping plate, a left clamping cylinder, and a right clamping cylinder. The left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are symmetrically arranged. The left clamping plate is fixed on the output end of the left clamping cylinder, and the right clamping plate is fixed on the output end of the right clamping cylinder. Two clamping devices are provided, which are respectively fixed on the outer fixed collar and the telescopic semi-ring.

[0015] Preferably, the position adjustment device includes an outer plate, an adjustment motor, a drive gear, a movable half-ring, a drive tooth groove, and a locking block. The outer plate is fixed on the outer wall of the telescopic half-ring, the adjustment motor is fixed on the outer plate, the output end of the adjustment motor is connected to the drive gear, the fixed half-ring has an I-shaped groove inside, the upper end of the movable half-ring is connected to a locking block, the locking block is set in the I-shaped groove, and the outer end face of the locking block has a drive tooth groove that meshes with the drive gear.

[0016] Preferably, there are three adjustment motors and drive gears. The adjustment motors are fixed in a ring on the outer plate, and the output ends of the three adjustment motors are respectively provided with drive gears. All three adjustment motors mesh with drive gear slots through drive gears.

[0017] Preferably, the detection system includes a sensor, a display, a signal transmission module, a control module, and a micro-displacement testing module. The sensor and display are externally connected to the three-jaw chuck, the micro-displacement testing module is set inside the three-jaw chuck, and the sensor and display are connected to the control module through the signal transmission module.

[0018] Preferably, the fastening device includes a connecting bearing, a fixed outer ring sleeve, a detection motor, a linkage gear, and a linkage tooth groove. The connecting bearing is sleeved on the outer end face of the inner sleeve. The fixed outer ring sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting bearing. The detection motor is fixed on the fixed outer ring sleeve. The linkage gear is sleeved on the output end of the detection motor. The linkage tooth groove is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and the linkage tooth groove meshes with the linkage gear.

[0019] Preferably, the side end of the fixed outer ring is connected to the telescopic rod, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the output end of the external cylinder, and the external cylinder is fixed on the movable half ring.

[0020] Preferably, a force sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the left clamping plate near the pipe, for detecting the compressive force exerted by the left clamping plate on the outer wall of the pipe;

[0021] Force sensor 2 is installed on the outer wall of the right clamping plate near the pipe and is used to detect the squeezing force of the right clamping plate on the pipe.

[0022] Distance sensor 1 is installed on the output end of the left clamping cylinder to detect the extension and retraction length of the left clamping cylinder;

[0023] Distance sensor 2 is installed on the output end of the right clamping cylinder and is used to detect the extension and retraction length of the right clamping cylinder;

[0024] A timer, installed on the outer wall of the outer retaining ring, is used to record the usage time of the detection tool;

[0025] An alarm device is disposed on the outer surface of the outer wall of the outer retaining ring;

[0026] A controller, disposed on the outer surface of the outer fixed collar, is electrically connected to force sensor one, force sensor two, distance sensor one, distance sensor two, a timer, and an alarm. The controller controls the alarm's operation based on force sensor one, force sensor two, distance sensor one, distance sensor two, and the timer, including:

[0027] Step 1: The controller calculates the comprehensive pressure state index of the left and right clamping plates based on force sensor 1, force sensor 2, distance sensor 1, distance sensor 2, timer, and formula (1):

[0028]

[0029] Where X is the combined pressure state index of the left and right clamping plates, F1 is the detection value of force sensor one, F2 is the detection value of force sensor two, T1 is the detection value of the timer, T2 is the unit time, L1 is the maximum extension length of the left clamping cylinder, L2 is the maximum extension length of the right clamping cylinder, and R... a1 R is the surface roughness of the left clamping plate. a2 θ is the surface roughness of the right clamping plate, P is the wear rate of the friction surface materials of the left and right clamping plates under normal operating temperature of 26℃, θ is the Poisson's ratio of the materials of the left and right clamping plates, E1 is the allowable stress of the materials of the left and right clamping plates, E2 is the elastic modulus of the left and right clamping plates, and K is the product of the accuracy of force sensor one, force sensor two, distance sensor one, distance sensor two, and timer.

[0030] Step 2: Based on Step 1, calculate the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 using formula (2):

[0031]

[0032] Where Y is the safety threshold of the clamping device 23, μ1 is the friction coefficient of the left and right clamping plates, μ2 is the friction coefficient of the outer wall of the pipe, Δ1 is the preset damage coefficient between the left and right clamping plates and the outer wall of the pipe; Δ2 is the correction coefficient of the preset damage coefficient between the left and right clamping plates and the outer wall of the pipe, and e is the natural constant with a value of 2.72.

[0033] Step 3: The controller compares the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 calculated in Step 2 with the preset safety threshold. When the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 calculated in Step 2 is not within the preset safety threshold range, the controller controls the alarm to issue an alarm prompt.

[0034] This invention provides another technical solution: a method for operating an automatic tightening and quality inspection tool for high-altitude flange bolts, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Secure the three-jaw chuck to the nut and screw it in using the external knob. This will cause the three pawls on the three-jaw chuck to tighten inward to match the shape of the nut. The test motor will provide a rotational force to the three-jaw chuck, and the tightness of the flange bolt nut will be tested using this rotational force.

[0036] Step 2: The micro displacement testing module transmits the test results wirelessly through the signal transmission module. When the nut becomes loose, the detection motor reverses to tighten the nut.

[0037] Step 3: Adjust the motor to drive the drive gear to rotate, thereby driving the drive tooth groove and the moving half ring to rotate, driving the bolt detection device to rotate, and adjust the position of the bolts on the flange in sequence;

[0038] Step 4: The left and right clamping cylinders drive the left and right clamping plates to extend and retract, respectively, so that they clamp the pipe body. After the clamping device on the outer fixed ring clamps, the clamping device on the telescopic half ring is released. The moving motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and the moving plate drives the telescopic half ring and the clamping device on the telescopic half ring to move, so as to crawl on the pipe body.

[0039] Preferably, in step one, the detection motor drives the linkage gear to rotate, thereby driving the linkage tooth groove and the bolt detection device to rotate, so as to detect the nut and tighten it later.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] 1. The automatic tightening and quality inspection tool and operating method for high-altitude flange bolts described in this invention includes a micro-displacement testing module housed within a three-jaw chuck. Sensors and a display are connected to a control module via a signal transmission module. A detection motor provides a rotational force to the three-jaw chuck, which tests the tightness of the flange bolt nuts. If the nuts do not rotate under this force, the bolts are properly tightened. If loosening occurs, the micro-displacement testing module detects this and transmits the test results wirelessly via the signal transmission module. The tightening is then controlled by adjusting the external lifting mechanism. The block raises the three-jaw chuck for detecting the number of exposed bolt teeth and perpendicularity to a suitable position. After observing that it sits firmly against the top of the nut, the external knob is adjusted to tighten the three-jaw chuck to the same shape as the bolt. Based on the bolt's exposed teeth and perpendicularity, two data points are automatically detected. Specifically, the perpendicularity of the bolt and the number of exposed thread teeth can be measured by optical projection. The projection device is adjusted to a suitable height and position so that the bolt's image is fully displayed on the optical sensor, specifically the CMOS, and the clarity is adjusted to the optimal state.

[0042] 1. Check the perpendicularity of the bolt: Align the bolt head with the projection surface of the optical projection device and check the bolt from different directions, observing whether its image on the sensor remains perpendicular. If the bolt image is tilted or unstable, it indicates that the bolt's perpendicularity is not up to standard.

[0043] 2. Detecting the number of exposed threads: Align the bolt thread with the projection surface of the optical projection device, exposing a certain length of the thread. Detect the number of exposed threads on the sensor using image recognition. Calculate the number of exposed threads by comparing the number of exposed threads in the sensor with the actual number of threads on the bolt.

[0044] It is important to note that when performing optical projection testing, the projection device, bolt position, and bolts must be carefully calibrated to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0045] Feedback can be sent to the outside via wired or wireless means, and the fastening force, bolt perpendicularity, and bolt thread protrusion can be tested at once. The bolt fixing effect is automatically evaluated, and the inspection can be carried out fairly and impartially, improving the testing efficiency.

[0046] 2. The automatic tightening and quality inspection tool and operating method for high-altitude flange bolts described in this invention involves the left and right clamping cylinders driving the left and right clamping plates to extend and retract, thereby clamping the pipe body. When the clamping device on the outer fixed ring clamps, the clamping device on the telescopic half-ring releases, and the moving motor drives the lead screw to rotate. The moving plate then drives the telescopic half-ring and the clamping device on the telescopic half-ring to move, enabling it to crawl on the pipe body. This solves the problem of tightening bolts at high altitudes, improves movement efficiency, and the clamping movement at both ends improves the stability of the crawling.

[0047] 3. The automatic fastening and quality inspection tool and operating method for high-altitude flange bolts described in this invention involves adjusting the output end of the motor to connect with the drive gear. An I-shaped groove is provided inside the fixed half-ring, and a locking block is connected to the upper end of the movable half-ring. The locking block is positioned within the I-shaped groove, and a drive tooth groove is provided on the outer end face of the locking block. The drive tooth groove meshes with the drive gear. The motor is adjusted to drive the drive gear to rotate, thereby rotating the drive tooth groove and the movable half-ring, which in turn rotates the bolt detection device. The positions of the bolts on the flange are adjusted sequentially to facilitate alignment of the bolt detection device with multiple bolts, improving inspection convenience. After inspection, the motor is adjusted to reset the movable half-ring, preventing the movable half-ring from being limited during overall movement.

[0048] 4. The automatic tightening and quality inspection tool and operating method for high-altitude flange bolts described in this invention includes a linkage gear sleeved on the output end of the detection motor. The linkage gear groove is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and the linkage gear groove meshes with the linkage gear. The side end of the fixed outer ring is connected to the telescopic rod, and one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the output end of the external cylinder. The external cylinder is fixed on the moving half-ring. The detection motor drives the linkage gear to rotate, thereby driving the linkage gear groove and the bolt detection device to rotate, realizing the detection of the nut. When the detection motor reverses, it tightens the nut. The overall labor intensity is low. Only one bolt needs to be aligned, the flange model and bolt hole position need to be set, and the remaining bolts can automatically travel on the flange and be tightened. Personnel only need to monitor remotely in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt detection device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the bolt detection device and the fastening device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the connection modules of the detection system of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the outer fixed ring and the telescopic semi-ring of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the position adjustment device of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the position adjustment device structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A;

[0058] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the fastening device structure of the present invention.

[0059] In the diagram: 1. Outer fixed collar; 11. Side plate; 12. Moving motor; 13. Lead screw; 2. Telescopic semi-ring; 21. Fixed semi-ring; 22. Moving plate; 23. Clamping device; 231. Left clamping plate; 232. Right clamping plate; 233. Left clamping cylinder; 234. Right clamping cylinder; 24. I-shaped slide groove; 3. Position adjustment device; 31. External connecting plate; 32. Adjusting motor; 33. Drive gear; 34. Moving semi-ring; 35. Drive gear groove; 36. 4. Clamping block; 41. Bolt detection device; 42. Outer sleeve; 43. Three-jaw chuck; 44. Detection system; 431. Sensor; 432. Display; 433. Signal transmission module; 434. Control module; 435. Miniature displacement testing module; 46. Inner sleeve; 57. Fastening device; 51. Connecting bearing; 52. Fixed outer ring sleeve; 521. Telescopic rod; 522. External cylinder; 53. Detection motor; 54. Linkage gear; 55. Linkage tooth groove. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] To address the issue that the perpendicularity of existing bolt tightening cannot be measured or visually inspected, and that slightly misaligned bolts are difficult to detect, leading to quality problems and potential leaks later on, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0062] An automatic fastening and quality inspection tool for high-altitude flange bolts and its operating method include an outer fastening collar 1. An expansion groove is formed at the inner end of the outer fastening collar 1, and an expansion half-ring 2 is fitted inside the expansion groove. A fixed half-ring 21 is connected below the expansion half-ring 2. A position adjustment device 3 is installed inside the fixed half-ring 21, and a bolt detection device 4 is installed on the position adjustment device 3. The bolt detection device 4 includes an outer sleeve 41, a three-jaw chuck 42, a detection system 43, and an inner sleeve 44. The front end of the outer sleeve 41 is connected to the three-jaw chuck 42, the detection system 43 is installed inside the outer sleeve 41, and the inner sleeve 44 is fitted on the upper end of the outer sleeve 41. A fastening device 5 is fitted on the outer side of the inner sleeve 44. The three pawls on the three-jaw chuck 42 are screwed in by an external knob, causing the pawls to tighten inward to the shape of the nut, effectively adjusting according to the size of the nut and increasing the adaptability of the entire device.

[0063] When the bolt is misaligned, the detection tool includes an adjustable flexible joint, which is a spring-loaded rod whose length and degree of bending can be adjusted as needed, to tightly wrap around the bolt.

[0064] 1. If the bolt is misaligned, adjust the bending degree of the flexible joint so that it can tightly wrap around the bolt. The flexible joint can adaptively adjust the bending degree to ensure that the test end can completely wrap around the bolt. At the same time, the shape of the flexible joint can reflect the degree of misalignment.

[0065] 2. Start the automatic testing program. The testing equipment will automatically detect the bolt's perpendicularity and the number of exposed teeth. Simultaneously, if the bolt is misaligned, the flexible joint will reflect the degree of misalignment based on its shape. This allows for simultaneous measurement of both the bolt's perpendicularity and the degree of misalignment.

[0066] 3. After the test is completed, you can view the test results and make adjustments and corrections as needed.

[0067] It is important to note that when using testing equipment, factors such as the size, shape, location of the bolts, and environmental conditions must be considered, and appropriate safety measures must be taken. Furthermore, the testing equipment requires regular calibration and maintenance to ensure the accuracy and stability of the tests.

[0068] The detection system 43 includes a sensor 431, a display 432, a signal transmission module 433, a control module 434, and a micro-displacement testing module 435. The sensor 431 and display 432 are externally connected to the three-jaw chuck 42. The micro-displacement testing module 435 is located inside the three-jaw chuck 42. The sensor 431 and display 432 are connected to the control module 434 via the signal transmission module 433. The detection motor 53 provides a rotational force to the three-jaw chuck 42. This rotational force is used to test the tightness of the flange bolt nuts. If the nuts do not rotate under this force, it indicates that they are properly tightened. If loosening occurs, the micro-displacement testing module 435 detects it. The displacement testing module 435 transmits the test results wirelessly via the signal transmission module 433. By adjusting the external lifting module, the bolt tooth number and perpendicularity detection three-jaw chuck 42 is raised to a suitable position. After observing that it sits tightly against the top of the nut, the external knob is adjusted to tighten the bolt tooth number and perpendicularity detection three-jaw chuck 42 to the same shape as the bolt. Based on the bolt tooth number and perpendicularity, two data points are automatically detected and fed back to the outside via wired or wireless means. The fastening force, bolt perpendicularity, and bolt thread exposure can be tested at once, automatically evaluating the bolt fixing effect. This ensures fairness and impartiality during inspections and improves testing efficiency.

[0069] To address the problem of existing bolt fastening devices being unable to move on the pipe body, leading to cumbersome inspection processes, and the issue of flanges being installed at high locations in some industrial projects where personnel climbing to tighten bolts is inefficient and dangerous, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference needed]. Figures 5-6 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0070] A movable plate 22 is installed on the outer end face of the telescopic semi-ring 2, and a side plate 11 is fixed on the outer end face of the outer fixed sleeve 1. A movable motor 12 is installed on the side plate 11, and a lead screw 13 is connected to the output end of the movable motor 12. The movable plate 22 is sleeved on the lead screw 13 by a nut. A clamping device 23 is provided at the inner end of the outer fixed sleeve 1 and the telescopic semi-ring 2. The clamping device 23 includes a left clamping plate 231, a right clamping plate 232, a left clamping cylinder 233, and a right clamping cylinder 234. The left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 are symmetrically arranged. The left clamping plate 231 is fixed on the output end of the left clamping cylinder 233, and the right clamping plate 232 is fixed on the output end of the right clamping cylinder 234. Two clamping devices 23 are provided on the output end of cylinder 234, which are fixed on the outer fixed ring 1 and the telescopic half ring 2 respectively. The left clamping cylinder 233 and the right clamping cylinder 234 drive the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 to extend and retract, so as to clamp the pipe body. When the clamping device 23 on the outer fixed ring 1 clamps, the clamping device 23 on the telescopic half ring 2 is released. The moving motor 12 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate, and the moving plate 22 drives the telescopic half ring 2 and the clamping device 23 on the telescopic half ring 2 to move, so as to crawl on the pipe body, which solves the problem of bolt fastening at high places, improves the moving efficiency, and the clamping movement at both ends improves the stability of crawling.

[0071] Please see Figures 7-9 The position adjustment device 3 includes an outer plate 31, an adjustment motor 32, a drive gear 33, a movable half-ring 34, a drive tooth groove 35, and a locking block 36. The outer plate 31 is fixed on the outer wall of the telescopic half-ring 2, and the adjustment motor 32 is fixed on the outer plate 31. The output end of the adjustment motor 32 is connected to the drive gear 33. An I-shaped groove 24 is provided inside the fixed half-ring 21. The upper end of the movable half-ring 34 is connected to the locking block 36, which is located in the I-shaped groove 24. A drive tooth groove 35 is provided on the outer end face of the locking block 36. The drive tooth groove 35 meshes with the drive gear 33. The adjustment motor 32 drives the drive gear 33 to rotate, thereby driving the drive tooth groove 35 and the movable half-ring 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the bolt detection device 4 to rotate. The position of the bolts on the flange is adjusted sequentially to facilitate the alignment of the bolt detection device 4 with multiple bolts and improve the convenience of detection. After the detection is completed, the adjustment motor 32 drives the movable half-ring 34 to reset to prevent the movable half-ring 34 from being limited during the overall movement.

[0072] There are three adjustment motors 32 and drive gears 33. The adjustment motors 32 are fixed in a ring on the outer plate 31. The output ends of the three adjustment motors 32 are respectively provided with drive gears 33. All three adjustment motors 32 mesh with drive gear slots 35 through drive gears 33. By setting three adjustment motors 32 and drive gears 33, the moving half ring 34 can be rotated in multiple directions, preventing the moving half ring 34 from derailing from the drive gears 33 when moving, and improving adjustment efficiency.

[0073] Please see Figure 10 The fastening device 5 includes a connecting bearing 51, a fixing outer ring sleeve 52, a detection motor 53, a linkage gear 54, and a linkage tooth groove 55. The connecting bearing 51 is sleeved on the outer end face of the inner sleeve 44. The fixing outer ring sleeve 52 is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting bearing 51. The detection motor 53 is fixed on the fixing outer ring sleeve 52. The linkage gear 54 is sleeved on the output end of the detection motor 53. The linkage tooth groove 55 is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 44 and meshes with the linkage gear 54. The side end of the fixing outer ring sleeve 52 is connected to the telescopic rod 5. 21 Connection: One end of the telescopic rod 521 is connected to the output end of the external cylinder 522. The external cylinder 522 is fixed on the movable semi-ring 34. The detection motor 53 drives the linkage gear 54 to rotate, thereby driving the linkage tooth groove 55 and the bolt detection device 4 to rotate, so as to detect the nut. When the detection motor 53 reverses, it tightens the nut. The overall labor intensity is small. Only one bolt needs to be aligned and the flange model and bolt hole position need to be set. The remaining bolts can automatically move on the flange and be tightened. Personnel only need to monitor remotely in real time.

[0074] Furthermore, in order to monitor the clamping device 23 to prevent accidents during long-term operation, it also includes:

[0075] Force sensor 1 is installed on the outer wall of the left clamping plate 231 near the pipe, and is used to detect the squeezing force of the left clamping plate 231 on the outer wall of the pipe;

[0076] Force sensor 2 is installed on the outer wall of the right clamping plate 232 near the pipe, and is used to detect the squeezing force of the right clamping plate 232 on the pipe;

[0077] Distance sensor 1 is installed on the output end of the left clamping cylinder 233 and is used to detect the extension and retraction length of the left clamping cylinder 233;

[0078] Distance sensor 2 is installed on the output end of the right clamping cylinder 234 and is used to detect the extension and retraction length of the right clamping cylinder 234.

[0079] A timer is installed on the outer wall of the outer retaining ring 1 to record the usage time of the detection tool;

[0080] An alarm device is disposed on the outer surface of the outer wall of the outer retaining ring 1;

[0081] A controller, disposed on the outer surface of the outer retaining ring 1, is electrically connected to force sensor 1, force sensor 2, distance sensor 1, distance sensor 2, a timer, and an alarm. The controller controls the alarm's operation based on the force sensor 1, force sensor 2, distance sensor 1, distance sensor 2, and the timer, including:

[0082] Step 1: The controller calculates the comprehensive pressure state index of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 based on force sensor 1, force sensor 2, distance sensor 1, distance sensor 2, timer, and formula 1:

[0083]

[0084] Where X is the combined pressure state index of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232, F1 is the detection value of force sensor one, F2 is the detection value of force sensor two, T1 is the detection value of the timer, T2 is the unit time, L1 is the maximum extension length of the left clamping cylinder 233, L2 is the maximum extension length of the right clamping cylinder 234, and R... a1 R is the surface roughness of the left clamping plate 231. a2 The surface roughness of the right clamping plate 232 is given by P, the wear rate of the friction surface materials of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 under normal operating temperature of 26℃ can be obtained by referring to the friction material inspection report, θ is the Poisson's ratio of the materials of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232, E1 is the allowable stress of the materials of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232, E2 is the elastic modulus of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232, and K is the product of the accuracy of the force sensor 1, the force sensor 2, the distance sensor 1, the distance sensor 2, and the timer, which is greater than 0 and less than 1, and is related to the usage time of the sensor and the influence of the usage environment on the sensor.

[0085] Step 2: Based on Step 1, calculate the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 using Formula 2:

[0086]

[0087] Wherein, Y is the safety threshold of the clamping device 23, μ1 is the friction coefficient of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232, μ2 is the friction coefficient of the outer wall of the pipe, Δ1 is the preset damage coefficient between the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 and the outer wall of the pipe with a value greater than 0 and less than 1, which is set to take into account the influence of wear and dust on the outer wall of the pipe after the clamping device 23 clamps the pipe for a long time; Δ2 is the correction coefficient of the preset damage coefficient between the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 and the outer wall of the pipe with a value greater than 0 and less than 1, which is set to take into account the stability factors of the internal structure of the clamping device 23, and e is the natural constant with a value of 2.72.

[0088] Step 3: The controller compares the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 calculated in Step 2 with the preset safety threshold. When the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 calculated in Step 2 is not within the preset safety threshold range (0.85-1.5), the controller controls the alarm to issue an alarm prompt.

[0089] in, This indicates that when the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 are pushed by the left clamping cylinder 233 and the right clamping cylinder 234, under the influence of the wear rate and friction coefficient of the materials of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 on the extrusion pressure on the outer wall of the pipe, the comprehensive pressure state index of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 is obtained. This means that the comprehensive pressure state index is corrected by the friction coefficient, the preset damage coefficient, and the correction coefficient of the damage coefficient, so as to obtain the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 and make the calculation result more accurate.

[0090] During the long-term pipe crawling process, the clamping device 23 will clamp the pipe multiple times. During this process, the left clamping plate 231 and right clamping plate 232 will wear, requiring the left clamping cylinder 233 and right clamping cylinder 234 to adjust their extension length each time to prevent slippage. Force sensors 1 and 2 are used to record the pressure exerted by the left clamping plate 231 and right clamping plate 232 against the outer wall of the pipe. Distance sensors 1 and 2 are used to record the maximum extension length of the left clamping cylinder 233 and right clamping cylinder 234, as well as the total extension length. Formula (1) is used to calculate the comprehensive pressure state index of the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232. At the same time, the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 can be calculated according to the calculation result of formula (1) and formula (2). When the safety threshold of the clamping device 23 is not within the preset safety threshold range (0.85-1.5), the controller controls the alarm to issue an alarm prompt to notify relevant personnel to judge the current state of the clamping device 23 in order to ensure that it will not slip. By setting the controller to control the alarm to sound, relevant personnel are promptly notified to stop the operation of the device, which improves the intelligence of the equipment.

[0091] To better demonstrate the operation process of an automatic tightening and quality inspection tool for high-altitude flange bolts, this embodiment proposes an operation method for such a tool, including the following steps:

[0092] Step 1: Secure the three-jaw chuck 42 onto the nut and screw it in using the external knob. This will cause the three pawls on the three-jaw chuck 42 to tighten inward to match the shape of the nut. The detection motor 53 will provide a rotational force to the three-jaw chuck 42. The tightness of the flange bolt nut will be tested by using this rotational force.

[0093] Step 2: The micro displacement test module 435 transmits the test results wirelessly through the signal transmission module 433. When the nut is loose, the detection motor 53 reverses to tighten the nut.

[0094] Step 3: Adjust the motor 32 to drive the drive gear 33 to rotate, thereby driving the drive tooth groove 35 and the moving half ring 34 to rotate, driving the bolt detection device 4 to rotate, and adjust the position of the bolts on the flange in sequence.

[0095] Step 4: The left clamping cylinder 233 and the right clamping cylinder 234 drive the left clamping plate 231 and the right clamping plate 232 to extend and retract, so that they clamp the pipe body. When the clamping device 23 on the outer fixed ring 1 clamps, the clamping device 23 on the telescopic half ring 2 is released. The moving motor 12 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate, and the moving plate 22 drives the telescopic half ring 2 and the clamping device 23 on the telescopic half ring 2 to move, so as to crawl on the pipe body.

[0096] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0097] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic tightening and quality inspection tool for high-altitude flange bolts, comprising an outer retaining ring (1), characterized in that, The inner end of the outer fixed ring (1) is provided with a telescopic groove, and a telescopic half ring (2) is sleeved in the telescopic groove. A fixed half ring (21) is connected below the telescopic half ring (2). A position adjustment device (3) is installed in the fixed half ring (21), and a bolt detection device (4) is installed on the position adjustment device (3). The bolt detection device (4) includes an outer sleeve (41), a three-jaw chuck (42), a detection system (43), and an inner sleeve (44). The front end of the outer sleeve (41) is connected to the three-jaw chuck (42). The detection system (43) is installed inside the outer sleeve (41). The inner sleeve (44) is installed at the upper end of the outer sleeve (41). A fastening device (5) is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve (44). A moving plate (22) is installed on the outer end face of the telescopic semi-ring (2). A side plate (11) is fixed on the outer end face of the outer fixed ring (1). A moving motor (12) is installed on the side plate (11). A lead screw (13) is connected to the output end of the moving motor (12). The moving plate (22) is sleeved on the outer end face of the outer fixed ring (1) by a nut. On the lead screw (13), a clamping device (23) is provided at the inner end of the outer fixed collar (1) and the telescopic half-ring (2); the clamping device (23) includes a left clamping plate (231), a right clamping plate (232), a left clamping cylinder (233) and a right clamping cylinder (234). The left clamping plate (231) and the right clamping plate (232) are symmetrically arranged. The left clamping plate (231) is fixed on the output end of the left clamping cylinder (233), and the right clamping plate (232) is fixed on the output end of the right clamping cylinder (234). Two clamping devices (23) are provided, which are respectively fixed on the outer fixed collar (1) and the telescopic half-ring (2); the position adjustment device (3) includes an outer plate (31), an adjustment motor (32), and a drive. The gear (33), the movable half-ring (34), the drive tooth groove (35), and the locking block (36) are arranged in a ring. The outer plate (31) is fixed on the outer wall of the telescopic half-ring (2). The adjusting motor (32) is fixed on the outer plate (31). The output end of the adjusting motor (32) is connected to the drive gear (33). The fixed half-ring (21) has an I-shaped slide groove (24) inside. The upper end of the movable half-ring (34) is connected to the locking block (36). The locking block (36) is set in the I-shaped slide groove (24). The outer end face of the locking block (36) has a drive tooth groove (35) that meshes with the drive gear (33). There are three adjusting motors (32) and drive gears (33). The adjusting motor (32) rings the drive gear (33) with the drive gear (33). The shape is fixed on the external plate (31). The output ends of the three adjustment motors (32) are respectively provided with drive gears (33). The three adjustment motors (32) are all meshed with the drive gear groove (35) through the drive gear (33). The detection system (43) includes a sensor (431), a display (432), a signal transmission module (433), a control module (434), and a micro displacement test module (435). The sensor (431) and the display (432) are externally connected to the three-jaw chuck (42). The micro displacement test module (435) is set inside the three-jaw chuck (42). The sensor (431) and the display (432) are connected to the control module (434) through the signal transmission module (433).The fastening device (5) includes a connecting bearing (51), a fixed outer ring sleeve (52), a detection motor (53), a linkage gear (54), and a linkage tooth groove (55). The connecting bearing (51) is sleeved on the outer end face of the inner sleeve (44). The fixed outer ring sleeve (52) is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting bearing (51). The detection motor (53) is fixed on the fixed outer ring sleeve (52). The linkage gear (54) is sleeved on the output end of the detection motor (53). The linkage tooth groove (55) is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (44) and meshes with the linkage gear (54). The side end of the fixed outer ring sleeve (52) is connected to the telescopic rod (521). One end of the telescopic rod (521) is connected to the output end of the external cylinder (522). The external cylinder (522) is fixed on the movable half ring (34).

2. A method for operating the automatic tightening and quality inspection tool for high-altitude flange bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the three-jaw chuck (42) on the nut and screw it in using the external knob so that the three pawls on the three-jaw chuck (42) tighten inward to the same shape as the nut. The detection motor (53) provides a rotational force to the three-jaw chuck (42) and uses the rotational force to test the tightness of the flange bolt nut. Step 2: The micro displacement test module (435) transmits the test results wirelessly through the signal transmission module (433). When the nut is loose, the detection motor (53) reverses to tighten the nut. Step 3: Adjust the motor (32) to drive the drive gear (33) to rotate, thereby driving the drive tooth groove (35) and the moving half ring (34) to rotate, driving the bolt detection device (4) to rotate, and adjust the position of the bolts on the flange in sequence; Step 4: The left clamping cylinder (233) and the right clamping cylinder (234) drive the left clamping plate (231) and the right clamping plate (232) to extend and retract respectively, so that they clamp the pipe body. When the clamping device (23) on the outer fixed ring (1) clamps, the clamping device (23) on the telescopic half ring (2) is released. The moving motor (12) drives the lead screw (13) to rotate. The moving plate (22) drives the telescopic half ring (2) and the clamping device (23) on the telescopic half ring (2) to move, so as to crawl on the pipe body.

3. The operating method of the automatic tightening and quality inspection tool for high-altitude flange bolts according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step one, the detection motor (53) drives the linkage gear (54) to rotate, which in turn drives the linkage tooth groove (55) and the bolt detection device (4) to rotate, thereby enabling the detection of the nut and subsequent tightening.

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