Method and apparatus for observing scrap melting

Abstract

The application provides a method and device for observing scrap steel melting, and belongs to the technical field of in-situ observation of scrap steel melting. The method comprises the following steps: heating a steel sample in a high-temperature laser confocal microscope under an inert atmosphere to obtain liquid steel; adding scrap steel into the liquid steel to melt; and then using the high-temperature laser confocal microscope to synchronously and in-situ observe the scrap steel melting to obtain scrap steel melting information. The method uses the high-temperature confocal microscope to realize online in-situ observation of the real process of scrap steel melting in steel at high temperature for the first time, can effectively record the temperature, morphology, size and other information characteristics from the beginning to the end of scrap steel melting, and complete the melting law of scrap steel changing with time through the recorded information, and can realize the conditions of different particle sizes and different scrap steel ratios, thereby providing better guidance and reference for actual production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of in-situ observation technology of scrap steel melting, and in particular to a method and apparatus for observing scrap steel melting. Background Technology

[0002] The main raw materials for steelmaking in converter smelting include molten iron and scrap steel. Currently, scrap steel can be added to converter steelmaking in my country, and due to the relatively low scrap steel ratio, there is a trend towards an increase in the scrap steel ratio. Simultaneously, scrap steel is added to electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking. As many steel products gradually reach the end of their service life, the amount of scrap steel generated in society is gradually increasing, and the proportion of EAF steel will also gradually increase. Understanding the melting process of scrap steel in steel, and providing corresponding guidance and reference for determining the addition of scrap steel, melting time, and process operation, has become an increasingly important issue.

[0003] Currently, there are no reports on methods for online in-situ observation of the scrap steel melting process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and apparatus for observing scrap steel melting, in order to solve the technical problem that there are currently no reported methods for online in-situ observation of the scrap steel melting process.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for observing the melting of scrap steel, the method comprising:

[0006] Under an inert atmosphere, a steel sample placed in a high-temperature laser confocal microscope is heated to obtain liquid steel.

[0007] The scrap steel was added to the liquid steel and melted. Then, the melting of the scrap steel was observed in situ simultaneously using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope to obtain information on the melting of the scrap steel.

[0008] Furthermore, the process of heating the steel sample under a high-temperature laser confocal microscope in an inert atmosphere to obtain liquid steel specifically includes:

[0009] The steel sample was placed in the metallographic heating furnace of a high-temperature laser confocal microscope, and then radiated and heated by infrared rays emitted by the high-temperature laser confocal microscope under an inert atmosphere to obtain liquid steel.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating parameters include: a temperature of 1500–1600°C and a constant temperature holding time of 60–300 seconds.

[0011] Furthermore, the process of adding scrap steel to the molten steel for melting, followed by simultaneous in-situ observation of the scrap steel melting using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope to obtain scrap steel melting information, specifically includes:

[0012] The scrap steel was added to the molten steel and melted. Then, the melting of the scrap steel was observed in situ simultaneously using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope imaging system to obtain scrap steel melting information.

[0013] Furthermore, the chemical composition of the steel sample, by mass fraction, includes:

[0014] C: 2wt%–5wt%, Si: 0.2wt%–0.8wt%, Mn: 0.1wt%–1wt%, P: 0.01wt%–0.08wt%, S: 0.01wt%–0.07wt%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0015] Furthermore, the chemical composition of the scrap steel, by mass fraction, includes:

[0016] C: 0.1wt%–5wt%, Si: 0.1wt%–0.8wt%, Mn: 0.1wt%–5wt%, P: 0.003wt%–0.08wt%, S: 0.0005wt%–0.01wt%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0017] Furthermore, the steel sample is cylindrical in shape.

[0018] Furthermore, the scrap steel is in the shape of a cube with a side length of 1 to 5 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the cube includes a cube, a cuboid, or a sphere.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a high-temperature laser confocal microscope for use in conjunction with the method for observing scrap steel melting described in the first aspect, wherein the high-temperature laser confocal microscope device includes a scrap steel in-situ addition device;

[0021] The in-situ scrap steel addition device includes: a fixing component and a scrap steel in-situ addition device body;

[0022] The fixing element is used to fix the in-situ scrap steel addition device onto the high-temperature laser confocal microscope.

[0023] The main body of the scrap steel in-situ addition device includes: a feeding port, a first slicing blade, a second slicing blade, a first hole, a second hole, and an internal focusing device.

[0024] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] This application provides a method for observing the melting of scrap steel. This method utilizes a high-temperature confocal microscope to achieve, for the first time, online in-situ observation of the actual process of scrap steel melting in steel at high temperatures. It can effectively record information such as temperature, morphology, and size characteristics from the beginning to the end of scrap steel melting, and complete the melting law of scrap steel changing over time through the recorded information. At the same time, it can realize different particle sizes and different scrap steel ratios, providing better guidance and reference for actual production. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for observing the melting of scrap steel, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the in-situ scrap steel addition device provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the in-situ scrap steel addition device provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, thereby making the advantages and various effects of the present invention more clearly apparent. Those skilled in the art should understand that these specific embodiments and examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] Throughout this specification, unless otherwise specified, the terminology used herein should be understood as having the meaning commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In the event of any conflict, this specification shall prevail.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0034] The main raw materials for steelmaking in converter smelting include molten iron and scrap steel. Currently, scrap steel can be added to converter steelmaking in my country, and due to the relatively low scrap steel ratio, there is a trend towards an increase in the scrap steel ratio. Simultaneously, scrap steel is added to electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking. As many steel products reach the end of their service life, the amount of scrap steel generated in society is gradually increasing, and the proportion of EAF steel will also gradually increase. Understanding the melting process of scrap steel in steel, and providing corresponding guidance and reference for determining the addition of scrap steel, melting time, and process operation, has become an increasingly important issue. Traditionally, only rough estimates can be made based on experience and a large amount of industrial practice. Furthermore, the control of metallurgical indicators varies with different scrap steel ratios. For example, when the scrap steel ratio exceeds 20%, the temperature hit rate decreases, and the replenishment blowing rate increases due to the low temperature. During replenishment blowing, approximately 140 kg of iron needs to be oxidized for every 10°C increase, increasing steel consumption by about 2.8 kg / t, resulting in increased costs. Therefore, understanding the actual scrap steel melting process is particularly important.

[0035] Currently, there are no reports on methods for online in-situ observation of the scrap steel melting process.

[0036] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows:

[0037] Firstly, embodiments of this application provide a method for observing the melting of scrap steel, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0038] Under an inert atmosphere, a steel sample placed in a high-temperature laser confocal microscope is heated to obtain liquid steel.

[0039] The scrap steel was added to the liquid steel and melted. Then, the melting of the scrap steel was observed in situ simultaneously using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope to obtain information on the melting of the scrap steel.

[0040] This application provides a method for observing the melting of scrap steel. This method utilizes a high-temperature confocal microscope to achieve, for the first time, online in-situ observation of the actual process of scrap steel melting in steel at high temperatures. It can effectively record information such as temperature, morphology, and size characteristics from the beginning to the end of scrap steel melting, and complete the melting law of scrap steel changing over time through the recorded information. At the same time, it can realize different particle sizes and different scrap steel ratios, providing better guidance and reference for actual production.

[0041] As one embodiment of this application, the step of heating a steel sample located in a high-temperature laser confocal microscope under an inert atmosphere to obtain liquid steel specifically includes:

[0042] The steel sample was placed in the metallographic heating furnace of a high-temperature laser confocal microscope, and then radiated and heated by infrared rays emitted by the high-temperature laser confocal microscope under an inert atmosphere to obtain liquid steel.

[0043] In some specific embodiments of this application, when the molten steel sample is radiated and heated by infrared rays emitted from the high-temperature laser confocal microscope, the infrared rays can be emitted by a 1.5KW halogen light source.

[0044] In some specific embodiments of this application, after the metallographic heating furnace of the high-temperature laser confocal microscope is evacuated, it is continuously filled with an inert gas such as argon, so that the steel sample can be heated in an inert atmosphere.

[0045] As one embodiment of this application, the heating parameters include: a temperature of 1500-1600℃ and a constant temperature holding time of 60s-300s.

[0046] In some specific embodiments of this application, the heating temperature may be 1510℃, 1520℃, 1530℃, 1540℃, 1550℃, 1560℃, 1570℃, 1580℃, 1590℃, 1600℃, etc.; the constant temperature holding time may be 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 120s, 140s, 160s, 180s, 200s, 220s, 240s, 260s, 280s, 300s, etc.

[0047] In some specific embodiments of this application, the slag sample can be monitored in real time using the R-type thermocouple integrated with the high-temperature laser confocal microscope.

[0048] As one embodiment of this application, the step of adding scrap steel to the molten steel for melting, followed by simultaneous in-situ observation of the scrap steel melting using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope to obtain scrap steel melting information, specifically includes:

[0049] The scrap steel was added to the molten steel and melted. Then, the melting of the scrap steel was observed in situ simultaneously using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope imaging system to obtain scrap steel melting information.

[0050] In this application, the imaging system of the high-temperature laser confocal microscope is used to perform high-speed scanning of the surface of molten steel to achieve synchronous in-situ observation of scrap steel melting, and to record information such as temperature, morphology and size from the beginning to the end of scrap steel melting. The recorded information is used to complete the melting law of scrap steel over time, and to provide guidance for actual production.

[0051] As one embodiment of this application, the chemical composition of the steel sample, by mass fraction, includes:

[0052] C: 2wt%–5wt%, Si: 0.2wt%–0.8wt%, Mn: 0.1wt%–1wt%, P: 0.01wt%–0.08wt%, S: 0.01wt%–0.07wt%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0053] In this application, in order to better reflect the actual production process of iron and steel smelting, the above-mentioned steel samples were used to observe the melting of scrap steel, and the results obtained are more practically instructive.

[0054] As one embodiment of this application, the chemical composition of the scrap steel, by mass fraction, includes:

[0055] C: 0.1wt%–5wt%, Si: 0.1wt%–0.8wt%, Mn: 0.1wt%–5wt%, P: 0.003wt%–0.08wt%, S: 0.0005wt%–0.01wt%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0056] In this application, in order to better reflect the actual production process of iron and steel smelting, the above-mentioned scrap steel was used to observe the melting of scrap steel, and the results obtained are more practically instructive.

[0057] In one embodiment of this application, the steel sample is cylindrical in shape.

[0058] In this application, controlling the shape of the steel sample to be cylindrical serves to facilitate the addition of materials and subsequent information statistics during scrap steel melting.

[0059] In one embodiment of this application, the scrap steel is a cube with a side length of 1 to 5 mm.

[0060] In this application, controlling the shape of the scrap steel to be a cube with a side length of 1 to 5 mm serves to facilitate addition and observation.

[0061] As one embodiment of this application, the cube includes a cube, a cuboid, or a sphere.

[0062] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a high-temperature laser confocal microscope for use in conjunction with the method for observing scrap steel melting described in the first aspect, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the high-temperature laser confocal microscope device includes a scrap steel in-situ addition device;

[0063] The in-situ scrap steel addition device includes: a fixing component and a scrap steel in-situ addition device body;

[0064] The fixing element is used to fix the in-situ scrap steel addition device onto the high-temperature laser confocal microscope.

[0065] The main body of the scrap steel in-situ addition device includes: a feeding port, a first slicing blade, a second slicing blade, a first hole, a second hole, and an internal focusing device.

[0066] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally determined according to national standards. If no corresponding national standard exists, then generally accepted international standards, conventional conditions, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This example provides a method for observing the melting of scrap steel, including the following process:

[0069] (1) The actual molten steel from the converter was selected as the experimental sample. The composition of the sample was: C 2wt%~5wt%, Si 0.2wt%~0.8wt%, Mn 0.1wt%~1wt%, P 0.01wt%~0.08wt%, S 0.01wt%~0.07wt%, and the remainder was Fe;

[0070] (2) After preparing the steel sample into a cylindrical specimen, place it in a container and put the container in the metallographic heating furnace of the high-temperature laser confocal microscope. The lid of the heating furnace adopts an in-situ addition device. Add scrap steel at the feeding hole of the in-situ addition device. The scrap steel can be square scrap steel with a side length of 1-5 mm, rectangular scrap steel with a length of 1-5 mm, or circular scrap steel with a diameter of 1-5 mm. At this time, the scrap steel stays in the in-situ addition device.

[0071] (3) The mass ratio of the added scrap steel to the steel sample is 0.1% to 30%, and the composition of the added scrap steel is 0.1wt% to 5wt% C, 0.1wt% to 0.8wt% Si, 0.1wt% to 5wt% Mn, 0.003wt% to 0.08wt% P, 0.0005wt% to 0.01wt% S, with the remainder being Fe;

[0072] (4) After the metallographic heating furnace is evacuated, inert gas is continuously introduced. The steel sample is radiated and heated by infrared rays emitted by a high-temperature laser confocal microscope. The steel sample is measured in real time by the R-type thermocouple of the high-temperature laser confocal microscope. The steel sample is heated to 1500-1600℃ and kept at a constant temperature for 60-300s.

[0073] (5) Rotate the in-situ addition device to make the scrap steel fall into the liquid steel. At this time, continue to keep it warm and use the imaging system of the high temperature laser confocal microscope to perform high-speed scanning on the surface of the liquid steel to achieve synchronous in-situ observation of the scrap steel melting and record the temperature, morphology and size information from the beginning to the end of the scrap steel melting.

[0074] (6) The inert gas is argon. When the molten steel sample is radiated and heated by infrared rays emitted by the high-temperature laser confocal microscope, the infrared rays are emitted by a 1.5KW halogen light source.

[0075] (7) When the laser beam emitted by the high-temperature laser confocal microscope irradiates the surface of the steel sample, the laser beam is a He-Ne laser beam. When using the imaging system built into the high-temperature laser confocal microscope to perform high-speed scanning of the molten steel and scrap steel surfaces, the scanning speed is 50 frames / second. After evacuating the metallographic furnace, the vacuum level inside the metallographic furnace is maintained at 10... -3 ~10 -4 Torr;

[0076] (8) Operation of the in-situ addition device: After adding scrap steel through the feeding inlet, both scribers remain in a position concentric with the focusing device. At this time, the scrap steel is in the furnace cover addition device, i.e., in the hole of the scriber above the lower scriber. When the high-temperature confocal microscope is heated to the set temperature, slide the scriber device counterclockwise, and both scribers rotate towards the center of the focusing device simultaneously. When the hole of the inner scriber coincides with the center point of the observation hole in the vertical direction of the furnace cover, slide the device clockwise, and the lower scriber will just engage with the focusing device. At this time, the material falls into the dry pot below for experimental research on the melting behavior of scrap steel. Then slide the scriber device clockwise, and the scriber will just engage with the focusing device. At this time, the in-situ material addition process ends.

[0077] (9) By recording the information, the melting law of scrap steel over time is completed, providing guidance for actual production.

[0078] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a method and apparatus for observing the melting of scrap steel. This method utilizes a high-temperature confocal microscope to achieve, for the first time, online in-situ observation of the actual process of scrap steel melting in steel at high temperatures. It can effectively record information such as temperature, morphology, and size characteristics from the beginning to the end of scrap steel melting, and complete the melting law of scrap steel over time through the recorded information. At the same time, it can realize different particle sizes and different scrap steel ratios, providing better guidance and reference for actual production.

[0079] It should be understood that the endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0080] It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Additionally, the term "and / or" as used herein is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone.

[0081] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for online in-situ observation of scrap steel melting, characterized in that, The method includes: Under an inert atmosphere, a steel sample placed in a high-temperature laser confocal microscope is heated to obtain liquid steel. Scrap steel is added to the molten steel for melting using a scrap steel in-situ addition device. The scrap steel in-situ addition device includes a fixing component and a scrap steel in-situ addition device body. The fixing component is used to fix the scrap steel in-situ addition device to the high-temperature laser confocal microscope. The scrap steel in-situ addition device body includes a feeding port, a first scribe line, a second scribe line, a first hole, a second hole, and an internal focusing device. When adding scrap steel, first, both the first and second scribes are positioned concentrically with the internal focusing device. After the scrap steel is added through the feeding port, it remains in the hole above the second scribe. When the high-temperature laser confocal microscope reaches the target temperature, the scribe device is slid counterclockwise to rotate both the first and second scribes towards the center of the internal focusing device. When the hole of the first scribe coincides with the center point of the observation hole in the vertical direction, the second scribe is slid clockwise to engage with the internal focusing device, and the scrap steel falls into the molten steel. Simultaneous in-situ observation of scrap steel melting was conducted using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope to obtain scrap steel melting information.

2. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves heating a steel sample placed under a high-temperature laser confocal microscope in an inert atmosphere to obtain liquid steel, specifically including: The steel sample was placed in the metallographic heating furnace of a high-temperature laser confocal microscope, and then radiated and heated by infrared rays emitted by the high-temperature laser confocal microscope under an inert atmosphere to obtain liquid steel.

3. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating parameters include: a temperature of 1500–1600℃ and a constant temperature holding time of 60–300 s.

4. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves adding scrap steel to the molten steel for melting, followed by simultaneous in-situ observation of the scrap steel melting using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope to obtain scrap steel melting information. Specifically, this includes: The scrap steel was added to the molten steel and melted. Then, the melting of the scrap steel was observed in situ simultaneously using a high-temperature laser confocal microscope imaging system to obtain scrap steel melting information.

5. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical composition of the steel sample, by mass fraction, includes: C: 2 wt%~5 wt%, Si: 0.2 wt%~0.8 wt%, Mn: 0.1 wt%~1 wt%, P: 0.01 wt%~0.08 wt%, S: 0.01 wt%~0.07 wt%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

6. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical composition of the scrap steel, by mass fraction, includes: C: 0.1 wt%~5 wt%, Si: 0.1 wt%~0.8 wt%, Mn: 0.1 wt%~5 wt%, P: 0.003 wt%~0.08 wt%, S: 0.0005 wt%~0.01 wt%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

7. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel sample is cylindrical in shape.

8. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scrap steel is in the shape of a cube with a side length of 1-5 mm.

9. The method for observing the melting of scrap steel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cube includes a cube, a cuboid, or a sphere.

Images