Variable aperture, camera module, and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a variable aperture, a camera module and an electronic device. The variable aperture comprises a base, a fixed disc, a rotating disc, a plurality of blades, a first SMA wire and a second SMA wire. The fixed disc is fixedly connected to the base, and the rotating disc is rotatably connected to the base and arranged around the fixed disc. The plurality of blades are annularly distributed and enclose an aperture hole. Each blade is rotatably connected to the fixed disc and slidably connected to the rotating disc. One end of the first SMA wire and the second SMA wire is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the rotating disc. The first SMA wire or the second SMA wire is used to contract when powered on to drive the rotating disc to rotate relative to the fixed disc. Each blade rotates relative to the fixed disc and slides relative to the rotating disc, and the aperture diameter of the aperture hole changes. The direction in which the rotating disc rotates driven by the contraction of the first SMA wire is opposite to the direction in which the rotating disc rotates driven by the contraction of the second SMA wire. The aperture diameter adjustment precision of the aperture hole of the variable aperture is high.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application has the application number 202110475918.1 and the original application date is April 29, 2021. The entire contents of the original application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of photography technology, and more particularly to a variable aperture, camera module, and electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] Traditional camera modules feature a variable aperture. By changing the size of the aperture opening, the intensity of incident light can be adjusted, thereby significantly improving the image quality of the camera module. Currently, variable apertures primarily use a voice coil motor (VCM) to drive blades to adjust the aperture size. However, because voice coil motors are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, the aperture adjustment precision of variable apertures is relatively poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a variable aperture, a camera module, and an electronic device, wherein the aperture hole of the variable aperture has high aperture adjustment accuracy.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a variable aperture, including a base, a fixed plate, a turntable, multiple blades, a first SMA line, and a second SMA line. The base has a through hole. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the base, and the fixed plate is annular with its inner through hole facing the through hole. The turntable is rotatably connected to the base and surrounds the fixed plate. The multiple blades are located on the same side of the fixed plate and the turntable, and are arranged in a ring to enclose the aperture, which is facing the through hole. Each blade is rotatably connected to the fixed plate and slidably connected to the turntable. The first SMA line and the second SMA line are each connected to the base at one end and to the turntable at the other end. The first SMA line or the second SMA line is used to retract when energized to drive the turntable to rotate relative to the fixed plate. Each blade rotates relative to the fixed plate and slides relative to the turntable, thus changing the aperture of the aperture. The direction in which the first SMA line retracts and drives the turntable to rotate is opposite to the direction in which the second SMA line retracts and drives the turntable to rotate.

[0006] In this application, the variable aperture drives the turntable to rotate relative to the fixed plate through the first SMA line or the second SMA line, causing multiple blades to close or open, and the aperture diameter of the aperture hole changes. Compared with the traditional voice coil motor, the variable aperture drive mechanism is less susceptible to electromagnetic interference, resulting in higher aperture hole diameter adjustment accuracy and better reliability.

[0007] Furthermore, due to the small size and compact arrangement of components in the drive mechanism using SMA line drive, the variable aperture can save space in both the length and width directions compared to a traditional voice coil motor, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the variable aperture. The length and width directions are perpendicular to each other and both perpendicular to the center line of the aperture hole.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the variable aperture also includes a first lever, which comprises a rotating part, a first connecting part, and a second connecting part. The rotating part is rotatably connected to the base, a first SMA line is connected to the first connecting part, and a turntable is connected to the second connecting part. When the first SMA line retracts, it drives the first connecting part to rotate around the rotating part, causing the second connecting part to rotate around the rotating part and the turntable to rotate relative to the fixed plate.

[0009] The variable aperture also includes a second lever, which is rotatably connected to the base. A second SMA line is connected to the second lever, and the second lever is also connected to a turntable.

[0010] In this implementation, the first lever is linked to the turntable, and the first SMA line is connected to the turntable via the first lever. The second lever is also linked to the turntable, and the second SMA line is connected to the turntable via the second lever. Therefore, both the first and second SMA lines are connected to the base at one end and to the turntable at the other. For example, when the first SMA line contracts, it drives the first turntable to rotate. The first lever causes the turntable to rotate relative to the base, and the second lever is driven to rotate by the turntable, thus stretching the second SMA line. Similarly, when the second SMA line contracts, the turntable is driven to rotate in the other direction, and the first SMA line is stretched.

[0011] The first lever may further include a lever body, which includes a top surface and a bottom surface disposed opposite to each other. A rotating part protrudes from the bottom surface of the lever body, and the rotating part may include a rotating column. A first connecting part protrudes from the top surface of the lever body, and the first connecting part may include a support platform and a connecting column protruding from the top surface of the support platform. A second connecting part may be formed on the side surface of the lever body, and the side surface of the lever body is located between the top surface and the bottom surface of the lever body.

[0012] The variable aperture includes a first latch, a second latch, a third latch, and a fourth latch. The two ends of the first SMA line are connected to the first latch and the second latch, respectively. The two ends of the second SMA line are connected to the third latch and the fourth latch, respectively. The first latch is mounted on the base so that one end of the first SMA line is connected to the base. The second latch is connected to the first connecting part of the first dial, so that the other end of the first SMA line is connected to the turntable via the first dial. The third latch is mounted on the base so that one end of the second SMA line is connected to the base. The fourth latch is connected to the second dial, so that the other end of the second SMA line is connected to the turntable via the second dial.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the second connecting part meshes with or is interference-fitted with the turntable. For example, the second connecting part includes a gear structure, the turntable includes a gear structure, and the gear structure of the second connecting part meshes with the gear structure of the turntable.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the distance between the first connecting part and the rotating part is smaller than the distance between the second connecting part and the rotating part. It is understandable that the aperture of a conventional variable aperture using a voice coil motor is prone to limited variation due to the upper limit of the magnetic force of the magnet and coil; that is, the aperture range of a conventional variable aperture is limited. However, in this application, the variable aperture is driven by either a first SMA line or a second SMA line, and the aperture diameter variation range of the variable aperture is not affected by the magnetic force of the magnet and coil. Furthermore, since the distance between the first connecting part and the rotating part of the first lever is smaller than the distance between the second connecting part and the rotating part, the first lever can achieve a larger stroke. When the first SMA line has a smaller contraction length, the first lever can rotate the turntable relative to the fixed plate by a larger angle, resulting in a larger rotation angle of the blades and a larger aperture diameter variation. Similarly, the second lever can also achieve a larger stroke, resulting in a larger aperture diameter variation range for the variable aperture, which is beneficial for improving the shooting quality of camera modules using variable apertures and enriching shooting scenarios.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the first connecting part and the second connecting part are located on both sides of the rotating part, respectively. For example, the main body of the lever can be generally fan-shaped, the first connecting part can be fixed at or near the center of the lever body, the second connecting part can be fixed to the outer arc surface (i.e., the side) of the lever body, and the rotating part is fixed between the center of the lever body and the outer arc surface.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the variable aperture also includes a return spring, which connects the first connecting part to the base. Because the variable aperture has a return spring, the blades can be reset after power is cut off. Therefore, the variable aperture does not require additional power, saving power and resulting in lower power consumption.

[0017] For example, the two ends of the return spring can be connected to the first and second levers respectively, and the middle part can be connected to the base. In some other implementations, the return spring may also include two independent parts, one part connecting the first lever and the base, and the other part connecting the second lever and the base.

[0018] The return spring can be connected to the second and fourth jaws respectively at both ends. The return spring, the second jaw, and the fourth jaw can be integrally formed.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the base includes a base plate and an inner ring wall. The base plate is annular and surrounds a through hole. The inner ring wall is fixed to the inner periphery of the base plate and has a first notch. The turntable includes a disc body and a first mating part fixed to one side of the disc body. The disc body is disposed opposite to the base plate. The first mating part is located at the first notch and mates with a second connecting part.

[0020] In this implementation, the first and second mating parts of the turntable are arranged using the notch in the base, thereby sharing space with the base, improving the space utilization of the variable aperture, and facilitating the miniaturization of the variable aperture.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the fixed plate is fixed to the side of the inner ring wall facing away from the base plate, and the fixed plate covers the first notch, so that the first and second mating parts of the turntable are limited between the fixed plate and the base plate of the base, and the turntable can rotate stably between the fixed plate and the base.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the variable aperture also includes a first magnetic component and a second magnetic component, the first magnetic component being fixed to the base and configured corresponding to the first SMA line, and the second magnetic component being fixed to the base and configured corresponding to the second SMA line.

[0023] For example, the first and second magnetic components can be permanent magnets, such that the first magnetic component attracts the first SMA wire and the second magnetic component attracts the second SMA wire, to prevent the SMA wire from shifting in a relaxed state. Alternatively, the first and second magnetic components can also be electromagnets, used to attract the first and / or second SMA wires during certain periods under the control of an electrical signal, and not attract the first and / or second SMA wires during other periods.

[0024] In some possible implementations, each blade includes a first end and a second end. The first end includes a rotating hole and a guide hole spaced apart, and the second end includes a first edge. The first edge is disposed on the same side as the rotating hole and is part of the aperture hole wall. The shape of the first edge can be a straight line, an arc, a combination of straight lines and arcs, a combination of straight lines and straight lines, or a combination of arcs and arcs.

[0025] The fixed plate includes a first fixed post inserted into a rotating hole. The turntable includes a second fixed post inserted into a guide hole and capable of sliding within the guide hole. When the turntable rotates relative to the fixed plate, the second fixed post slides within the guide hole, causing the blades to rotate around the first fixed post relative to the fixed plate. The multiple blades closing together causes the aperture to shrink or open, thus enlarging the aperture.

[0026] Multiple blades can be stacked into two layers. The blades stacked at the bottom layer can contact the turntable and the fixed plate, while the blades stacked at the top layer can contact the pads and the blades stacked at the bottom layer, which are raised by the pads and the blades stacked at the bottom layer.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the turntable and the base are connected via ball bearing slides. For example, the base includes a base plate and multiple connecting portions protruding from the top surface of the base plate, each connecting portion having a groove. The variable aperture also includes multiple balls, each ball bearing being mounted in one of the grooves of the multiple connecting portions. The turntable includes a disc body and multiple guide portions fixed to one side of the disc body, each guide portion including a guide groove. The extension trajectory of the guide groove can be arc-shaped, and the centers of the extension trajectories of the guide grooves of the multiple guide portions coincide. The disc body of the turntable is disposed opposite to the base plate of the base, and the multiple balls correspond one-to-one with the multiple guide portions, with each ball bearing partially located in the guide groove of its corresponding guide portion.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the variable aperture also includes a return spring, which connects the base to the turntable. Because the variable aperture has a return spring, the turntable can be reset after power is cut off, thus resetting the blades. Therefore, the variable aperture does not require additional power, saving power and resulting in lower power consumption.

[0029] Secondly, this application also provides a camera module, including a lens and a variable aperture as described above, wherein the variable aperture is fixed to the lens and the aperture hole of the variable aperture is located on the light transmission path of the lens.

[0030] In this application, since the variable aperture can accurately adjust the size of its aperture hole, the illumination intensity of the incident light entering the image sensor of the camera module through the lens can be adjusted, thereby greatly improving the imaging quality of the camera module.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the aperture is located on the light-incident side of the lens. The lens can partially embed a variable aperture, thereby reducing the thickness of the camera module and facilitating miniaturization.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the lens includes a first part and a second part coaxially arranged, with an aperture located between the first part and the second part. The first part may include a first lens barrel and a first lens group mounted on the first lens barrel, and the second part may include a second lens barrel and a second lens group mounted on the second lens barrel. The optical axis of the second lens group coincides with the optical axis of the first lens group.

[0033] In this implementation, the variable aperture aperture is positioned between the first and second parts to better meet the shooting requirements of the camera module.

[0034] Thirdly, this application also provides an electronic device, including an image processor and a camera module as described above. The image processor is communicatively connected to the camera module and is used to acquire and process image data from the camera module. Since the camera module has superior imaging quality, the user experience of the electronic device is better. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a camera module in some embodiments.

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial exploded view of the camera module shown.

[0038] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the camera module cut along point AA.

[0039] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partially exploded view of the variable aperture shown.

[0040] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the base.

[0041] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the first lever block;

[0042] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of part of the variable aperture structure shown;

[0043] Figure 9 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the variable aperture. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure shown, cut along point BB;

[0045] Figure 11 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the turntable.

[0046] Figure 12 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the variable aperture. Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the structure shown;

[0048] Figure 14 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the variable aperture. Figure 3 ;

[0049] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure shown, cut along point CC.

[0050] Figure 16 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the variable aperture. Figure 4 ;

[0051] Figure 17 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the blade.

[0052] Figure 18 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the variable aperture. Figure 5 ;

[0053] Figure 19 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the variable aperture in one usage state. Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 20 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structure of the variable aperture in one usage state. Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 21 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the camera module in some other embodiments;

[0056] Figure 22 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the camera module in some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B; the word "and / or" in the text merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0058] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "inner", "outer", "side", "top", "bottom", etc., are only for reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "set on" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. "Rotary connection" refers to a connection where the two parts can rotate relative to each other after connection. "Sliding connection" refers to a connection where the two parts can slide relative to each other after connection.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The electronic device 100 can be a mobile phone, tablet personal computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), camera, personal computer, laptop computer, in-vehicle equipment, wearable device, augmented reality (AR) glasses, AR helmet, virtual reality (VR) glasses, or VR helmet, etc., that has a camera module. Figure 1 The electronic device 100 of the illustrated embodiment is described using a mobile phone as an example.

[0061] The electronic device 100 includes a housing 10, a display screen (not shown), an image processor 20, and a camera module 30. In some embodiments, the housing 10 includes a frame 101 and a back cover 102. The frame 101 and the back cover 102 can be integrally formed or assembled into a single structure. The display screen and the back cover 102 are respectively mounted on both sides of the frame 101.

[0062] The image processor 20 and the camera module 30 are housed inside the housing 10. The image processor 20 is communicatively connected to the camera module 30, and is used to acquire and process image data from the camera module 30. The communication connection between the camera module 30 and the image processor 20 can include data transmission via electrical connections such as wiring, or data transmission via coupling. It is understood that the camera module 30 and the image processor 20 can also be connected via other methods capable of data transmission.

[0063] The function of the image processor 20 is to optimize the digital image signal through a series of complex mathematical algorithms, and finally transmit the processed signal to the display. The image processor 20 can be an image processing chip or a digital signal processing chip. Its role is to transmit the data obtained by the photosensitive chip to the central processing unit in a timely and fast manner and refresh the photosensitive chip. Therefore, the quality of the image processor 20 chip directly affects the image quality (such as color saturation, sharpness, etc.).

[0064] In this embodiment, the rear cover 102 is provided with a camera hole 1021, through which the camera module 30 collects light to serve as a rear camera of the electronic device 100. For example, the rear cover 102 includes a light-transmitting lens mounted on the camera hole 1021 to allow light to pass through and to provide dust and water resistance. In other embodiments, the camera module 30 may also serve as a front camera of the electronic device 100.

[0065] Understandable, Figure 1 The installation position of the camera module 30 in the illustrated embodiment of the electronic device 100 is merely illustrative, and this application does not strictly limit the installation position of the camera module 30. In some other embodiments, the camera module 30 may also be installed in other locations on the electronic device 100, such as the upper center or upper right corner of the back of the electronic device 100. In some other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include a device body and auxiliary components that can rotate, move, or be detached relative to the device body, and the camera module 30 may also be disposed on the auxiliary components.

[0066] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include an analog-to-digital converter (also known as an A / D converter, not shown in the figure). The analog-to-digital converter is connected between the camera module 30 and the image processor 20. The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the signal generated by the camera module 30 into a digital image signal and transmit it to the image processor 20, whereby the image processor 20 processes the digital image signal and finally displays the image or video on the display screen.

[0067] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include a memory (not shown in the figure), which is communicatively connected to the image processor 20. The image processor 20 processes the digital image signal and then transmits the image to the memory so that the image can be retrieved from the storage and displayed on the screen at any time when it is needed to view the image later. In some embodiments, the image processor 20 may also compress the processed digital image signal before storing it in the memory to save memory space.

[0068] Please refer to the following: Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown illustrates the structure of the camera module 30 in some embodiments. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partially exploded view of the camera module 30 shown. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the camera module 30 cut along point AA.

[0069] In some embodiments, the camera module 30 includes a variable aperture 1, a lens 2, a motor 3, a filter 4, a holder 5, an image sensor 6, and a circuit board 7. The holder 5 is fixed to the circuit board 7, and the image sensor 6 is fixed to the circuit board 7 and located inside the holder 5. Multiple components 8 may also be fixed on the circuit board 7, arranged around the image sensor 6. The motor 3 is mounted on the holder 5 and located on the side of the image sensor 6 facing away from the circuit board 7. The lens 2 is mounted on the motor 3, and the motor 3 drives the lens 2 to move or tilt. The motor 3 can be a focusing motor and / or an optical image stabilization motor. The image sensor 6 is located on the image side of the lens 2. The filter 4 is mounted on the holder 5 and located between the lens 2 and the image sensor 6. Light can pass through the lens 2 and illuminate the imaging surface of the image sensor 6.

[0070] For example, the working principle of the camera module 30 is as follows: the light reflected from the subject passes through the lens 2 to generate an optical image and is projected onto the imaging surface of the image sensor 6. The image sensor 6 converts the optical image into an electrical signal, i.e., an analog image signal, and transmits it to the analog-to-digital converter, so that the analog-to-digital converter can convert it into a digital image signal and send it to the image processor 20.

[0071] The image sensor 6 (also known as a photosensitive element) is a semiconductor chip containing hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface. When illuminated, these photodiodes generate electrical charges. The image sensor 6 can be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device. CCDs are made using a highly sensitive semiconductor material that converts light into electrical charges. They consist of many photosensitive units, typically measured in megapixels. When light illuminates the surface of a CCD, each photosensitive unit reflects a charge onto the component. The signals generated by all the photosensitive units are combined to form a complete image. CMOS devices primarily utilize semiconductors made of silicon and germanium, allowing N-type (negative) and P-type (positive) semiconductors to coexist. The current generated by these complementary effects can be recorded and interpreted by the processing chip as an image.

[0072] Lens 2 affects image quality and imaging effect. It mainly uses the refraction principle of the lens to form an image, that is, the light of the scene passes through lens 2 and forms a clear image on the focal plane, and the image of the scene is recorded by image sensor 6 located on the focal plane.

[0073] The filter 4 is used to eliminate unwanted light projected onto the image sensor 6, preventing the image sensor 6 from producing false colors or ripples, thereby improving its effective resolution and color reproduction. For example, the filter 4 can be, but is not limited to, a blue glass filter. For instance, the filter 4 can also be a reflective infrared filter or a dual-pass filter. A dual-pass filter allows visible light and infrared light from ambient light to pass through simultaneously, or allows visible light from ambient light to pass through simultaneously with other specific wavelengths of light (e.g., ultraviolet light), or allows infrared light to pass through simultaneously with other specific wavelengths of light (e.g., ultraviolet light).

[0074] In some embodiments, the variable aperture 1 is fixed to the lens 2. The variable aperture 1 has an aperture hole 11, the diameter of which is adjustable, and the aperture hole 11 is located on the light transmission path of the lens 2. The light transmission path of the lens 2 is a path that allows light to pass through. For example, the aperture hole 11 of the variable aperture 1 can be located on the light-incident side of the lens 2, and external light enters the lens 2 after passing through the aperture hole 11 of the variable aperture 1. By changing the aperture hole 11 of the variable aperture 1, the illumination intensity of the incident light entering the image sensor 6 through the lens 2 can be adjusted, thereby greatly improving the imaging quality of the camera module 30.

[0075] The variable aperture 1 can be used to increase or decrease the amount of light entering the lens 2. For example, when the electronic device 100 is shooting in low light conditions, the aperture opening 11 of the variable aperture 1 can be increased, thus increasing the amount of light entering the lens 2. When the electronic device 100 is shooting in bright light conditions, the aperture opening 11 of the variable aperture 1 can be decreased, thus decreasing the amount of light entering the lens 2.

[0076] In some other embodiments, the camera module 30 may not include the motor 3, and the lens 2 may be fixed on the base 5.

[0077] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial exploded view of the variable aperture 1.

[0078] In some embodiments, the variable aperture 1 may include a base 12, a fixed plate 13, a turntable 14, multiple blades 15, a first SMA (shape memory alloy) wire 16, a second SMA wire 17, a first lever 18, a second lever 19, a return spring 110, a first latch 1201, a second latch 1202, a third latch 1203, a fourth latch 1204, a first magnetic element 1301, a second magnetic element 1302, multiple balls 140, a shielding disc 150, and a cover plate 160. In other embodiments, the variable aperture 1 may include more or fewer components, or some components may be combined or disassembled.

[0079] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, for example, the cover plate 160 is fixed to one side of the base 12, and other structures of the variable aperture 1 are installed between the base 12 and the cover plate 160. The cover plate 160 and the base 12 can constitute the external components of the variable aperture 1, which serve to fix and protect it. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the variable aperture 1 is described with the side where the cover plate 160 is located as the "top" and the other side as the "bottom".

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, there are six blades 15. Each blade 15 has the same shape and size. Therefore, each blade 15 can use the same reference numeral. For the sake of brevity in the accompanying drawings, Figure 5Only one of the blades 15 is labeled. In other embodiments, the number of blades 15 is not limited. The shapes and sizes of the multiple blades 15 can also be different, and the specific shapes and sizes can be flexibly set according to requirements. In this embodiment, the labeling method for the multiple balls 140 is the same as the labeling method for the multiple blades 15, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that when the number of components / structures / compositions mentioned below is multiple, the component / structure / composition can also refer to the labeling method for the multiple blades 15, and the specific details will not be repeated below.

[0081] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the base 12 shown.

[0082] In some embodiments, the base 12 includes a base plate 121, an inner annular wall 122, and an outer annular wall 123, and the base 12 has a through hole 124. The base plate 121 is annular, for example, circular, and is disposed around the through hole 124. The base plate 121 includes an inner peripheral edge and an outer peripheral edge disposed opposite to each other, and the outer peripheral edge of the base plate 121 is disposed around the inner peripheral edge of the base plate 121. The inner annular wall 122 is fixed to the inner peripheral edge of the base plate 121 and is disposed around the through hole 124. The outer annular wall 123 is fixed to the outer peripheral edge of the base plate 121 and surrounds the inner annular wall 122. The outer annular wall 123 and the inner annular wall 122 are disposed opposite to each other and form an accommodating space 125 between them.

[0083] The base plate 121 may have a first through hole 1211 and a second through hole 1212 spaced apart, both of which communicate with the accommodating space 125. The base plate 121 has a top surface 1213 facing the accommodating space 125. The base 12 may also include a first fixing part 126, a second fixing part 127, and a plurality of connecting parts 128 protruding from the top surface 1213 of the base plate 121. The first fixing part 126 and the second fixing part 127 may each include a base and a fixing post. The base is fixed to the top surface 1213 of the base plate 121, and the fixing post is fixed to the top surface of the base. The plurality of connecting parts 128 are arranged around the first through hole 1211. Each connecting part 128 has a groove 1281, the opening of which is located on the top surface of the connecting part 128. The groove 1281 may be a hemispherical space, a bowl-shaped space, or a space of other shapes. The base 12 may further include a first annular boss 1291 and a second annular boss 1292 protruding from the top surface 1213 of the base plate 121. The first annular boss 1291 is arranged around the first through hole 1211, and the second annular boss 1292 is arranged around the second through hole 1212. The connecting portion 128 located between the first through hole 1211 and the second through hole 1212 among the plurality of connecting portions 128 also has a positioning ring 1282. The positioning ring 1282 is located at the top of the connecting portion 128 and can be arranged around the groove 1281.

[0084] The inner ring wall 122 may have a first notch 1221 and a second notch 1222 spaced apart from the first notch 1221. Both the first notch 1221 and the second notch 1222 communicate with the accommodating space 125. The inner ring wall 122 may also include a plurality of positioning blocks 1223 protruding from its top surface, the plurality of positioning blocks 1223 being arranged around the through hole 124 and spaced apart from each other.

[0085] The base 12 can be a one-piece structural component. In some other embodiments, the base 12 can also be a structure formed by assembling multiple structural components into a single unit; this application does not strictly limit this aspect.

[0086] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the first lever 18.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first lever 18 includes a rotating portion 181, a first connecting portion 182, and a second connecting portion 183. For example, the first lever 18 may also include a lever body 184, which includes a top surface 1841 and a bottom surface 1842 disposed opposite to each other. The rotating portion 181 protrudes from the bottom surface 1842 of the lever body 184 and may include a rotating column. The first connecting portion 182 protrudes from the top surface 1841 of the lever body 184 and may include a support platform and a connecting column protruding from the top surface of the support platform. The second connecting portion 183 may be formed on the side surface 1843 of the lever body 184, which is located between the top surface 1841 and the bottom surface 1842 of the lever body 184. For example, the second connecting portion 183 may be a gear structure.

[0088] For example, the distance between the first connecting portion 182 and the rotating portion 181 is smaller than the distance between the second connecting portion 183 and the rotating portion 181. The first connecting portion 182 and the second connecting portion 183 may be located on opposite sides of the rotating portion 181. The distance between the first connecting portion 182 and the rotating portion 181 refers to the distance between the center of the first connecting portion 182 and the center of rotation of the rotating portion 181 on a plane perpendicular to the center line of rotation of the rotating portion 181; the distance between the second connecting portion 183 and the rotating portion 181 refers to the distance between the center of the second connecting portion 183 and the center of rotation of the rotating portion 181 on a plane perpendicular to the center line of rotation of the rotating portion 181.

[0089] For example, the main body 184 of the lever can be roughly fan-shaped, the first connecting part 182 can be fixed at or near the center of the main body 184, the second connecting part 183 can be fixed on the outer arc surface (i.e., side 1843) of the main body 184, and the rotating part 181 is fixed between the center of the main body 184 and the outer arc surface.

[0090] The second lever 19 can adopt the same structure as the first lever 18 to simplify the types of materials and reduce design difficulty and cost. The structure of the second lever 19 will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0091] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of part of the structure of the variable aperture 1 shown.

[0092] In some embodiments, the two ends of the first SMA line 16 are connected to the first claw 1201 and the second claw 1202, respectively, and the two ends of the second SMA line 17 are connected to the third claw 1203 and the fourth claw 1204, respectively. The two ends of the return spring 110 are connected to the second claw 1202 and the fourth claw 1204, respectively. The return spring 110, the second claw 1202, and the fourth claw 1204 can be integrally formed. A ring 1101 can be formed in the middle of the return spring 110, and a bent connecting section can be formed between the middle and the ends of the return spring 110.

[0093] Please refer to the following: Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of part of the variable aperture 1 shown. Figure 1 , Figure 10 yes Figure 9 The diagram shows a cross-section of the structure shown along point BB.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first lever 18 is mounted on and rotatably connected to the base 12. The rotating portion 181 of the first lever 18 can be mounted in the first through hole 1211 of the base plate 121 of the base 12 for rotatable connection. The lever body 184 of the first lever 18 abuts against the first annular boss 1291, resulting in a smaller contact area between the first lever 18 and the base 12, which helps reduce friction when the first lever 18 rotates relative to the base 12.

[0095] Among them, such as Figure 10 As shown, since the rotating part 181 of the first lever 18 is located between the first connecting part 182 and the second connecting part 183, when one of the first connecting part 182 and the second connecting part 183 is subjected to force and rotates around the rotating part 181, the other also rotates around the rotating part 181.

[0096] Similarly, the second lever 19 is mounted on the base 12 and rotatably connected to the base 12. The connection structure between the second lever 19 and the base 12 can be referred to the connection structure between the first lever 18 and the base 12, and will not be described again here.

[0097] Among them, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first claw 1201 is mounted on the first fixing part 126 of the base 12 so that one end of the first SMA line 16 is connected to the base 12. The second claw 1202 is connected to the first connecting part 182 of the first lever 18 so that the other end of the first SMA line 16 is connected to the first connecting part 182.

[0098] Among them, such as Figure 9As shown, the central ring 1101 of the return spring 110 can be fitted onto the outer side of the positioning ring 1282, so that the return spring 110 is connected to the base 12. Since one end of the return spring 110 is connected to the first claw 1201, and the first claw 1201 is connected to the first connecting part 182, the return spring 110 connects the first connecting part 182 and the base 12. (See also...) Figure 9 and Figure 10 When the first SMA line 16 is energized and retracts, it causes the first connecting part 182 to rotate clockwise around the rotating part 181, thereby causing the second connecting part 183 to rotate clockwise around the rotating part 181. The first lever 18 rotates clockwise relative to the base 12, and the return spring 110 is stretched. When the first SMA is de-energized, the elastic force of the return spring 110 causes the first lever 18 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the base 12 to achieve reset, and the first SMA line 16 is stretched.

[0099] Among them, such as Figure 9 As shown, the third claw 1203 is mounted on the second fixing part 127 of the base 12 so that one end of the second SMA line 17 is connected to the base 12. The fourth claw 1204 is connected to the second lever 19 so that the other end of the second SMA line 17 is connected to the second lever 19. The return spring 110 connects the fourth claw 1204 to the base 12. The operation of the second SMA line 17 and the second lever 19 is described in the previous section regarding the first SMA line 16 and the first lever 18.

[0100] It is understood that in this embodiment, the two ends of the return spring 110 are respectively connected to the first lever 18 and the second lever 19, and the middle part is connected to the base 12. In some other embodiments, the return spring 110 may also include two independent parts, one part connecting the first lever 18 and the base 12, and the other part connecting the second lever 19 and the base 12. This application does not strictly limit the specific structure of the return spring 110, the connection structure between the return spring 110 and the base 12, or the connection structure between the return spring 110 and the first lever 18 and the second lever 19.

[0101] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first magnetic component 1301 is fixed to the base 12 and is arranged corresponding to the first SMA line 16. For example, it can be fixed to the base plate 121 and arranged close to the first SMA line 16. The second magnetic component 1302 is fixed to the base 12 and is arranged corresponding to the second SMA line 17. For example, it can be fixed to the base plate 121 and arranged close to the second SMA line 17.

[0102] The first magnetic element 1301 and the second magnetic element 1302 can be permanent magnets, such that the first magnetic element 1301 attracts the first SMA wire 16 and the second magnetic element 1302 attracts the second SMA wire 17, to prevent the SMA wires from shifting when in a relaxed state. Alternatively, the first magnetic element 1301 and the second magnetic element 1302 can also be electromagnets, used to attract the first SMA wire 16 and / or the second SMA wire 17 during certain periods under the control of an electrical signal, and not attract the first SMA wire 16 and / or the second SMA wire 17 during other periods.

[0103] Among them, such as Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, multiple balls 140 are respectively installed in the grooves 1281 of multiple connecting parts 128 of the base 12.

[0104] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable 14 shown.

[0105] In some embodiments, the turntable 14 includes a disc body 141 and a first mating portion 142 and a second mating portion 143 fixed to one side of the disc body 141. The disc body 141 is annular and has an inner through hole 144. The first mating portion 142 and the second mating portion 143 are spaced apart. The first mating portion 142 may form a gear structure, and the second mating portion 143 may form a gear structure.

[0106] The turntable 14 may further include multiple guide portions 145 fixed to one side of the disc body 141, with the multiple guide portions 145 and the first mating portion 142 located on the same side of the disc body 141. Each guide portion 145 includes a guide groove 1451, the extension trajectory of which can be arc-shaped, and the centers of the extension trajectories of the guide grooves 1451 of the multiple guide portions 145 coincide. The cross-sectional shape of the guide groove 1451 can be arc-shaped, bowl-shaped, trapezoidal, or U-shaped, etc.

[0107] Please refer to the following: Figure 9 , Figure 11 as well as Figure 12 , Figure 12 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of part of the variable aperture 1 shown. Figure 2 .

[0108] In some embodiments, the turntable 14 is mounted on and rotatably connected to the base 12. The inner through-hole 144 of the turntable 14 is opposite to the through-hole 124 of the base 12. The disc body 141 of the turntable 14 is opposite to the base plate 121 of the base 12, and multiple balls 140 correspond one-to-one with multiple guide portions 145, with each ball 140 partially located in the guide groove 1451 of its corresponding guide portion 145. In this case, the turntable 14 and the base 12 are connected by a ball bearing slide rail, allowing the turntable 14 to rotate relative to the base 12. In other embodiments, the ball bearing slide rail may have a structure different from the aforementioned embodiments, and this application does not strictly limit this. In other embodiments, the turntable 14 and the base 12 may also be rotatably connected by other structures, and this application does not strictly limit this.

[0109] Please refer to the following: Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shown structure. Wherein, Figure 13 Relative perspective Figure 12 The perspective has been flipped.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first mating portion 142 of the turntable 14 is located at the first notch 1221 of the base 12. The first mating portion 142 engages with the second connecting portion 183 of the first lever 18, so that the turntable 14 is rotatably connected to the second connecting portion 183. Exemplarily, the gear structure of the second connecting portion 183 meshes with the gear structure of the first mating portion 142 of the turntable 14, that is, the second connecting portion 183 meshes with the turntable 14, causing the first lever 18 to move in conjunction with the turntable 14. In other embodiments, the second connecting portion 183 and the turntable 14 can also be linked by an interference fit. The second mating portion 143 of the turntable 14 is located at the second notch 1222 of the base 12. The second mating portion 143 engages with the second lever 19, and the second mating portion 143 moves in conjunction with the second lever 19.

[0111] In this embodiment, the first lever 18 is linked to the turntable 14, the first SMA line 16 is connected to the turntable 14 via the first lever 18, the second lever 19 is linked to the turntable 14, and the second SMA line 17 is connected to the turntable 14 via the second lever 19. Therefore, both the first SMA line 16 and the second SMA line 17 are connected to the base 12 at one end and to the turntable 14 at the other end. For example, when the first SMA line 16 retracts, it drives the first turntable to rotate, the first lever 18 causes the turntable 14 to rotate relative to the base 12, the second lever 19 is driven to rotate by the turntable 14, and the second SMA line 17 is stretched. Similarly, when the second SMA line 17 retracts, the turntable 14 is driven to rotate in the other direction, and the first SMA line 16 is stretched.

[0112] In addition, the first mating part 142 and the second mating part 143 of the turntable 14 are arranged using the notches (1221, 1222) of the base 12, thereby sharing space with the base 12, improving the space utilization of the variable aperture 1, and facilitating the miniaturization of the variable aperture 1.

[0113] Please refer to the following: Figure 12 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 , Figure 14 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of part of the variable aperture 1 shown. Figure 3 , Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure cut along point CC.

[0114] In some embodiments, the fixed plate 13 is mounted on and fixedly connected to the base 12. The fixed plate 13 may be located within the inner through-hole 144 of the turntable 14, meaning the turntable 14 surrounds the fixed plate 13. The fixed plate 13 is annular, and its inner through-hole 131 is opposite to the through-hole 124 of the base 12, allowing light to enter the through-hole 124 of the base 12 through the inner through-hole 131 of the fixed plate 13. Exemplarily, the inner through-hole 131 of the fixed plate 13 and the through-hole 124 of the base 12 may be coaxially arranged. Multiple positioning blocks 1223 of the base 12 may be embedded in the fixed plate 13 to limit its position circumferentially around the through-hole 124.

[0115] The fixed plate 13 is fixed to the inner ring wall 122 of the base 12 on the side facing away from the base plate 121. The fixed plate 13 covers the first notch 1221 and the second notch 1222, so that the first mating part 142 and the second mating part 143 of the turntable 14 are limited between the fixed plate 13 and the base plate 121 of the base 12, and the turntable 14 can rotate stably between the fixed plate 13 and the base 12.

[0116] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, the fixed plate 13 includes a plurality of first fixed posts 132, which are arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The turntable 14 includes a plurality of second fixed posts 146, which are also arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The number of second fixed posts 146 is the same as the number of first fixed posts 132, and each of the second fixed posts 146 corresponds to one of the first fixed posts 132.

[0117] Please refer to the following: Figure 14 and Figure 16 , Figure 16 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of part of the variable aperture 1 shown. Figure 4 .

[0118] In some embodiments, the light-shielding disc 150 is fixed to the fixed plate 13, and the light-shielding disc 150 is located on the side of the fixed plate 13 facing away from the inner annular wall 122 of the base 12. The light-shielding disc 150 is annular, and the inner through hole 1501 of the light-shielding disc 150 is opposite to the inner through hole 131 of the fixed plate 13. The diameter of the inner through hole 1501 of the light-shielding disc 150 is smaller than the diameter of the inner through hole 131 of the fixed plate 13. A plurality of first fixing posts 132 of the fixed plate 13 pass through the light-shielding disc 150 and protrude relative to the top surface of the light-shielding disc 150.

[0119] In some embodiments, the variable aperture 1 may also include a plurality of spacers 170, the number of spacers 170 being less than the number of second fixing posts 146, and the plurality of spacers 170 being fitted onto a portion of the second fixing posts 146.

[0120] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 and Figure 17 , Figure 17 yes Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the blade 15 shown.

[0121] In some embodiments, the variable aperture 1 has five to ten blades 15, such as the six blades in this embodiment. Each blade 15 includes a first end 15a and a second end 15b, with the second end 15b facing away from the first end 15a. The first end 15a includes a rotating hole 151 and a guide hole 152 spaced apart. The rotating hole 151 is a circular hole. The guide hole 152 is a strip-shaped hole, and its extension trajectory can be a straight line, an arc, or other curves. The second end 15b includes a first edge 153, which is located on the same side as the rotating hole 151. The shape of the first edge 153 can be a straight line, an arc, a combination of straight lines and arcs, a combination of straight lines and straight lines, or a combination of arcs and arcs. The second end 15b may also include a second edge 154, which is located facing away from the first edge 153 and on the same side as the guide hole 152. The second edge 154 may be recessed to form an avoidance notch 155.

[0122] Please see Figure 18 , Figure 18 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of part of the variable aperture 1 shown. Figure 5 .

[0123] In some embodiments, multiple blades 15 are located on the same side of the fixed plate 13 and the turntable 14. The multiple blades 15 are arranged in a ring and enclose an aperture 11, which is opposite to the through hole 124. The first edge 153 of each blade 15 is part of the wall of the aperture 11. For example, when the first edge 153 is a curved edge, the aperture 11 can be a circular hole. In other embodiments, when the first edge 153 is a straight edge, the aperture 11 can be a polygonal hole.

[0124] Each blade 15 is rotatably connected to a fixed plate 13 and slidably connected to a turntable 14. A first fixing post 132 of the fixed plate 13 is inserted into the rotation hole 151 of the blade 15, allowing the blade 15 to rotate relative to the fixed plate 13. A second fixing post 146 of the turntable 14 is inserted into the guide hole 152 of the blade 15 and can slide within the guide hole 152, allowing the blade 15 to slide relative to the turntable 14. The same blade 15 is connected to a corresponding first fixing post 132 and second fixing post 146. When the turntable 14 rotates relative to the fixed plate 13, the second fixing post 146 slides within the guide hole 152, causing the blade 15 to rotate around the first fixing post 132 relative to the fixed plate 13. Multiple blades 15 closing together causes the aperture 11 to shrink or opening, thus enlarging the aperture 11.

[0125] Multiple blades 15 can be stacked in two layers. The blades 15 stacked at the bottom layer can contact the turntable 14 and the fixed plate 13, while the blades 15 stacked at the top layer can contact the gasket 170 (e.g., ...). Figure 16 (as shown) and the blades 15 stacked on the bottom layer, which are raised by the pads 170 and the blades 15 stacked on the bottom layer.

[0126] Among them, the clearance notch 155 of the blade 15 is used to avoid the first fixing post 132 of the adjacent plate 13.

[0127] Please refer to the following: Figure 19 and Figure 20 , Figure 19 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structural representation of the variable aperture 1 in one usage state. Figure 1 , Figure 20 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structural representation of the variable aperture 1 in one usage state. Figure 2 .in, Figure 20 The current state and Figure 19 The corresponding state.

[0128] In this embodiment, one end of the first SMA line 16 is connected to the base 12, and the other end of the first SMA line 16 is connected to the turntable 14 via the first dial 18. One end of the second SMA line 17 is connected to the base 12, and the other end of the second SMA line 17 is connected to the turntable 14 via the second dial 19.

[0129] In one usage state, the first SMA line 16 is used to retract when energized. When the first SMA line 16 retracts, it drives the first connecting part 182 of the first dial 18 to rotate clockwise around the rotating part 181, causing the second connecting part 183 to rotate clockwise around the rotating part 181, and the dial 14 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the fixed plate 13. That is, when the first SMA line 16 retracts, it drives the dial 14 to rotate counterclockwise. Each blade 15 rotates counterclockwise relative to the fixed plate 13 to achieve centripetal movement, and slides relative to the dial 14. Multiple blades 15 close together, and the aperture of the aperture 11 shrinks. After the first SMA line 16 is de-energized, the reset spring 110 drives the first dial 18 to rotate counterclockwise, the first SMA line 16 is stretched to its initial length, the first dial 18 drives the dial 14 to rotate clockwise to its initial position, and multiple blades 15 reset.

[0130] Understandably, in another usage state, the second SMA line 17 is used to retract when energized. When the second SMA line 17 retracts, it drives the second dial 19 to rotate counterclockwise. The second dial 19 then drives the turntable 14 to rotate clockwise relative to the fixed plate 13. That is, when the second SMA line 17 retracts, it drives the turntable 14 to rotate clockwise. Each blade 15 rotates clockwise relative to the fixed plate 13, achieving centrifugal motion, and slides relative to the turntable 14. Multiple blades 15 open, and the aperture of the aperture 11 expands. After the second SMA line 17 is de-energized, the return spring 110 drives the second dial 19 to rotate clockwise, and the second SMA line 17 is stretched to its initial length. The second dial 19 then drives the turntable 14 to rotate counterclockwise to its initial position, and multiple blades 15 return to their original positions.

[0131] In short, the first SMA line 16 or the second SMA line 17 is used to retract when energized to drive the turntable 14 to rotate relative to the fixed plate 13. Each blade 15 rotates relative to the fixed plate 13 and slides relative to the turntable 14, and the aperture of the aperture 11 changes. The direction in which the first SMA line 16 retracts and drives the turntable 14 to rotate is opposite to the direction in which the second SMA line 17 retracts and drives the turntable 14 to rotate.

[0132] In this embodiment, the variable aperture 1 drives the turntable 14 to rotate relative to the fixed plate 13 via the first SMA line 16 or the second SMA line 17, causing multiple blades 15 to close or open, thus changing the aperture diameter 11. Compared to a traditional voice coil motor, the drive mechanism of the variable aperture 1 is less susceptible to electromagnetic interference, resulting in higher aperture diameter adjustment accuracy and better reliability. Therefore, the camera module 30 using the variable aperture 1 exhibits higher image quality.

[0133] Furthermore, because the drive mechanism using SMA line drive has small component size and compact arrangement, the variable aperture 1 can save space in the length and width directions compared to the traditional voice coil motor, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the variable aperture 1. The length and width directions are perpendicular to each other and both perpendicular to the center line of the aperture hole 11.

[0134] In addition, since the variable aperture 1 is equipped with a reset spring 110, the reset spring 110 can reset the blade 15 after power failure. Therefore, the variable aperture 1 does not need to be powered on, which can save power consumption and make the power consumption of the variable aperture 1 relatively small.

[0135] Understandably, the aperture of a conventional variable aperture using a voice coil motor is limited by the upper limit of the magnetic force of the magnet and coil, meaning the aperture range of a conventional variable aperture is limited. However, in this application, the variable aperture 1 is driven by either the first SMA line 16 or the second SMA line 17, so the aperture diameter variation range of the variable aperture 11 is not affected by the magnetic force of the magnet and coil. Furthermore, since the distance between the first connecting portion 182 and the rotating portion 181 of the first lever 18 is smaller than the distance between the second connecting portion 183 and the rotating portion 181, the first lever 18 can achieve a larger stroke. When the retracted length of the first SMA line 16 is small, the first lever 18 can rotate the turntable 14 relative to the fixed plate 13 by a larger angle, resulting in a larger rotation angle of the blade 15 and a larger aperture diameter variation in the aperture 11. The second lever 19 can also amplify the travel, making the aperture hole 11 of the variable aperture 1 change a larger range, which is beneficial to improving the shooting quality of the camera module 30 using the variable aperture 1 and enriching the shooting scenarios.

[0136] In other embodiments, by changing the connection structure between the first SMA line 16 and the turntable 14, and the connection structure between the second SMA line 17 and the turntable 14, the first SMA line 16 can be made to rotate the turntable 14 clockwise when it contracts, and the second SMA line 17 can be made to rotate the turntable 14 counterclockwise when it contracts.

[0137] In some other embodiments, the distance between the first connecting portion 182 and the rotating portion 181 may be equal to or greater than the distance between the second connecting portion 183 and the rotating portion 181. In some other embodiments, the first connecting portion 182 and the second connecting portion 183 may also be located on the same side of the rotating portion 181, and this application embodiment does not strictly limit this.

[0138] In some other embodiments, when the direction of rotation of the turntable 14 caused by the contraction of the first SMA line 16 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the turntable 14 caused by the contraction of the second SMA line 17, the first SMA line 16 and the second SMA line 17 can also be connected to the turntable 14 in other ways, including direct connection and indirect connection. This application does not impose strict limitations on this.

[0139] In other embodiments, the structure, position and connection relationship of the return spring 110 may also be different from the previous embodiments. For example, the return spring 110 may also connect the base 12 and the turntable 14, so that after the turntable 14 rotates relative to the fixed plate 13, it can return to the initial position under the elastic force of the return spring 110. This application does not strictly limit this.

[0140] Please refer to it again. Figure 4 In some embodiments, the lens 2 can be partially housed in the through hole 124 of the base 12 of the variable aperture 1, thereby partially embedding the variable aperture 1 and reducing the size of the camera module 30 in the thickness direction, which is beneficial for miniaturization. Alternatively, the lens 2 can be partially housed in the inner through hole 131 of the fixed plate 13 of the variable aperture 1. For example, the lens 2 can have a top surface 21 and an annular protrusion 22 protruding from the top surface 21, the annular protrusion 22 being able to retract into the inner through hole 131 of the fixed plate 13.

[0141] For example, the top surface 21 of the lens 2 can abut against the bottom surface of the fixed plate 13 facing the through hole 124, thereby limiting the lens 2 and the variable aperture 1 in the thickness direction. The lens 2 can achieve the limitation of the variable aperture 1 in the length and width directions by engaging with the inner wall of the through hole 131 of the fixed plate 13 or by engaging with the wall of the through hole 124.

[0142] Please see Figure 21 , Figure 21 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the camera module 30 in some other embodiments. The camera module 30 of this embodiment includes all or part of the features of the camera module 30 of the previous embodiments. The following mainly describes the differences between the camera module 30 of this embodiment and the camera module 30 of the previous embodiments.

[0143] In some embodiments, the periphery of the lens 2 may have a stepped surface 23, which faces the variable aperture 1. When the variable aperture 1 is fixed to the lens 2, the base 12 of the variable aperture 1 may also be fixedly connected to the stepped surface 23 to improve the connection stability between the variable aperture 1 and the lens 2.

[0144] Please see Figure 22 , Figure 22 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the camera module 30 in some embodiments. The camera module 30 of this embodiment includes all or part of the features of the camera module 30 of the previous embodiments. The following mainly describes the differences between the camera module 30 of this embodiment and the camera module 30 of the previous embodiments.

[0145] In some embodiments, the lens 2 includes a first portion 2a and a second portion 2b coaxially arranged. The first portion 2a may include a first lens barrel and a first lens group mounted on the first lens barrel, and the second portion 2b may include a second lens barrel and a second lens group mounted on the second lens barrel. The optical axis of the second lens group coincides with the optical axis of the first lens group.

[0146] The aperture opening 11 of the variable aperture 1 is located between the first portion 2a and the second portion 2b. Exemplarily, the first portion 2a can be mounted on the motor 3, the variable aperture 1 can be mounted upside down on the lens 2, that is, the cover plate 160 faces the first portion 2a, and the second portion 2b can be accommodated in the through hole 124 of the variable aperture 1. In this embodiment, the aperture opening 11 of the variable aperture 1 being located between the first portion 2a and the second portion 2b better meets the shooting requirements of the camera module 30. Exemplarily, the lens 2 can achieve zoom through the first portion 2a and the second portion 2b.

[0147] In some other embodiments, the aperture hole 11 of the variable aperture 1 may also be arranged in other positions, and this application embodiment does not strictly limit this. In some other embodiments, the lens 2 may also include more parts, and this application embodiment does not strictly limit this.

[0148] It is understood that in some other embodiments, the variable aperture 1 and the lens 2 may have other cooperative structures and positional relationships, and the embodiments of this application do not strictly limit this.

[0149] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A variable aperture (1), characterized in that, include: The base (12) has a through hole (124). A fixed plate (13) is fixedly connected to the base (12). The fixed plate (13) is annular and the inner through hole (131) of the fixed plate (13) is opposite to the through hole (124). A turntable (14) is rotatably connected to the base (12) and is arranged around the fixed plate (13); Multiple blades (15) are located on the same side of the fixed plate (13) and the turntable (14). The multiple blades (15) are arranged in a ring and surround an aperture (11). The aperture (11) is opposite to the through hole (124). Each blade (15) is rotatably connected to the fixed plate (13) and slidably connected to the turntable (14). The first SMA line (16) and the second SMA line (17) are connected at one end to the base (12) and at the other end to the turntable (14). The first SMA line (16) or the second SMA line (17) is used to retract when energized to drive the turntable (14) to rotate relative to the fixed plate (13). Each blade (15) rotates relative to the fixed plate (13) and slides relative to the turntable (14), and the aperture of the aperture hole (11) changes. The direction in which the first SMA line (16) retracts and drives the turntable (14) to rotate is opposite to the direction in which the second SMA line (17) retracts and drives the turntable (14) to rotate. The variable aperture (1) further includes a first lever (18), the first lever (18) includes a rotating part (181), a first connecting part (182) and a second connecting part (183), the rotating part (181) is rotatably connected to the base (12), the first SMA line (16) is connected to the first connecting part (182), and the turntable (14) is connected to the second connecting part (183). When the first SMA line (16) contracts, it causes the first connecting part (182) to rotate around the rotating part (181), so that the second connecting part (183) rotates around the rotating part (181) and causes the turntable (14) to rotate relative to the fixed plate (13). The variable aperture (1) also includes a second dial (19), which is rotatably connected to the base (12), and the second SMA line (17) is connected to the second dial (19). The second dial (19) is also connected to the turntable (14).

2. The variable aperture (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second connecting part (183) engages or is interference-fitted with the turntable (14).

3. The variable aperture (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first connecting part (182) and the rotating part (181) is smaller than the distance between the second connecting part (183) and the rotating part (181).

4. The variable aperture (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first connecting part (182) and the second connecting part (183) are located on both sides of the rotating part (181).

5. The variable aperture (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The variable aperture (1) also includes a reset spring (110), which connects the first connecting part (182) and the base (12).

6. The variable aperture (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base (12) includes a base plate (121) and an inner ring wall (122). The base plate (121) is annular and surrounds the through hole (124). The inner ring wall (122) is fixed to the inner periphery of the base plate (121). The inner ring wall (122) is provided with a first notch (1221). The turntable (14) includes a disc body (141) and a first mating part (142) fixed to one side of the disc body (141). The disc body (141) is disposed opposite to the base plate (121). The first mating part (142) is located in the first notch (1221) and is mated with the second connecting part (183).

7. The variable aperture (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed plate (13) is fixed to the inner ring wall (122) on the side facing away from the bottom plate (121), and the fixed plate (13) covers the first notch (1221).

8. The variable aperture (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The variable aperture (1) further includes a first magnetic element (1301) and a second magnetic element (1302). The first magnetic element (1301) is fixed to the base (12) and is set corresponding to the first SMA line (16). The second magnetic element (1302) is fixed to the base (12) and is set corresponding to the second SMA line (17).

9. The variable aperture (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Each blade (15) includes a first end (15a) and a second end (15b). The first end (15a) includes a rotating hole (151) and a guide hole (152) spaced apart. The second end (15b) includes a first edge (153) which is disposed on the same side as the rotating hole (151) and is part of the hole wall of the aperture hole (11). The fixed plate (13) includes a first fixed post (132), which is inserted into the rotating hole (151). The turntable (14) includes a second fixing post (146), which is inserted into the guide hole (152) and can slide in the guide hole (152).

10. The variable aperture (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The turntable (14) and the base (12) are connected by a ball bearing slide rail.

11. The variable aperture (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable aperture (1) also includes a reset spring (110), which connects the base (12) and the turntable (14).

12. A camera module (30), characterized in that, Includes a lens (2) and a variable aperture (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the variable aperture (1) is fixed to the lens (2) and the aperture hole (11) of the variable aperture (1) is located on the light transmission path of the lens (2).

13. The camera module (30) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The aperture (11) is located on the light-incident side of the lens (2); or, The lens (2) includes a first part (2a) and a second part (2b) arranged coaxially, and the aperture (11) is located between the first part (2a) and the second part (2b).

14. An electronic device (100), characterized in that, Includes an image processor (20) and a camera module (30) as described in claim 12 or 13, wherein the image processor (20) is communicatively connected to the camera module (30), and the image processor (20) is used to acquire image data from the camera module (30) and process the image data.

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