Base station antenna and base station

Abstract

The application provides a base station antenna and a base station, and relates to the technical field of antennas.The base station antenna comprises a first feeding line, a second feeding line, a first transmission line, a second transmission line and a radiator.The first end of a first radiating arm and the first end of a second radiating arm are electrically connected by a first wire.The first end of a third radiating arm and the first end of a fourth radiating arm are electrically connected by a second wire.The second end of the first radiating arm and the second end of the third radiating arm are electrically connected by a third wire.The second end of the second radiating arm and the second end of the fourth radiating arm are electrically connected by a fourth wire.One of the feeding end and the grounding end of the first feeding line is electrically connected with the first wire, and the other is electrically connected with the second wire.One of the feeding end and the grounding end of the second feeding line is electrically connected with the third wire, and the other is electrically connected with the fourth wire.The base station antenna of the application adopts two feeding lines to feed four radiating arms, and the structure of the base station antenna is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a base station antenna and a base station including the base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of wireless networks, base station antennas have evolved to meet the demands of wireless network development. The market has generated enormous demand for broadband communication base station antennas, requiring them to be compatible with as many communication standards as possible.

[0003] To reduce the number of antennas required for a single directional base station, two antennas with orthogonal polarization directions (+45° and -45°) are typically combined into a dual-polarized antenna. For example, a conventional dual-polarized antenna includes four separately positioned radiators. These four radiators roughly form a cube structure, with the ends of adjacent radiators spaced apart. Each end of an adjacent radiator requires a feed wire. Therefore, the feed network of this conventional dual-polarized antenna requires a large number of feed wires, resulting in a complex structure and thus a complex overall design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a base station antenna and a base station with a simple structure.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a base station antenna. The base station antenna includes a feed network, a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a radiator. The first transmission line and the second transmission line are spaced apart and intersecting. The first transmission line includes a first conductor and a second conductor arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The second transmission line includes a third conductor and a fourth conductor arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0006] The radiator includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm, and a fourth radiating arm. The first end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the first conductor. The second end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the third conductor. The first end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor. The second end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth conductor. The first end of the third radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the second conductor. The second end of the third radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the third conductor. The first end of the fourth radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor. The second end of the fourth radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth conductor.

[0007] The power supply network includes a first feeder line and a second feeder line. One of the feeder end and the grounding end of the first feeder line is electrically connected to a first conductor and the other is electrically connected to a second conductor. One of the feeder end and the grounding end of the second feeder line is electrically connected to a third conductor and the other is electrically connected to a fourth conductor.

[0008] In this embodiment, the first end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the second radiating arm via a first wire, the first end of the third radiating arm is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth radiating arm via a second wire, the second end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the third radiating arm via a third wire, and the second end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth radiating arm via a fourth wire. Thus, the first transmission line, the second transmission line, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm can form a single unit. Furthermore, one of the feed terminals and the ground terminal of the first feed line is electrically connected to the first wire, and the other is electrically connected to the second wire. This allows the first feed line to power the first, second, third, and fourth radiating arms, thereby exciting two dipoles in each of them. Specifically, one dipole is excited by the first and third radiating arms, and the other dipole is excited by the second and fourth radiating arms. In this way, the base station antenna can achieve the effect of a two-element array antenna. Furthermore, by electrically connecting one of the feed terminals and the ground terminal of the second feed line to the third conductor and the other to the fourth conductor, the second feed line powers the first, second, third, and fourth radiating arms, thereby exciting two additional dipoles from each of these arms. Specifically, one dipole is excited by the first and second radiating arms, and the other dipole is excited by the third and fourth radiating arms. This allows the base station antenna to achieve the effect of another two-element array antenna. Simultaneously, with the first and second feed lines powering them, the first, second, third, and fourth radiating arms can exhibit two polarizations, meaning the base station antenna of this embodiment can achieve a dual-polarization design. Dual-polarized antennas can operate in full-duplex mode, therefore the base station antenna of this embodiment can cover more frequency bands, facilitating applications in "interspersed" scenarios (i.e., multi-band scenarios).

[0009] In this embodiment, feeding the radiator with a single feed line (e.g., a first feed line or a second feed line) enables the base station antenna to function as a two-element array antenna. Alternatively, feeding the radiator with two feed lines (e.g., a first feed line and a second feed line) allows the base station antenna to achieve a dual-polarization design. The base station antenna in this embodiment has a simple structure and requires less cost.

[0010] It should be understood that, compared to traditional dual-polarized antennas, the base station antenna of this embodiment has a lower horizontal beamwidth and better antenna gain.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the angle between the first radiating arm and the first wire toward the second radiating arm is a first angle a1, which satisfies: 0°<a1≤90°.

[0012] It is understandable that by setting 0°<a1≤90°, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, and the first conductor can be arranged more compactly, thereby reducing the space occupied by the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, and the first conductor, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the base station antenna.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first angle a1 satisfies: 0°<a1≤45°.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the angle between the first radiating arm and the third wire toward the second radiating arm is a second angle a2, which satisfies: 0°<a2≤90°.

[0015] It is understandable that by setting 0°<a2≤90°, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, and the third conductor can be arranged more compactly, thereby reducing the space occupied by the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, and the third conductor, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the base station antenna.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the second angle a2 satisfies: 0°<a2≤45°.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the arrangement of the second radiating arm with the first and fourth conductors, the arrangement of the third radiating arm with the second and third conductors, and the arrangement of the fourth radiating arm with the second and fourth conductors can all refer to the arrangement of the first radiating arm with the first and third conductors.

[0018] In one possible implementation, one of the feed terminal and the ground terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the middle of the first conductor, and the other is electrically connected to the middle of the second conductor. In other words, when the feed terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the middle of the first conductor, the ground terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the middle of the second conductor. Conversely, when the feed terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the middle of the second conductor, the ground terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the middle of the first conductor. The following description uses the example of the feed terminal of the first feeder line being electrically connected to the middle of the first conductor and the ground terminal of the first feeder line being electrically connected to the middle of the second conductor.

[0019] It is understandable that the distance from the electrical connection point of the first feeder wire and the first conductor to the first end of the first conductor is the first distance. The distance from the electrical connection point of the first feeder wire and the first conductor to the second end of the first conductor is the second distance. By electrically connecting the feed end of the first feeder wire to the middle of the first conductor, the first distance and the second distance can be made much closer, which helps to improve the symmetry of the base station antenna.

[0020] Similarly, the symmetry of the base station antenna can be improved by electrically connecting the grounding end of the first feed line to the middle of the second conductor.

[0021] In one possible implementation, both the first and second feeder lines comprise coaxial cables, microstrip lines, or balun transmission lines.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the base station antenna includes a dielectric layer, which includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm, a fourth radiating arm, a first conductor, and a second conductor are all located on the first surface.

[0023] It is understood that by placing the first radiating arm, second radiating arm, third radiating arm, fourth radiating arm, first conductor, and second conductor all on the first surface, they can be on the same plane. The first transmission line and radiator can have a generally planar structure. Thus, compared to a three-dimensional first transmission line and radiator, the structure of the first transmission line and radiator in this embodiment is simpler and occupies less space.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the third conductor includes a first part, a second part, a third part, a fourth part, and a fifth part connected in sequence. The end of the first part away from the second part is the first end of the third conductor, and the end of the fifth part away from the fourth part is the second end of the third conductor. The first part and the fifth part are both located on the first surface, the second part and the fourth part are both located between the first surface and the second surface, and the third part is located on the second surface.

[0025] The second feeder is located on the side of the second face away from the first face, and the feeder end or the grounding end of the second feeder is electrically connected to the third part.

[0026] It is understandable that by placing the first and fifth portions of the third conductor on the first surface, a portion of the third conductor can be on the same plane as the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm, the first conductor, and the second conductor. A portion of the third conductor can also be roughly planar with the first transmission line and the radiator. Thus, compared to a three-dimensional structure of the third conductor, the first transmission line, and the radiator, the structure of the third conductor, the first transmission line, and the radiator in this embodiment is simpler and occupies less space.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the dielectric layer has through-holes that penetrate the first and second surfaces.

[0028] The feeding end and grounding end of the first feeder wire pass through a through hole from the side of the second surface away from the first surface. One of the feeding end and the grounding end of the first feeder wire is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the other is electrically connected to the second conductor. The description will take the example where the feeding end of the first feeder wire is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the grounding end of the first feeder wire is electrically connected to the second conductor.

[0029] Understandably, compared to the scheme where the feed end of the first feed line originates from the side of the second surface furthest from the first surface, passes around the dielectric layer and the radiator, and is electrically connected to the first conductor, this embodiment, by providing a through-hole in the dielectric layer, allows the feed end of the first feed line to pass through the through-hole from the side of the second surface furthest from the first surface and be electrically connected to the first conductor. In this way, the first feed line is less likely to interfere with the radiator.

[0030] Similarly, when the grounding end of the first feeder wire passes through the through hole from the side of the second surface away from the first surface and is electrically connected to the second conductor, the grounding end of the first feeder wire is also less likely to interfere with the radiator.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the first radiating arm is a single-piece structural component. This simplifies the structure of the first radiating arm.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the second, third, and fourth radiating arms are each integrally formed structural components.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the base station antenna includes a dielectric layer, which includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; the first radiating arm includes a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment, the first radiating segment includes a first end and a second end, the second radiating segment includes a first end and a second end, the first end of the first radiating segment is the first end of the first radiating arm, and the second end of the second radiating segment is the second end of the first radiating arm.

[0034] The first radiating segment is located on the first surface, and the second radiating segment is located on the second surface. The second end of the first radiating segment is coupled to the first end of the second radiating segment.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the dielectric layer (i.e., the distance between the first and second surfaces of the dielectric layer) is in the range of 0 to 0.1λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the base station antenna. This results in stronger coupling between the second end of the first radiating segment and the first end of the second radiating segment.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the first conductor is located on the first surface, and the first radiating segment and the first conductor are integrally formed structural components. This reduces the number of production steps for the first radiating segment and the first conductor, thereby reducing the cost of the base station antenna.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the first, second, third, and fourth radiating arms are centrally symmetrical. This improves the symmetry of the base station antenna.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the base station antenna includes a reflector, with a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a radiator all located on one side of the reflector.

[0039] Understandably, a reflector can reflect and focus the received signal onto the receiving point. The radiator is usually placed on one side of the reflector, which not only greatly enhances the signal reception or transmission capability, but also blocks and shields interference signals from the back of the reflector (in this application, the back of the reflector refers to the side opposite to where the radiator is placed on the reflector).

[0040] In one possible implementation, the base station antenna includes an radome, with the feed network, first transmission line, second transmission line, and radiator all located inside the radome. It is understood that the radome protects the feed network, first transmission line, second transmission line, and radiator.

[0041] Secondly, this application provides a base station. The base station includes a radio frequency processing unit and the base station antenna described in the first aspect. The radio frequency processing unit is electrically connected to the base station antenna.

[0042] It is understood that the base station antenna in this embodiment is a dual-polarized antenna. Dual-polarized antennas can operate in transmit / receive full-duplex mode, therefore the base station antenna in this embodiment can cover more frequency bands, facilitating applications in "interspersed" scenarios (i.e., multi-band scenarios). Furthermore, this embodiment can achieve two polarizations in the radiator using a smaller number of feed lines, resulting in a simpler structure and lower cost for the base station antenna.

[0043] Thirdly, this application provides a base station antenna. The base station antenna includes a feed network, a first transmission line, and a radiator. The first transmission line includes a first conductor and a second conductor arranged at intervals and in parallel.

[0044] The radiator includes a first radiating segment, a third radiating segment, a fifth radiating segment, and a seventh radiating segment. The first end of the first radiating segment is electrically connected to the first end of the first conductor. The first end of the third radiating segment is electrically connected to the second end of the first conductor. The second ends of both the first and third radiating segments are located on the side of the first conductor furthest from the second conductor. The first end of the fifth radiating segment is electrically connected to the first end of the second conductor. The first end of the seventh radiating segment is electrically connected to the second end of the second conductor. The second ends of both the fifth and seventh radiating segments are located on the side of the second conductor furthest from the first conductor.

[0045] The power supply network includes a first feeder line. One of the feeder terminals and the grounding terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to a first conductor, and the other is electrically connected to a second conductor. In other words, when the feeder terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the first conductor, the grounding terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the second conductor. Conversely, when the feeder terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the second conductor, the grounding terminal of the first feeder line is electrically connected to the first conductor. The description will take the example of the feeder terminal of the first feeder line being electrically connected to the first conductor and the grounding terminal of the first feeder line being electrically connected to the second conductor.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first end of the first radiating segment is electrically connected to the first end of the third radiating segment via a first conductor, and the first end of the fifth radiating segment is electrically connected to the first end of the seventh radiating segment via a second conductor. Thus, the first and third radiating segments and the first conductor form a single unit, and the fifth and seventh radiating segments and the second conductor form a single unit. The first feed line connects the first conductor to one of its feed terminals and the second conductor to the other, thereby feeding power to the first, third, fifth, and seventh radiating segments and exciting two dipoles in each segment. One dipole is excited by the first and fifth radiating segments, and the other dipole is excited by the third and seventh radiating segments. It is understood that when these two dipoles are in phase, they can superimpose in the far field, thereby increasing the antenna gain of the base station antenna. In this way, the base station antenna can achieve the effect of a two-element array antenna. Meanwhile, under the power supply of the first feed line, the first, third, fifth, and seventh radiating segments can generate a polarization. The base station antenna feeding structure of this embodiment is relatively simple and requires less cost.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the angle between the first radiating segment and the first conductor toward the third radiating segment is a first angle a1, which satisfies: 0°<a1≤90°.

[0048] It is understandable that by setting 0°<a1≤90°, the first radiating segment, the third radiating segment and the first conductor can be arranged more compactly, thereby reducing the space occupied by the first radiating segment, the third radiating segment and the first conductor, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the base station antenna.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the angle between the third radiating segment and the first conductor toward the second radiating segment is a third angle b1, which satisfies: 0°<b1≤90°.

[0050] It is understandable that by setting 0°<b1≤90°, the arrangement of the first radiating segment, the third radiating segment and the first conductor can be made more compact, thereby further reducing the space occupied by the first radiating segment, the third radiating segment and the first conductor, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the base station antenna.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the arrangement of the fifth radiation segment, the seventh radiation segment, and the second conductor can refer to the arrangement of the first radiation segment, the third radiation segment, and the first conductor.

[0052] Fourthly, this application provides a base station. The base station includes a radio frequency processing unit and the base station antenna described in the third aspect. The radio frequency processing unit is electrically connected to the base station antenna.

[0053] The base station in this embodiment has a relatively simple structure and requires less cost. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The diagram shows a schematic structural view of the base station antenna from another perspective;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first polarization of a base station antenna provided in this application during power feeding;

[0062] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second polarization of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application during power feeding;

[0063] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0066] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0067] Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0068] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows a schematic structural view of the base station antenna from another perspective;

[0069] Figure 16 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A schematic enlarged view of the base station antenna at point A;

[0071] Figure 18 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 The diagram shows a schematic structural view of the base station antenna from another perspective;

[0073] Figure 20 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 21 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0075] Figure 22 yes Figure 21 The diagram shows a schematic structural view of the base station antenna from another perspective;

[0076] Figure 23 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0077] To facilitate understanding of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application, the relevant terms used in this application are explained as follows:

[0078] It should be understood that electrical connections include direct connections and coupled connections. A coupled connection can be a phenomenon where the inputs and outputs of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks are closely coordinated and mutually influential, transferring energy from one side to the other through this interaction. A direct connection can be a physical contact between components and electrical conduction, or it can be a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure via physical lines capable of transmitting electrical signals, such as copper foil on a printed circuit board (PCB) or wires.

[0079] Polarization: The spatial direction of the electric field vector is the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, and refers to the electric field vector in the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna. If the electric field direction of the electromagnetic wave makes a 45-degree angle with the ground, we call it 45-degree polarization. A positive angle is +45-degree polarization, and a negative angle is -45-degree polarization.

[0080] Dipole: Two charges that are very close to each other and have opposite signs.

[0081] Horizontal beamwidth: The angle at which the antenna pattern reduces power by 3dB.

[0082] Antenna gain: Characterizes the degree to which an antenna concentrates the radiated input power. Generally, the narrower the main lobe and the smaller the side lobes of the antenna pattern, the higher the antenna gain.

[0083] Transmission line: A transmission line can be viewed as a wire used by a system to transmit electrical signals. In the field of electromagnetism, the term transmission line is generally used to refer to two or more parallel wires that are very close together.

[0084] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the range from A to B includes endpoints A and B. In addition, the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "top," "bottom," and "side," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0086] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the mathematical concepts mentioned, such as symmetry, equality, 45°, parallelism, and perpendicularity, are all limitations relative to the current technological level, rather than absolute and strict mathematical definitions. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of symmetry, equality, 45°, parallelism, and perpendicularity are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. Similarly, "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0087] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the system architecture may include base station 1 and terminal 2. Wireless communication can be achieved between base station 1 and terminal 2. Base station 1, also known as access network equipment, can be located in a base station bubsystem (BBS), UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or evolved terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) to provide cell coverage for signal coverage, enabling communication between the terminal equipment and the wireless network. Specifically, base station 1 can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an Evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, base station 1 can also be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, or a g node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or access network equipment in a future evolution network, etc., and the embodiments in this application are not limited to these.

[0088] Base station 1 is equipped with a base station antenna to enable signal transmission in space. Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the structure of a base station antenna 100, a mast 200, and an antenna bracket 300. The base station antenna 100 includes an radome 40, which possesses excellent electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the effects of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thus protecting the antenna system from external environmental influences. The radome 40 can be mounted on the mast 200 or a tower via the antenna bracket 300 to facilitate signal reception or transmission by the base station antenna 100.

[0089] Additionally, base station 1 may also include a radio frequency processing unit 500 and a baseband processing unit 600. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the baseband processing unit 600 can be connected to the base station antenna 100 via the radio frequency processing unit 500. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 500 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 600 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0090] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency processing unit 500 can be integrated with the base station antenna 100, and the baseband processing unit 600 is located at the far end of the base station antenna 100. In this case, the radio frequency processing unit 500 and the base station antenna 100 can be collectively referred to as an active antenna unit (AAU). It should be noted that... Figure 2 This is just one example of the positional relationship between the radio frequency processing unit 500 and the base station antenna 100. In some other embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 500 and the baseband processing unit 600 may also be located at the far end of the base station antenna 100. The radio frequency processing unit 500 and the baseband processing unit 600 can be connected via a transmission line 400.

[0091] Furthermore, Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3As shown, the base station antenna 100 may include a radiator 50 and a reflector 70. The radiator 50, also known as an antenna element or vibrator, is a unit constituting the basic structure of the antenna array, effectively radiating or receiving antenna signals. Different radiators 50 may have the same or different frequencies. The reflector 70, also known as a base plate, antenna panel, or metal reflective surface, reflects and focuses the received signal onto the receiving point. The radiator 50 is typically placed on one side of the reflector 70, which not only greatly enhances the signal reception or transmission capability but also blocks and shields interference signals from the back of the reflector 70 (in this application, the back of the reflector 70 refers to the side opposite to where the radiator 50 is located).

[0092] In the base station antenna 100, the feed network 10a may be located between the radiator 50 and the power amplifier of the radio frequency processing unit 500. The feed network 10a can provide specific power and phase to the radiator 50. For example, the feed network 10a includes a power divider 101 that can be used in either forward or reverse direction to split a single signal into multiple signals or combine multiple signals into a single signal. The feed network 10a may also include a filter 103 for filtering out interference signals. For electrically tunable antennas, the feed network 10a may also include a transmission component 104 to achieve different radiation beam directions and a phase shifter 105 to change the maximum direction of signal radiation. In some cases, the phase shifter 105 also functions as the power divider 101, in which case the power divider 101 can be omitted from the feed network 10a. In some embodiments, the feed network 10a may also include a calibration network 106 to obtain the required calibration signal. The different devices included in the feed network 10a can be connected via transmission lines and connectors. It should be noted that the power divider 101 can be located inside or outside the radome 40, and the connection relationships between the various components mentioned above are not unique. Figure 3 Only one possible arrangement of the components and their connections is shown. In other embodiments, the power divider 101 may be replaced with a combiner in the power supply network 10a.

[0093] The following section will describe several implementation methods of the base station antenna 100 structure in conjunction with the relevant accompanying drawings.

[0094] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the base station antenna 100 includes a dielectric layer 60. The dielectric layer 60 includes a first surface 61 and a second surface 62 disposed opposite to each other. Exemplarily, the dielectric layer 60 may be made of Megtron 6 material.

[0095] For example, the dielectric layer 60 is provided with a through hole 63, which penetrates the first surface 61 and the second surface 62.

[0096] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 One embodiment of the first feeder line 10, second feeder line 20, first transmission line 30, second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 shown. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the radiator 50 includes a first radiating arm 51, a second radiating arm 52, a third radiating arm 53, and a fourth radiating arm 54. The first radiating arm 51 includes a first end 51a and a second end 51b. The second radiating arm 52 includes a first end 52a and a second end 52b. The third radiating arm 53 includes a first end 53a and a second end 53b. The fourth radiating arm 54 includes a first end 54a and a second end 54b. The first end 51a of the first radiating arm 51 may be positioned opposite to the first end 53a of the third radiating arm 53. The second end 51b of the first radiating arm 51 may be positioned opposite to the second end 52b of the second radiating arm 52. The first end 54a of the fourth radiating arm 54 may be positioned opposite to the first end 52a of the second radiating arm 52. The second end 54b of the fourth radiating arm 54 may be positioned opposite to the second end 53b of the third radiating arm 53.

[0097] It should be understood that in this application, the relative arrangement of components A and B can be such that component A is projected along the target direction to obtain projection C, and component B is projected along the target direction to obtain projection D, with projection C and projection D at least partially overlapping. In some embodiments, at least partial overlap can be any of the following: projection C is completely located within projection D; or projection D is completely located within projection C; or projection C and projection D intersect each other.

[0098] In this embodiment, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can all be strip-shaped. The first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can generally form a square structure. In other embodiments, the radiator 50 can also take other shapes. These will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0099] For example, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 are centrally symmetrical structures. This helps to improve the symmetry of the base station antenna 100.

[0100] In this embodiment, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 are all integrally formed structural components. In other embodiments, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 do not necessarily need to be all integrally formed structural components. For example, one, two, or three of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can be integrally formed structural components. For radiating arms that are not integrally formed structural components, they can be composed of multiple separate radiating segments. In this application, "multiple" can refer to at least two segments.

[0101] In other embodiments, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 may not all be integrally formed structural components. Thus, each of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 is composed of multiple separate radiating segments. Specific details will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Further details will not be elaborated here.

[0102] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 The illustration shows one embodiment in which the first feed line 10, first transmission line 30, a portion of the second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 are coupled with the dielectric layer 60. It should be understood that... Figure 6 This is a structural diagram viewed from the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. The first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 are all disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. Thus, the radiator 50 can have a roughly planar structure. Compared to a three-dimensional radiator 50, the radiator 50 of this embodiment has a simpler structure and occupies less space.

[0103] In other embodiments, the positions of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 in the dielectric layer 60 are not specifically limited. For example, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 may all be disposed on the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60, or may all be embedded within the dielectric layer 60.

[0104] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the base station antenna 100 also includes a first transmission line 30 and a second transmission line 40. The first transmission line 30 includes a first conductor 31 and a second conductor 32 arranged at intervals and in parallel. The second transmission line 40 includes a third conductor 41 and a fourth conductor 42 arranged at intervals and in parallel.

[0105] It should be understood that the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 being spaced apart and parallel includes two cases: One case is that the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 can be arranged parallel to each other, in which case the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 do not intersect, and the extensions of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 also do not intersect. The other case is that the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 can be arranged non-parallel, in which case the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 do not intersect, but the extensions of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 intersect at their distal ends. In this case, the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 are not connected.

[0106] For example, the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 may be radio frequency isolated in the frequency range of 300 kHz to 300 GHz.

[0107] In this embodiment, the meaning of the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 being spaced apart and arranged in parallel can be found in the meaning of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 being spaced apart and arranged in parallel, and will not be repeated here.

[0108] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first conductor 31 includes a first end 31a and a second end 31b. The second conductor 32 includes a first end 32a and a second end 32b. The first end 31a of the first conductor 31 can be disposed opposite to the first end 32a of the second conductor 32. The second end 31b of the first conductor 31 can be disposed opposite to the second end 32b of the second conductor 32. Additionally, the third conductor 41 includes a first end 41a and a second end 41b. The fourth conductor 42 includes a first end 42a and a second end 42b. The first end 41a of the third conductor 41 can be disposed opposite to the first end 42a of the fourth conductor 42. The second end 41b of the third conductor 41 can be disposed opposite to the second end 42b of the fourth conductor 42.

[0109] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the first transmission line 30 and the second transmission line 40 are spaced apart and intersected. Since the first transmission line 30 includes a first conductor 31 and a second conductor 32 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the second transmission line 40 includes a third conductor 41 and a fourth conductor 42 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, both the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 are spaced apart and intersected with the third conductor 41. Both the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 are spaced apart and intersected with the fourth conductor 42. It should be understood that the spaced-apart arrangement of the first conductor 31 and the third conductor 41 can mean that the first conductor 31 and the third conductor 41 are separately arranged and not connected. Furthermore, the intersecting arrangement of the first conductor 31 and the third conductor 41 can mean that the projection of the first conductor 31 onto the reference plane intersects with the projection of the third conductor 41 onto the reference plane. The reference plane can be either the first surface 61 or the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60. Furthermore, the meanings of the second conductor 32 and the third conductor 41 being spaced apart and intersecting, the meanings of the first conductor 31 and the fourth conductor 42 being spaced apart and intersecting, and the meanings of the second conductor 32 and the fourth conductor 42 being spaced apart and intersecting can be found in the section on the meanings of the first conductor 31 and the third conductor 41 being spaced apart and intersecting. Specific details will not be elaborated here.

[0110] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a portion of the first conductor 31 is recessed away from the second conductor 32. A portion of the second conductor 32 is also recessed away from the first conductor 31. The recessed portions of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 can enclose a first space S1. It should be understood that the size of the first space S1 can be achieved by changing the recess depth of the first conductor 31 and / or the recess depth of the second conductor 32. Specifically, it can be flexibly set according to requirements. It should be understood that in this application, A and / or B can include three cases: A, B, and A and B.

[0111] In other embodiments, the shapes of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 are not specifically limited. For example, both the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 may be strip-shaped, in which case at least one of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 may not include a recessed portion.

[0112] like Figure 6 As shown, the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 of the first transmission line 30 are both disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. Thus, the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 can be on the same plane as the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54, and the first transmission line 30 and the radiator 50 can have a generally planar structure. Therefore, compared to a three-dimensional structure, the structure of the first transmission line 30 and the radiator 50 in this embodiment is simpler and occupies less space.

[0113] Furthermore, the first space S1 is disposed opposite to the through hole 63 of the dielectric layer 60. The first space S1 and the through hole 63 are interconnected.

[0114] In other embodiments, the positions of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 on the dielectric layer 60 are not specifically limited. For example, the shapes of the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 can be changed so that a portion of the first conductor 31 is disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60, a portion is embedded in the dielectric layer 60, and a portion is disposed on the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60.

[0115] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The schematic structural diagram of the base station antenna 100 shown is viewed from another angle. Figure 7 It shows Figure 5 This is one embodiment in which the second transmission line 40 mates with the dielectric layer 60. It should be understood that... Figure 6 This is a structural diagram from the perspective of the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. Figure 7 This is a structural diagram viewed from the perspective of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the third conductor 41 includes a first part 411, a second part 412, a third part 413, a fourth part 414, and a fifth part 415 connected in sequence. The first part 411 and the fifth part 415 are both disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. The third part 413 is disposed on the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 (therefore, in...). Figure 6 (Not shown in the diagram). The second part 412 and the fourth part 414 are both disposed between the first surface 61 and the second surface 62, that is, the second part 412 and the fourth part 414 are both embedded within the dielectric layer 60. Thus, the first part 411 and the fifth part 415 are on the same plane. The first part 411 and the third part 413 are on different planes. The fifth part 415 and the third part 413 are also on different planes. It should be understood that the second part 412, the third part 413, and the fourth part 414 can serve as a bridge structure. The first part 411 is connected to the fifth part 415 through this bridge structure. Furthermore, since the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 of the first transmission line 30 are disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60, and the third part 413 is disposed on the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60, the third part 413 of the third conductor 41 is on a different plane from the first transmission line 30. It should be noted that since the second part 412 and the fourth part 414 are both embedded within the dielectric layer 60, Figure 6 and Figure 7 Part 2, 412, and Part 4, 414 are schematically shown using dashed lines.

[0116] In this embodiment, a portion of the third part 413 of the third conductor 41 is disposed opposite to the first transmission line 30, that is, a portion of the third part 413 is disposed opposite to the first conductor 31, and a portion of the third part 413 is disposed opposite to the second conductor 32. Furthermore, the third part 413 of the third conductor 41 and the first transmission line 30 are on different planes. In this way, the third conductor 41 can bypass the first transmission line 30 through the third part 413, thereby achieving a spaced and intersecting arrangement between the third conductor 41 and the first transmission line 30, avoiding short circuits at the intersection points.

[0117] In this embodiment, by placing the first portion 411 and the fifth portion 415 of the third conductor 41 on the first surface 61, a portion of the third conductor 41 can be on the same plane as the first transmission line 30, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54. A portion of the third conductor 41 can also be approximately planar with the first transmission line 30 and the radiator 50. Thus, compared to a three-dimensional structure of the third conductor 41, the first transmission line 30, and the radiator 50, the structure of the third conductor 41, the first transmission line 30, and the radiator 50 in this embodiment is simpler and occupies less space.

[0118] In this embodiment, the total length of the first portion 411 and the fifth portion 415 can be greater than the length of the third portion 413. Thus, most of the third conductor 41 can be on the same plane as the first transmission line 30 and the radiator 50, thereby maximizing the planar structural arrangement of the third conductor 41, the first transmission line 30, and the radiator 50. In other embodiments, the total length of the first portion 411 and the fifth portion 415 is not specifically limited.

[0119] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the arrangement of the fourth conductor 42 can be referenced to the arrangement of the third conductor 41. For example, the first portion 421 and the fifth portion 425 of the fourth conductor 42 are both disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. The third portion 423 of the fourth conductor 42 is disposed on the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60. The second portion 422 and the fourth portion 424 of the fourth conductor 42 are both disposed between the first surface 61 and the second surface 62, that is, the second portion 422 and the fourth portion 424 are both embedded within the dielectric layer 60. Further details will not be elaborated here.

[0120] In this embodiment, the first conductor 31, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the first portion 411 of the third conductor 41, and the first portion 421 of the fourth conductor 42 of the first transmission line 30 are integrally formed. This reduces the number of manufacturing steps for the base station antenna 100, thereby reducing costs.

[0121] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second conductor 32, the third radiating arm 53, the fourth radiating arm 54, the fifth part 415 of the third conductor 41, and the fifth part 415 of the fourth conductor 42 of the first transmission line 30 are integrally formed structures.

[0122] For example, the first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, the radiator 50, and the dielectric layer 60 of the base station antenna 100 may be part of a circuit board. Thus, the first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, and the radiator 50 can be formed by traces on the circuit board. The dielectric layer 60 can be formed by an insulating layer on the circuit board. In other embodiments, the first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, the radiator 50, and the dielectric layer 60 of the base station antenna 100 may also be disposed on a circuit board.

[0123] In other embodiments, the base station antenna 100 may also exclude the dielectric layer 60. The first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, and the radiator 50 of the base station antenna 100 may be made of pure metal, such as sheet metal, and have a structural design.

[0124] like Figure 7 As shown, a portion of the third part 413 of the third conductor 41 is recessed away from the third part 423 of the fourth conductor 42. A portion of the third part 423 of the fourth conductor 42 is also recessed away from the third part 413 of the third conductor 41. The recessed portions of the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 can enclose a second space S2. It should be understood that the size of the second space S2 can be achieved by changing the recess depth of the third conductor 41 and / or the recess depth of the fourth conductor 42. Specifically, it can be flexibly set according to requirements.

[0125] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first end 51a of the first radiating arm 51 is electrically connected to the first end 31a of the first conductor 31. The second end 51b of the first radiating arm 51 is electrically connected to the first end 41a of the third conductor 41. The first end 52a of the second radiating arm 52 is electrically connected to the second end 31b of the first conductor 31. The second end 52b of the second radiating arm 52 is electrically connected to the first end 42a of the fourth conductor 42. The first end 53a of the third radiating arm 53 is electrically connected to the first end 32a of the second conductor 32. The second end 53b of the third radiating arm 53 is electrically connected to the second end 41b of the third conductor 41. The first end 54a of the fourth radiating arm 54 is electrically connected to the second end 32b of the second conductor 32. The second end 54b of the fourth radiating arm 54 is electrically connected to the second end 42b of the fourth conductor 42.

[0126] like Figure 5As shown, the angle between the first radiating arm 51 and the first wire 31 toward the second radiating arm 52 is a first angle α1. The first angle α1 satisfies: 0° < α ≤ 90°. For example, the first angle α1 is equal to 45°. In this way, the arrangement of the first radiating arm 51 and the first wire 31 is more compact, and the space occupied by the first radiating arm 51 and the first wire 31 is less. In one embodiment, the first angle α1 can further satisfy: 0° < α ≤ 45°.

[0127] In this embodiment, the angle between the first radiating arm 51 and the third conductor 41 toward the third radiating arm 53 is a second angle a2. The second angle a2 satisfies: 0° < a2 ≤ 90°. For example, the second angle a2 is equal to 45°. This results in a more compact arrangement of the first radiating arm 51 and the third conductor 41, occupying less space. In one embodiment, the second angle a2 may further satisfy: 0° < a2 ≤ 45°.

[0128] In other embodiments, the first angle a1 may also be greater than 90°. The second angle a2 may also be greater than 90°.

[0129] In other embodiments, the arrangement of the second radiating arm 52 with the first wire 31 and the fourth wire 42, the arrangement of the third radiating arm 53 with the second wire 32 and the third wire 41, and the arrangement of the fourth radiating arm 54 with the second wire 32 and the fourth wire 42 can all refer to the arrangement of the first radiating arm 51 with the first wire 31 and the third wire 41. Specific details will not be elaborated here.

[0130] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the power supply network 10a includes a first feeder line 10 and a second feeder line 20. The first feeder line 10 includes a feed terminal 11 and a ground terminal 12 spaced apart. The second feeder line 20 includes a feed terminal 21 and a ground terminal 22 spaced apart. The first feeder line 10 can be a coaxial cable, a microstrip line, or a balun transmission line. The second feeder line 20 can also be a coaxial cable, a microstrip line, or a balun transmission line. Exemplarily, the first feeder line 10 and the second feeder line 20 can use the same type of feeder line. For example, both the first feeder line 10 and the second feeder line 20 can be coaxial cables. In this way, the power supply network 10a has fewer component categories, which simplifies the structure of the power supply network 10a.

[0131] In this embodiment, both the first feeder line 10 and the second feeder line 20 are coaxial cables. It should be noted that... Figure 4 and Figure 5The cross-sections of the first feeder line 10 and the second feeder line 20 are shown only schematically. The specific structures of the first feeder line 10 (e.g., the components, length, shape, etc.) and the second feeder line 20 (e.g., the components, length, shape, etc.) will not be described in detail here.

[0132] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the feed terminal 11 and ground terminal 12 of the first feed line 10 both originate from the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61, and pass through the second space S2, the via 63, and the first space S1. In other words, a portion of the first feed line 10 can be located on the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61. A portion of the first feed line 10 can be located in the second space S2, a portion of the first feed line 10 can be located within the via 63 of the dielectric layer 60, and a portion of the first feed line 10 can be located in the first space S1.

[0133] Furthermore, one of the feeding terminal 11 and the grounding terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the first conductor 31, and the other is electrically connected to the second conductor 32. In other words, when the feeding terminal 11 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the first conductor 31, the grounding terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the second conductor 32. When the feeding terminal 11 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the second conductor 32, the grounding terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the first conductor 31. This embodiment is described using the example of the feeding terminal 11 of the first feeder line 10 being electrically connected to the first conductor 31 and the grounding terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 being electrically connected to the second conductor 32. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first feeder line 10 is a coaxial cable. During the process of electrically connecting the feeding terminal 11 of the first feeder line 10 to the first conductor 31 and the grounding terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 to the second conductor 32, the protective sleeve at the end of the coaxial cable can be removed first to expose part of the feeding wire and part of the grounding wire of the first feeder line 10. Finally, the feed wire of the first feeder wire 10 is soldered to the first conductor 31, and the grounding wire of the first feeder wire 10 is soldered to the second conductor 32. Because the protective sleeve has been removed from the end of the first feeder wire 10, Figure 5 and Figure 6 The connection relationship between the power supply terminal 11 of the first power supply line 10 and the first conductor 31, and the connection relationship between the grounding terminal 12 of the first power supply line 10 and the second conductor 32 are schematically shown by dashed lines.

[0134] It is understood that, in this embodiment, in order to enable the first feeder wire 10 located on the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61 to be electrically connected to the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 provided on the first surface 61, this embodiment provides clearance space for the first feeder wire 10 by providing a second space S2 between the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42, providing a through hole 63 in the dielectric layer 60, and providing a first space S1 between the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32. Furthermore, the size of the first space S1, the size of the through hole 63, and the size of the first space S1 can be adjusted to fit the size of the first feeder wire 10.

[0135] In other embodiments, when there is no second space S2 between the third conductor 41 and the second conductor 42, the feed end 11 and the ground end 12 of the first feed line 10 both pass through the through hole 63 and the first space S1 from the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61.

[0136] In other embodiments, when there is no first space S1 between the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32, the feed end 11 and the ground end 12 of the first feed line 10 pass through the second space S2 and the through hole 63 from the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61, and are electrically connected to the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 in the through hole 63.

[0137] In other embodiments, when there is no first space S1 between the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32, and no second space S2 between the third conductor 41 and the second conductor 42, the feed end 11 and the ground end 12 of the first feed line 10 pass through the through hole 63 from the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61, and are electrically connected to the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 in the through hole 63.

[0138] Understandably, compared to the scheme where the feed end of the first feed line originates from the side of the second surface away from the first surface, passes around the dielectric layer and the radiator, and is electrically connected to the first conductor, this embodiment, by providing a second space S2 between the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42, a through hole 63 in the dielectric layer 60, and a first space S1 between the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32, allows the feed end 11 of the first feed line 10 to pass through the second space S2, the through hole 63, and the first space S1 from the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61, and be electrically connected to the first conductor 31. Thus, the first feed line 10 is less likely to interfere with the radiator 50. Similarly, when the ground end 12 of the first feed line 10 passes through the second space S2, the through hole 63, and the first space S1 from the side of the second surface 62 away from the first surface 61, and is electrically connected to the second conductor 32, the ground end 12 of the first feed line 10 is also less likely to interfere with the radiator 50.

[0139] like Figure 6 As shown, the feeding terminal 11 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the middle portion 31c of the first conductor 31, and the grounding terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the middle portion 32c of the second conductor 32. The middle portion 31c of the first conductor 31 connects the first end 31a and the second end 31b of the first conductor 31. The middle portion 32c of the second conductor 32 connects the first end 32a and the second end 32b of the second conductor 32. In this application, the middle portion 31c of the first conductor 31 can be the remaining portion of the first conductor 31 excluding the first end 31a and the second end 31b. Similarly, the meaning of the middle portion 32c of the second conductor 32 can be found in the definition of the middle portion 31c of the first conductor 31.

[0140] In this embodiment, by electrically connecting the feed end 11 of the first feed line 10 to the middle portion 31c of the first conductor 31, and the ground end 12 of the first feed line 10 to the middle portion 32c of the second conductor 32, when a signal is transmitted through the first feed line 10, the signal can be simultaneously transmitted to the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third transmission arm 53, and the fourth transmission arm 54 via the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32. Alternatively, the signal can also be transmitted from the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54, and then to the first feed line 10 via the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32. It should be understood that compared to a scheme where two first feed lines are used, one where the feed end is electrically connected to the first end of the first radiating arm and the ground end is electrically connected to the first end of the third radiating arm, and the other where the feed end is electrically connected to the first end of the second radiating arm and the ground end is electrically connected to the first end of the third radiating arm, the base station antenna 100 of this embodiment can omit one first feed line. Thus, the structure of the base station antenna 100 in this embodiment is relatively simple.

[0141] It should be understood that the distance from the electrical connection point of the first feed line 10 and the first conductor 31 to the first end 31a of the first conductor 31 is the first distance. The distance from the electrical connection point of the first feed line 10 and the first conductor 31 to the second end 31b of the first conductor 31 is the second distance. By electrically connecting the feed end 11 of the first feed line 10 to the middle portion 31c of the first conductor 31, the first distance and the second distance can be made much closer, which is beneficial to improving the symmetry of the base station antenna. Similarly, by electrically connecting the ground end 12 of the first feed line 10 to the middle portion 32c of the second conductor 32, the symmetry of the base station antenna 100 can also be improved.

[0142] like Figure 7 As shown, the feed terminal 21 and ground terminal 22 of the second feed line 20 can be located on the side of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60 away from the first surface 61. One of the feed terminal 21 and the ground terminal 22 of the second feed line 20 is electrically connected to the third conductor 41, and the other is electrically connected to the fourth conductor 42. In other words, when the feed terminal 21 of the second feed line 20 is electrically connected to the third conductor 41, the ground terminal 22 of the second feed line 20 is electrically connected to the fourth conductor 42; when the feed terminal 21 of the second feed line 20 is electrically connected to the fourth conductor 42, the ground terminal 22 of the second feed line 20 is electrically connected to the third conductor 41. This embodiment is described using the example of the feed terminal 21 of the second feed line 20 being electrically connected to the fourth conductor 42 and the ground terminal 22 of the second feed line 20 being electrically connected to the third conductor 41. It should be noted that... Figure 7 The connection relationship between the power supply terminal 21 of the second power supply line 20 and the fourth conductor 42 is schematically shown by dashed lines, as well as the connection relationship between the grounding terminal 22 of the second power supply line 20 and the third conductor 41.

[0143] In this embodiment, the feed terminal 21 of the second feed line 20 is electrically connected to the third portion 423 of the fourth conductor 42. The ground terminal 22 of the second feed line 20 is electrically connected to the third portion 413 of the third conductor 41. Thus, when the second feed line 20 transmits a signal, the signal can be simultaneously transmitted to the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third transmission arm 53, and the fourth transmission arm 54 via the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42. Alternatively, the signal can also be transmitted from the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third transmission arm 53, and the fourth transmission arm 54, and then to the second feed line 20 via the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42. It should be understood that compared to a scheme where one second feed line has its feed terminal electrically connected to the second end of the first radiating arm and its ground terminal electrically connected to the second end of the third radiating arm, and the other first feed line has its feed terminal electrically connected to the second end of the second radiating arm and its ground terminal electrically connected to the second end of the third radiating arm, the base station antenna 100 of this embodiment can omit one second feed line. Thus, the structure of the base station antenna 100 in this embodiment is relatively simple.

[0144] In this embodiment, the base station antenna 100 can generate two polarizations. An embodiment of these two polarizations will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0145] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first polarization of a base station antenna 100 provided in this application during power feeding. Figure 8 As shown, the first polarized current comprises four parts. One part is the current transmitted from the first feed line 10 to the first conductor 31 and the first radiating arm 51; another part is the current transmitted from the first feed line 10 to the first conductor 31 and the second radiating arm 52; another part is the current transmitted from the third radiating arm 53 to the second conductor 32 and the first feed line 10; and the third part is the current transmitted from the fourth radiating arm 54 to the second conductor 32 and the first feed line 10.

[0146] It should be noted that, Figure 8 The direction of current flow is indicated by a solid line with an arrow. For the sake of brevity, the diagram is shown below. Figure 8 The direction of the current is not directly indicated on the structural components (such as the first radiating arm 51, the first conductor 31, etc.), but is indicated around the structural components.

[0147] In this embodiment, the radiator 50 is fed by a first feed line 10, allowing the radiator 50 to generate polarization. Furthermore, the radiator 50 can excite two dipoles. Specifically, one dipole is excited by the first radiating arm 51 and the third radiating arm 53, and the other dipole is excited by the second radiating arm 52 and the fourth radiating arm 54. It is understood that when these two dipoles are in phase, they can superimpose in the far field, thereby increasing the antenna gain of the base station antenna 100. Thus, the base station antenna 100 can achieve the effect of a two-element array antenna. A two-element array antenna can be an array composed of two antennas.

[0148] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second polarization of a base station antenna 100 provided in this application during power feeding. Figure 9 As shown, the second polarized current comprises four parts. One part is the current transmitted from the first radiating arm 51 to the third conductor 41 and the second feeder line 20. Another part is the current transmitted from the third radiating arm 53 to the third conductor 41 and the second feeder line 20. A third part is the current transmitted from the second feeder line 20 to the fourth conductor 42 and the second radiating arm 52. A fourth part is the current transmitted from the second feeder line 20 to the fourth conductor 42 and the fourth radiating arm 54.

[0149] It should be noted that, Figure 9 The direction of the current is indicated by a dashed line with an arrow. To make the diagram simpler, Figure 8 The direction of the current is not directly indicated on the structural components (such as the first radiating arm 51, the third conductor 41, etc.), but rather indicated around the structural components.

[0150] In this embodiment, the radiator 50 is fed through a second feed line 20, allowing the radiator 50 to generate a second polarization. Furthermore, the radiator 50 can excite two additional dipoles. Specifically, one dipole is excited by the first radiating arm 51 and the second radiating arm 52, and the other dipole is excited by the third radiating arm 53 and the fourth radiating arm 54. It is understood that when these two dipoles are in phase, they may superimpose in the far field, thereby increasing the antenna gain of the base station antenna 100. In this way, the base station antenna 100 can achieve the effect of another two-element array antenna.

[0151] For example, one of these two polarizations can be +45° polarization and the other can be -45° polarization.

[0152] It should be understood that, such as Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the first end 51a of the first radiating arm 51 and the first end 52a of the second radiating arm 52 are electrically connected by the first wire 31, the first end 53a of the third radiating arm 53 and the first end 54a of the fourth radiating arm 54 are electrically connected by the second wire 32, the second end 51b of the first radiating arm 51 and the second end 53b of the third radiating arm 53 are electrically connected by the third wire 41, and the second end 52b of the second radiating arm 52 and the second end 54b of the fourth radiating arm 54 are electrically connected by the fourth wire 42. In this way, the first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53 and the fourth radiating arm 54 can form a whole. Then, by electrically connecting one of the feed terminal 11 and the ground terminal 12 of the first feed line 10 to the first conductor 31 and the other to the second conductor 32, the first feed line 10 supplies power to the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54, thereby exciting two dipoles in each of the four radiating arms. In this way, the base station antenna 100 can produce the effect of a two-element array antenna. Furthermore, by electrically connecting one of the feed terminal 21 and the ground terminal 22 of the second feed line 20 to the third conductor 41 and the other to the fourth conductor 42, the second feed line 20 supplies power to the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54, thereby exciting two more dipoles in each of the four radiating arms. In this way, the base station antenna 100 can produce the effect of another two-element array antenna. Meanwhile, under the power supply of the first feed line 10 and the second feed line 20, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can generate two polarizations, that is, the base station antenna 100 of this embodiment can realize a dual-polarization design. The dual-polarized antenna can operate in transmit / receive full-duplex mode, so the base station antenna 100 of this embodiment can cover more frequency bands, which is convenient for "interspersed" scenarios (i.e., multi-band scenarios).

[0153] Furthermore, in this embodiment, by feeding the radiator 50 with a single feed line (e.g., the first feed line 10 or the second feed line 20), the base station antenna 100 can achieve the effect of a two-element array antenna. Secondly, by feeding the radiator 50 with two feed lines (e.g., the first feed line 10 and the second feed line 20), the base station antenna 100 can achieve a dual-polarization design. The base station antenna 100 of this embodiment has a simple structure and requires less cost.

[0154] It should be understood that, compared to traditional dual-polarized antennas, the base station antenna 100 of this embodiment has a lower horizontal beamwidth and better antenna gain.

[0155] In this embodiment, the base station antenna 100 can support low-frequency signals (e.g., frequencies in the range of 690MHz to 960MHz) and high-frequency signals (e.g., frequencies in the range of 1695MHz to 2700MHz). The base station antenna 100 can cover multiple frequency bands, meaning it can be well applied in multi-frequency band scenarios. It should be understood that the application of the base station antenna 100 in a specific frequency band can be achieved by adjusting the length and shape of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54.

[0156] The preceding text, with reference to the accompanying drawings, details one embodiment of the base station antenna 100. The following text, with reference to the accompanying drawings, further details several other embodiments of the base station antenna 100. Technical content identical to that described in the preceding text will not be repeated.

[0157] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 10 It shows Figure 4 Another embodiment of the first feed line 10, second feed line 20, first transmission line 30, second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 shown. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can also be curved. For example, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can be arc-shaped. In this way, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can be more easily adapted to different application environments, so that the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can more easily generate +45° polarization and -45° polarization when a signal is fed in.

[0158] In other embodiments, at least one of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 is curved.

[0159] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 11 It shows Figure 4 Another embodiment of the first feeder line 10, second feeder line 20, first transmission line 30, second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 shown. For example... Figure 11As shown, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 are all bent. In this embodiment, Figure 11 The illustrations show that the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 are all configured with two bends. In other embodiments, the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 may also be configured with multiple bends, such as three bends or four bends.

[0160] It should be understood that, compared to Figure 5 The first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 are shown in the figure. In this embodiment, by setting the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 to be bent, the length of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 can be increased, which is beneficial to optimizing the horizontal beamwidth and cross-polarization ratio of the base station antenna 100.

[0161] In other embodiments, at least one of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 is bent.

[0162] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 12 It shows Figure 4 Another embodiment of the first feeder line 10, second feeder line 20, first transmission line 30, second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 shown. For example... Figure 12 As shown, part or all of the first radiating arm 51 is hollow. Part or all of the second radiating arm 52 may be hollow. Part or all of the third radiating arm 53 may be hollow. Part or all of the fourth radiating arm 54 may be hollow. Thus, compared to Figure 5 The first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 shown in this embodiment have relatively large linewidths for the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54, which helps to increase the bandwidth of the base station antenna 100.

[0163] In this embodiment, Figure 12The illustration shows two hollow sections of the first radiating arm 51, two hollow sections of the second radiating arm 52, two hollow sections of the third radiating arm 53, and two hollow sections of the fourth radiating arm 54. In other embodiments, one or more sections of the first radiating arm 51, one or more sections of the second radiating arm 52, one or more sections of the third radiating arm 53, and one or more sections of the fourth radiating arm 54 may also be hollow.

[0164] In other embodiments, at least one or all of the first radiating arm 51, the second radiating arm 52, the third radiating arm 53, and the fourth radiating arm 54 may be hollow.

[0165] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 13 It shows Figure 4 Another embodiment of the first feeder line 10, second feeder line 20, first transmission line 30, second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 shown. For example... Figure 13 As shown, both the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 of the first transmission line 30 are curved. For example, the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 can be arc-shaped. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, if it is to be set... Figure 6 The first space S1 shown is shown. Figure 13 Part or all of the space between the first arc-shaped conductor 31 and the second arc-shaped conductor 32 can be used as the first space S1.

[0166] In other embodiments, Figures 10 to 12 In the illustrated scheme, the arrangement of the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 can also adopt the technical solution of this embodiment.

[0167] Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 15 It shows Figure 4 Another embodiment of the first feeder line 10, the second feeder line 20, the first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, and the radiator 50 shown. Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The diagram shown is a schematic structural representation of the base station antenna 100 from another perspective. It should be understood that... Figure 14 This is a structural diagram from the perspective of the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. Figure 15 This is a structural diagram viewed from the perspective of the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60. For example... Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the third conductor 41 includes a second portion 412, a third portion 413, and a fourth portion 414 connected in sequence. The third portion 413 is disposed on the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60. The second portion 412 and the fourth portion 414 are both disposed between the first surface 61 and the second surface 62, that is, both the second portion 412 and the fourth portion 414 are embedded within the dielectric layer 60. Compared to the structure of the third conductor 41 in the first embodiment, the third conductor 41 in this embodiment does not include the first portion 411 and the fifth portion 415. The third conductor 41 in this embodiment is no longer disposed on the first surface 61, that is, the third conductor 41 is not disposed on the same plane as the radiator 50 and the first transmission line 30. Furthermore, the arrangement of the third portion 413 can be referred to the arrangement of the first conductor 31.

[0168] The second portion 412 of the third conductor 41 is directly connected to the second end 51b of the first radiating arm 51. The fourth portion 414 of the third conductor 41 is directly connected to the second end 53b of the third radiating arm 53.

[0169] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the fourth conductor 42 can be referred to the arrangement of the third conductor 41. For example, the second portion 422 of the fourth conductor 42 is directly connected to the second end 52b of the second radiating arm 52. The fourth portion 424 of the fourth conductor 42 is directly connected to the second end 54b of the fourth radiating arm 54. Specific details will not be elaborated here.

[0170] In other embodiments, Figures 10 to 12 In the illustrated scheme, the arrangement of the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 can also adopt the technical solution of this embodiment.

[0171] Figure 16 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 16 It shows Figure 4 Another embodiment of the first feeder line 10, second feeder line 20, first transmission line 30, second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 shown. For example... Figure 16 As shown, the first radiating arm 51 includes a first radiating segment 511 and a second radiating segment 512. The first radiating segment 511 includes a first end 511a and a second end 511b. The second radiating segment 512 includes a first end 512a and a second end 512b. The first end 511a of the first radiating segment 511 is the first end 51a of the first radiating arm 51. The second end 512b of the second radiating segment 512 is the second end 51b of the first radiating arm 51.

[0172] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A schematic enlarged view of the base station antenna 100 at point A. (See diagram below.) Figure 17As shown, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 can be disposed opposite to the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512. In this embodiment, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512 are disposed vertically opposite each other. How to achieve this vertically opposite arrangement will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512 can also be disposed horizontally opposite each other. This will also be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Further details will not be elaborated here.

[0173] The second radiating arm 52 includes a third radiating segment 521 and a fourth radiating segment 522. The third radiating segment 521 includes a first end 521a and a second end 521b. The fourth radiating segment 522 includes a first end 522a and a second end 522b. The first end 521a of the third radiating segment 521 is the first end 52a of the second radiating arm 52. The second end 522b of the fourth radiating segment 522 is the second end 52b of the second radiating arm 52. The second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 can be positioned opposite to the first end 522a of the fourth radiating segment 522. The relative positioning of the second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 and the first end 522a of the fourth radiating segment 522 can be found in the relative positioning of the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512. Further details are omitted here.

[0174] The third radiating arm 53 includes a fifth radiating segment 531 and a sixth radiating segment 532. The fifth radiating segment 531 includes a first end 531a and a second end 531b. The sixth radiating segment 532 includes a first end 532a and a second end 532b. The first end 531a of the fifth radiating segment 531 is the first end 53a of the third radiating arm 53. The second end 532b of the sixth radiating segment 532 is the second end 53b of the third radiating arm 53. The second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 can be positioned opposite to the first end 532a of the sixth radiating segment 532. The relative positioning of the second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 and the first end 532a of the sixth radiating segment 532 can be referenced to the relative positioning of the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512. Specific details will not be elaborated here.

[0175] The fourth radiating arm 54 includes a seventh radiating segment 541 and an eighth radiating segment 542. The seventh radiating segment 541 includes a first end 541a and a second end 541b. The eighth radiating segment 542 includes a first end 542a and a second end 542b. The first end 541a of the seventh radiating segment 541 is the first end 54a of the fourth radiating arm 54. The second end 542b of the eighth radiating segment 542 is the second end 54b of the fourth radiating arm 54. The second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 can be positioned opposite to the first end 542a of the eighth radiating segment 542. The relative positioning of the second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 and the first end 542a of the eighth radiating segment 542 can be found in the relative positioning of the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512. Further details are omitted here.

[0176] like Figure 16 As shown, the first end 511a of the first radiating segment 511 is electrically connected to the first end 31a of the first conductor 31. The first end 521a of the third radiating segment 521 is electrically connected to the second end 31b of the first conductor 31. The first end 531a of the fifth radiating segment 531 is electrically connected to the first end 32a of the second conductor 32. The first end 541a of the seventh radiating segment 541 is electrically connected to the second end 32b of the second conductor 32.

[0177] In this embodiment, the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, and the first conductor 31 are integrally formed. This simplifies the production steps of the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, and the first conductor 31, thereby reducing costs. In other embodiments, the connection method of the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, and the first conductor 31 is not specifically limited.

[0178] For example, the fifth radiating segment 531, the seventh radiating segment 541, and the second conductor 32 can also be integrally formed structures.

[0179] like Figure 16 As shown, the second end 512b of the second radiating segment 512 is electrically connected to the first end 41a of the third conductor 41. The second end 532b of the sixth radiating segment 532 is electrically connected to the second end 41b of the third conductor 41. The second end 522b of the fourth radiating segment 522 is electrically connected to the first end 42a of the fourth conductor 42. The second end 542b of the eighth radiating segment 542 is electrically connected to the second end 42b of the fourth conductor 42.

[0180] In this embodiment, the second radiating segment 512, the sixth radiating segment 532, and the third conductor 41 are integrally formed. This simplifies the production steps of the second radiating segment 512, the sixth radiating segment 532, and the third conductor 41, thereby reducing costs. In other embodiments, the connection method of the second radiating segment 512, the sixth radiating segment 532, and the third conductor 41 is not specifically limited.

[0181] For example, the fourth radiating segment 522, the eighth radiating segment 542, and the fourth conductor 42 are integrally formed structures.

[0182] Figure 18 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 18 It shows Figure 16 This is one embodiment in which the first feed line 10, the first transmission line 30, a portion of the radiator 50, and the dielectric layer 60 are combined. For example... Figure 18 As shown, the first conductor 31, the second conductor 32, the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, the fifth radiating segment 531 and the seventh radiating segment 541 of the first transmission line 30 are all disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60.

[0183] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 The schematic structural diagram of the base station antenna 100 shown is viewed from another angle. Figure 19 It shows Figure 16 This is one embodiment of the second feed line 20, second transmission line 40, partial radiator 50, and dielectric layer 60 as shown. Figure 19 As shown, the third conductor 41, the fourth conductor 42, the second radiating segment 512, the fourth radiating segment 522, the sixth radiating segment 532 and the eighth radiating segment 542 of the second transmission line 40 are all disposed on the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60.

[0184] It is understood that by placing the first radiating segment 511 on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60 and the second radiating segment 512 on the second surface 512 of the dielectric layer 60, the first radiating segment 511 and the second radiating segment 512 are arranged in the thickness direction of the dielectric layer 60. Thus, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512 are positioned opposite each other in the thickness direction of the dielectric layer 60, i.e., vertically opposite each other. Similarly, the second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 can be vertically opposite to the first end 522a of the fourth radiating segment 522. The second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 can be vertically opposite to the first end 532a of the sixth radiating segment 532. The second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 can be vertically opposite to the first end 542a of the eighth radiating segment 542.

[0185] In this embodiment, the first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, the radiator 50, and the dielectric layer 60 of the base station antenna 100 can be a circuit board structure. In other embodiments, the base station antenna 100 may not include the dielectric layer 60. The first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, and the radiator 50 of the base station antenna 100 can be a pure metal (e.g., sheet metal) structure.

[0186] like Figure 18 and Figure 19 and combined Figure 17 As shown, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 is coupled to the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512. Thus, a signal can be transmitted from the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 to the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512. Similarly, a signal can be transmitted from the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512 to the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511. Furthermore, the second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 is coupled to the first end 522a of the fourth radiating segment 522. The second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 is coupled to the first end 532a of the sixth radiating segment 532. The second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 is coupled to the first end 542a of the eighth radiating segment 542.

[0187] In one embodiment, the thickness of the dielectric layer 60 (i.e., the distance between the first surface 61 and the second surface 62 of the dielectric layer 60) is in the range of 0 to 0.1λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the base station antenna 100. Thus, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 is strongly coupled to the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512, the second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 is strongly coupled to the first end 522a of the fourth radiating segment 522, the second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 is strongly coupled to the first end 532a of the sixth radiating segment 532, and the second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 is strongly coupled to the first end 542a of the eighth radiating segment 542.

[0188] like Figure 18 As shown, one of the feeding terminal 11 and the grounding terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the first conductor 31, and the other is electrically connected to the second conductor 32. The electrical connection method between the first feeder line and the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 of the first transmission line 30 can be referred to the electrical connection method between the first feeder line 10 and the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 in the above-described embodiment (see details). Figure 6 ), the specifics will not be elaborated here.

[0189] like Figure 19As shown, one of the feeding terminal 21 and the grounding terminal 22 of the second feeder line 20 is electrically connected to the third conductor 41, and the other is electrically connected to the fourth conductor 42. The electrical connection method between the second feeder line 20 and the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 of the second transmission line 40 can be referred to the electrical connection method between the second feeder line 20 and the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 in the above-described embodiment (see details). Figure 7 ), and I will not go into the details here.

[0190] In this embodiment, the base station antenna 100 can generate two polarizations. The currents of the two polarizations are the same as those of the two polarizations described in the previous embodiment (see details...). Figure 8 and Figure 9 The basic principles are the same. For details, please refer to the two polarizations of the current described in the above implementation method (see [link to implementation details]). Figure 8 and Figure 9 (This will not be elaborated upon here.)

[0191] For example, one of these two polarizations can be +45° polarization and the other can be -45° polarization.

[0192] In this embodiment, the base station antenna 100 can support low-frequency signals (e.g., frequencies in the range of 690MHz to 960MHz) and high-frequency signals (e.g., frequencies in the range of 1695MHz to 2700MHz). The base station antenna 100 can cover multiple frequency bands, meaning it can be well applied in multi-frequency band scenarios. It should be understood that the application of the base station antenna 100 in a specific frequency band can be achieved by adjusting the length and shape of the first radiating segment 511, the second radiating segment 512, the third radiating segment 521, the fourth radiating segment 522, the fifth radiating segment 531, the sixth radiating segment 532, the seventh radiating segment 541, and the eighth radiating segment 542.

[0193] Figure 20 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 20 It shows Figure 4 Another embodiment of the first feeder line 10, second feeder line 20, first transmission line 30, second transmission line 40, and radiator 50 shown. For example... Figure 20 As shown, the first radiating segment 511, the second radiating segment 512, the third radiating segment 521, the fourth radiating segment 522, the fifth radiating segment 531, the sixth radiating segment 532, the seventh radiating segment 541, and the eighth radiating segment 542 are all disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60. In other words, the radiator 50 of the base station antenna 100 is disposed on the first surface 61 of the dielectric layer 60.

[0194] In this embodiment, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512 are arranged opposite each other on the same plane of the dielectric layer 60, that is, they are arranged left and right opposite each other. Similarly, the second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 can be arranged opposite each other on the same plane with the first end 522a of the fourth radiating segment 522. The second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 can be arranged opposite each other on the same plane with the first end 532a of the sixth radiating segment 532. The second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 can be arranged opposite each other on the same plane with the first end 542a of the eighth radiating segment 542.

[0195] Furthermore, the second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 is coupled to the first end 512a of the second radiating segment 512. The second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 is coupled to the first end 522a of the fourth radiating segment 522. The second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 is coupled to the first end 532a of the sixth radiating segment 532. The second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 is coupled to the first end 542a of the eighth radiating segment 542.

[0196] In this embodiment, the configuration of the first transmission line 30 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 The configuration method for the first transmission line 30 is described below. The configuration method for the second transmission line 40 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The arrangement of the second transmission line 40. The electrical connection method between the first feeder line and the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 of the first transmission line 30 can be referred to the electrical connection method between the first feeder line 10 and the first conductor 31 and the second conductor 32 in the above-described embodiment (see details). Figure 6 The electrical connection method between the second feeder line 20 and the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 of the second transmission line 40 can be referred to the electrical connection method between the second feeder line 20 and the third conductor 41 and the fourth conductor 42 in the above-described embodiment (see details). Figure 7 ), the specifics will not be elaborated here.

[0197] In this embodiment, the first transmission line 30, the second transmission line 40, and the radiator 50 of the base station antenna 100 can be arranged on the same plane to a large extent, thereby greatly reducing the space occupied by the base station antenna 100 and simplifying the structure of the base station antenna 100.

[0198] The preceding text, with reference to the accompanying drawings, details several implementation methods of the base station antenna 100. All base station antennas 100 are dual-polarized antennas. The following text, with reference to the accompanying drawings, details several other implementation methods of the base station antenna 100. All base station antennas 100 are single-polarized antennas.

[0199] Figure 21This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 21 As shown, the base station antenna 100 includes a first transmission line 30 and a radiator 50. The first transmission line 30 includes first conductors 31 and second conductors 32 arranged at intervals and in parallel. The arrangement of the first transmission line 30 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 The configuration of the first transmission line 30 shown, or Figure 13 The configuration of the first transmission line 30 is shown. Details will not be elaborated here.

[0200] The radiator 50 includes a first radiating segment 511, a third radiating segment 521, a fifth radiating segment 531, and a seventh radiating segment 541.

[0201] The first radiating segment 511 includes a first end 511a and a second end 511b. The third radiating segment 521 also includes a first end 521a and a second end 521b. The first ends 511a of the first radiating segment 511 and the first ends 521a of the third radiating segment 521 can be disposed opposite to each other. The second end 511b of the first radiating segment 511 is located on the side of the first end 511a of the first radiating segment 511 that is away from the fifth radiating segment 531. The second end 521b of the third radiating segment 521 is located on the side of the first end 521a of the third radiating segment 521 that is away from the seventh radiating segment 541.

[0202] The fifth radiating segment 531 includes a first end 531a and a second end 531b. The seventh radiating segment 541 includes a first end 541a and a second end 541b. The first ends 531a of the fifth radiating segment 531 and the first ends 541a of the seventh radiating segment 541 can be disposed opposite to each other. The second end 531b of the fifth radiating segment 531 is located on the side of the first end 531a of the fifth radiating segment 531 away from the first radiating segment 511. The second end 541b of the seventh radiating segment 541 is located on the side of the first end 541a of the seventh radiating segment 541 away from the third radiating segment 521.

[0203] The first end 511a of the first radiating segment 511 is electrically connected to the first end 31a of the first conductor 31. The first end 521a of the third radiating segment 521 is electrically connected to the second end 31b of the first conductor 31. Thus, the second ends 511b of the first radiating segment 511 and the second ends 521b of the third radiating segment 521 are both located on the side of the first conductor 31 away from the second conductor 32.

[0204] Furthermore, the first end 531a of the fifth radiating segment 531 is electrically connected to the first end 32a of the second conductor 32. The first end 541a of the seventh radiating segment 541 is electrically connected to the second end 32b of the second conductor 32. Thus, the second ends 531b of both the fifth radiating segment 531 and the seventh radiating segment 541 are located on the side of the second conductor 32 away from the first conductor 31.

[0205] For example, the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, the fifth radiating segment 531, and the seventh radiating segment 541 can all be in a "strip" shape. The first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, the fifth radiating segment 531, and the seventh radiating segment 541 can generally form a square structure. In other embodiments, the radiator 50 can also take other shapes. For example... Figure 10 , Figure 11 as well as Figure 12 The shape shown is not specifically limited in this application.

[0206] The power supply network 10a includes a first feeder line 10. One of the feeder terminal 11 and the ground terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to a first conductor 31, and the other is electrically connected to a second conductor 32. In other words, when the feeder terminal 11 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the first conductor 31, the ground terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the second conductor 32. When the feeder terminal 11 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the second conductor 32, the ground terminal 12 of the first feeder line 10 is electrically connected to the first conductor 31.

[0207] Figure 22 yes Figure 21 The diagram shows a schematic structural view of the base station antenna 100 from another perspective. Or, to put it another way... Figure 22 yes Figure 21 The diagram shows a schematic structural representation of the base station antenna 100 from a top view. Figure 22 As shown, the angle between the first radiating segment 511 and the first conductor 31 toward the third radiating segment 521 is a first angle α1. The first angle α1 satisfies: 0° < a1 ≤ 90°. For example, the first angle α1 is equal to 45°. In this way, the arrangement of the first radiating segment 511 and the first conductor 31 is more compact, and the space occupied by the first radiating segment 511 and the first conductor 31 is less. For example, the first angle α can also satisfy: 0° < a1 ≤ 45°.

[0208] In other embodiments, the first angle a1 may also be greater than 90°.

[0209] In this embodiment, the angle between the third radiating segment 521 and the first conductor 31 toward the first radiating segment 511 is a third angle b1. The third angle b1 satisfies: 0° < b1 ≤ 90°. For example, the third angle b1 is equal to 45°. This results in a more compact arrangement of the third radiating segment 521 and the first conductor 31, occupying less space. For example, the third angle b1 can also satisfy: 0° < b1 ≤ 45°.

[0210] In other embodiments, the third angle b1 may also be greater than 90°.

[0211] In this embodiment, the angle between the fifth radiating segment 531 and the second conductor 32 toward the seventh radiating segment 541 is a fifth angle c1. The fifth angle c1 satisfies: 0° < c1 ≤ 90°. For example, the fifth angle c1 is equal to 45°. Thus, the arrangement of the fifth radiating segment 531 and the second conductor 32 is more compact, and the space occupied by the fifth radiating segment 531 and the second conductor 32 is less. For example, the fifth angle c1 can also satisfy: 0° < c1 ≤ 45°.

[0212] In other embodiments, the fifth angle c1 may also be greater than 90°.

[0213] In this embodiment, the angle between the seventh radiating segment 541 and the second conductor 32 toward the fifth radiating segment 531 is the seventh angle d1. The seventh angle d1 satisfies: 0° < d1 ≤ 90°. For example, the seventh angle d1 is equal to 45°. In this way, the arrangement of the seventh radiating segment 541 and the second conductor 32 is more compact, and the space occupied by the seventh radiating segment 541 and the second conductor 32 is less. For example, the seventh angle d1 can also satisfy: 0° < d1 ≤ 45°.

[0214] In other embodiments, the seventh angle d1 may also be greater than 90°.

[0215] In this embodiment, the base station antenna 100 is a single-polarization antenna, meaning that the base station antenna 100 can generate one polarization. For example, +45° polarization or -45° polarization.

[0216] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the first end 511a of the first radiating segment 511 is electrically connected to the first end 521a of the third radiating segment 521 via the first conductor 31, and the first end 531a of the fifth radiating segment 531 is electrically connected to the first end 541a of the seventh radiating segment 541 via the second conductor 32. Thus, the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, and the first conductor 31 can form a single unit, and the fifth radiating segment 531, the seventh radiating segment 541, and the second conductor 32 can form a single unit. Furthermore, the first conductor 31 is electrically connected via one of the feed terminal 11 and the ground terminal 12 of the first feed line 10, and the second conductor 32 is electrically connected via the other. This allows the first feed line 10 to supply power to the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, the fifth radiating segment 531, and the seventh radiating segment 541, thereby exciting two dipoles in each segment. One dipole is excited by the first radiating segment 511 and the fifth radiating segment 531. The other dipole is excited by the third radiating segment 521 and the seventh radiating segment 541. It is understood that when these two dipoles are in phase, they can superimpose in the far field, thereby increasing the antenna gain of the base station antenna 100. In this way, the base station antenna 100 can produce the effect of a two-element array antenna. Simultaneously, under the feeding of the first feed line 10, the first radiating segment 511, the third radiating segment 521, the fifth radiating segment 531, and the seventh radiating segment 541 can generate a polarization. The feeding structure of the base station antenna 100 in this embodiment is relatively simple and requires less cost.

[0217] Figure 23 This is a schematic structural diagram of another base station antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 23 As shown, the first angle α is greater than 90°, the third angle b1 is greater than 90°, the fifth angle c1 is greater than 90°, and the seventh angle d1 is greater than 90°. It should be understood that the base station antenna 100 in this embodiment is also a single-polarized antenna, meaning that the base station antenna 100 can generate one polarization. For example, +45° polarization or -45° polarization.

[0218] In this embodiment, by spreading the first radiating segment 511 and the fifth radiating segment 531 away from the first transmission line 30, and spreading the third radiating segment 521 and the seventh radiating segment 541 away from the first transmission line 30, the antenna performance of the base station antenna 100 can be improved.

[0219] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A base station antenna (100), characterized in that, It includes a power supply network (10a), a first transmission line (30), a second transmission line (40), and a radiator (50); The first transmission line (30) and the second transmission line (40) are spaced apart and intersected. The first transmission line (30) includes a first conductor (31) and a second conductor (32) arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The second transmission line (40) includes a third conductor (41) and a fourth conductor (42) arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The radiator (50) includes a first radiating arm (51), a second radiating arm (52), a third radiating arm (53), and a fourth radiating arm (54). The first end (51a) of the first radiating arm (51) is electrically connected to the first end (31a) of the first conductor (31), and the second end (51b) of the first radiating arm (51) is electrically connected to the first end (41a) of the third conductor (41). The first end (52a) of the second radiating arm (52) is electrically connected to the second end (31b) of the first conductor (31), and the second end (54) of the second radiating arm (52) is electrically connected to the second end (52a) of the first conductor (31). 2b) The first end (42a) of the fourth conductor (42) is electrically connected, the first end (53a) of the third radiating arm (53) is electrically connected to the first end (32a) of the second conductor (32), the second end (53b) of the third radiating arm (53) is electrically connected to the second end (41b) of the third conductor (41), the first end (54a) of the fourth radiating arm (54) is electrically connected to the second end (32b) of the second conductor (32), and the second end (54b) of the fourth radiating arm (54) is electrically connected to the second end (42b) of the fourth conductor (42). The power supply network (10a) includes a first feeder line (10) and a second feeder line (20). One of the feeder end (11) and the ground end (12) of the first feeder line (10) is electrically connected to the first conductor (31), and the other is electrically connected to the second conductor (32). One of the feeder end (21) and the ground end (22) of the second feeder line (20) is electrically connected to the third conductor (41), and the other is electrically connected to the fourth conductor (42). The first radiating arm (51) is an integrally formed structural component, or the first radiating arm (51) includes a first radiating segment (511) and a second radiating segment (512). The first radiating segment (511) includes a first end (511a) and a second end (511b). The second radiating segment (512) includes a first end (512a) and a second end (512b). The first end (511a) of the first radiating segment (511) is the first end (51a) of the first radiating arm (51), and the second end (512b) of the second radiating segment (512) is the second end (51b) of the first radiating arm (511). The second end (511b) of the first radiating segment (511) is coupled to the first end (512a) of the second radiating segment (512).

2. The base station antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the first radiating arm (51) and the first wire (31) toward the second radiating arm (52) is a first angle a1, which satisfies: 0°<a1≤90°.

3. The base station antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the power supply terminal (11) of the first power supply line (10) and the ground terminal (12) of the first power supply line (10) is electrically connected to the middle part (31c) of the first conductor (31), and the other is electrically connected to the middle part (32c) of the second conductor (32).

4. The base station antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Both the first feeder line (10) and the second feeder line (20) include coaxial cables, microstrip lines or balun transmission lines.

5. The base station antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base station antenna (100) includes a dielectric layer (60), which includes a first surface (61) and a second surface (62) disposed opposite to each other. The first radiating arm (51), the second radiating arm (52), the third radiating arm (53), the fourth radiating arm (54), the first conductor (31), and the second conductor (32) are all located on the first surface (61).

6. The base station antenna (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third conductor (41) includes a first part (411), a second part (412), a third part (413), a fourth part (414), and a fifth part (415) connected in sequence. The end of the first part (411) away from the second part (412) is the first end (41a) of the third conductor (41), and the end of the fifth part (415) away from the fourth part (414) is the second end (41b) of the third conductor (41). The first part (411) and the fifth part (415) are both located on the first surface (61), the second part (412) and the fourth part (414) are both located between the first surface (61) and the second surface (62), and the third part (413) is located on the second surface (62). The second feed line (20) is located on the side of the second surface (62) away from the first surface (61), and the feed end (21) of the second feed line (20) or the ground end (22) of the second feed line (20) is electrically connected to the third part (413).

7. The base station antenna (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dielectric layer (60) is provided with a through hole (63), which penetrates the first surface (61) and the second surface (62); the power supply end (11) of the first power supply wire (10) and the grounding end (12) of the first power supply wire (10) pass through the through hole (63) from the side of the second surface (62) away from the first surface (61), and one of the power supply end (11) and the grounding end (12) of the first power supply wire (10) is electrically connected to the first conductor (31), and the other is electrically connected to the second conductor (32).

8. The base station antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base station antenna (100) includes a dielectric layer (60), which includes a first surface (61) and a second surface (62) disposed opposite to each other. The first radiating segment (511) is located on the first surface (61), and the second radiating segment (512) is located on the second surface (62).

9. The base station antenna (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first conductor (31) is located on the first surface (61), and the first radiating segment (511) and the first conductor (31) are integrally formed structural components.

10. The base station antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first radiating arm (51), the second radiating arm (52), the third radiating arm (53), and the fourth radiating arm (54) are centrally symmetrical structures.

11. The base station antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base station antenna (100) includes a reflector (70), and the first transmission line (30), the second transmission line (40) and the radiator (50) are all located on one side of the reflector (70).

12. The base station antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The base station antenna (100) includes an antenna radome (80), and the feed network (10a), the first transmission line (30), the second transmission line (40) and the radiator (50) are all located inside the antenna radome (80).

13. A base station (1), characterized in that, It includes a radio frequency processing unit (500) and a base station antenna (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the radio frequency processing unit (500) is electrically connected to the base station antenna (100).

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