A cross-shaped stacked metamaterial resonator antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a cross-shaped superlattice dielectric resonator antenna, belonging to the technical field of metamaterial antennas, and aims at solving the problems of complex antenna structure design and high economic cost of existing dielectric resonator antennas in realizing circular polarization and high frequency bands. The cross-shaped superlattice structure is arranged on a ground plane of a dielectric substrate, and is formed by stacking a plurality of cross-shaped dielectric resonators. A foam layer is filled between every two cross-shaped dielectric resonators. The center lines of the long axis and the short axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator are respectively coincident with two diagonal lines of the dielectric substrate. The antenna circular polarization effect is realized by using a multi-layer superlattice dielectric resonator structure and a simple structure through a slot coupling mode, the antenna radiation efficiency is effectively improved, the design freedom is improved, the antenna polarization cost is reduced, and the application value is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metamaterial antenna technology and relates to a cross-shaped stacked metadielectric resonator antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, antennas, as a crucial core component in wireless communication systems, are widely used in telecommunications systems, satellite communications, the Internet of Things (IoT), radio frequency identification (RFID), remote sensing, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, and various smart terminals. As important transmitting and receiving devices in wireless communication equipment, antennas face significant challenges in achieving high performance and performance indicators. Currently, the performance requirements for antennas mainly focus on low power consumption, multi-bandwidth, miniaturization, and circular polarization. Researchers have conducted in-depth research and applications of microstrip antennas, which are lightweight, have low profiles, and stable radiation patterns. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN104701628B discloses a broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna that widens the antenna's bandwidth by changing the current path to excite a new resonant frequency. However, as the frequency of the microstrip antenna increases, the surface wave loss gradually increases, severely affecting the microstrip antenna, reducing its operating efficiency, and hindering research on high-frequency microstrip antennas.

[0003] Dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) can overcome the shortcomings of microstrip antennas in this regard. Dielectric resonators are composed of microwave dielectric materials, eliminating surface wave losses and achieving high radiation efficiency even at high frequencies. DRAs offer the following key advantages: a wide variety of antenna shapes and selectable dielectric constants; no metallic or surface wave losses; diverse feeding methods and easy impedance matching; and low sensitivity to manufacturing errors.

[0004] The development of dielectric resonator antennas has considerable academic and practical application value. At present, there are few designs for dielectric resonator antennas, and in order to meet the requirements of low power consumption, multiple frequency bands and circular polarization, the antenna structure design is often complicated, resulting in high economic costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of complex antenna structure design and high cost in existing dielectric resonator antennas when achieving circular polarization and high frequency bands.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna, characterized in that it comprises: a dielectric substrate, a rectangular microstrip line, a rectangular slot, a cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure, and an excitation port;

[0008] The front side of the dielectric substrate is the ground plane, which is entirely copper-clad. The cross-shaped super dielectric stack structure is disposed on the ground plane of the dielectric substrate. The cross-shaped super dielectric stack structure is formed by stacking multiple cross-shaped dielectric resonators. A foam layer is filled between every two cross-shaped dielectric resonators. The center lines of the major axis and minor axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator coincide with the two diagonals of the dielectric substrate, respectively.

[0009] The rectangular slot is located at the center of the dielectric substrate ground plane. The center line of the cross-shaped metadielectric stack structure in the x-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot in the x-axis direction, and the center line of the cross-shaped metadielectric stack structure in the y-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot in the y-axis direction.

[0010] The rectangular microstrip line is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The projection of the rectangular microstrip line and the rectangular slot on the back side of the dielectric substrate intersects perpendicularly. One end of the rectangular microstrip line is aligned with the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate and serves as the excitation port of the antenna. The other end of the rectangular microstrip line extends past the rectangular slot toward the top edge of the substrate.

[0011] Furthermore, the working principle of the antenna is as follows: the feed signal is input from the excitation port and conducted to the rectangular slot through the rectangular microstrip line. The rectangular slot conducts the feed signal to the cross-shaped metadielectric stacked structure through spatial coupling, and radiates electromagnetic waves in a specific direction through the cross-shaped dielectric resonator.

[0012] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is square with a side length of 13.125 mm, a thickness of 0.66675 mm, and a dielectric constant of 10.2.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-shaped dielectric resonator is tilted 45° to the left or right, has a thickness of 1 mm, a dielectric constant of 10.8, a loss tangent of 0.027, and a vertical spacing of 0.2 mm between every two cross-shaped dielectric resonators.

[0014] Furthermore, the short axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator has a narrow side length of 0.742 mm and a long side length of 2.616 mm; the long axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator has a narrow side that is arc-shaped, with a narrow side length of 0.742 mm and a long side length of 4.349 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the narrow side length of the rectangular microstrip line is 0.16625 mm, and the long side length is 6.825 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the narrow side of the rectangular slit has a length of 0.2625 mm, and the long side has a length of 0.9 mm.

[0017] The advantages of this invention are as follows: the feed signal is input from the excitation port and conducted to the rectangular slot through a rectangular microstrip line, and then conducted to the cross-shaped metadielectric stacked structure through spatial coupling. Electromagnetic waves are radiated in a specific direction through the cross-shaped dielectric resonator. By using a multilayer metadielectric resonator structure and achieving the antenna circular polarization effect with a simple structure through slot coupling, the antenna radiation efficiency is effectively improved, the antenna's sensitivity to azimuth is reduced, the design freedom is increased, and the antenna polarization cost is reduced, which has high application value. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back side of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the axial ratio bandwidth of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the angles in the vertical and azimuth planes are both 0°.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the axial ratio bandwidth of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the azimuth angle is 0°.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the axial ratio bandwidth of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna of Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the azimuth angle is 90°.

[0024] Figure 7 The image shows the S-parameters of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10, a rectangular microstrip line 11, a rectangular slot 12, a cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure 13, and an excitation port 14.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an xyz spatial rectangular coordinate system is set. In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 10 of the antenna is parallel to the xoy plane of the spatial rectangular coordinate system.

[0030] The front side of the dielectric substrate 10 is the ground plane, which is entirely copper-clad. The dielectric substrate 10 is square with a side length of 13.125 mm, a thickness of 0.66675 mm, and a dielectric constant of 10.2. The front side of the dielectric substrate 10 is the plane corresponding to the positive z-axis direction.

[0031] In this embodiment, the cross-shaped superdielectric stack structure 13 is disposed on the ground surface of the dielectric substrate 10. The cross-shaped superdielectric stack structure 13 is formed by stacking four cross-shaped dielectric resonators. A foam layer is filled between every two cross-shaped dielectric resonators. The thickness of a single cross-shaped dielectric resonator is 1 mm, the dielectric constant is 10.8, the loss tangent is 0.027, and the vertical spacing between every two cross-shaped dielectric resonators is 0.2 mm.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cross-shaped stacked dielectric resonator antenna. In this embodiment, the long axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator is tilted to the left at 45°. The center lines of the long axis and short axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator coincide with the two diagonals of the dielectric substrate 10, respectively. The short axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator is rectangular, with a narrow side length of 0.742 mm and a long side length of 2.616 mm. The long axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator is composed of a rectangle and two arcs. The narrow sides at both ends of the long axis are arcs, with a narrow side length of 0.742 mm and a long side length of 4.349 mm.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back side of a cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna. The rectangular slot 12 is located at the center of the ground plane of the dielectric substrate 10. The center line of the cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure 13 in the x-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot 12 in the x-axis direction. The center line of the cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure 13 in the y-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot 12 in the y-axis direction. The narrow side length of the rectangular slot 12 along the x-axis direction is 0.2625 mm, and the long side length along the y-axis direction is 0.9 mm.

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, a rectangular microstrip line 11 is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate 10. The rectangular microstrip line 11 and the rectangular slot 12 are perpendicularly intersected by the projection of the rectangular microstrip line 11 onto the back side of the dielectric substrate 10. One end of the rectangular microstrip line 11 is aligned with the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate 10 and serves as the excitation port 14 of the antenna. The other end of the rectangular microstrip line 11 extends past the rectangular slot 12 toward the top edge of the substrate 10. The narrow side length of the rectangular microstrip line 11 along the y-axis is 0.16625 mm, and the long side length along the x-axis is 6.825 mm.

[0035] In this embodiment, the working principle of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna is as follows:

[0036] The feed signal is input from the excitation port 14 and conducted through the rectangular microstrip line 11 to the rectangular slot 12. The rectangular slot 12 serves as the coupling medium between the rectangular microstrip line 11 and the cross-shaped dielectric resonator, and conducts the feed signal through spatial coupling to the cross-shaped metadielectric stacked structure 13. The electromagnetic wave is radiated in a specific direction through the cross-shaped dielectric resonator, realizing left-hand circular polarization radiation and effectively improving the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0037] Figure 4 The axial ratio bandwidth curve of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna at frequencies from 40 to 62 GHz is shown when the angles of the vertical plane Theta and the azimuth plane Phi are both 0°.

[0038] Figure 5 The axial ratio bandwidth curve of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna at 52 GHz is shown when the azimuth angle Phi is 0°.

[0039] Figure 6 The axial ratio bandwidth curve of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna at 52 GHz is shown when the azimuth angle Phi is 90°.

[0040] Figure 7 The S-parameter plot of the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna at 52 GHz is shown.

[0041] like Figures 4-7 As shown in the figure, the cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna of this embodiment achieves the effect of circular polarization with a simple structure, effectively improving the antenna radiation efficiency, reducing the antenna's sensitivity to azimuth, increasing design freedom, reducing antenna polarization cost, and improving the application value of circularly polarized antennas.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Figures 1 to 3The cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure 13 in this embodiment is tilted 45° to the right, and the antenna achieves right-hand circular polarization radiation. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure 13 in this embodiment is tilted 45° to the right, and the antenna achieves right-hand circular polarization radiation, radiating electromagnetic waves in a specific direction through the cross-shaped dielectric resonator.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna, characterized in that, include: Dielectric substrate (10), rectangular microstrip line (11), rectangular slot (12), cross-shaped superdielectric stack structure (13), excitation port (14); The front side of the dielectric substrate (10) is the ground plane, and the ground plane is entirely covered with copper. The cross-shaped super dielectric stack structure (13) is disposed on the ground plane of the dielectric substrate (10). The cross-shaped super dielectric stack structure (13) is formed by stacking multiple cross-shaped dielectric resonators. A foam layer is filled between every two cross-shaped dielectric resonators. The center lines of the major axis and minor axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator coincide with the two diagonals of the dielectric substrate (10). The rectangular slot (12) is located at the center of the ground plane of the dielectric substrate (10). The center line of the cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure (13) in the x-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot (12) in the x-axis direction, and the center line of the cross-shaped superdielectric stacked structure (13) in the y-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot (12) in the y-axis direction. The rectangular microstrip line (11) is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate (10). The projection of the rectangular microstrip line (11) and the rectangular slot (12) on the back side of the dielectric substrate (10) intersects perpendicularly. One end of the rectangular microstrip line (11) is aligned with the bottom edge of the dielectric substrate (10) and serves as the excitation port (14) of the antenna. The other end of the rectangular microstrip line (11) extends across the rectangular slot (12) toward the top edge of the substrate (10).

2. The cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working principle of the antenna is as follows: the feed signal is input from the excitation port (14) and transmitted to the rectangular slot (12) through the rectangular microstrip line (11). The rectangular slot (12) transmits the feed signal to the cross-shaped metadielectric stacked structure (13) through spatial coupling, and radiates electromagnetic waves in a specific direction through the cross-shaped dielectric resonator.

3. The cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate (10) is square with a side length of 13.125 mm, a thickness of 0.66675 mm, and a dielectric constant of 10.

2.

4. The cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-shaped dielectric resonator is tilted 45° to the left or right, has a thickness of 1 mm, a dielectric constant of 10.8, a loss tangent of 0.027, and a vertical spacing of 0.2 mm between every two cross-shaped dielectric resonators.

5. The cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator has a narrow side length of 0.742 mm and a long side length of 2.616 mm; the long axis of the cross-shaped dielectric resonator has a narrow side that is arc-shaped, with a narrow side length of 0.742 mm and a long side length of 4.349 mm.

6. The cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The narrow side of the rectangular microstrip line (11) is 0.16625 mm and the long side is 6.825 mm.

7. The cross-shaped stacked superdielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The narrow side of the rectangular slit (12) is 0.2625 mm long and the long side is 0.9 mm long.

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