An electromagnetic energy trap driven by a spring-loaded ejector

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of micro-energy and environmental energy harvesting technology, and relates to an electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejector. It includes a first linear bearing, a driving linear guide rail passing through the first linear bearing, a force-bearing side plate connected to one side of the driving linear guide rail, and a cylindrical magnet slot connected to the other side, in which a driving magnet is embedded. A driven linear guide rail passes through a second linear bearing, a cylindrical magnet slot connected to one side of the driven linear guide rail, in which a driven magnet is embedded, with the opposite magnetic pole face of the driven magnet facing the driving magnet. A rack mechanism is connected to the other side of the driven linear guide rail. The rack mechanism meshes with a ratchet and pawl, and the ratchet of the ratchet and pawl is sleeved on a central rotating shaft. The central rotating shaft is embedded in the energy harvester housing and coaxially connected to the rotor. The rotor is coaxially connected to the stator and installed inside the energy harvester housing. The rotor magnets on the outer side of the rotor have radially arranged magnetic poles. Induction coils are connected in series on the outer side of the stator. This invention can effectively harvest energy from low-frequency and ultra-low-frequency excitations in the environment and efficiently convert this energy into electrical energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of micro-energy and environmental energy harvesting technology, specifically relating to an electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejector. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), large-scale integrated circuit (LSI) technology, and wireless Internet of Things (IoT) technology, researchers have developed and applied many low-power electronic devices. Because these devices consume power down to the milliwatt level, they can operate independently of the power grid with the support of batteries. While traditional electrochemical batteries can maintain the normal operation of these devices, they suffer from drawbacks such as limited energy storage, severe environmental pollution, and high maintenance costs. A feasible alternative to electrochemical batteries is environmental energy harvesting technology, which converts energy from the environment (noise, light, heat, vibration, etc.) into electrical energy to power low-power electronic devices. Environmental energy harvesting technology can solve the energy problem of low-power electronic devices to a certain extent, and even realize self-powered, self-sustaining micro-systems.

[0003] Among various collectable environmental energy sources, the mechanical energy provided by flow (such as wind and water), vibration (such as railway and bridge vibration), and oscillation (such as human swaying and tides) is widely distributed in nature and has become the main target of existing environmental energy harvesting equipment. Against this technological backdrop, in recent years, a large number of energy harvesters and triboelectric nanogenerators based on the principles of electromagnetic induction and piezoelectric effect have emerged. These can convert the mechanical energy of moving objects in the environment (mechanical vibration, oscillation, rotational motion, and linear reciprocating motion) into electrical energy, providing power for various low-power electronic devices.

[0004] A typical electromagnetic energy harvester is exemplified by the article "A novel vibration energy harvester based on eccentric semicircular rotor for self-powered applications in wildlife monitoring" published by Hexiang Zhang, Xiaoping Wu, Yajia Pan, Ali Azam, and Zutao Zhang in *Energy Conversion and Management*, 247(2021):114674. This paper designs and develops an eccentric semicircular rotor that converts the mechanical oscillation caused by the shift in the center of gravity during wildlife movement into the rotor's rotational (reciprocating) motion. Because magnets are mounted on the rotor, the magnetic flux in the stator coils changes during the rotor's rotation or reciprocating motion, thereby generating electrical energy output in the coils.

[0005] A typical piezoelectric energy harvester is exemplified by the article "Design and experiment of a low frequency non-contact rotary piezoelectric energy harvester excited by magnetic coupling" published by Lei Liu, Lipeng He, Xuejin Liu, Yuhang Han, Baoyu Sun, and Guangming Cheng in *Energy* 258(2022):124882. This paper utilizes the magnetic coupling between the rotating magnet and the end magnet of the cantilever beam to convert low-frequency rotational motion into high-frequency vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, thereby harvesting energy using the piezoelectric effect.

[0006] A typical example of a triboelectric nanogenerator is the one described in the article "High performance floating self-excited sliding triboelectric nanogenerator for micro mechanical energy harvesting" published in *Nature Communications* (2021) 12:4689 by Li Long, Wenlin Liu, Zhao Wang, Wencong He, Gui Li, Qian Tang, Hengyu Guo, Xianjie Pu, Yike Liu, and Chenguo Hu. This article proposes a floating self-excited sliding triboelectric nanogenerator that achieves self-increased charge density through self-excitation amplification between the rotor and stator. This energy harvester uses a wind cup as a trigger mechanism to collect wind energy from the environment. When there is wind, relative sliding occurs between the stator and rotor electrodes, thereby generating electrical energy in the external circuit.

[0007] The above-mentioned energy harvesters are characterized by converting various low-frequency and ultra-low-frequency mechanical motions from the external environment into high-frequency vibrations of the power generation unit or low-speed reciprocating rotation (oscillation) of the rotor. Although these energy harvesters have the advantages of simple structure and low cost, they still have disadvantages such as poor environmental adaptability, low output power, and high resonant frequency, and cannot effectively harvest energy from low-frequency and ultra-low-frequency excitations in the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide an electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejector, which can effectively collect energy from low-frequency and ultra-low-frequency excitations in the environment and convert it into electrical energy.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] An electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejector includes a first linear bearing, a driving linear guide rail passing through the first linear bearing, a force-bearing side plate connected to one side of the driving linear guide rail, and a cylindrical magnet slot connected to the other side, in which a driving magnet is embedded; a driven linear guide rail passing through a second linear bearing, a cylindrical magnet slot connected to one side of the driven linear guide rail, in which a driven magnet is embedded, the opposite magnetic pole face of the driven magnet facing the driving magnet so that an attraction is generated between the two, and a rack mechanism connected to the other side of the driven linear guide rail;

[0011] The rack and pinion mechanism engages with a ratchet and pawl, with the ratchet of the ratchet and pawl sleeved on the central rotating shaft. The central rotating shaft is embedded in the energy trap housing and coaxially connected to the rotor. The rotor is coaxially connected to the stator and installed inside the energy trap housing. Rotor magnets are arranged on the outside of the rotor, with the magnetic poles of the rotor magnets arranged radially. Induction coils are set on the outside of the stator, with the winding directions of the induction coils being consistent and connected in series.

[0012] The force-bearing side plate, the first linear bearing, the driving linear guide, the cylindrical magnet slot, and the driving magnet are sequentially connected and arranged on the left column of the support base. The driven magnet, the cylindrical magnet slot, the second linear bearing, the driven linear guide, the spring, and the rack mechanism are sequentially connected and arranged on the right column. The top of the left column has a first through hole, in which the first linear bearing is fitted. The top of the right column has a second through hole, in which the second linear bearing is fitted.

[0013] The right column has a cylindrical groove on the right side that is coaxial with the second through hole, and the cylindrical groove is fitted onto one side of the spring; the rack mechanism has a first cylindrical groove on the left side that is coaxial with the second through hole of the column, and the other side of the spring is fitted into the first cylindrical groove.

[0014] The left and right columns are mounted on a support base, which includes a base plate consisting of a long strip structure on the left and a square structure on the right. The left and right columns are mounted on the upper surface of the long strip structure.

[0015] The first through hole is located above the left column; the second through hole is located above the right column, and there is a cylindrical groove on the right side of the right column that is coaxial with the second through hole; four screw holes are arrayed at the four corners of the square structure surface; the power generation unit is installed on the square structure, and the power generation unit is composed of a ratchet pawl, a rotor, a central rotating shaft, a stator, and an energy trap housing connected coaxially in sequence.

[0016] The force-bearing side plate is based on a cylinder, and there is a first boss on one side of the force-bearing side plate, with a cylindrical groove on the first boss; the driving linear guide is coaxially embedded in the cylindrical groove.

[0017] The cylindrical magnet slot includes a large cylinder and a small cylinder that are coaxially connected. The small cylinder has a first cylindrical groove that is coaxial with it, and a driving linear guide or a driven linear guide is embedded in the first cylindrical groove. The large cylinder has a second cylindrical groove that is coaxial with it, and a driving magnet or a driven magnet is embedded in the second cylindrical groove.

[0018] The rack mechanism includes a base, a first cylindrical groove, a protrusion, a second cylindrical groove, and a rack; one side of the spring is sleeved inside the first cylindrical groove; one side of the driven linear bearing is embedded in the second cylindrical groove; the rack and ratchet mesh together; one side of the spring is embedded in the cylindrical groove of the support base, and the other side is embedded in the first cylindrical groove of the rack mechanism; the inside of the spring passes through the driven linear guide.

[0019] The rotor includes a rotor annular groove, ratchet teeth, a first through hole, a first protrusion, and a bearing groove; the first through hole is provided at the center of the rotor, and the central rotating shaft passes through the first through hole; one side of the rotor is a ratchet tooth, and the other side is a bearing groove, the outside of the bearing groove is a first protrusion, and the bearing groove is fitted with a rotor bearing; several rotor annular grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the rotor; the rotor magnets are embedded in the rotor annular grooves; the polarization direction of the rotor magnets is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor.

[0020] The stator includes a large cylinder, a stator protrusion shaft, and a coil baffle; the stator protrusion shaft is stretched on the outside of the large cylinder, and the coil baffle is connected on the outside of the stator protrusion shaft; the induction coil is wound on the stator protrusion shaft; there are several induction coils, all of which are wound in the same direction and connected in series.

[0021] The energy harvester housing includes a first groove, a central boss, a boss shaft, a second groove, two small through holes, and four screw holes. The stator and rotor are installed inside the first groove. The boss shaft is located at the center of the first groove, and the second groove is located at the center of the boss shaft. A rotor bearing is sleeved on the boss shaft, and the central shaft is embedded inside the second groove. There are two small through holes at the bottom of the first groove, which are used to lead out the induction coil connector. The four screw holes are arrayed on the surface and are coaxially connected to the screw holes on the base to fix the power generation unit.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] (1) The present invention drives the rotor to rotate through a magnetically coupled ejection drive structure; its structure is simple, reliable, easy to process and low in cost.

[0024] (2) This invention is not limited by the external resonant frequency working conditions. Any external excitation of amplitude and frequency can drive the rotor to rotate at high speed through the storage and release of the elastic potential energy of the spring, thus the working frequency is wide.

[0025] (3) The present invention can convert ultra-low frequency vibration, oscillation or reciprocating motion in the natural environment into high-speed rotational motion of the rotor, thereby greatly improving the output power and efficiency of the energy harvester. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural breakdown of an example of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting base structure.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing side plate structure.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical magnet slot structure.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a rack and pinion mechanism.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the energy trap's outer casing structure.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1An exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention is provided, which includes at least a support base 1, a force-bearing side plate 2, a first linear bearing 3-1, a drive linear guide rail 4-1, a first cylindrical magnet slot 5-1, a drive magnet 6-1, a driven magnet 6-2, a second cylindrical magnet slot 5-2, a second linear bearing 3-2, a driven linear guide rail 4-2, a rotor bearing 3-3, a spring 7, a rack and pinion mechanism 8, a ratchet and pawl 9, a rotor 10, a rotor magnet 6-3, a central rotating shaft 11, a stator 12, an induction coil 13, and an energy harvester housing 14; the left column of the support base 1 is sequentially connected to the force-bearing side plate 2, the first linear bearing 3-1, the drive linear guide rail 4-1, the first cylindrical magnet slot 5-1, and the drive magnet 6-1; the... The right column of the support base 1 is sequentially connected to a driven magnet 6-2, a second cylindrical magnet slot 5-2, a second linear bearing 3-2, a driven linear guide rail 4-2, a spring 7, and a rack and pinion mechanism 8. A power generation unit is installed on the right side of the support base 1. The power generation unit consists of a ratchet and pawl 9, a rotor 10, a central shaft 11, a stator 12, and an energy harvester housing 14, all coaxially connected in sequence. The support base 1 has two columns. The left column 1-2-1 has a first through hole 1-3-1 at its top, with the first linear bearing 3-1 fitted inside. The right column 1-2-2 has a second through hole 1-3-2 at its top, with the second linear bearing 3-2 fitted inside. The driving linear guide rail 4-1 passes through the first... Linear bearing 3-1 connects to the force-bearing side plate 2 on the left side of the driving linear guide and to the first cylindrical magnet slot 5-1 on the right side, where a driving magnet 6-1 is embedded. Driven linear guide 4-2 passes through the second linear bearing 3-2 and connects to the second cylindrical magnet slot 5-2 on the left side, where a driven magnet 6-2 is embedded (with opposite magnetic poles facing the driving magnet to create an attraction). A rack mechanism 8 connects to the right side of the driven linear guide 4-2. The right side of the support base 1 has a cylindrical groove 1-4 coaxial with the second through hole 1-3-2 on the right side of the column 1-3-2, which is fitted onto one side of the spring 7. The rack mechanism 8 has a... A spring is fitted into the other side of a first cylindrical groove 8-2 coaxial with the second through hole 1-3-2 of the column; the rack mechanism 8 meshes with a ratchet pawl 9, and the ratchet 9-1 is fitted onto the central rotating shaft 10; the central rotating shaft 10 is embedded in the second groove 14-4 of the energy trap housing 14 and coaxially connected with the rotor 10; a rotor bearing 3-3 is fitted onto the lower side of the rotor 9, and the rotor bearing 3-3 is fitted onto the boss rotating shaft 14-3 at the center of the energy trap housing 14; the rotor 10 is coaxially connected to the stator 12 and installed inside the energy trap housing 14; the rotor magnet 6-3 is embedded in the rotor groove 10-1, with the magnetic poles arranged radially; the induction coil 13 is wound around the stator boss shaft 12-2 and connected in series.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, the support base 1 includes a base plate 1-1, a left column 1-2-1, a first through hole 1-3-1, a right column 1-2-2, a second through hole 1-3-2, a cylindrical groove 1-4, and four screw holes 1-5. The left column 1-2-1 and the right column 1-2-2 are located on the left side of the base plate 1-1. The first through hole 1-3-1 is located at the top of the left column 1-2-1. The second through hole 1-3-2 is located at the top of the right column 1-2-2, and there is a cylindrical groove 1-4 on the right side of the right column 1-2-2 that is coaxial with the second through hole 1-3-2. The four screw holes 1-5 are arranged on the right side of the base plate 1-1.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the force-bearing side plate 2 is based on a cylinder, and there is a first boss 2-1 on one side of the force-bearing side plate 2. There is a cylindrical groove 2-2 on the first boss 2-1; the driving linear guide rail 4-1 is coaxially embedded in the cylindrical groove 2-2.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the cylindrical magnet groove 5 is in the shape of a large cylinder 5-3 and a small cylinder 5-1 connected coaxially; the small cylinder 5-1 has a first cylindrical groove 5-2 coaxial with it, in which a driving linear guide 4-1 or a driven linear guide 4-2 is embedded; the large cylinder 5-3 has a second cylindrical groove coaxial with it, in which a driving magnet 6-1 or a driven magnet 6-2 is embedded.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the rack mechanism 8 includes a base 8-1, a first cylindrical groove 8-2, a protrusion 8-3, a second cylindrical groove 8-4, and a rack 8-5; one side of the spring 7 is sleeved inside the first cylindrical groove; one side of the driven linear bearing 4-2 is embedded in the second cylindrical groove 8-4; the rack 8-5 and the ratchet 9-1 are engaged together.

[0041] The spring 7 is embedded in the cylindrical groove 1-4 of the support base 1 on one side and in the first cylindrical groove 8-2 of the rack mechanism 8 on the other side; the spring 7 passes through the driven linear guide 4-2 inside.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the rotor 10 includes a rotor annular groove 10-1, a ratchet 10-2, a first through hole 10-3, a first protrusion 10-4, and a bearing groove 10-5; the rotor has a first through hole 10-3 at its center, and the central rotating shaft 11 passes through the first through hole 10-3; the rotor bearing 3-3 is sleeved inside the bearing groove 10-5; there are several rotor annular grooves 10-1, and the rotor annular grooves 10-1 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the rotor.

[0043] The rotor magnet 6-3 is embedded in the rotor annular groove 10-1; the polarization direction of the rotor magnet 6-3 is arranged radially along the rotor 10.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the stator 12 includes a large cylinder 12-1, a stator protrusion shaft 12-2, and a coil baffle 12-3; the stator protrusion shaft 12-2 is stretched on the outside of the large cylinder 12-1, and the coil baffle 12-3 is connected on the outside of the stator protrusion shaft 12-2.

[0045] The induction coil 13 is wound on the stator protrusion shaft 12-2; there are several induction coils 13, and all induction coils 13 are wound in the same direction and connected in series.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, the energy harvester housing 14 includes a first groove 14-1, a central boss 14-2, a boss shaft 14-3, a second groove 14-4, two small through holes 14-5, and four screw holes 14-6. The stator 12, rotor 10, and other structures are installed inside the first groove. The rotor bearing 3-3 is sleeved on the boss shaft 14-3, and the central shaft 11 is embedded inside the second groove 14-4. There are two small through holes 14-5 at the bottom of the first groove 14 for leading out the induction coil 13 connector. The four screw holes 14-6 are arrayed on the surface and are coaxially connected to the base screw holes 1-5 to fix the power generation unit.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention, which can be used as a reference for understanding the present invention.

[0048] Working principle of the invention:

[0049] Initially, the driving magnet 6-1 and the driven magnet 6-2 are attracted together, and the spring 7 is in a state of slight compression deformation. When external excitation (including vibration, oscillation, linear reciprocating motion, etc.) is applied to the force-bearing side plate 2, the force-bearing side plate 2, the driving linear guide 4-1 and its connecting mechanism (2, 5-1, 6-1), and the driven linear guide 4-2 and its connecting mechanism (6-2, 5-2, 8) move to the left together. The compression deformation of the spring 7 increases continuously, and the elastic force increases continuously. During this process, since the pawl 9-2 and the rotor ratchet 10-2 are in a non-meshing state, the rotor 10 does not rotate, and elastic potential energy is continuously stored. When the magnetic force between the driving magnet 6-1 and the driven magnet 6-2 is less than the elastic force of the spring 7, the driving magnet 6-1 and the driven magnet 6-2 separate. The driven linear guide 4-2 and its connecting mechanism (6-2, 5-2, 8) are ejected to the right under the action of the spring's restoring force. Due to the nonlinear relationship between magnetic force and distance (i.e., when the two permanent magnets are close together, the magnetic force decreases rapidly with distance), the attraction between the driving magnet 6-1 and the driven magnet 6-2 decreases rapidly, and the magnetic resistance to the driven linear guide 4-2 and its connecting mechanism (6-2, 5-2, 8) decreases rapidly. At the same time, the rack and pinion mechanism 8 drives the ratchet pawl 9 to rotate counterclockwise, and the pawl 9-2 meshes with the rotor ratchet 10-2, causing the rotor 10 to rotate. When the rotor 10 rotates, the rotor magnet 6-3 and the induction coil 13 wound on the stator 12 generate relative motion, and the magnetic flux in the induction coil 13 changes, thereby outputting electrical energy in the external circuit. In this process, the elastic potential energy is released and converted into the kinetic energy of the rotor rotation and the electrical energy output in the external circuit.

[0050] The parts not described in detail in this embodiment are common and well-known methods in the industry. The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All designs that are the same as or similar to the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spring-loaded, ejector-driven electromagnetic energy harvester, characterized in that, The system includes a first linear bearing (3-1), a driving linear guide (4-1) passing through the first linear bearing (3-1), a force-bearing side plate (2) connected to one side of the driving linear guide (4-1), and a cylindrical magnet slot (5) connected to the other side, with a driving magnet (6-1) embedded in the cylindrical magnet slot (5); a driven linear guide (4-2) passing through a second linear bearing (3-2), a cylindrical magnet slot (5) connected to one side of the driven linear guide (4-2), with a driven magnet (6-2) embedded in the cylindrical magnet slot (5), the opposite magnetic pole face of the driven magnet (6-2) facing the driving magnet (6-1) so that an attraction is generated between the two, and a rack mechanism (8) connected to the other side of the driven linear guide (4-2); The rack mechanism (8) meshes with the ratchet pawl (9), and the ratchet (9-1) of the ratchet pawl (9) is sleeved on the central rotating shaft (11); the central rotating shaft (11) is embedded in the energy trap housing (14) and coaxially connected with the rotor (10); the rotor (10) is coaxially connected with the stator (12) and installed inside the energy trap housing (14); rotor magnets (6-3) are arranged on the outside of the rotor (10), and the magnetic poles of the rotor magnets (6-3) are arranged radially; an induction coil (13) is set on the outside of the stator (12), and the winding direction of the induction coils (13) is consistent and they are connected in series; The cylindrical magnet slot (5) includes a coaxial large cylinder (5-3) and a small cylinder (5-1), which are coaxially connected. The small cylinder (5-1) has a first cylindrical groove (5-2) coaxial with it, and a driving linear guide (4-1) or a driven linear guide (4-2) is embedded in the first cylindrical groove (5-2). The large cylinder (5-3) has a second cylindrical groove (5-4) coaxial with it, and a driving magnet (6-1) or a driven magnet (6-2) is embedded in the second cylindrical groove (5-4). The rack mechanism (8) includes a base (8-1), a third cylindrical groove (8-2), a protrusion (8-3), a fourth cylindrical groove (8-4), and a rack (8-5); one side of the spring (7) is sleeved inside the third cylindrical groove (8-2); one side of the driven linear guide (4-2) is embedded in the fourth cylindrical groove (8-4); the rack (8-5) and the ratchet (9-1) are meshed together; one side of the spring (7) is embedded in the cylindrical groove (1-4) of the support base (1), and the other side is embedded in the third cylindrical groove (8-2) of the rack mechanism (8); the inside of the spring (7) passes through the driven linear guide (4-2).

2. The electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force-bearing side plate (2), the first linear bearing (3-1), the driving linear guide (4-1), the cylindrical magnet slot (5), and the driving magnet (6-1) are sequentially connected and set on the left column (1-2-1) of the support base (1). The driven magnet (6-2), the cylindrical magnet slot (5), the second linear bearing (3-2), the driven linear guide (4-2), the spring (7), and the rack mechanism (8) are sequentially connected and set on the right column (1-2-2). The top of the left column (1-2-1) has a through hole (1-3-1), in which the first linear bearing (3-1) is fitted. The top of the right column (1-2-2) has a second through hole (1-3-2), in which the second linear bearing (3-2) is fitted.

3. The electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The right column (1-2-2) has a cylindrical groove five (1-4) on the right side, which is coaxial with the second through hole (1-3-2). The cylindrical groove five (1-4) is sleeved on one side of the spring (7). The rack mechanism (8) has a third cylindrical groove (8-2) on the left side, which is coaxial with the second through hole (1-3-2). The other side of the spring is sleeved inside the third cylindrical groove (8-2).

4. The electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The left column (1-2-1) and the right column (1-2-2) are mounted on the support base (1). The support base (1) includes a base plate (1-1). The base plate (1-1) is composed of a long strip structure on the left and a square structure on the right. The left column (1-2-1) and the right column (1-2-2) are mounted on the upper surface of the long strip structure. Through hole one (1-3-1) is located above the left column (1-2-1); the second through hole (1-3-2) is located above the right column (1-2-2), and there is a cylindrical groove five (1-4) on the right side of the right column (1-2-2) that is coaxial with the second through hole (1-3-2); four base screw holes (1-5) are arrayed at the four corners of the square structure surface; the power generation unit is installed on the square structure, and the power generation unit is composed of ratchet pawl (9), rotor (10), central rotating shaft (11), stator (12), and energy trap housing (14) connected coaxially in sequence.

5. The electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force-bearing side plate (2) is based on a cylinder. There is a first boss (2-1) on one side of the force-bearing side plate (2), and a cylindrical groove six (2-2) on the first boss (2-1). The driving linear guide rail (4-1) is coaxially embedded in the cylindrical groove six (2-2).

6. The electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (10) includes a rotor annular groove (10-1), a ratchet (10-2), a second through hole (10-3), a first protrusion (10-4), and a bearing groove (10-5). The second through hole (10-3) is provided at the center of the rotor (10), and the central rotating shaft (11) passes through the second through hole (10-3). The ratchet (10-2) is on one side of the rotor (10), and the bearing groove (10-5) is on the other side. The first protrusion (10-4) is on the outside of the bearing groove (10-5), and the rotor bearing (3-3) is sleeved inside the bearing groove (10-5). Several rotor annular grooves (10-1) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the rotor (10). The rotor magnet (6-3) is embedded in the rotor annular groove (10-1). The polarization direction of the rotor magnet (6-3) is arranged radially along the rotor (10).

7. The electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator (12) includes a large cylinder (12-1), a stator protrusion shaft (12-2), and a coil baffle (12-3); the stator protrusion shaft (12-2) is stretched outside the large cylinder (12-1), and the coil baffle (12-3) is connected outside the stator protrusion shaft (12-2); the induction coil (13) is wound on the stator protrusion shaft (12-2); there are several induction coils (13), and all induction coils (13) are wound in the same direction and connected in series.

8. The electromagnetic energy harvester driven by a spring-loaded ejection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy harvester housing (14) includes a first groove (14-1), a central boss (14-2), a boss shaft (14-3), a second groove (14-4), two small through holes (14-5), and four screw holes (14-6). The stator (12) and rotor (10) are installed inside the first groove (14-1). The boss shaft (14-3) is located at the center of the first groove (14-1), and the second groove (14-4) is located at the center of the boss shaft (14-3). The rotor bearing (3-3) is sleeved on the boss shaft (14-3), and the central shaft (11) is embedded inside the second groove (14-4). There are two small through holes (14-5) at the bottom of the first groove (14-1), which are used to lead out the induction coil (13) connector. The four screw holes (14-6) are arrayed on the surface and are coaxially connected with the base screw holes (1-5) to fix the power generation unit.

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