A non-contact in-vivo powered device based on near-infrared light and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of non-contact in-vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light and its preparation method and application.The non-contact in-vivo power supply device of the application includes air heat insulation layer, light-heat-electricity energy receiving-converter and phase change heat storage layer arranged in turn from top to bottom.The air heat insulation layer includes upper Fresnel lens and lower transparent partition, and the Fresnel lens is arranged in parallel with the transparent partition with a certain interval.The light-heat-electricity energy receiving-converter includes a number of thermoelectric generator plates, and the upper surface of the thermoelectric generator has a light-heat coating.The phase change heat storage layer includes upper ribs and lower base, and the ribs are fixed on the base with phase change heat storage material filled between the ribs and the base.The thermoelectric generator is arranged with a certain interval between the transparent partition.The ribs and the thermoelectric generator are matched together.The device of the application has no thermal damage during power supply, and has high biological safety.It can achieve efficient power supply under thicker biological tissue, and has more flexible application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a non-contact in vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light, its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of medical device technology. Background Technology

[0002] Implantable medical electronic devices, such as pacemakers and cochlear implants, as well as brain-computer interface devices, have developed rapidly in recent years and are widely used in the medical field. With improved performance and increased complexity, the power consumption of related electronic components is also increasing. Due to battery capacity limitations, many implantable medical electronic devices require periodic battery replacement via surgery or other methods. Developing contactless power supply technologies from outside the body to inside the body is an important means to avoid surgery and extend usage time, representing a significant application need and research focus in this field.

[0003] Based on different principles, current technologies for non-contact power supply from outside the body to inside a living organism can be divided into two types. One is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, utilizing wireless charging technology with electromagnetic waves in the 300MHz-20GHz band. This band of electromagnetic waves has strong penetrating power in human tissues and can reach relatively deep tissues. However, the human body has a relatively low maximum safe tolerance power density for this band of electromagnetic waves, only 10-40 mW / cm². 2 This results in generally low charging power for this technology. Another type is photovoltaic charging technology based on photoelectric conversion, utilizing visible light. This technology is mature, and the maximum power density of visible light exposure to the human body is relatively high, reaching 200 mW / cm². 2 However, visible light has limited penetrating power into human tissue, making it difficult for this technology to penetrate thicker skin layers; therefore, it can only be applied to epidermal charging. In general, due to these limitations, the charging power of the aforementioned technology is low, its practical value is limited, and it is only suitable for some low-power implantable electronic devices.

[0004] The maximum exposure power density of the human body to near-infrared light with wavelengths of 700-1500nm is as high as 0.3-1W / cm². 2 Furthermore, near-infrared light has a much stronger tissue penetration ability than visible light, making external charging technology based on near-infrared light highly promising. However, this technology faces two challenges: due to the long wavelength of near-infrared light, it cannot be efficiently utilized through photoelectric conversion; and there is a strong thermal effect during energy conversion, which can easily cause thermal damage to the human body.

[0005] Therefore, researching a device that can efficiently utilize near-infrared light energy to achieve high-power, deep, and thermally damage-free non-contact in vivo power supply is of great significance to this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a non-contact in vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light, its preparation method and application. This device utilizes the principle of photothermal conversion and thermoelectric conversion, converting the energy of near-infrared light into heat energy through an energy receiver-converter, and then obtaining electrical energy through thermoelectric conversion. At the same time, it uses air insulation layer and phase change energy storage materials to improve energy conversion efficiency and ensure that no thermal damage is caused to biological tissues during this process, thereby achieving efficient and safe utilization of near-infrared light energy.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention protects a non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light, comprising an air insulation layer, a light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter and a phase change heat storage layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

[0008] The air insulation layer includes an upper Fresnel lens and a lower transparent partition, with the Fresnel lens and the transparent partition arranged parallel to each other at intervals.

[0009] The light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter includes a thermoelectric generator, which includes a plurality of thermoelectric plates, and the upper surface of the thermoelectric generator has a light-heat coating.

[0010] The phase change thermal storage layer includes an upper rib and a lower base. The rib is fixed on the base and the space between the rib and the base is filled with phase change thermal storage material.

[0011] A gap is provided between the thermoelectric generator and the transparent partition;

[0012] The ribs and the thermoelectric generator are fitted together.

[0013] Furthermore, the non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light also includes a package shell and two electrode wires for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the thermoelectric generator.

[0014] The Fresnel lens and the transparent partition are fixed to the encapsulation housing;

[0015] The sidewall of the encapsulation housing is provided with a channel for the electrode wire to pass through;

[0016] The outer surface of the encapsulation shell is covered with medical titanium foil.

[0017] In the aforementioned non-contact in vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light, the photothermal coating may consist of a lower nickel layer, a middle nickel-alumina layer, and an upper silicon dioxide layer.

[0018] The thickness of the nickel layer can be 200~1000nm, specifically 370nm;

[0019] The thickness of the nickel-aluminum oxide layer can be 70~100nm, specifically 90nm;

[0020] The thickness of the silicon dioxide layer can be 50~100nm, specifically 80nm;

[0021] The mass ratio of nickel to aluminum oxide in the nickel-alumina layer can be 0.6~0.7:0.4~0.3, specifically 0.7:0.3.

[0022] In the aforementioned non-contact in vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light, the phase change temperature of the phase change thermal storage material can be 37℃~50℃;

[0023] The phase change thermal storage material can be a mixture of organic matter and modified carbon black;

[0024] The organic compound may be paraffin or tetradecanol;

[0025] The modified carbon black can be prepared by the following steps: mixing carbon black particles with a mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, centrifuging and collecting the precipitate to obtain acidic modified carbon black; adjusting the pH value of the acidic modified carbon black to neutral to obtain the modified carbon black.

[0026] In the mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, the volume ratio of concentrated nitric acid to concentrated sulfuric acid is 1:3;

[0027] The mass ratio of the concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid mixed solution to the carbon black particles is 1:20;

[0028] The mixing was carried out under stirring conditions of 500~1000 rpm for 24 hours;

[0029] The centrifugation was carried out at 25 degrees Celsius, at a speed of 10,000 rpm, for 3 minutes.

[0030] The steps for adjusting the pH value to neutral are as follows: disperse the acid-modified carbon black in deionized water, and then centrifuge it multiple times under the same conditions until the pH value of the modified carbon black is neutral.

[0031] In the phase change thermal storage material, the modified carbon black can have a mass percentage content of 0.1% to 10%, specifically 5%.

[0032] The phase change thermal storage material is prepared by the following steps: mixing the organic matter and the modified carbon black, heating to a molten state and ultrasonically dispersing, and then cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain the phase change thermal storage material;

[0033] The phase change thermal storage material has high thermal conductivity.

[0034] In the aforementioned non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light, the Fresnel lens has a diameter of 60~100mm (e.g., 60mm) and a thickness of 0.5~1.5mm (e.g., 1mm).

[0035] The diameter of the transparent partition can be 60~100mm (e.g., 60mm), the thickness can be 0.5~1.5mm (e.g., 1mm), and the material can be quartz;

[0036] The distance between the transparent partition and the Fresnel lens is 3~5mm, specifically 4mm;

[0037] The thermoelectric generator includes 1 to 4 (e.g., 3) thermoelectric generators, each with a lateral dimension of 30×30mm to 62×62mm (e.g., 40×40mm) and a thickness of 4 to 16mm (e.g., 12mm).

[0038] The distance between the photothermal coating in the thermoelectric generator and the transparent partition is 3~5mm, specifically 4mm;

[0039] The rib includes a rib base and a plurality of parallel and spaced fins fixed on the rib base. The thickness of the rib base can be 0.2~1mm (e.g., 0.5mm), and the height of the fins can be 2~5mm (e.g., 4mm).

[0040] The base is a hollow cylindrical shape with a height of 3-8mm (e.g., 5mm) and a wall thickness of 0.2-1mm (e.g., 0.5mm). The material can be stainless steel, copper, or aluminum.

[0041] Secondly, the present invention protects a method for fabricating a non-contact, in-vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps:

[0042] 1) A photothermal coating is obtained by coating the upper surface of the thermoelectric generator to obtain the photo-thermal-electric energy receiver-converter;

[0043] 2) Fix the bottom of the light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter to the rib;

[0044] 3) After heating the phase change thermal storage material to a molten state, pour it into the base, then insert the ribs at the bottom of the component obtained in step 2) into the phase change thermal storage material, and cool it to solidify the phase change thermal storage material;

[0045] 4) Assemble the Fresnel lens, the transparent partition and the components obtained in step 3) with the encapsulation shell to obtain the non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light.

[0046] In the above preparation method, step 1), the coating can be achieved using magnetron sputtering.

[0047] In the above preparation method, step 2), an adhesive can be used to bond the bottom of the light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter to the rib. The adhesive can be a mixture of thermally conductive silicone and AB glue.

[0048] The gap between the base and the optical-thermal-electric energy receiver-converter is sealed with an adhesive, such as AB glue;

[0049] In step 4), the Fresnel lens and the transparent partition are fixed to the packaging shell using an adhesive, which may be a medical adhesive.

[0050] The encapsulation shell can be obtained using 3D printing technology, and the material can be a biocompatible polymer resin.

[0051] Thirdly, the present invention protects a method for powering an implantable bioelectronic device, comprising powering the implantable bioelectronic device using a non-contact in vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0052] Furthermore, the power supply uses near-infrared light with a wavelength of 700~1500nm to irradiate the non-contact in vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light, such as 1064nm.

[0053] The implantable bioelectronic device may specifically be a pacemaker and / or an endoscopic camera.

[0054] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] Compared with existing non-contact bioelectric power supply technologies, this device has no thermal damage during power supply and has high biosafety; the power supply operation has low requirements for the focusing of the light source and the device, making it easy to operate; the power supply power is as high as 20-195 mW, which can drive more precise implantable medical electronic devices; it can achieve efficient power supply in thicker biological tissues, making its application more flexible; and it is inexpensive and can be mass-produced. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light according to the present invention.

[0057] Figure 1 The markings in the text are as follows: Air insulation layer Photothermal-Electrical Energy Acceptor-Converter Phase change thermal storage layer.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a disassembly diagram of the various structures in the non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 The markings in the middle are as follows: 1-Fresnel lens; 2-Transparent partition; 3-Selective photothermal coating; 4-Thermoelectric element; 5-Flat; 6-Modified phase change material; 7-Annular encapsulation shell; 8-Metal base.

[0060] Figure 3 These are physical images and scanning electron microscope images of the selectively absorbing photothermal coating in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 4 These are the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the phase change material at different temperatures in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 5 These are the open-circuit voltage and corresponding maximum output power of the power supply device under different light power densities in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 6 This refers to the temperature changes of the upper and lower surfaces of the power supply device under different light power densities when the device is irradiated.

[0064] Figure 7 This is the output voltage test result of the power supply device implanted in the abdominal cavity of a rabbit in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, while the rabbit is still alive.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a photograph of the power supply device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention directly powering the pacemaker or indirectly powering the endoscope camera.

[0066] Figure 9 This is an HE-stained section of biological tissue near the upper and lower surfaces one month after the power supply device was implanted in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0069] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Figure 1 As shown, the non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light of the present invention includes, from top to bottom, an air insulation layer ①, a light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter ②, a phase change heat storage layer ③, an encapsulation shell, and two electrode wires for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter ②.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, the air insulation layer ① includes an upper Fresnel lens 1 (diameter 60~100mm, thickness 0.5~1.5mm) and a lower transparent partition 2 (diameter matching the lens, 60~100mm, thickness 0.5~1.5mm). The Fresnel lens 1 and the transparent partition 2 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The thickness of the air insulation layer ① and the position of the transparent partition 2 can be adjusted according to the implantation depth of the device, which can improve the thermo-electric conversion efficiency and prevent thermal damage to biological tissue. The distance between the transparent partition 2 and the Fresnel lens 1 can be 3~5mm, such as 4mm.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter ② includes a thermoelectric generator, which includes 1 to 4 thermoelectric generator plates 4. Each thermoelectric generator plate 4 has a size of 30×30mm to 62×62mm and a thickness of 4 to 16mm. The upper surface of the thermoelectric generator has a selective photothermal coating 3. The photothermal coating 3 consists of a lower layer of metallic nickel with a thickness of 200 to 1000nm, an intermediate layer of metallic nickel-alumina with a thickness of 70 to 100nm (such as metallic nickel-alumina with a mass ratio of 0.7:0.3), and an upper layer of silicon dioxide with a thickness of 50 to 100nm. The photothermal coating 3 can efficiently convert near-infrared light energy into heat energy. There is a gap between the thermoelectric generator and the transparent partition 2. For example, the distance between the photothermal coating 3 and the transparent partition 2 is equal to the distance between the transparent partition 2 and the Fresnel lens 1, which is 3 to 5mm, such as 4mm.

[0072] The phase change thermal storage layer ③ includes an upper fin 5 and a lower hollow cylindrical metal base 8. The fin 5 is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material and includes a fin base and several parallel-spaced fins fixed on the fin base. The thickness of the fin base is 0.2~1mm, and the height of the fins is 2~5mm (the fins were purchased from Zhenjiang Yiyun Electronic Components Co., Ltd.). The fin 5 and the thermoelectric generator are fitted together. The size of the opening on the hollow cylindrical metal base 6 matches the energy receiver-converter. Figure 2 The material is stainless steel, copper or aluminum. The height of the base 6 can be 3~8mm depending on the implantation location in the biological body, and the wall thickness is 0.2~1mm at each location. The ribs 5 are fixed on the metal base 8 and the space between the ribs 5 and the metal base 8 is filled with phase change heat storage material 6. The phase change heat storage material 6 is a mixture of organic matter and modified carbon black. The phase change temperature is 37℃~50℃. The organic matter is paraffin or tetradecyl alcohol, and the mass percentage of modified carbon black is 0.1%~10%, preferably 5%. The phase change heat storage layer ③ can improve the heat-to-electric conversion efficiency and prevent thermal damage to biological tissues.

[0073] The encapsulation shell ④ is a ring-shaped encapsulation shell 7, made of a biocompatible polymer resin (such as PEG), a metal base 8, and an outer medical titanium foil. The latter is used to reduce rejection effects. The Fresnel lens 1 and the transparent partition 2 are fixed to the encapsulation shell ④ with a medical adhesive (such as Fuaile medical adhesive). The side wall of the encapsulation shell ④ has a channel for passing through the two electrode wires.

[0074] Near-infrared light penetrates a certain thickness of human tissue, passes through and is focused by the Fresnel lens of the device, then passes through a transparent partition and is absorbed by a selective absorption coating, efficiently converted into heat. This heat then flows through the thermoelectric generator beneath the coating for power generation. Subsequently, this heat is rapidly conducted away by the fins and stored in the phase change thermal storage material, achieving a safe and efficient light-heat-electric energy conversion for non-contact biological power generation. The photothermal coating is a selective absorption coating; its low emissivity and the presence of air effectively reduce heat loss from the coating, allowing more energy to be used for thermoelectric conversion through the light-heat-electric energy receiver and preventing thermal damage to biological tissue. The transparent partition reduces air convection and further weakens radiative heat transfer between the coating and biological tissue. The phase change material rapidly conducts and stores heat; the carbon black doping modification improves the thermal conductivity of the phase change material. The fins increase the contact area between the thermoelectric generator and the bottom phase change material, thereby increasing the heat exchange between them.

[0075] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods; and the materials and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0076] Example 1: Fabrication of a non-contact in-vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light

[0077] (1) Preparation of selectively absorbing photothermal coating

[0078] A photoelectric-thermal-electric energy receiver-converter was obtained by magnetron sputtering (500V, 0.25A) on a thermoelectric generator (model: TEG28708, purchased from Xi'an Technology Co., Ltd.; size 40*40mm, thickness 4~16mm, number of thermoelectric generators 1~4, thickness 12mm in this example, number of generators 3). The deposition process involved depositing a 370nm thick layer of metallic nickel, a 90nm thick layer of alumina-nickel alloy with a 3:7 mass ratio of alumina to metallic nickel, and an 80nm thick layer of silicon dioxide. A physical image and scanning electron microscope image of an example are shown below. Figure 3 As shown on the left and right.

[0079] The coating has a photothermal conversion efficiency of up to 94% and an emissivity of 0.35. The photothermal conversion efficiency was measured using a reflectance ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrometer (equipment purchased from Hitachi Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., model UH-4150), and the emissivity was measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (equipment purchased from Bruker Spectroscopy Instruments Co., Ltd., Germany, model Vertex 70).

[0080] (2) Assembly of components

[0081] Phase change thermal storage materials are prepared according to the following steps:

[0082] 1) Weigh a certain amount of carbon black granules (purchased from Ningbo Aikem New Materials Co., Ltd., product number 1333086-4) into a beaker, add a concentrated nitric acid-concentrated sulfuric acid mixed solution with a ratio of 1:3 (v / v), and the mass ratio of the solution to carbon black is 1:20; after mixing and reacting for 24 hours under stirring at 500-1000 rpm, centrifuge at 25 degrees and 10000 rpm for 3 minutes in a high-speed centrifuge to obtain an acidic modified carbon black precipitate;

[0083] 2) Disperse the acidic modified carbon black obtained in step 1) above in a certain amount of deionized water, and then centrifuge it multiple times under the same conditions until the pH value of the modified carbon black reaches neutral.

[0084] 3) Heat the above carbon black in 14 alcohol with a melting point of 38 degrees Celsius, heat it in a water bath to 60 degrees Celsius, ultrasonically disperse it for 30 minutes, and then cool and solidify it at room temperature to obtain a phase change thermal storage material with high thermal conductivity (carbon black mass percentage of 5%), for later use.

[0085] The specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity at 35-50 degrees Celsius of the prepared phase change thermal storage material are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown. The fins are bonded to the bottom of the photo-thermal-electric energy receiver-converter using a mixture of thermally conductive silicone and AB glue. The aforementioned phase change thermal storage material is heated to 50 degrees Celsius and poured into the base (base height 5mm, wall thickness 0.5mm). The fins (fin base thickness 0.5mm, fin height 4mm) are then inserted into the liquid in the base and cooled to room temperature. At this point, the phase change thermal storage material is tightly adhered to the fins, eliminating air thermal resistance. After complete cooling, the gap between the base and the connection point of the photo-thermal-electric energy receiver-converter is sealed with AB glue.

[0087] A polymer ring-shaped outer packaging was obtained through 3D printing, and medical titanium foil was adhered to the outer surface using AB glue. Figure 2 The above-mentioned components, outer packaging, transparent partition (diameter 60-100mm, 60mm in this example, thickness 0.5-1.5mm, 1mm in this example, made of quartz), and Fresnel lens (diameter 60-100mm, 60mm in this example, thickness 0.5-1.5mm, 1mm in this example, purchased from Hsinwei Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.) are assembled. The distance between the photothermal coating and the transparent partition is equal to the distance between the transparent partition and the Fresnel lens, specifically 4mm. This distance can be adjusted according to the implantation depth of the device in the body. Two electrode wires are then connected from the holes in the side wall of the outer packaging to the positive and negative terminals of the energy receiver-converter, thus obtaining a usable power supply device.

[0088] (3) Energy conversion efficiency of the device for near-infrared light

[0089] A near-infrared laser (wavelength 1064nm, Ningbo Yuanming Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.) was selected as the near-infrared light source, with a spot area of ​​28.26cm². 2 The near-infrared light power is adjustable; the power adjustment range was set to 50 mW / cm during the test. 2 ~1.0W / cm 2 The electrodes of the fabricated device were connected to an electrochemical workstation (model CHI660E, Shanghai Chenhua Instrument Co., Ltd.). The open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current signals of the device were acquired using the current-time curve method and the voltage-time curve method. The specific experimental process, devices, and results are as follows:

[0090] 1) Adjust the radiation power density of the near-infrared laser to a constant value of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 W / cm². 2 The electrode wires of the above device were connected to an electrochemical workstation, and the open-circuit voltage output by the device was collected. The voltage-time curve was obtained, and the irradiation time of near-infrared light was set to 10 min, the cooling time was set to 10 min, and the process was repeated for 3 cycles.

[0091] The experimental results are shown in the figure. Figure 5 As can be seen from the left, the voltage remained essentially the same in each of the three cycles under different light intensities. This was observed at 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 W / cm². 2 Under illumination, the open-circuit voltage of the device stabilized after approximately 200 seconds, at values ​​of 0.37, 0.61, 1.44, and 2.2V, respectively. Simultaneously, the corresponding short-circuit currents were 8.8, 17.1, 34.3, and 47mA, respectively. The calculated maximum output power is as follows: Figure 5 On the right, the values ​​are 3.3, 11, 49.4 and 103.4 mW respectively.

[0092] 2) During the illumination process in 1), the temperature changes of the upper and lower surfaces of the device were monitored using an infrared camera and thermocouples. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown on the left (top surface) and right (bottom surface), it can be seen from the figure that under all illumination conditions, the temperature rise of the top and bottom surfaces of the device does not exceed 5 degrees Celsius. This indicates that during the charging process, this power supply device will not cause thermal damage to biological tissues.

[0093] Example 2: Non-contact in vivo charging and in vivo biological testing

[0094] (1) A new method of non-contact in-vivo charging

[0095] Taking rabbit experiments as an example, this power supply device was surgically implanted into the rabbit's abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall thickness was measured to be approximately 8 mm. The approximate location of the abdominal cavity was then irradiated with a near-infrared laser (wavelength 1064 nm, manufactured by Ningbo Yuanming Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.), and the spot area was 28.26 cm². 2 The light intensity is 1 W / cm² 2 This method enables contactless in-body charging. It has low requirements for device positioning within the body and is simple and convenient to operate.

[0096] (2) Test results within the organism

[0097] The power supply device was connected to the electrochemical workstation (model CHI660E, Shanghai Chenhua Instrument Co., Ltd.) via a wire. The open-circuit voltage of the device was collected during illumination using the current-time curve method and the voltage-time curve method. The results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the open-circuit voltage reaches 0.85V during illumination. Based on Example 1, the maximum output power of the device is approximately 20mW, which is the highest known device output power.

[0098] Example 3: Driving Implantable Electronic Devices

[0099] (1) Direct-drive cardiac pacemaker

[0100] The implanted device from Example 2 was connected to the boost chip via soldering, increasing the output voltage to 5V. It was then directly connected to the pacemaker via wires. The approximate location of the abdominal cavity was irradiated with a near-infrared laser (wavelength 1064nm, Ningbo Yuanming Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.), with a spot area of ​​28.26 cm². 2 The light intensity is 1 W / cm² 2 The electrocardiogram results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown on the left, the pacemaker can be seen to start working immediately under light conditions, which proves that this device can drive the heart pacemaker very well.

[0101] (2) Indirectly drive the endoscope camera.

[0102] The implanted device from Example 2 was connected to the boost chip via soldering, raising the output voltage to 5V. It was then indirectly connected to an endoscopic camera via wires. The approximate location of the abdominal cavity was irradiated using a near-infrared laser (wavelength 1064nm, Ningbo Yuanming Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.), with a spot area of ​​28.26 cm². 2 The light intensity is 1 W / cm² 2 The illumination time was 120 minutes.

[0103] The results are as follows Figure 8 As shown on the right, after being charged by light, the high-power camera can continue to work for nearly 5 minutes, which proves that this device can successfully drive high-power implanted electronic devices through charging.

[0104] (3) Safety testing of devices

[0105] After charging, the device was implanted into the abdominal cavity of a rabbit and remained there for one month. The rabbit was then sacrificed, and the biological tissue surrounding the device and on the outer surface of the abdominal cavity was stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) for sectioning. Results are as follows: Figure 9 As shown, this proves that neither the device itself nor the charging process will cause damage to biological tissues.

[0106] The present invention has been described in detail above. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced in a wide range of ways with equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from its spirit and scope, and without requiring unnecessary experiments. While specific embodiments have been provided, it should be understood that further modifications can be made to the invention. In summary, according to the principles of the invention, this application is intended to include any changes, uses, or improvements to the invention, including changes made using conventional techniques known in the art that depart from the scope disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light, comprising an air insulation layer, a light-to-heat-to-electric energy receiver-converter, and a phase change heat storage layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The air insulation layer includes an upper Fresnel lens and a lower transparent partition, with the Fresnel lens and the transparent partition arranged parallel to each other at intervals. The light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter includes a thermoelectric generator, which includes a plurality of thermoelectric plates, and the upper surface of the thermoelectric generator has a light-heat coating. The phase change thermal storage layer includes an upper rib and a lower base. The rib is fixed on the base and the space between the rib and the base is filled with phase change thermal storage material. A gap is provided between the thermoelectric generator and the transparent partition; The ribs and the thermoelectric generator are fitted together.

2. The non-contact internal power supply device based on near-infrared light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light also includes an encapsulation shell and two electrode wires for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the thermoelectric generator. The Fresnel lens and the transparent partition are fixed to the encapsulation housing; The sidewall of the encapsulation housing is provided with a channel for the electrode wire to pass through; The outer surface of the encapsulation shell is covered with medical titanium foil.

3. The non-contact internal power supply device based on near-infrared light according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The photothermal coating consists of a lower nickel layer, a middle nickel-alumina layer, and an upper silicon dioxide layer. The thickness of the nickel layer is 200~1000 nm; The thickness of the nickel-alumina layer is 70~100nm; The thickness of the silicon dioxide layer is 50~100nm; The mass ratio of nickel to aluminum oxide in the nickel-alumina layer is 0.6~0.7:0.4~0.

3.

4. The non-contact internal power supply device based on near-infrared light according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The phase change temperature of the phase change thermal storage material is 37℃~50℃; The phase change thermal storage material is a mixture of organic matter and modified carbon black; The organic compound is paraffin or tetradecyl alcohol; The modified carbon black is prepared by the following steps: carbon black particles are mixed with a mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, centrifuged and the precipitate is collected to obtain acidic modified carbon black; the pH value of the acidic modified carbon black is adjusted to neutral to obtain the modified carbon black. In the phase change thermal storage material, the modified carbon black has a mass percentage content of 0.1% to 10%.

5. The non-contact internal power supply device based on near-infrared light according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The Fresnel lens has a diameter of 60~100mm and a thickness of 0.5~1.5mm; The transparent partition has a diameter of 60-100mm, a thickness of 0.5-1.5mm, and is made of quartz. The distance between the Fresnel lens and the transparent partition is 3~5mm; The thermoelectric generator includes 1 to 4 thermoelectric generator plates, each with a lateral dimension of 30×30mm to 62×62mm and a thickness of 4 to 16mm. The distance between the photothermal coating in the thermoelectric generator and the transparent partition is 3~5mm; The rib includes a rib base and a plurality of parallel and spaced fins fixed on the rib base. The thickness of the rib base is 0.2~1mm, and the height of the fins is 2~5mm. The base is a hollow cylindrical shape with a height of 3-8mm and a wall thickness of 0.2-1mm. It is made of stainless steel, copper, or aluminum.

6. A method for fabricating a non-contact in-vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: 1) A photothermal coating is obtained by coating the upper surface of the thermoelectric generator to obtain the photo-thermal-electric energy receiver-converter; 2) Fix the bottom of the light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter to the rib; 3) After heating the phase change thermal storage material to a molten state, pour it into the base, then insert the ribs at the bottom of the component obtained in step 2) into the phase change thermal storage material, and cool it to solidify the phase change thermal storage material; 4) Assemble the Fresnel lens, the transparent partition and the components obtained in step 3) with the encapsulation shell to obtain the non-contact in-body power supply device based on near-infrared light.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 1), the coating is applied using a magnetron sputtering process.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: In step 2), the bottom of the light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter is bonded to the rib using an adhesive; In step 3), the gap between the base and the connection between the light-heat-electric energy receiver-converter is sealed with adhesive; In step 4), the Fresnel lens and the transparent partition are fixed to the packaging shell using an adhesive.

9. A method for powering an implantable bioelectronic device, comprising powering the implantable bioelectronic device using a non-contact in vivo power supply device based on near-infrared light as described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power supply uses near-infrared light with a wavelength of 700~1500nm.

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