Integrated driving, suspending and guiding superconducting electric suspension system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of drive, suspension and guide integrated superconducting electric suspension system, including non-magnetic concrete track base, integrated track coil, superconducting coil, track coil box, cryogenic container and suspension frame;Integrated track coil is divided into upper and lower loop encapsulated in track coil box, respectively horizontally installed on the track base C type side wall along with lower along;Superconducting coil is immersed in cryogenic container to form superconducting magnet, is horizontally fixedly connected at the both sides of suspension frame, and is centrally positioned between upper and lower loop of integrated track coil;Same side track coil upper and lower loop is parallel in the same direction, and opposite side track coil is transversely connected in parallel;Same side integrated track coil with same phase is connected in series with power supply.The application has the characteristics that drive, suspension and guide functions are integrated in a set of track coil, the magnetic field on both sides of superconducting coil is fully utilized, and driving force, suspension force and guiding force are improved compared with prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of magnetic levitation technology, specifically relating to a superconducting electric levitation system that integrates driving, levitation and guidance. Background Technology

[0002] Maglev, as a new type of rail transit technology, achieves non-contact support and power supply for moving vehicles through electromagnetic coupling between the vehicle and rail. It can overcome the speed limitations of wheel-rail trains and is a major choice for developing higher-speed rail transit technology. Among various maglev systems, superconducting maglev has unique advantages such as a large air gap and self-stabilization, making it one of the main technological approaches for developing high-speed maglev transportation. Japan's L0 superconducting maglev train, using this technology, set a rail transit speed record of 603 km / h for manned operation in 2015. This system mainly consists of a superconducting magnet, a zero-flux coil, and a propulsion coil. The interaction between the superconducting magnet and the zero-flux coil enables the train's levitation and guidance, while the propulsion coil generates a traveling wave magnetic field that acts on the superconducting magnet to achieve propulsion.

[0003] However, the continuous laying of zero-flux coils and propulsion coils along the track significantly increases the initial construction costs and subsequent equipment maintenance costs of maglev operating lines. Currently, Japan is constructing the Tokyo-Nagoya Chuo Shinkansen, for which the government has invested 3 trillion yen, with the manufacturing costs of the zero-flux coils and propulsion coils accounting for a large proportion. Therefore, the integrated design of the zero-flux coils and propulsion coils is an effective way to solve the above problems. In the 1990s, Japan proposed an integrated track coil structure that injects three-phase alternating current into the zero-flux coil, achieving integration of drive, levitation, and guidance functions. However, this structure has limitations such as coil stress concentration, significant heat load, and difficulties in inspection and maintenance, and remains in the experimental testing stage.

[0004] In summary, by proposing a novel integrated superconducting electric levitation system that combines driving, levitation, and guidance, it is expected to improve the electromagnetic and thermal operating environment of the coil and make full use of the magnetic fields on both sides of the superconducting magnet, thereby effectively improving the service life of the integrated track coil and the output performance of the superconducting electric levitation system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to improve the driving force, levitation force, and guiding force of a superconducting electric levitation system without increasing the amount of track coil material, and to integrate these functions and simplify maintenance and installation, thereby promoting the application of integrated superconducting electric levitation systems. To this end, this invention provides an integrated superconducting electric levitation system for driving, levitation, and guiding.

[0006] The present invention discloses an integrated superconducting electric suspension system for driving, levitation and guidance, comprising a non-magnetic concrete track base, a cryogenic container, a track coil box, a suspension frame, a superconducting coil and an integrated track coil; the output of driving force, levitation force and guiding force are realized by injecting driving phase current, assembling various components and changing the position of the suspension frame in spatial attitude.

[0007] The non-magnetic concrete track base has an overall U-shaped structure, with a C-shaped structure on the side walls for installing integrated track coils. The middle part of the non-magnetic concrete track base is used to accommodate the superconducting electric levitation train and constrain its running trajectory.

[0008] The integrated track coil is divided into an asymmetrical upper loop and a lower loop, both of which are coil structures with the same number of turns but different sizes. They are sequentially encapsulated in track coil boxes filled with epoxy resin and are horizontally installed on the upper and lower edges of the C-shaped sidewall of the non-magnetic concrete track base by fasteners. The installation positions of the upper and lower track coil boxes are horizontally centered.

[0009] The superconducting coil is immersed in a cryogenic container containing refrigerant to form a superconducting magnet, which is horizontally fixed to both sides of the suspension frame and vertically placed between the upper and lower loops of the integrated track coil.

[0010] The upper and lower loops of the integrated track coil on the same side of the track are connected in parallel in the same direction via cables, while the upper and lower loops of the integrated track coil on the opposite side of the track are connected in parallel laterally via cables. The upper and lower loops of the integrated track coils of the same phase on the same side of the track are connected in series with the power supply, with each phase differing by 120°. ° Electrical angle.

[0011] Furthermore, the lateral width of the upper loop is smaller than that of the lower loop, both are rectangular coils with rounded corners and the same number of turns, and the track coil pitch is two-thirds of the superconducting coil pole pitch.

[0012] Furthermore, the lateral center distance between the superconducting coils on both sides of the suspension frame is smaller than the lateral center distance between the integrated coils on both sides of the track.

[0013] The driving principle of the superconducting electric suspension system integrating drive, suspension and guidance according to the present invention is as follows:

[0014] The three-phase alternating power supply simultaneously injects alternating current into the integrated track coil loops on both sides via a transverse connecting cable. The upper and lower loops of the integrated track coils on the same side always generate traveling wave magnetic fields in the same direction, and the traveling wave magnetic field speed is consistent with the train's running speed. When the train is running, the superconducting coil excitation magnetic field and the track coil traveling wave magnetic field are relatively stationary. When the magnetic poles of the superconducting coil excitation magnetic field and the magnetic poles of the track coil traveling wave magnetic field are 90° out of phase... ° At electrical angles, the maximum driving force is generated only in the direction of train travel.

[0015] The suspension principle of the superconducting electric suspension system integrating driving, levitation and guidance according to the present invention is as follows:

[0016] When the superconducting coil sweeps across the integrated track coil, the back electromotive force of the lower loop of the integrated track coil will be greater than that of the upper loop. Since the upper and lower loops are connected in parallel in the same direction, an induced current will be generated between the upper and lower loops of the integrated track coil. The induced current in the lower loop of the integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field opposite to the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil, repelling the superconducting coil. The induced current in the upper loop of the integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field in the same direction as the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil, attracting the superconducting coil and thus forming an upward levitation force to hinder the downward movement of the superconducting coil.

[0017] The guiding principle of the superconducting electric levitation system integrating drive, suspension and guidance according to the present invention:

[0018] When the train deviates laterally to the right, the mutual inductance between the integrated track coil on the right side of the track and the superconducting coil on the right side of the suspension frame will increase, while the mutual inductance between the integrated track coil on the left side of the track and the superconducting coil on the left side of the suspension frame will decrease. When the superconducting coil sweeps across the integrated track coil, the back electromotive force of the upper and lower loops of the right integrated track coil will be greater than that of the upper and lower loops of the left integrated track coil, respectively. Due to the lateral parallel connection of the integrated coils on both sides of the track, induced currents will be generated in the integrated track coils on both sides. Among them, the induced current in the upper and lower loops of the right integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field opposite to the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil on the right side of the suspension frame, repelling the superconducting coil. The induced current in the upper and lower loops of the left integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field in the same direction as the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil on the left side of the suspension frame, attracting the superconducting coil, thereby forming a guiding force to the left to hinder the rightward movement of the superconducting coil. Conversely, when the train has a lateral deviation to the left, the upper and lower loops of the integrated track coil on the left repel the superconducting coil, while the upper and lower loops of the integrated track coil on the right attract the superconducting coil, thus forming a guiding force to the right to hinder the superconducting coil's movement to the left.

[0019] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The integrated superconducting electric levitation system for driving, levitation, and guidance proposed in this invention can integrate train driving, levitation, and guidance functions using a set of track coils. Compared with existing technologies, this invention makes full use of the magnetic fields on both sides of the superconducting coils, which can further improve the electromagnetic output performance of the superconducting electric levitation system.

[0021] 2. This invention splits the integrated track coil on the same side into upper and lower loops, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower edges of the track sidewall. Compared with the existing figure-eight integrated coil, this invention avoids the problem of thermal stress concentration caused by the upper and lower loops being in the same coil box, and the cooling system is easier to arrange, which can effectively improve the operating environment of the integrated track coil and extend its service life.

[0022] 3. This invention separates the integrated coil on the same side of the track into upper and lower loops, making it easy to disassemble and maintain. Compared with the existing figure-eight integrated coil, when diagnosing or replacing a faulty track coil in this invention, only a single faulty loop needs to be addressed, improving maintenance efficiency and avoiding the scrapping of non-faulty loops in the integrated coil. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrated superconducting electric suspension system for driving, levitation and guidance of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is an electrical connection diagram of the integrated superconducting electric suspension system for driving, levitation, and guidance of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the driving, levitation and guiding functions of the integrated superconducting electric suspension system of the present invention (where a, b and c are the driving, levitation and guiding functions, respectively).

[0026] Figure 4 This is a two-dimensional comparison diagram of the integrated superconducting electric suspension system of the present invention and the Yamanashi test line in Japan (where a is the present invention and b is the Yamanashi test line in Japan).

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the parameters of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system of the present invention, including the integrated track coil and the superconducting coil.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the electromagnetic performance of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system involved in this invention and the Yamanashi test line in Japan (where a is the case without lateral offset, and b is the case with a lateral offset to the left of 0.01m).

[0029] In the diagram, 1-non-magnetic concrete track base; 2-low temperature container; 3-track coil box; 4-suspended frame; 5-superconducting coil; 6-integrated track coil upper loop; 7-integrated track coil lower loop. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] The present invention provides an integrated superconducting electric suspension system for driving, levitation, and guidance, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a non-magnetic concrete track base 1, a cryogenic container 2, a track coil box 3, a suspension frame 4, a superconducting coil 5, and an integrated track coil. The integrated track coil consists of an upper loop 6 and a lower loop 7. The output of driving force, levitation force, and guiding force is achieved through the injection of driving phase current, the assembly of various components, and the positional changes of the spatial attitude of the suspension frame 4.

[0032] The non-magnetic concrete track base 1 has an overall U-shaped structure, and the side walls adopt a C-shaped structure for installing the upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil. The middle part of the non-magnetic concrete track base 1 is used to accommodate the superconducting electric levitation train and constrain the running trajectory of the superconducting electric levitation train.

[0033] The integrated track coil is divided into an asymmetrical upper loop 6 and a lower loop 7 (the lateral width of the upper loop 6 is smaller than that of the lower loop 7, H). L1 <H L2 ,like Figure 5 As shown), all are rectangular coils with rounded corners and the same number of turns, and the pitch of the track coils 6 and 7 is two-thirds of the pole pitch of the superconducting coil 5 (3τ). L =2τ S ,like Figure 5 (As shown). The upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil are sequentially encapsulated in a track coil box 3 filled with epoxy resin. They are horizontally installed on the upper and lower edges of the C-shaped sidewall of the concrete track base 1 by fasteners, with the upper and lower track coil boxes 3 installed horizontally and centered. Each track coil box 3 is equipped with a pair of terminals for electrical connection of each loop of the integrated track coil.

[0034] A superconducting coil 5 is immersed in a cryogenic container 2 containing refrigerant to form a superconducting magnet. When the operating temperature of the superconducting coil 5 is below the critical temperature, the superconducting coil 5 enters the superconducting state. By injecting a high-current direct current into it, a high-intensity excitation magnetic field can be provided for the integrated track coil. The cryogenic container 2 and the superconducting coil 5 it contains are both placed horizontally. The cryogenic container 2 is fixed to both sides of the suspension frame 4 and vertically positioned between the upper loop 6 and the lower loop 7 of the integrated track (g1 = g2, as shown). Figure 4 (a) shows that the lateral center distance between the superconducting coils 5 on both sides of the suspension frame 4 is smaller than the lateral center distance between the integrated track coils on both sides of the track (y). r >0, such as Figure 4 (a) is shown.

[0035] Figure 2 The electrical connection configuration of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system for drive, levitation, and guidance of the present invention is shown: the upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil on the same side of the track are connected in parallel in the same direction via cables, and the integrated track coil on the opposite side of the track is connected in parallel laterally via cables 6 and 7; the integrated track coils 6 and 7 of the same phase on the same side of the track are connected in series with the power supply, and the phases are 120° apart.° Electrical angle.

[0036] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the driving, levitation, and guiding principles of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system involved in this invention, and the functions it can achieve are shown below:

[0037] (1) Drive function: Figure 3 (a) illustrates a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the U-phase current during the driving of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system of the present invention. Figure 3 (a) It can be seen that the three-phase alternating power supply injects alternating current into the integrated track coil loops 6 and 7 on both sides simultaneously through the transverse connecting cable. The upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the integrated coil on the same side of the track always generate traveling wave magnetic fields with the same direction, and the traveling speed of the traveling wave magnetic field is consistent with the train running speed. Therefore, when the train is running, the excitation magnetic field of the superconducting coil 5 and the traveling wave magnetic field of the track coil are relatively stationary. When the magnetic poles of the excitation magnetic field of the superconducting coil 5 and the magnetic poles of the traveling wave magnetic field of the track coil are 90° apart... ° When the electric angle is adjusted, the maximum driving force can be generated only in the direction of train travel.

[0038] (2) Hover function: Figure 3 (b) A schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the induced current in the track coils 6 and 7 during levitation in the integrated superconducting electric levitation system of the present invention is shown. Due to the asymmetry of the structure of the upper loop 6 and the lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil, even when the superconducting coil 5 is located at the center of the vertical air gap, the mutual inductance between the upper loop 6 and the lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil and the superconducting coil 5 still differs. Therefore, when the superconducting coil 5 sweeps across the integrated track coil 6, the back electromotive force of the lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil will be greater than that of the upper loop 6. Since the upper loop 6 and the lower loop 7 are connected in parallel in the same direction, an induced current will be generated between the upper loop 6 and the lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil. Among them, the induced current in the lower loop 7 of the integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field opposite to the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil 5, repelling the superconducting coil 5; the induced current in the upper loop 6 of the integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field in the same direction as the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil 5, attracting the superconducting coil 5, thereby forming an upward levitation force to hinder the downward movement of the superconducting coil 5.

[0039] (3) Guiding function: Figure 3 (c) A schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the induced current in the track coil during guidance in the integrated superconducting electric suspension system of the present invention is shown. Because the lateral center distance between the superconducting coils 5 on both sides of the suspension frame is smaller than the lateral center distance between the integrated coils on both sides of the track (y... r >0, such as Figure 4As shown in (a), when the train deviates laterally (taking a rightward deviation as an example), the mutual inductance between the integrated track coil on the right side of the track and the superconducting coil 5 on the right side of the suspension frame 4 will increase, while the mutual inductance between the integrated track coil on the left side of the track and the superconducting coil 5 on the left side of the suspension frame 4 will decrease. Therefore, when the superconducting coil 5 sweeps across the integrated track coil, the back electromotive force of the upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the right integrated track coil will be greater than that of the upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the left integrated track coil, respectively. Due to the lateral parallel connection of the integrated coils on both sides of the track, induced currents will be generated in the integrated track coils on both sides. Among them, the induced current in the upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the right integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field opposite to the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil 5 on the right side of the suspension frame 4, repelling the superconducting coil 5; the induced current in the upper loop 6 and lower loop 7 of the left integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field with the same magnetization direction as the superconducting coil 5 on the left side of the suspension frame 4, attracting the superconducting coil 5, thereby forming a leftward guiding force to hinder the rightward movement of the superconducting coil 5.

[0040] In order to demonstrate the beneficial effects of this patent, Figure 4 (a) A two-dimensional topology comparison diagram of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 (b) A two-dimensional topology comparison diagram of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system at the Yamanashi test line in Japan is shown. Figure 4 It can be seen that this invention fully utilizes the magnetic fields on both sides of the superconducting coil 5, and splits the integrated coil on the same side of the track into an upper loop 6 and a lower loop 7, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower edges of the track sidewall. Compared with the existing figure-eight integrated coil ( Figure 4 (b) The present invention avoids the problem of thermal stress concentration caused by the upper loop 6 and the lower loop 7 being in the same coil box, and the cooling system is easier to arrange, which can effectively improve the operating environment of the integrated track coils 6 and 7 and extend the service life of the track coils; at the same time, when diagnosing or replacing faults in the integrated track coils 6 and 7 in the present invention, only a single faulty loop needs to be dealt with, which improves maintenance efficiency and avoids the scrapping of non-faulty loops in the integrated coil.

[0041] To further demonstrate the improved electromagnetic performance of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system of this invention, the invention employs an integrated coil and superconducting coil with the same dimensional parameters as the Yamanashi test line in Japan (see reference). Figure 5 (See Table 1). The transient change curves of the driving force, suspension force and guiding force output by the suspension frame were compared using finite element software.

[0042] Table 1. Coil structural parameters and coil spatial position parameters of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system.

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Electromagnetic properties comparison Figure 6 As shown. Figure 6 (a) shows a comparison of the driving force and suspension force of the structure of the present invention and the integrated system of the Yamanashi test line in Japan when there is no lateral offset of the suspension frame 4 (the system has no guiding force when there is no lateral offset). As can be seen from the figure, the average driving force and suspension force of the integrated superconducting electric suspension system of the present invention can be increased by 24.41% and 17.86%, respectively. Figure 6 (b) Demonstrates a comparison of the structure of this invention with the integrated system of the Yamanashi test line in Japan in terms of driving force, suspension force, and guiding force when the suspension frame is laterally offset to the left by 0.01m. Figure 6 It can be seen that the average forces of the driving force, levitation force, and guiding force of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system of the present invention can be increased by 24.19%, 17.57%, and 51.92% respectively under the condition of lateral offset. The above simulation results further verify the improvement of the electromagnetic output performance of the integrated superconducting electric levitation system by the present invention.

Claims

1. A superconducting electric suspension system integrating driving, levitation, and guidance, characterized in that, It includes a non-magnetic concrete track base (1), a cryogenic container (2), a track coil box (3), a suspension frame (4), a superconducting coil (5), and an integrated track coil; The non-magnetic concrete track base (1) is U-shaped in general, and the side wall adopts a C-shaped structure for installing the integrated track coil. The integrated track coil is divided into an asymmetrical upper loop (6) and a lower loop (7), both of which are coil structures with the same number of turns but different sizes. They are sequentially encapsulated in a track coil box (3) filled with epoxy resin. They are horizontally installed on the upper and lower edges of the C-shaped side wall of the non-magnetic concrete track base (1) by fasteners, and the installation positions of the upper and lower track coil boxes (3) are horizontally centered. The superconducting coil (5) is immersed in a cryogenic container (2) containing refrigerant to form a superconducting magnet, which is horizontally fixed to both sides of the suspension frame (4) and vertically placed between the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil. The upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil on the same side of the track are connected in parallel in the same direction through a cable, and the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil on the opposite side of the track are connected in parallel laterally through a cable; the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil of the same phase on the same side of the track are connected in series with the power supply, and the phases are 120° electrical angle apart; The upper loop (6) has a smaller lateral width than the lower loop (7). Both are rectangular coils with rounded corners and the same number of turns. The track coil pitch is two-thirds of the superconducting coil pole pitch. The lateral center distance between the superconducting coils (5) on both sides of the suspension frame (4) is smaller than the lateral center distance between the integrated coils on both sides of the track.

2. The integrated superconducting electric suspension system for driving, levitation, and guidance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Application in drive: The three-phase alternating power supply injects alternating current into the integrated track coil loops on both sides through the transverse connecting cable. The upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated coil on the same side of the track always generate traveling wave magnetic fields in the same direction. The traveling speed of the traveling wave magnetic field is consistent with the train running speed. When the train is running, the excitation magnetic field of the superconducting coil (5) is relatively stationary with the traveling wave magnetic field of the track coil. When the magnetic poles of the excitation magnetic field of the superconducting coil (5) and the magnetic poles of the traveling wave magnetic field of the track coil are 90° electrical angle apart, the maximum driving force is generated only along the train running direction.

3. The integrated superconducting electric suspension system for driving, levitation, and guidance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Application to levitation: When the superconducting coil (5) sweeps across the integrated track coil, the back electromotive force of the lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil will be greater than that of the upper loop (6); because the upper loop (6) and the lower loop (7) are connected in parallel in the same direction, an induced current will be generated between the upper loop (6) and the lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil; among them, the induced current in the lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field opposite to the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil (5), which will repel the superconducting coil (5); the induced current in the upper loop (6) of the integrated track coil will generate an induced magnetic field in the same direction as the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil (5), which will attract the superconducting coil (5), thereby forming an upward levitation force to hinder the downward movement of the superconducting coil (5).

4. The integrated superconducting electric suspension system for driving, levitation, and guidance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Application in guidance: When the train has a lateral deviation to the right, the mutual inductance between the integrated track coil on the right side of the track and the superconducting coil (5) on the right side of the suspension frame (4) will increase, while the mutual inductance between the integrated track coil on the left side of the track and the superconducting coil (5) on the left side of the suspension frame (4) will decrease; when the superconducting coil (5) sweeps across the integrated track coil, the back electromotive force of the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the right integrated track coil will be greater than that of the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the left integrated track coil, respectively; due to the lateral parallel connection of the integrated coils on both sides of the track, induced currents will be generated in the integrated track coils on both sides; among them, the induced currents in the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the right integrated track coil will generate An induced magnetic field opposite to the magnetization direction of the superconducting coil (5) on the right side of the suspension frame (4) repels the superconducting coil (5); the induced current in the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil on the left side will generate an induced magnetic field with the same magnetization direction as the superconducting coil (5) on the left side of the suspension frame (4), attracting the superconducting coil (5), thereby forming a guiding force to the left to hinder the superconducting coil (5) from moving to the right; conversely, when the train has a lateral deviation to the left, the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil on the left side repels the superconducting coil (5), and the upper loop (6) and lower loop (7) of the integrated track coil on the right side attract the superconducting coil (5), thereby forming a guiding force to the right to hinder the superconducting coil (5) from moving to the left.

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