A variable waterplane usage small waterplane twin-hull submarine configuration

Abstract

The present application relates to a variable waterline surface use small waterline surface catamaran submarine body configuration, including connecting bridge, the bottom surface left and right interval installs support body, the support body bottom end respectively installs the submarine body, the structure of single submarine body is: including the symmetrical arrangement of side, two sides respectively include the wide part formed by the outward convexity in opposite directions, the wide part is located in the single side height direction half section; the top edge of two sides wide part extends upward and inward to form the link part, the top end of two sides link part is connected with each other or is respectively with the bottom end of corresponding support body two sides link; the bottom edge of two sides wide part of single submarine body extends downward and inward to form the sharp and thin part, the bottom end of two sides sharp and thin part front section is connected with each other and constitutes V type ship bottom structure, the bottom end of two sides sharp and thin part rear section is connected with each other and has long plane; so as to effectively solve the problem of poor rapidity of small waterline surface catamaran through submarine body configuration, so that it can give consideration to rapid performance and seakeeping performance, greatly improve the overall navigation performance of small waterline surface catamaran.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine technology, and in particular to a small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area. Background Technology

[0002] Small waterplane area catamarans (SWATCs) are high-performance vessels that, compared to conventional monohull vessels, have advantages such as longer natural motion cycles, smaller motion amplitudes, less risk of stalling in waves, and a lower probability of seasickness among passengers. They have broad application prospects in marine surveys, marine scientific research, coastal mapping, and personnel transport on marine platforms.

[0003] A typical small waterplane area catamaran mainly consists of a connecting bridge, a strut hull (left and right), and a submersible hull (left and right). The horizontal cross-section of the strut hull is approximately elliptical, and the submersible hull is generally a slender rotating body.

[0004] Because existing small waterplane area catamarans (SWACATs) have a small waterline area at the draft, their natural roll period differs significantly from their natural pitch period, resulting in a smaller motion response in waves and superior seakeeping performance. However, the large underwater volume of the submerged body providing the main buoyancy leads to greater frictional drag, which in turn affects their speed. Therefore, while typical SWACATs have excellent seakeeping performance, their speed is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing production technology, the applicant provides a structurally reasonable small waterplane area catamaran (SWAAT) hull configuration that effectively solves the problem of poor speed of SWAATs, enabling them to balance speed and seakeeping performance, and greatly improving the overall navigation performance of SWAATs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for variable waterplane area includes a connecting bridge. Parallel support columns are installed at intervals on the bottom of the connecting bridge. Submersible bodies are installed at the bottom ends of the left and right support columns, respectively. The submersible bodies are arranged longitudinally. The structure of a single submersible body includes symmetrically arranged sides, each side comprising a wide section formed by opposing outward protrusions located in the upper half of the height direction of the single side. The top edges of the wide sections on both sides of the single submersible body extend upwards and inwards to form connecting sections, with the tops of the connecting sections either connecting to each other or respectively connecting to the bottom ends of the corresponding support columns. The bottom edges of the wide sections on both sides of the single submersible body extend downwards and inwards to form tapered sections, with the front bottom ends of the tapered sections connecting to form a V-shaped hull structure. The rear bottom ends of the tapered sections on both sides are connected to a long plane.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0009] The bottom of the V-shaped hull, formed by the connection of the two pointed front sections, is a linear structure with the front and rear sections arranged in a linear pattern. The rear end of the linear structure is connected to the long plane via an inclined surface, which has a rearward and upward inclination. The width of the inclined surface gradually increases from front to back until it matches the width of the long plane.

[0010] The inclined plane forms an angle between itself and the horizontal plane within 1°-3°. The dimension (L3) of the long plane in the width direction of the submersible is ≤1.5m. The dimensions of the inclined plane and the long plane in the front-back direction of the submersible account for 40%-50% of the total length.

[0011] The linear structure is either a straight line arranged horizontally from front to back, or a narrow, elongated plane that is easy to process and manufacture, with a width of 0.1m-0.2m.

[0012] The angle between the two pointed sections of a single submersible gradually increases from the front to the middle, and tends to be constant from the middle to the rear. During the gradual increase in the front section, the angle between the pointed section on one side and the horizontal plane is within 60°-90°. During the constant process in the rear section, the angle between the pointed section on one side and the horizontal plane is within 30°-60°. The front ends of the two pointed sections extend forward to form a small bulbous nose.

[0013] The distance between the two wide sections on both sides of a single submersible gradually increases from the front to the middle, reaching its maximum at the middle of the submersible's length. The distance between the two wide sections tends to be constant from the middle of the submersible to the rear. During the gradual increase in the front section, the angle between the upper connecting part of the wide section and the horizontal plane is within 30°-60°. During the process of becoming constant in the rear section, the angle between the connecting part and the horizontal plane is within 10°-40°.

[0014] The height between the widest part and the bottom of the submersible is H2, and the total height of the submersible is H1. The ratio between H2 and H1 is between 0.6 and 0.8. The distance between the two wide parts is L2, and the ratio between L2 and H1 is between 1.3 and 2.5.

[0015] The horizontal cross-section of each submersible is a wedge-shaped section, including a slender front section that gradually widens towards the middle, and the width tends to be constant from the middle to the rear; the total length of the submersible is L1, and the ratio between L2 and L1 is 1:8-1:10.

[0016] Each submersible has a vertical plane at its stern, forming a square stern.

[0017] Both the left and right support columns are single, integral columns, or they are each composed of two columns spaced apart at the front and back. The horizontal cross-section of each column is a fluid shape that is smaller at the front and back and larger in the middle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] This invention features a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. By configuring the submersible body, including a wide upper section, a narrow lower section, and a V-shaped bottom structure located at the front of the narrow section, a submersible body with an overall heart-shaped cross-section is formed. This effectively improves the frictional resistance of the submersible body in the water, thereby solving the problem of poor speed of small waterplane area catamarans. It enables the submersible to balance speed and seakeeping performance, greatly improving the overall navigation performance of small waterplane area catamarans.

[0020] The present invention also includes the following advantages:

[0021] The horizontal profile of the submersible is set as a wedge-shaped structure to effectively improve its rapid performance, and a small bulbous bow is set at its bow to improve its wave-making state.

[0022] The small waterplane area catamaran of the present invention has a waterplane area shape similar to that of a conventional high-speed catamaran when the draft is shallow, and has a superior sailing speed. When the draft is deep, the waterplane area shape is similar to that of a typical small waterplane area catamaran, and has superior seakeeping performance.

[0023] The small waterplane area catamaran of this invention, combined with a buoyancy adjustment mechanism, has a variable waterplane area function. When discharging ballast water, the ship's draft is less than the height of the widest part of the submerged hull, the waterplane area is large and the bow is conical, resulting in good speed but slightly poor seakeeping. When loading ballast water, the ballast draft is located in the middle of the strut, the waterplane area is small, resulting in good seakeeping but slightly poor speed. Thus, the ship's draft can be adjusted by rapidly filling / draining ballast water with a water pump, allowing the ship type to balance speed and seakeeping performance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another perspective.

[0026] Figure 3 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at point AA.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at point BB.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section at point C.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along DD.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along EE.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional shape under two sets of parameter values ​​in this invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the curve of the submersible along its length in this invention.

[0034] Among them: 10. Connecting bridge; 20. Support column; 30. Submersible body;

[0035] 31. Side view; 32. Linear structure; 33. Long plane; 34. Small ball head; 35. Vertical plane; 36. Sloping surface;

[0036] 311. Connecting part; 312. Wide part; 313. Thin part. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment of a small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for variable waterplane area includes a connecting bridge 10. Parallel support columns 20 are installed at intervals on the bottom surface of the connecting bridge 10. Submersible bodies 30 are respectively installed at the bottom ends of the left and right support columns 20. The submersible bodies 30 are arranged along their longitudinal length. The structure of a single submersible body 30 includes symmetrically arranged side surfaces 31. Each side surface 31 includes a wide portion 312 formed by opposing outward protrusions. The wide portion 312 is located... In the upper half of the height direction of a single side 31; the top edges of the wide parts 312 on both sides of the single submersible 30 extend upward and inward to form a connecting part 311, the tops of the two connecting parts 311 are connected to each other or respectively connected to the bottom sides of the corresponding support body 20; the bottom edges of the wide parts 312 on both sides of the single submersible 30 extend downward and inward to form a pointed part 313, the bottom ends of the front sections of the two pointed parts 313 are connected to each other to form a V-shaped bottom structure, and the bottom ends of the rear sections of the two pointed parts 313 are connected together to a long plane 33.

[0039] By configuring the submersible 30, including the wide upper section 312, the narrow lower section 313, and the V-shaped bottom structure located at the front of the narrow section 313, a submersible 30 with an overall heart-shaped cross-section is formed, which effectively improves the frictional resistance of the submersible 30 in the water, thereby solving the problem of poor speed of small waterplane area catamarans.

[0040] The bottom of the V-shaped hull, formed by the interconnection of the two pointed sections 313, is a linear structure 32 arranged front and rear. The rear end of the linear structure 32 is connected to the long plane 33 via an inclined surface 36. The inclined surface 36 has a rearward and upward inclined trend, and the width of the inclined surface 36 gradually increases from front to back until it is consistent with the width of the long plane 33.

[0041] The inclined surface 36 forms an angle between itself and the horizontal surface within 1°-3°. The dimension (L3) of the long plane 33 in the width direction of the submersible is ≤1.5m. The dimensions of the inclined surface 36 and the long plane 33 in the front-to-back direction of the submersible account for 40%-50% of the total length.

[0042] The inclined surface 36 and the long plane 33 are designed to ensure smooth water intake at the water jet propulsion inlet.

[0043] The linear structure 32 is a straight line arranged horizontally from front to back, or a narrow and elongated plane that is easy to process and manufacture. The width of the plane is within 0.1m-0.2m, which also facilitates the docking and installation of ships for maintenance.

[0044] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the angle between the two pointed sections 313 on both sides of the single submersible 30 gradually increases from the front to the middle, and tends to be constant from the middle to the rear. During the gradual increase in the front section, the angle (β) between the single pointed section 313 and the horizontal plane is within 60°-90°. During the tendency to be constant in the rear section, the angle (β) between the single pointed section 313 and the horizontal plane is within 30°-60°. The front ends of the two pointed sections 313 extend forward to form a small bulbous head 34.

[0045] The distance between the two wide sections 312 on both sides of a single submersible 30 gradually increases from the front to the middle, reaching its maximum at the middle of the length of the submersible 30. The distance between the two wide sections 312 on both sides tends to be constant from the middle of the submersible 30 to the rear. During the process of gradually increasing the distance in the front section, the angle (α) between the upper connecting part 311 of the wide section 312 and the horizontal plane is within 30°-60°. During the process of becoming constant in the rear section, the angle (α) between the connecting part 311 and the horizontal plane is within 10°-40°.

[0046] When designing the actual configuration of the submersible 30, further restrictions can be imposed. Taking the fore-and-aft length of the submersible 30 as an example, within the range from the bow to 0.3L1, the angle β between the lower, slender section 313 and the horizontal line is 60°-90°, and the angle α between the upper connecting section 311 and the horizontal line is 30°-60°. This range from the bow to 0.3L1 mainly features a heart-shaped configuration with a deep V, which increases the slenderness of the bow and improves the ship's speed. Yes; the submersible hull 30 extends from 0.5L1 to the stern region. The angle β between the lower, slender section 313 and the horizontal line is 30°-60°, and the angle α between the upper connecting section 311 and the horizontal line is 10°-40°. The rear half of the submersible hull 30 is mainly a relatively flattened heart-shaped configuration, used to accommodate components such as the ship's main engine, resulting in poor high-speed performance. The area from 0.3L1 to 0.5L1 in length of the submersible hull 30 is a transition area, mainly connecting the slender bow and the thick stern.

[0047] The height between the widest part 312 and the bottom of the submersible 30 is H2, and the total height of the submersible 30 is H1. The ratio between H2 and H1 is between 0.6 and 0.8. The distance between the two wide parts 312 is L2, and the ratio between L2 and H1 is between 1.3 and 2.5.

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal cross-section of a single submersible 30 is a wedge-shaped section, including the slender front section that gradually widens towards the middle, and the width tends to be constant from the middle to the rear; the total length of the submersible 30 is L1, and the ratio between L2 and L1 is 1:8-1:10.

[0049] The horizontal profile of the submersible 30 is set as a wedge-shaped structure to effectively improve its rapid performance, and a small ball bow 34 is set at its bow to improve the bow's wave-making state.

[0050] Each submersible 30 has a vertical plane 35 at its stern, forming a square stern.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the left support column 20 and the right support column 20 are both single integral columns, or they are each composed of two columns arranged at intervals. The horizontal cross-section of each column is a fluid shape that is smaller at the front and back and larger in the middle.

[0052] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the support body 20 is rectangular, and its width is less than the maximum width of the submersible body 30. The support body 20 can be used to arrange shafts and maintenance passages.

[0053] To further characterize the shape of the central-shaped submersible 30 of the present invention, the submersible 30 is constructed from two aspects: the shape in the cross-section and the linear shape in the length direction, and expressed by mathematical formulas respectively.

[0054] In this invention, the shape of each cross-section of the submersible 30 along the width direction can be represented by a set of feature lines. Multiple cross-sectional shapes are arranged at intervals along the length direction and smoothly connected to form the ship's shape; the mathematical formula for the cross-sectional shape is:

[0055]

[0056] In the above formula - y is an adjustable coefficient, x is the length of the ship in the width direction in the plane, and y is the length of the ship in the height direction in the plane.

[0057] in, - The range of values ​​for the adjustable coefficient is shown in the table below:

[0058]

[0059] This embodiment provides two sets of parameters as follows:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] The curves of the two groups mentioned above are as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0063] In this invention, the length-direction profile of the submersible 30, i.e., the arrangement of the center of the cross section along a certain curve along the ship's length direction, constitutes the three-dimensional outline of the ship; the mathematical expression of this curve is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] In the above formula, a, b, c, d, e, and f are adjustable coefficients, x is the length of the ship in the plane along the length direction, and y is the length of the ship in the plane along the height direction.

[0066] This embodiment provides a set of parameters as follows, and the corresponding curves are shown below. Figure 10 As shown.

[0067]

[0068] The small waterplane area catamaran of the present invention, combined with a buoyancy adjustment mechanism, has a variable waterplane area function. When discharging ballast water, the ship's draft is less than the height of the widest part of the submerged hull 30, i.e., in shallow draft, the waterplane area is large and the bow is conical, resulting in better speed but slightly poorer seakeeping. When loading ballast water, the ballast draft is located in the middle of the support hull 20, i.e., in deep draft, the waterplane area is small, resulting in better seakeeping but slightly poorer speed. Thus, the ship's draft position can be adjusted by rapidly filling / draining ballast water with a water pump, allowing the ship type to balance speed and seakeeping performance.

[0069] This invention uses numerical calculations based on ship hydrodynamic performance theory to numerically simulate the speed performance and seakeeping performance of a ship at its design speed. The numerical calculation results show that when the ship has a relatively pointed bow, a square stern, and a long, conical waterline, its speed performance is superior; and as the waterline area gradually decreases, the ship's seakeeping performance gradually improves.

[0070] To balance these two performance characteristics—namely, a slender, tapered waterline shape for faster navigation and a smaller waterline area for improved seakeeping—the submersible hull 30 configuration of this invention is modified by changing the ship's draft to adjust the shape and area of ​​the waterline, thus achieving typical shapes for both high-speed navigation and seakeeping performance at different drafts.

[0071] Meanwhile, CFD numerical calculations were used to compare the performance of the ship type of the present invention with that of conventional catamarans and typical small waterplane area catamarans, and the results are shown in the table below.

[0072]

[0073] The comparison shows that the small waterplane area twin hull (SWDT) of this invention exhibits drag performance comparable to that of a conventional twin hull in shallow draft, without a significant increase in drag. Similarly, its seakeeping performance in deep draft is comparable to that of a conventional SWDT, without a significant increase in motion response. Therefore, it can be demonstrated that the SWDT hull design of this invention, with its superior speed, balances both speed and seakeeping capabilities.

[0074] The small waterplane area catamaran of the present invention has a waterplane area shape similar to that of a conventional high-speed catamaran when the draft is shallow, and has a superior sailing speed. When the draft is deep, the waterplane area shape is similar to that of a typical small waterplane area catamaran, and has superior seakeeping performance.

[0075] This invention solves the problem of poor speed of small waterplane area catamarans, enabling them to balance speed and seakeeping performance, thus greatly improving the overall navigation performance of small waterplane area catamarans.

[0076] The above description is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A variable waterline surface catamaran submarine body configuration, comprising a connecting bridge (10), the bottom of the connecting bridge (10) is installed with mutually parallel support bodies (20) at intervals on the left and right sides, the bottom end of the left side support body (20) and the bottom end of the right side support body (20) are respectively installed with a submarine body (30), characterized in that: The submersible body (30) is arranged along its longitudinal length. The structure of a single submersible body (30) is as follows: it includes two symmetrically arranged side surfaces (31), each side surface (31) having a wide section (312) that bulges outwards from opposite sides. The wide section (312) is located in the upper half of the height direction of the single side surface (31). The top edges of the wide sections (312) on both sides of the single submersible body (30) extend upwards and inwards to form a connecting section (311). The tops of the connecting sections (311) on both sides are connected to each other or to the bottom sides of the corresponding support body (20). The bottom edges of the wide sections (312) on both sides of the single submersible body (30) extend downwards and inwards to form a pointed section (313). The bottom ends of the front sections of the pointed sections (313) on both sides are connected to each other to form a V-shaped bottom structure. The bottom of the two pointed sections (313) are connected to a long plane (33); the bottom of the V-shaped hull formed by the connection of the front sections of the two pointed sections (313) is a linear structure (32) arranged front and back; the rear end of the linear structure (32) is connected to the long plane (33) via an inclined surface (36), the inclined surface (36) is inclined backward and upward, and the width of the inclined surface (36) gradually increases from front to back until it is consistent with the width of the long plane (33); the inclined surface (36) forms an angle of 1°-3° with the horizontal plane, the dimension (L3) of the long plane (33) in the width direction of the submersible is ≤1.5m, and the dimensions of the inclined surface (36) and the long plane (33) in the front and back direction of the submersible account for 40%-50% of the total length.

2. The small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The linear structure (32) is a straight line arranged horizontally from front to back, or a narrow and elongated plane that is easy to process and manufacture. The width of the plane is within 0.1m-0.2m.

3. The small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the two pointed sections (313) of a single submersible (30) gradually increases from the front to the middle and tends to be constant from the middle to the rear. During the gradual increase in the front section, the angle between the single pointed section (313) and the horizontal plane is within 60°-90°. During the constant in the rear section, the angle between the single pointed section (313) and the horizontal plane is within 30°-60°. The front ends of the two pointed sections (313) extend forward to form a small bulb (34).

4. The small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the two wide sections (312) on both sides of a single submersible (30) gradually increases from the front to the middle, and reaches its maximum at the middle of the length of the submersible (30). The distance between the two wide sections (312) on both sides tends to be constant from the middle of the submersible (30). During the process of gradually increasing in the front section, the angle between the upper connecting part (311) of the wide section (312) and the horizontal plane is within 30°-60°. During the process of tending to be constant in the rear section, the angle between the connecting part (311) and the horizontal plane is within 10°-40°.

5. The small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The height between the widest part (312) and the bottom of the submersible (30) is H2, and the total height of the submersible (30) is H1. The ratio between H2 and H1 is between 0.6 and 0.

8. The distance between the two wide parts (312) is L2, and the ratio between L2 and H1 is between 1.3 and 2.

5.

6. The small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal cross-section of a single submersible (30) is a wedge-shaped section, including a slender front end that gradually widens towards the middle, and the width tends to be constant from the middle to the rear; the total length of the submersible (30) is L1, and the ratio between L2 and L1 is 1:8-1:

10.

7. The small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each submersible (30) has a vertical plane (35) at its stern, forming a square stern.

8. The small waterplane area catamaran submersible configuration for use with variable waterplane area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The left-side support (20) and the right-side support (20) are both single, integral columns, or they are each composed of two columns arranged at intervals. The horizontal cross-section of each column is a fluid shape with a smaller front and back and a larger middle section.

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