Method for evaluating and controlling feedstock for entrained-flow gasifiers

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, and provides a feedstock evaluation control method for an entrained-flow gasification furnace. The feedstock evaluation control method for the entrained-flow gasification furnace comprises the following steps: calculating the slurry concentration of the feedstock, detecting the rheological property, detecting the feedstock activity, and calculating the economic benefit, and judging whether the slurry concentration, the rheological property, the feedstock activity, and the economic benefit of the feedstock are qualified; if the slurry concentration, the rheological property, the feedstock activity, and the economic benefit of the feedstock are all qualified, it is judged that the feedstock is suitable for industrialization of coal water slurry gasification; if at least one of the slurry concentration, the rheological property, the feedstock activity, and the economic benefit of the feedstock is unqualified, it is judged that the feedstock is not suitable for industrialization of coal water slurry gasification. Through comprehensive evaluation of the slurry concentration, the rheological property, the feedstock activity, and the economic benefit of the feedstock, the feedstock is evaluated from multiple angles, so that the feedstock suitable for industrialization of coal water slurry gasification in terms of physicochemical properties and economic benefit is selected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of coal chemical technology, and in particular to a method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for fluidized bed gasifiers. Background Technology

[0002] Coal-water slurry gasification technology, as an advanced and mature coal gasification technology, has been widely used in fields such as coal-to-methanol / olefins / ethylene glycol / synthetic ammonia / coal-to-hydrogen. As a non-flammable fluid, coal-water slurry has advantages such as safe and reliable coal slurry preparation, good transportation stability, high transportation pressure, low equipment investment, and easy operation. In coal gasification technology, coal-water slurry can not only be used alone, but it can also be combined with dry coal powder to form a slurry for coal gasification. The effect of coal-water slurry gasification has a significant impact on the gasification effect of the slurry. Therefore, high requirements are placed on the raw coal for preparing coal-water slurry. Raw material selection and coal quality control are key to restricting the rheological properties and slurry-forming properties of coal-water slurry. Inappropriate selection of raw coal can lead to low slurry concentration and unstable transportation properties, thus affecting the coal-water slurry gasification process.

[0003] However, there is currently no method for evaluating and controlling the suitability of raw materials to guide the selection of coal-water slurry raw materials and to determine whether they are suitable for industrial operation of coal-water slurry gasification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for fluidized bed gasifiers.

[0005] This disclosure provides a method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier, including the following steps:

[0006] S1. Calculate the pulp concentration, detect rheological properties, detect the activity of the raw materials, and calculate the economic benefits, and determine whether the pulp concentration, rheological properties, activity and economic benefits of the raw materials are qualified.

[0007] S2. If the slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits of the raw material are all qualified, the raw material is deemed suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification; if at least one of the following is unqualified, the raw material is deemed unsuitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0008] Optionally, step S1 includes:

[0009] S11. Make a preliminary assessment of the raw materials;

[0010] S12. If the raw material is determined to be a Class I raw material, the following steps shall be taken in order: calculating the pulp concentration, testing the rheological properties, testing the activity of the raw material, and calculating the economic benefits.

[0011] S13. If the raw material is determined to be a Class II raw material, the pulp concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits are calculated in parallel.

[0012] Optionally, step S12 includes:

[0013] S121. Calculate the pulp concentration of the raw materials, and determine whether the pulp concentration is qualified based on the calculation result. If the pulp concentration is not qualified, pre-treat the raw materials until the pulp concentration is qualified.

[0014] S122. The raw materials with qualified slurry concentration are pulped to obtain coal-water slurry. The rheological properties of the obtained coal-water slurry are tested. The rheological properties are determined according to the test results. If the rheological properties are not qualified, the raw materials are improved until the rheological properties are qualified.

[0015] S123. For raw materials with qualified rheological properties, test the raw material activity and determine whether the raw material activity is qualified based on the test results; if the raw material activity is unqualified, it is determined that the raw material is not suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0016] S124. Calculate the economic benefits for raw materials with qualified activity, and determine whether the economic benefits are qualified based on the calculation results. If the economic benefits are qualified, it is determined that the raw materials are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. If the economic benefits are unqualified, it is determined that the raw materials are not suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0017] Optionally, if it is determined in step S2 that the raw material is not suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification, then the process may further include the following after step S2:

[0018] S3. Adjust the raw material ratio and repeat steps S1 and S2 until the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity and economic benefits of the raw materials are all qualified. Then it is determined that the raw materials after the adjustment ratio are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0019] S4. If at least one of the following is not up to standard: pulp concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits after adjusting the ratio of raw materials, then repeat steps S1 to S3.

[0020] If the number of repeated cycles is less than the preset number, and the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the raw materials after repeated adjustments are all qualified, then the raw materials after repeated adjustments are deemed suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0021] If the number of repeated cycles reaches the preset number, but at least one of the following is unqualified: slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the raw material after repeated adjustments: then the raw material after repeated adjustments is deemed unsuitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0022] Optionally, in step S1, the pulp concentration is calculated, which specifically includes collecting multiple parameter information of the raw materials and substituting the multiple parameter information into the empirical formula for pulp concentration to calculate the pulp concentration.

[0023] The multiple parameter information includes at least the water content, oxygen content, and Hardy's grindability index of the raw material; the empirical formula for pulp concentration is: Pulp Concentration = A + B * Hardy's Grindability Index - C * Water Content of Raw Material - D * Oxygen Content, where the water content and oxygen content of the raw material are both mass percentages, and A, B, C, and D are constants, the specific values ​​of A, B, C, and D vary depending on the type of raw material.

[0024] If the pulp concentration calculated by the empirical formula is greater than or equal to 58%, then the pulp concentration is considered to be qualified.

[0025] Optionally, in step S121, the method for pretreating the raw materials when the pulp concentration is unqualified includes at least one or more of the following methods:

[0026] The water content of raw materials is reduced by drying them.

[0027] The oxygen content can be reduced by pre-oxidizing or pyrolyzing the raw materials at low temperatures;

[0028] By changing the mixing ratio of raw materials, the internal water content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove grindability index of the mixed raw materials can be altered.

[0029] Optionally, in step S1, the rheological properties are detected, specifically including:

[0030] The raw materials are first crushed to obtain raw materials with particle size and particle size distribution that meet the preset requirements;

[0031] The crushed raw materials are mixed with water and additives to prepare coal-water slurry, and the concentration of the prepared coal-water slurry is equal to 58%.

[0032] The rheological properties of the prepared coal-water slurry were tested.

[0033] Optionally, in step S1, the rheological property test includes viscosity test, flowability test, and stability and water separation rate test. When the results of the viscosity test, the flowability test, and the stability and water separation rate test are all qualified, the rheological property is determined to be qualified.

[0034] Optionally, the viscosity test specifically includes: testing the coal-water slurry prepared from the raw materials at a shear rate of 100 s⁻¹; if the viscosity of the coal-water slurry is measured to be between 600 and 1200 mPa·s, then the viscosity of the coal-water slurry is deemed to be qualified.

[0035] The fluidity test specifically includes: using a funnel with a flow outlet diameter of 16mm, measuring the flow time of 100ml of coal-water slurry through the funnel; if the flow time is less than or equal to 5 seconds, the fluidity of the coal-water slurry is deemed qualified.

[0036] The stability and water separation rate test specifically includes: sealing 500ml of coal-water slurry and letting it stand for 24 hours. If the mass percentage of the separated water is less than or equal to 5% and the mass fraction of the precipitate is less than or equal to 2%, then the stability and water separation rate of the coal-water slurry are deemed to be qualified.

[0037] Optionally, the detection of raw material activity specifically includes:

[0038] The raw materials are subjected to carbon dioxide reactivity tests, and the reactivity of the raw materials is preliminarily judged based on the test results to determine whether the reactivity of the raw materials meets the standards.

[0039] If the initial determination is that the reactivity of the raw material meets the standard, then a weight loss test is performed on the raw material, and the activity of the raw material is judged based on the weight loss test results.

[0040] If the weight loss test results meet the set requirements, the raw material activity is deemed qualified.

[0041] Optionally, the carbon dioxide reactivity test of the raw material may specifically include: testing the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw material at 850℃. If the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw material is found to be greater than or equal to 65%, the reactivity of the raw material is preliminarily determined to meet the standard.

[0042] The specific steps for performing a weight loss test on the raw materials include: crushing the raw materials to obtain particles with a diameter of 5 to 100 μm, reacting them at 1250°C for 5 minutes, weighing the materials before and after the reaction, and recording the weight loss. If the weight loss is above 80%, the raw materials are deemed to have qualified activity.

[0043] Optionally, in step S1, the economic benefits are calculated, which specifically includes: calculating the consumption per ton of product by combining raw material consumption, raw material unit price and gasification index, and calculating the economic benefits according to the pre-prepared technical and economic calculation model;

[0044] The consumption per ton of product includes at least raw material consumption, oxygen and steam consumption, water consumption, and electricity consumption.

[0045] Determining whether raw materials are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification based on economic benefit calculations includes: if the operating cost is less than or equal to the ex-factory price of the product * 0.85, then the raw materials are deemed to be economically viable and suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0046] If the operating cost is greater than the ex-factory price of the product multiplied by 0.85, then the economic benefits of the raw material are deemed unqualified and it is not suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0047] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0048] The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for fluidized bed gasifiers disclosed herein includes calculating slurry concentration, detecting rheological properties of the raw materials, detecting rheological activity of the raw materials, and calculating economic benefits of the raw materials. Only when the slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits of the raw materials are all qualified are the raw materials deemed suitable for industrial applications in coal slurry gasification. Finally, through comprehensive evaluation of the raw materials in four aspects—slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits—the raw materials are evaluated from multiple perspectives, thereby selecting industrial raw materials that are suitable for coal-water slurry gasification in terms of both physicochemical properties and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the raw material evaluation and control method for a fluidized bed gasifier according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process when the raw material described in this embodiment is a first-class raw material;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process when the raw material described in this embodiment is a first-class raw material.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process when the raw material described in this embodiment is a second type of raw material. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0056] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0057] The fluidized bed gasifier in the raw material evaluation and control method for the fluidized bed gasifier provided in this embodiment can gasify coal-water slurry and pulverized coal slurry. The pulverized coal slurry is a mixture of dry coal powder and coal-water slurry. Therefore, the raw materials selected using the raw material evaluation and control method for the fluidized bed gasifier provided in this embodiment can meet the industrial requirements of coal-water slurry gasification, and can also meet the requirements of the corresponding coal-water slurry portion in the industrialization of pulverized coal slurry gasification.

[0058] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, this disclosure provides a method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier, including the following steps:

[0059] S1. Calculate the pulp concentration, detect rheological properties, detect the activity of the raw materials, and calculate the economic benefits, and determine whether the pulp concentration, rheological properties, activity and economic benefits of the raw materials are qualified.

[0060] S2. If the slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits of the raw material are all qualified, the raw material is judged to be suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification; if at least one of the following is unqualified, the raw material is judged not to be suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0061] The raw material evaluation and control method for fluidized bed gasifiers provided in this disclosure includes calculating slurry concentration, detecting rheological properties of the raw material, detecting rheological activity of the raw material, and calculating economic benefits of the raw material. Only when the slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits of the raw material are all qualified is it determined that the raw material is suitable for industrial application in coal slurry gasification. Finally, through comprehensive evaluation of the raw material in four aspects—slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits—the raw material is evaluated from multiple perspectives, thereby selecting industrial raw materials that are suitable for coal slurry gasification in terms of both physicochemical properties and economic benefits.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, the raw material can be a single type of coal, or a mixture of multiple types of coal. In calculating the slurry concentration, the water content of the raw material can be tested and recorded using the test specifications provided by GB / T 212 (Industrial Analysis Methods for Coal). The oxygen content of the raw material can be measured or indirectly calculated and recorded using the test specifications provided by GB / T 31391 (Elemental Analysis of Coal). The ash fusion characteristics of the raw material can be measured and recorded using the test specifications provided by GB / T 219 (Determination of Ash Fusibility of Coal). The flow temperature T4 should be recorded (controlled below 1300℃; if it is higher, the raw material needs to be deashed or mixed with a certain proportion of low ash fusion point coal or flux to meet the ash fusion point requirement before it can be used; otherwise, the raw material is considered unqualified). The carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw material can be measured and recorded using the test specifications provided by GB / T 220 (Determination of Chemical Reactivity of Coal to Carbon Dioxide). The test specifications provided in 2565 (Hardgrove Method for Determination of Grindability Index of Coal) specify the measurement of the Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) of the raw material. Alternatively, the internal moisture content, oxygen content, and HGI of the raw material can be substituted into the empirical formula for pulp concentration to calculate the pulp concentration. This empirical formula for pulp concentration is derived from regression analysis of experimental data obtained from thousands of raw material property analyses and pulping tests. It can be selected that a calculated pulp concentration greater than or equal to 58% indicates a qualified pulp concentration. If the pulp concentration of the raw material is unqualified, pretreatment and modification are performed on the raw material. After modification, parameter information is collected again and substituted into the pulp concentration calculation to determine if the pulp concentration is qualified. This process of calculating pulp concentration and pretreatment modification is repeated until the calculated pulp concentration of the raw material is qualified.

[0063] In the above-mentioned operation for testing rheological properties, the raw material can be crushed first to obtain crushed raw material with a particle size that meets the requirements. The crushed raw material is then mixed with a certain proportion of water and additives to prepare a coal-water slurry. The viscosity, fluidity, stability, and water separation rate of the prepared coal-water slurry can be tested. Only when the viscosity, fluidity, stability, and water separation rate of the prepared coal-water slurry are all qualified, and the rheological properties of the raw material with qualified slurry concentration are also qualified.

[0064] In the above-mentioned operation for testing the activity of raw materials, you can choose to test the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw materials and perform weight loss testing on the raw materials. Only when the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw materials reaches the standard and the weight loss test result of the raw materials is qualified is the activity of the raw materials qualified.

[0065] In the above-mentioned calculation of economic benefits, a techno-economic calculation model can be used. This model is designed based on different raw materials and products. The slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, consumption, unit price, and gasification index of the raw materials are substituted into the economic calculation model to obtain the operating cost. The operating cost is then compared with the ex-factory price of the product to obtain the economic benefit. When the operating cost is higher than 85% of the ex-factory price of the product, the economic benefit is considered unqualified. When the operating cost is lower than 85% of the ex-factory price of the product, the economic benefit is considered qualified, indicating that the raw material is suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0066] In some embodiments, step S1 includes:

[0067] S11. Make a preliminary assessment of the raw materials;

[0068] S12. If the raw material is determined to be a Class I raw material, the following steps shall be taken in order: calculating the pulp concentration, testing the rheological properties, testing the activity of the raw material, and calculating the economic benefits.

[0069] S13. If the raw material is determined to be a Class II raw material, the calculation of pulp concentration, detection of rheological properties, detection of raw material activity, and calculation of economic benefits shall be carried out in parallel.

[0070] Specifically, a preliminary assessment of raw materials can be made by comprehensively considering the coal rank, origin, and the production experience of the personnel. Since high-rank coal has low water and oxygen content and high combustion efficiency, its slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity are generally acceptable. However, raw coal from different regions exhibits varying physicochemical properties such as water content, oxygen content, and reactivity. In industrial production, different types of coal exhibit different characteristics during coal-water slurry gasification. Personnel can rely on their production experience to determine if the physicochemical properties of the raw coal are acceptable, meaning the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity are appropriate. The first category of raw materials, where the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity cannot be determined based solely on coal rank, origin, and the personnel's production experience, requires multi-faceted evaluation. Therefore, the evaluation should proceed in the following order: calculating slurry concentration, testing rheological properties, testing raw material reactivity, and calculating economic benefits.

[0071] When the raw material in step S13 is a second type of raw material, the pulp concentration is calculated, the rheological properties are detected, the raw material activity is detected, and the economic benefits are calculated simultaneously.

[0072] Specifically, the preliminary assessment of raw materials combines the coal rank, coal origin, and the experience of the staff. The second category of raw materials is those whose slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity are qualified after preliminary assessment. At the same time, the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity of the raw materials are calculated, and the economic benefits are calculated. The calculation of slurry concentration, the detection of rheological properties, and the detection of reactivity are used to verify the correctness of the preliminary assessment results, and the calculation of economic benefits is used to evaluate whether the second category of raw materials is suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry.

[0073] The application scenario can be selected as follows: when the raw materials selected using the raw material evaluation and control method for the fluidized bed gasifier provided in this embodiment of the invention only meet the industrial requirements of coal-water slurry gasification, the gasification efficiency and economic benefits of the raw materials in subsequent processes still need to be continuously adjusted. For example, the mixing ratio of the raw materials can be adjusted, or the raw materials can be physically or chemically treated to make them more suitable for gasification. During the process of adjusting the raw materials, the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity of the raw materials are improved. That is, the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity of the adjusted raw materials are theoretically qualified. When the adjusted raw materials are evaluated and controlled using the method provided in this embodiment of the invention, the slurry concentration, rheological properties, reactivity, and economic benefits can be detected simultaneously to ensure that the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity are qualified. Furthermore, the calculated economic benefits are compared with the economic benefits of the adjusted raw materials to determine whether the adjusted raw materials have better economic benefits.

[0074] Of course, the application scenario can also be chosen when the raw material is a single type of coal or a mixture of multiple types of coal, the coal rank of the raw material is high, or the staff believes, based on experience, that the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity of the raw material are qualified. In this case, the slurry concentration, rheological properties, reactivity, and economic benefits can be tested simultaneously to verify whether the slurry concentration, rheological properties, and reactivity are qualified and to calculate the economic benefits, thereby improving the efficiency of raw material evaluation.

[0075] Furthermore, step S12 includes:

[0076] S121. Calculate the pulp concentration of the raw materials, and determine whether the pulp concentration is qualified based on the calculation result. If the pulp concentration is not qualified, pre-treat the raw materials until the pulp concentration is qualified.

[0077] S122. The raw materials with qualified slurry concentration are pulped to obtain coal-water slurry. The rheological properties of the obtained coal-water slurry are tested. The rheological properties are determined according to the test results. If the rheological properties are not qualified, the raw materials are improved until the rheological properties are qualified.

[0078] S123. For raw materials with qualified rheological properties, test the raw material activity and determine whether the raw material activity is qualified based on the test results; if the raw material activity is unqualified, it is determined that the raw material is not suitable for industrial application of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0079] S124. Calculate the economic benefits for raw materials with qualified activity, and determine whether the economic benefits are qualified based on the calculation results. If the economic benefits are qualified, it is determined that the raw materials are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. If the economic benefits are unqualified, it is determined that the raw materials are not suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0080] Specifically, after calculating the slurry concentration, if the concentration is unqualified, the raw materials are pretreated. Pretreatment includes applying pre-oxidation to the raw materials to react with oxygen, reducing the oxygen content and oxygen-containing functional groups. Alternatively, low-temperature pyrolysis can be used to reduce the oxygen content and oxygen-containing functional groups. These oxygen-containing functional groups are mostly hydrophilic; during coal-water slurry preparation, these hydrophilic functional groups adsorb water, reducing the moisture between raw material particles and affecting the slurry's fluidity. Therefore, reducing hydrophilic functional groups is necessary to improve the slurry-forming properties of the raw materials. Drying the raw materials can also reduce their internal water content. High-temperature drying causes the micropores inside the raw materials to collapse, irreversibly reducing the internal water content. Blending the raw materials can also be used, adding other types of coal to form a mixed raw material. The mixed raw material changes its internal water content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove grindability index, thereby improving its slurry-forming properties.

[0081] In the above-described rheological property testing process, when the rheological properties are unqualified, the raw materials are treated to improve them. This improvement includes modifying the process of preparing the coal-water slurry, such as changing the amount of additives to increase the concentration of the resulting coal-water slurry. Alternatively, the improvement could involve using a mixture of multiple types of coal and adjusting the blending ratio to enhance the rheological properties of the resulting coal-water slurry. In short, the improvement treatment involves processing the raw materials or the process of preparing the coal-water slurry to improve its rheological properties. The treated raw materials are then used to prepare coal-water slurry again, and the rheological properties of the resulting slurry are tested to ensure they are within acceptable limits. This process of testing and improving the rheological properties is repeated until the rheological properties are satisfactory.

[0082] In the above-mentioned operation of testing the activity of raw materials, the raw material activity test can be selected to test the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw material and to perform weight loss test on the raw material. Only when the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw material reaches the standard and the weight loss test result of the raw material is qualified is the raw material activity qualified. When the raw material activity is unqualified, it can be determined that the raw material is not suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry, and the test should be stopped.

[0083] In the above-mentioned calculation of economic benefits, a techno-economic calculation model can be used. This model is designed based on different raw materials and products. It combines the test results of the raw material's slurry concentration, rheological properties, and activity with the consumption required for pretreatment and improvement of the raw material, raw material consumption, raw material unit price, and gasification indicators into the economic calculation model to obtain the operating cost. The operating cost is then compared with the ex-factory price of the product to obtain the economic benefit. When the operating cost is higher than 85% of the ex-factory price of the product, the economic benefit is unqualified. When the operating cost is lower than or equal to 85% of the ex-factory price of the product, the economic benefit is qualified, and the raw material is suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0084] The above-mentioned raw materials are only used for calculating economic benefits when the pulp concentration, rheological properties and reactivity are all qualified. This ensures that sufficient data can be collected when calculating economic benefits, and the cost of pretreatment and improvement treatment of raw materials is also included in the calculation of economic benefits, thereby improving the accuracy of the obtained economic benefits.

[0085] In this specific implementation, multiple parameter information of the raw materials is first collected. This parameter information is then substituted into the empirical formula for pulp concentration to calculate the pulp concentration. If the pulp concentration is unqualified, the raw materials are pretreated to improve their properties. Multiple parameter information of the pretreated raw materials is collected again to calculate the pulp concentration. This process of calculating concentration and pretreatment is repeated until the pulp concentration of the raw materials is qualified. When the pulp concentration is qualified, the raw materials are pulped to obtain coal-water slurry. The rheological properties of the obtained coal-water slurry are tested. If the rheological property test results are unqualified, the raw materials are improved. After the improved raw materials are pulped, rheological property tests are performed again. This process of testing rheological properties and improving the properties is repeated. The process involves careful processing until the rheological properties of the raw materials meet the requirements. For raw materials with acceptable rheological properties, an activity test is conducted. Once the activity test is passed, the consumption per ton of product is calculated based on raw material consumption, unit price, and gasification indicators. Furthermore, the economic benefits are calculated using a pre-prepared technical and economic calculation model. If the economic benefits are also satisfactory, the raw material is suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification. A comprehensive evaluation is conducted on the raw materials, considering four aspects: slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits. During the evaluation process, pretreatment and improvement treatments are combined to adjust the physicochemical properties of the raw materials, ultimately obtaining raw materials suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification in terms of both physicochemical properties and economic benefits.

[0086] In some embodiments, if it is determined in step S2 that the raw material is not suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification, then the process further includes the following after step S2:

[0087] S3. Adjust the raw material ratio and repeat steps S1 and S2 until the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity and economic benefits of the raw materials are all qualified. Then it is determined that the raw materials after the adjustment ratio are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0088] S4. If at least one of the following is not up to standard: pulp concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits after adjusting the ratio of raw materials, then repeat steps S1 to S3.

[0089] If the number of repeated cycles is less than the preset number, and the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the raw materials after repeated adjustments are all qualified, then the raw materials after repeated adjustments are deemed suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0090] If the number of repeated cycles reaches the preset number, but at least one of the following is unqualified: slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the raw material after repeated adjustments: then the raw material after repeated adjustments is deemed unsuitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0091] Specifically, step S1 can be used to first test a single raw material, such as any one of lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite, semi-coking coal, or solid waste. If step S2 determines that the raw material is unsuitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification, step S3 can be used to add other types of coal to the single raw material. For example, if anthracite is selected as the raw material, and the economic benefits of anthracite are determined to be unsatisfactory in steps S1 and S2, adding some lignite or semi-coking coal can reduce the unit price of the raw material. Then, the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the mixed raw material are tested to see if they are all satisfactory. The above process from step S1 to step S3 can be repeated continuously to change the types of materials that make up the raw material and their respective proportions, so that the mixed raw material meets the requirements of slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits, and the proportion of mixed raw materials that meets the requirements of industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification can be determined.

[0092] The number of cycles from steps S1 to S3 in step S4 is finite. The preset number of cycles can be five, ten, or other values. The selection of the preset number of cycles depends on the actual situation, such as the budget when selecting raw materials, or the number of cycles when selecting raw materials within a limited time. The preset number of cycles from steps S1 to S3 is determined by combining various aspects in actual production. It can improve the efficiency of determining whether raw materials are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry under limited time and resources. However, it does not mean that if the number of cycles from steps S1 to S3 is greater than the preset number, it will be impossible to obtain industrial raw materials suitable for coal-water slurry gasification.

[0093] If, in step S2, it is determined that the raw material is not suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification, then step S3 is added after step S2. By adjusting the raw material ratio and repeating steps S1 to S2, until the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the raw material are all qualified, then the raw material with the adjusted ratio is determined to be suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification. This allows the raw material evaluation and control method for fluidized bed gasifiers to be used not only for comprehensive evaluation of single-type raw materials but also for comprehensive evaluation of mixed raw materials made from multiple types of raw materials, thus expanding the applicability of the raw material evaluation and control method for fluidized bed gasifiers. Furthermore, the method allows for dynamic adjustment of the raw material ratio while evaluating the raw material, ultimately obtaining raw materials suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification. Additionally, step S4 is added, setting a maximum preset number of cycles for steps S1 to S3 to avoid wasting energy and time on excessive cycles of steps S1 to S3, thereby improving the efficiency of the raw material evaluation and control method for fluidized bed gasifiers.

[0094] In some embodiments, step S1 includes collecting and acquiring raw material information and calculating the pulp concentration. Specifically, the collected raw material information includes at least the water content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove Grinding Index of the raw material. The empirical formula for calculating the pulp concentration is: Pulp Concentration = A + B * Hardgrove Grinding Index - C * Water Content of Raw Material - D * Oxygen Content, where the water content and oxygen content are both mass percentages, and A, B, C, and D are constants, the specific values ​​of which vary depending on the type of raw material. The mass percentage content is calculated by taking a set weight of raw material and calculating the weight of the corresponding element in that set weight of raw material; the ratio of the weight of the corresponding element to the set weight is the mass percentage of that element.

[0095] Specifically, regarding the collection and acquisition of raw material information: pretreatment and analysis testing can be performed on a single type of raw material to obtain relatively complete information on its physical properties. Alternatively, physical property information can be collected separately for each type of coal in a mixed raw material. Specifically, the internal moisture content of the raw material can be tested and recorded using the raw material pretreatment methods and testing specifications provided by GB / T 212 (Industrial Analysis Methods for Coal). The oxygen content of the raw material can be measured or indirectly calculated and recorded using the raw material pretreatment methods and testing specifications provided by GB / T 31391 (Elemental Analysis of Coal). The Hardgrove Grinding Index (HGI) of the raw material can be measured using the raw material pretreatment methods and testing specifications provided by GB / T 2565 (Determination of Grindability Index of Coal - Hardgrove Method). This ensures that the internal moisture content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove Grinding Index of the raw material can all be measured using the testing methods provided by national standards, making the detection of internal moisture content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove Grinding Index of the raw material universal.

[0096] For calculating the pulp concentration of raw materials: Alternatively, the empirical formula for pulp concentration can be set in the calculation module. After the staff inputs the water content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove grindability index of the raw material into the calculation module, and confirms the category of the raw material, the calculation module calls the database to determine the values ​​of A, B, C, and D, thus calculating the pulp concentration of the raw material. Alternatively, the values ​​of the constants A, B, C, and D in the empirical formula for pulp concentration can be determined by consulting reference books based on the different categories of raw materials, and then the staff can manually calculate the pulp concentration of the raw material.

[0097] The above empirical formula for pulp concentration is applicable to calculating pulp concentration from a single type of raw material. When the raw material is of a single type, the values ​​of A, B, C, and D are determined based on the type of raw material. It is also applicable to calculating pulp concentration from a mixture of multiple types of raw materials. The formula assigns the corresponding values ​​of A, B, C, and D to each type of raw material in the mixture. The A value of each type of raw material is multiplied by its proportion in the mixture, and the results are summed to obtain the A value of the mixture. Similarly, the B value of each type of raw material is multiplied by its proportion in the mixture, and the results are summed to obtain the B value of the mixture. The C value of each type of raw material is multiplied by its proportion in the mixture, and the results are summed to obtain the C value of the mixture. The D value of each type of raw material is multiplied by its proportion in the mixture, and the results are summed to obtain the D value of the mixture. The values ​​of A, B, C, and D of the mixture are then substituted into the empirical formula for pulp concentration to obtain the raw material proportions for calculating the pulp concentration of the mixture.

[0098] Finally, the pulp concentration corresponding to the raw material can be calculated based on the major categories A, B, C, and D. The pulp concentration of the raw material can be obtained without performing pulping operations, saving time in making a preliminary judgment on whether the raw material is suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry and improving the efficiency of selecting raw materials suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry.

[0099] Furthermore, in step S11, the method for pretreating the raw material when the pulp concentration is unqualified includes at least one or more of the following methods: reducing the water content of the raw material by drying it; specifically, the raw material can be placed in a high-temperature environment for drying, or placed in high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam evaporates the water in the raw material and causes the micropores inside the raw material to collapse, thereby irreversibly reducing the water content; reducing the oxygen content of the raw material by pre-oxidation or low-temperature pyrolysis; the raw material is placed in high-temperature steam containing water vapor, where oxygen reacts with water vapor, reducing the oxygen content. Furthermore, the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the raw material can also react with water vapor, thereby reducing the number of oxygen-containing functional groups and thus reducing the oxygen content. To reduce oxygen content, one can also heat the coal to 500℃~800℃ in the absence of air or oxygen, causing pyrolysis and reducing the oxygen content and the number of oxygen-containing functional groups. Alternatively, the mixing ratio of raw materials can be changed to alter the internal water content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove grindability index of the mixed raw materials. For example, if the original raw material is low-rank coal, which has a high internal water content and a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, adding high-rank coal to form a mixed raw material results in a lower internal water content and fewer oxygen-containing functional groups compared to low-rank coal. Overall, the mixed raw material produced by mixing high-rank and low-rank coal has a lower internal water content and a lower number of oxygen-containing functional groups. Furthermore, because high-rank and low-rank coals have different Hardgrove grindability indices, the Hardgrove grindability index of the mixed raw material also changes.

[0100] Ultimately, the raw materials are dried, pre-oxidized, or pyrolyzed at low temperature, or the raw material mixing ratio is changed to improve multiple parameters of the raw materials, so that the pulp concentration calculated after the raw materials are pretreated is qualified.

[0101] When conducting rheological property tests on raw materials after pulping, the raw materials with qualified pulp concentration are pulped to obtain coal-water slurry. Specifically, the raw materials with qualified pulp concentration are first crushed to obtain raw materials with particle size and particle size distribution that meet the preset requirements; the crushed raw materials are mixed with water and additives to obtain coal-water slurry with a concentration of 58%.

[0102] Specifically, raw materials with qualified slurry concentration can be selected and crushed in a mill to obtain raw materials with particle size and particle size distribution that meet preset requirements. The preset requirements for particle size and particle size distribution are as follows:

[0103] >14 mesh 0-2 14~40 mesh 3-7 40~200 mesh 35-50 200~325 mesh 5-28 <325 mesh 30-40

[0104] The crushed raw materials are mixed with water and additives to prepare coal-water slurry. The additive can be lignin sulfonate, and the amount of additive is 0.2% of the raw material mass. The amount of water added is adjusted so that the concentration of the prepared coal-water slurry is equal to 58%. The coal-water slurry with a concentration of 58% is selected for subsequent rheological property testing.

[0105] The slurry concentration obtained from the raw material in the calculation is the theoretical concentration of the coal-water slurry that can be prepared from the raw material. In actual industrial applications, the concentration of coal-water slurry is adjusted according to different processes. The raw material needs to be prepared into coal-water slurry of different concentrations by adding different masses of water and additives according to the requirements of industrial applications. However, the concentration of coal-water slurry in industrial applications is usually at least 58%. Therefore, a coal-water slurry with a concentration of 58% is selected from the raw material for subsequent rheological property testing. This means that the rheological property test is conducted on the coal-water slurry with a coal slurry concentration that meets the minimum requirements for industrial applications. As long as the 58% coal slurry prepared from the raw material meets the rheological property requirements, the higher concentration coal-water slurry prepared from the raw material in actual applications can also meet the rheological property requirements of industrial applications. Therefore, the concentration of coal-water slurry prepared from the raw material is adjusted to 58% by adjusting the amount of water and additives, and then the rheological characteristics are tested.

[0106] Furthermore, the rheological property test includes viscosity test, flowability test, stability and water separation rate test. When the results of the viscosity test, flowability test, stability and water separation rate test are all qualified, the rheological properties are deemed qualified.

[0107] Specifically, viscosity and flowability indicate whether the coal-water slurry flows smoothly, ensuring smooth transport during industrial applications. Stability and water separation rate indicate whether the slurry concentration will change due to water separation and sedimentation after prolonged storage, ensuring that the slurry concentration will not change due to water separation and sedimentation even after long periods of storage, thus avoiding impacts on coal-water slurry gasification production. When the results of viscosity, flowability, stability, and water separation rate tests are all qualified, the rheological properties are considered acceptable. This means that the rheological properties of the raw material must simultaneously meet the requirements of viscosity, flowability, stability, and water separation rate to be considered acceptable. Therefore, using multiple standards to evaluate the rheological properties of the raw material from multiple perspectives ensures that raw materials with qualified rheological properties can meet the requirements of actual production.

[0108] The viscosity test specifically includes: subjecting the prepared coal water slurry to a viscosity test on a viscosity tester, controlling the shear rate of the viscosity tester at 100s⁻¹. A common ordinary viscosity tester can be selected as the viscosity tester. If the measured viscosity of the coal water slurry is between 600 and 1200 mPa·s, the viscosity of the coal water slurry is determined to be qualified. The viscosity detection operation using the viscosity tester is simple, and the detection results are universal. If the viscosity of the coal slurry is low, it is beneficial to the atomization of the slurry and reduces pipeline resistance, but it is prone to sedimentation and stratification in the delivery pipeline, with poor stability; a relatively high viscosity of the coal slurry is beneficial to the stable delivery of the slurry, but the pipeline resistance will increase, and the atomization effect of the coal slurry burner after entering the gasifier is poor, which is not conducive to the progress of the gasification reaction. Therefore, the viscosity of the coal water slurry being between 600 and 1200 mPa·s ensures that the coal water slurry prepared from the raw materials can not only ensure the smooth progress of the gasification reaction, but also prevent the coal water slurry from settling in the delivery pipeline.

[0109] The fluidity test specifically includes: using a funnel with a discharge opening diameter of 16mm, recording the time for 500ml of coal water slurry to completely pass through the funnel, converting to the flow time per 100ml of coal water slurry. If the flow time is 5 seconds or less, the fluidity of the coal water slurry is determined to be qualified. A funnel with a discharge opening diameter of 16mm and a volume of at least greater than 500ml can be selected. After placing all 500ml of coal water slurry in the funnel, the coal water slurry is allowed to pass through the discharge opening of the funnel, so as to improve the accuracy of the fluidity test. The detection using the funnel is convenient and fast, and will not contaminate the coal water slurry, so that the coal water slurry after the detection can still be used for other detections;

[0110] The stability and water separation rate test specifically includes: pouring 500ml of coal water slurry into a graduated cylinder, sealing and allowing it to stand for 24 hours, recording the proportion of separated water, then performing a falling rod test with a glass rod, and recording the proportion of sediment at the bottom of the graduated cylinder. If the mass proportion of the separated water is 5% or less and the mass fraction of the sediment is 2% or less, the stability and water separation rate of the coal water slurry are determined to be qualified. In the specific water separation rate test, the separated water refers to the water collected after 500ml of coal water slurry is allowed to stand for 24 hours. The mass proportion of the separated water is the ratio of the mass of the separated water to the mass of the original 500ml of coal water slurry. The mass fraction of the sediment is the proportion of the mass of the sediment, which is collected after 500ml of coal water slurry is allowed to stand for 24 hours, in the mass of the original 500ml of coal water slurry. Sealing and allowing the coal water slurry to stand can simulate the state of the coal water slurry in actual industrial production, so that the detected stability and water separation rate have practical guiding significance.

[0111] When conducting raw material activity testing, the specific steps include: performing a carbon dioxide reactivity test on the raw material, and making a preliminary judgment on whether the reactivity of the raw material meets the standard based on the test results; if the reactivity of the raw material is preliminarily determined to meet the standard, then performing a weight loss test on the raw material, and judging whether the activity of the raw material is qualified based on the weight loss test results; if the weight loss test results meet the set requirements, then the activity of the raw material is determined to be qualified.

[0112] Specifically, GB / T 220 (Determination of Chemical Reactivity of Coal to Carbon Dioxide) can be used to conduct carbon dioxide reactivity tests on raw materials with qualified rheological properties for preliminary judgment. The weight loss test involves reacting the raw material in a set atmosphere at a set temperature for a set time, and detecting the weight change of the raw material before and after the reaction. The reactivity of the raw material is judged based on the weight change. The weight loss test can be set to require the raw material to lose more than 80% of its weight before and after the reaction. The set atmosphere can be a mixture of water vapor and oxygen, the set temperature can be 1250℃, and the set time can be 5 minutes.

[0113] Since the weight loss test in the raw material activity test consumes raw materials, the carbon dioxide reactivity test can be used to preliminarily screen qualified raw materials for subsequent weight loss tests, thus avoiding waste of raw materials and improving the efficiency of raw material activity testing.

[0114] Specifically, the above-mentioned carbon dioxide reactivity test for raw materials with qualified rheological properties includes testing the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw materials at 850℃. If the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw materials is found to be greater than or equal to 65%, the reactivity of the raw materials is preliminarily determined to meet the standard. The carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw materials at 850℃ is tested using GB / T 220 (Determination of the chemical reactivity of coal to carbon dioxide) 8. The results are universal and can be used on various types of coal.

[0115] The specific steps for weight loss testing of raw materials with acceptable rheological properties include: crushing the raw materials to obtain particles with a diameter of 5 to 100 μm; conducting an activity test in a muffle furnace or thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with an atmosphere of water vapor and oxygen; propelling the temperature to 1250°C and holding for 5 minutes; then directly replacing the atmosphere with an inert nitrogen atmosphere to terminate the reaction; weighing the materials before and after the reaction; and recording the weight loss. A setting requirement of at least 80% weight loss can be selected; that is, if the weight loss is above 80%, the raw material is considered to have acceptable activity. The weight loss is defined as the percentage of the difference between the weight of the raw material after the reaction and its weight before the reaction, relative to the weight of the raw material before the reaction.

[0116] In the detection of step S4, the consumption per ton of product includes at least raw material consumption, oxygen and steam consumption, water consumption, and electricity consumption. The determination of whether the raw material is suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification based on the economic benefit calculation results specifically includes: if the operating cost is ≤ product ex-factory price * 0.85, then the economic benefit of the raw material is deemed qualified and suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification; if the operating cost is > product ex-factory price * 0.85, then the economic benefit of the raw material is deemed unqualified and not suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0117] Specifically, the ex-factory price is the market price of products made from coal-water slurry. The ex-factory price is adjusted in sync with the market. Raw material consumption, oxygen and steam consumption, water consumption, and electricity consumption represent the consumption of raw materials from the start of industrial production to the completion of industrial production. This includes the consumption of raw materials during pretreatment and improvement treatment when the raw materials require such treatment. The consumption of raw materials per ton of product from the start of industrial production to the completion of industrial production is calculated. Substituting the consumption per ton of product into the techno-economic calculation model yields the operating cost of producing the product. Only when the operating cost is less than 85% of the ex-factory price of the product can the company guarantee profitability.

[0118] The economic benefits calculated based on all consumption during the product manufacturing process have practical guiding significance for industrial production, and operating costs exceeding 85% of the product's ex-factory price can guarantee that producing the product is profitable.

[0119] The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for fluidized bed gasifiers disclosed herein is implemented as follows: First, multiple parameters of the raw materials are collected. These parameters are then substituted into the empirical formula for slurry concentration: Slurry concentration = A + B * Hardgrove Grindability Index - C * Water content in raw materials - D * Oxygen content (where water content and oxygen content are mass contents, and A, B, C, and D are constants, with specific values ​​varying depending on the type of raw material). The slurry concentration is then calculated based on the calculation results. If the slurry concentration is unqualified, the raw materials are pretreated. For example, the water content can be reduced by drying the raw materials, or the oxygen-containing functional groups and oxygen content can be reduced by pre-oxidation or low-temperature pyrolysis. Alternatively, the mixing ratio of the raw materials can be changed to alter the water content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove Grindability Index of the mixed raw materials. The calculation and pretreatment are repeated until the slurry concentration is qualified.

[0120] Raw materials with acceptable slurry concentration are first crushed to obtain raw materials with particle size and distribution meeting preset requirements. The crushed raw materials are then mixed with water and additives to prepare coal-water slurry with a concentration of 58%. The prepared coal-water slurry is subjected to viscosity, flowability, stability, and water separation rate tests. The viscosity test specifically involves measuring the viscosity of the prepared coal-water slurry on a viscometer with a shear rate controlled at 100 s⁻¹. If the measured viscosity of the coal-water slurry is between 600 and 1200 mPa·s, the viscosity is considered acceptable. The flowability test specifically involves using a funnel with a flow outlet diameter of 16 mm and recording 50... The time it takes for 0 ml of coal-water slurry to pass through the funnel is used to calculate the flow time per 100 ml of slurry. If the flow time is less than or equal to 5 seconds, the slurry's flowability is considered acceptable. The stability and water separation rate tests specifically include: pouring 500 ml of coal-water slurry into a graduated cylinder, sealing it, and letting it stand for 24 hours; recording the percentage of water separated; then performing a drop test with a glass rod and recording the percentage of sediment at the bottom of the graduated cylinder; if the mass percentage of water separated is less than or equal to 5% and the mass fraction of sediment is less than or equal to 2%, the slurry's stability and water separation rate are considered acceptable. When the results of the viscosity test, flowability test, and stability and water separation rate test are all acceptable, the rheological properties are considered acceptable. If the rheological properties are unacceptable, the raw materials are improved, for example, by changing the amount of additives and the mixing ratio of the raw materials. The rheological property tests and improvement treatments are repeated until the rheological properties of the raw materials are acceptable.

[0121] Raw materials with qualified rheological properties undergo activity testing. This includes carbon dioxide reactivity testing and weight loss testing. Weight loss testing is performed only after the carbon dioxide reactivity test results meet the standard. Specifically, the carbon dioxide reactivity test measures the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw material at 850℃. If the measured carbon dioxide reactivity is greater than or equal to 65%, the raw material's reactivity is preliminarily considered to meet the standard. The weight loss test involves crushing the raw material to obtain particles with a diameter of 5 to 100 μm. The raw material is then subjected to an activity test in a muffle furnace or thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with an atmosphere of water vapor and oxygen. The temperature is programmed to rise to 1250℃, held for 5 minutes, and then the atmosphere is directly replaced with an inert nitrogen atmosphere to terminate the reaction. The materials before and after the reaction are weighed, and the weight loss is recorded. A setting requirement of weight loss of 80% or more can be selected; that is, if the weight loss is 80% or more, the raw material's activity is considered qualified.

[0122] Assuming the raw material's slurry concentration, rheological properties, and activity are all within acceptable limits, the consumption per ton of product is calculated by combining raw material consumption, raw material unit price, and gasification indicators. The consumption per ton of product includes at least raw material consumption, oxygen / steam consumption, water consumption, and electricity consumption. The economic benefits are calculated based on a pre-prepared technical and economic calculation model. If the calculated operating cost is ≤ product ex-factory price * 0.85, the raw material is deemed to have acceptable economic benefits and is suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. If the operating cost is > product ex-factory price * 0.85, the raw material is deemed to have unacceptable economic benefits and is not suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

[0123] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0124] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Calculate the pulp concentration, detect rheological properties, detect the activity of the raw materials, and calculate the economic benefits of the raw materials, and determine whether the pulp concentration, rheological properties, activity of the raw materials, and economic benefits are qualified. S2. If the slurry concentration, rheological properties, activity, and economic benefits of the raw material are all qualified, the raw material is deemed suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification; if at least one of the following is unqualified, the raw material is deemed unsuitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. Step S1 includes: S11. Make a preliminary assessment of the raw materials; S12. If the raw material is determined to be a Class I raw material, the following steps shall be taken in order: calculating the pulp concentration, testing the rheological properties, testing the activity of the raw material, and calculating the economic benefits. S13. If the raw material is determined to be a Class II raw material, the pulp concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity and economic benefits shall be calculated in parallel. The initial assessment of raw materials combines the coal rank, coal origin, and the experience of the staff. The first type of raw material is one in which the slurry concentration, rheological properties and reactivity of the raw coal cannot be determined to be qualified based on a comprehensive judgment of coal rank, coal origin and the production experience of the staff. The second type of raw material is one in which the raw coal has been preliminarily judged to have qualified slurry concentration, rheological properties and reactivity.

2. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S12 includes: S121. Calculate the pulp concentration of the raw materials, and determine whether the pulp concentration is qualified based on the calculation result. If the pulp concentration is not qualified, pre-treat the raw materials until the pulp concentration is qualified. S122. The raw materials with qualified slurry concentration are pulped to obtain coal-water slurry. The rheological properties of the obtained coal-water slurry are tested. The rheological properties are determined according to the test results. If the rheological properties are not qualified, the raw materials are improved until the rheological properties are qualified. S123. For raw materials with qualified rheological properties, test the raw material activity and determine whether the raw material activity is qualified based on the test results; if the raw material activity is unqualified, it is determined that the raw material is not suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. S124. Calculate the economic benefits for raw materials with qualified activity, and determine whether the economic benefits are qualified based on the calculation results. If the economic benefits are qualified, it is determined that the raw materials are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. If the economic benefits are unqualified, it is determined that the raw materials are not suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

3. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, If it is determined in step S2 that the raw material is not suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification, then the process after step S2 includes: S3. Adjust the raw material ratio and repeat steps S1 and S2 until the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity and economic benefits of the raw materials are all qualified. Then it is determined that the raw materials after the adjustment ratio are suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. S4. If at least one of the following is not up to standard: pulp concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits after adjusting the ratio of raw materials, then repeat steps S1 to S3. If the number of repeated cycles is less than the preset number, and the slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the raw materials after repeated adjustments are all qualified, then the raw materials after repeated adjustments are deemed suitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. If the number of repeated cycles reaches the preset number, but at least one of the following is unqualified: slurry concentration, rheological properties, raw material activity, and economic benefits of the raw material after repeated adjustments: then the raw material after repeated adjustments is deemed unsuitable for industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

4. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the pulp concentration is calculated, which specifically includes collecting multiple parameter information of the raw materials and substituting the multiple parameter information into the empirical formula for pulp concentration to calculate the pulp concentration. The aforementioned parameters include at least the water content, oxygen content, and Hardy Grindability Index of the raw material; the empirical formula for pulp concentration is: Pulp Concentration = A + B Hastings Grindability Index - C Water content in raw materials - D Oxygen content, where both water content and oxygen content in the raw material are mass percentages. A, B, C, and D are constants, and their specific values ​​vary depending on the type of raw material. If the pulp concentration calculated by the empirical formula is greater than or equal to 58%, then the pulp concentration is considered to be qualified.

5. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S121, the method for pretreating the raw materials when the pulp concentration is unqualified includes at least one or more of the following methods: The water content of raw materials is reduced by drying them. The oxygen content can be reduced by pre-oxidizing or pyrolyzing the raw materials at low temperatures; By changing the mixing ratio of raw materials, the internal water content, oxygen content, and Hardgrove grindability index of the mixed raw materials can be altered.

6. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the rheological properties are detected, specifically including: The raw materials are first crushed to obtain raw materials with particle size and particle size distribution that meet the preset requirements; The crushed raw materials are mixed with water and additives to prepare coal-water slurry, and the concentration of the prepared coal-water slurry is equal to 58%. The rheological properties of the prepared coal-water slurry were tested.

7. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the rheological property test includes viscosity test, flowability test, and stability and water separation rate test. When the results of the viscosity test, the flowability test, and the stability and water separation rate test are all qualified, the rheological property is determined to be qualified.

8. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 7, characterized in that, The viscosity test specifically includes: testing the coal-water slurry prepared from the raw materials at a shear rate of 100 s⁻¹. If the viscosity of the coal-water slurry is measured to be between 600 and 1200 mPa·s, then the viscosity of the coal-water slurry is deemed to be qualified. The fluidity test specifically includes: using a funnel with a flow outlet diameter of 16mm, measuring the flow time of 100ml of coal-water slurry through the funnel; if the flow time is less than or equal to 5 seconds, the fluidity of the coal-water slurry is deemed qualified. The stability and water separation rate test specifically includes: sealing 500ml of coal-water slurry and letting it stand for 24 hours. If the mass percentage of the separated water is less than or equal to 5% and the mass fraction of the precipitate is less than or equal to 2%, then the stability and water separation rate of the coal-water slurry are deemed to be qualified.

9. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific methods for testing the activity of raw materials include: The raw materials are subjected to carbon dioxide reactivity tests, and the reactivity of the raw materials is preliminarily judged based on the test results to determine whether the reactivity of the raw materials meets the standards. If the initial determination is that the reactivity of the raw material meets the standard, then a weight loss test is performed on the raw material, and the activity of the raw material is judged based on the weight loss test results. If the weight loss test results meet the set requirements, the raw material activity is deemed qualified.

10. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 9, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide reactivity test of the raw materials specifically includes: testing the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw materials at 850℃. If the carbon dioxide reactivity of the raw materials is found to be greater than or equal to 65%, it is preliminarily determined that the reactivity of the raw materials meets the standard. The specific steps for performing a weight loss test on the raw materials include: crushing the raw materials to obtain particles with a diameter of 5 to 100 μm, reacting them at 1250°C for 5 minutes, weighing the materials before and after the reaction, and recording the weight loss. If the weight loss is above 80%, the raw materials are deemed to have qualified activity.

11. The method for evaluating and controlling raw materials for a fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the economic benefits are calculated, which specifically includes: calculating the consumption per ton of product by combining raw material consumption, raw material unit price and gasification index, and calculating the economic benefits according to the pre-prepared technical and economic calculation model; The consumption per ton of product includes at least raw material consumption, oxygen and steam consumption, water consumption, and electricity consumption. Determining whether raw materials are suitable for industrial-scale coal-water slurry gasification based on economic benefit calculations specifically includes: if operating costs are less than or equal to the ex-factory price of the product. If the value is 0.85, the economic benefits of the raw material are deemed acceptable, and it is suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification. If operating costs > product ex-factory price If the value is 0.85, the economic benefits of the raw material are deemed unqualified, and it is not suitable for the industrialization of coal-water slurry gasification.

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