A zero-carbon-based gas-liquid-solid raw material entrained-flow gasifier

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of gasification furnace, provide a kind of with zero carbon as main gas-liquid solid raw material's gas flow bed gasification furnace.The side wall of the combustion chamber of the gas flow bed gasification furnace is provided with water-cooled wall pipe disc, and combined type grab nail is arranged on the water-cooled wall pipe disc, and the combined type grab nail includes first group of grab nails, second group of grab nails and refractory layer, the first group of grab nails includes anchor nail and pin, one end of the anchor nail is welded to the water-cooled wall pipe disc, the other end of the anchor nail is provided with triangular inverted grab hook, the hook portion of the triangular inverted grab hook is towards the anchor nail, the pin is connected to the top of the triangular inverted grab hook and protrudes from the triangular inverted grab hook, the refractory layer is laid along the direction of the water-cooled wall pipe disc to the first group of grab nails, and the first group of grab nails is embedded in the refractory layer as a whole, the side of the refractory layer away from the water-cooled wall pipe disc is provided with a plurality of reserved holes, and the second group of grab nails is multiple and independently embedded in the reserved hole. It can realize that the combustion chamber is not hung with slag, and the refractory material is not easy to be washed and ablated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gasifiers, and more specifically, to a fluidized bed gasifier using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main type of zero-carbon feedstock gasifier is the circulating fluidized bed low-pressure gasifier. Circulating fluidized bed low-pressure gasifiers primarily use biomass as feedstock, which is gasified within a circulating fluidized bed. Because the reaction temperature during gasification is below 1000℃, which is lower than the melting point of ash, the slag discharge is solid. Furthermore, due to the low reaction temperature, tar and ash easily adhere, leading to problems such as slag buildup or erosion of the refractory materials in the combustion chamber. When molten slag is flushed, the refractory materials are also washed away. Therefore, the overall online operation of circulating fluidized bed low-pressure gasifiers is difficult, has a short cycle, and low gasification efficiency.

[0003] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The objectives of this invention include, for example, providing a fluidized bed gasifier using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component, which can achieve slag-free combustion chamber and prevent refractory materials from being easily eroded or burned.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component, comprising a combustion chamber and a waste heat boiler process, or a combustion chamber and a quenching process, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with a slag outlet, and the slag outlet is connected to the waste heat boiler process or the quenching process.

[0007] The combustion chamber is provided with a water-cooled wall tube coil on its side wall. The water-cooled wall tube coil is provided with a combination of clamps. The combination of clamps includes a first set of clamps, a second set of clamps, and a refractory material layer. The first set of clamps includes an anchoring nail and a pin. One end of the anchoring nail is welded to the water-cooled wall tube coil, and the other end of the anchoring nail is provided with a triangular hook. The hook of the triangular hook faces the anchoring nail. The pin is connected to the top of the triangular hook and protrudes from the triangular hook. The refractory material layer is laid along the direction from the water-cooled wall tube coil to the first set of clamps, and the first set of clamps is embedded entirely in the refractory material layer. The side of the refractory material layer away from the water-cooled wall tube coil has multiple reserved holes. The second set of clamps consists of multiple clamps, each independently embedded in one of the reserved holes.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, each of the water-cooled wall tube coils is provided with a plurality of first set of clamps, and a second set of clamps is provided between any two adjacent first set of clamps.

[0009] Preferably, the second set of rivets is a refractory rivet.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the overall length of the first set of clamping nails is 25-45mm, and the thickness of the refractory material layer is 4-6mm greater than the length of the first set of clamping nails.

[0011] Preferably, the reserved hole is a regular polygon with a side length of 4-8;

[0012] Preferably, the side length of the reserved hole is 20-60mm and the depth is 20-40mm.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, a main burner assembly is provided on the top of the combustion chamber. The main burner assembly includes an ignition burner, a main oxygen channel, a liquid feedstock channel, a gas feedstock channel, a zero-carbon feedstock channel, and a main burner cooling water channel. The main oxygen channel, liquid feedstock channel, gas feedstock channel, zero-carbon feedstock channel, and main burner cooling water channel are all annular channels and are distributed sequentially in a direction away from the ignition burner.

[0014] Preferably, an acceleration gas channel is provided between the ignition burner and the main oxygen channel;

[0015] Preferably, the accelerating gas in the accelerating gas channel is CO2.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, at least one of the sides and top of the combustion chamber is provided with 1-8 pressurized burners.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the fluidized bed gasifier for zero-carbon-based gas-liquid-solid feedstock further includes a detection mechanism for online monitoring of the ash composition of the zero-carbon feedstock.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon as the main gas-liquid-solid feedstock further includes a zero-carbon feedstock tank, which is connected to the combustion chamber via a conveying pipeline. A first shut-off valve, a flow regulating valve, a reflux three-way valve, a second shut-off valve, and a third shut-off valve are sequentially arranged on the conveying pipeline from the direction between the zero-carbon feedstock tank and the combustion chamber.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon as the main gas-liquid-solid feedstock further includes an auxiliary gas pipeline, which is divided into two paths. The first auxiliary gas path is connected between the first shut-off valve and the flow regulating valve to regulate the conveying flow rate of the zero-carbon feedstock. The second auxiliary gas path is connected between the return three-way valve and the second shut-off valve for acceleration. A speed regulating gas valve is provided on the first auxiliary gas path, and an acceleration gas valve is provided on the second auxiliary gas path.

[0020] Preferably, the conveying flow rate is 6-8 m / s;

[0021] Preferably, the fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock further includes a purging pipeline, which is divided into two paths. The first purging gas path is connected between the second and third shut-off valves to prevent backflow, and the second purging gas path is connected between the third shut-off valve and the combustion chamber for tail-end purging. The first purging gas path is equipped with a gas plug valve, and the second purging gas path is equipped with a purging valve.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the waste heat boiler is provided with an outer cylindrical water-cooled wall and a suspended finned water-cooled wall, and a quenching nozzle is provided at the outlet of the waste heat boiler.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing green aviation fuel or green methanol, which includes using syngas discharged from a fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock as described in any of the foregoing embodiments as a raw material to prepare green aviation fuel or green methanol, wherein the CO2 emitted after the green aviation fuel or green methanol is burned is recycled back to the combustion chamber of the fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include, for example:

[0025] This invention provides a fluidized bed gasifier using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component. The combustion chamber sidewall is designed as a water-cooled wall structure, and a combination of clamping studs is used on the water-cooled wall. One end of the anchoring stud of the first set of clamping studs is welded to the water-cooled wall coil, and the other end of the anchoring stud is equipped with a triangular inverted hook. The hook of the triangular inverted hook faces the anchoring stud, facilitating a tight bond between the refractory material layer and the first set of clamping studs, effectively preventing the refractory material layer from falling off. Furthermore, a pin is connected to the top of the triangular inverted hook and protrudes beyond it. The pin reduces the metal contact area, reducing heat transfer. The refractory material layer and the second set of clamping studs prevent slag erosion and increase the thermal resistance (for the non-metallic portion). This completely achieves a slag-free combustion chamber with a water-cooled wall coil structure, making the refractory material less susceptible to erosion and burning. The relatively thick refractory material layer achieves the effect of refractory bricks, and the presence of the water-cooled wall effectively prevents the outer shell from overheating. This embodiment overcomes the challenge of using zero-carbon feedstocks in a fluidized bed gasifier. The combustion chamber employs a water-cooled wall and a combined clamping structure, resulting in low equipment maintenance costs and high reliability. Furthermore, this technology offers significant advantages such as safe and reliable operation, high online operating rate, convenient operation and maintenance, low operating costs, and low overall energy consumption, greatly enhancing its economic value. In addition, the method for preparing green aviation fuel or green methanol provided in this embodiment achieves sustainable carbon recycling, maintains atmospheric carbon balance, achieves zero carbon emissions, and ultimately realizes the ultimate goal of carbon neutrality. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fluidized bed gasifier using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying pipeline from the zero-carbon feed tank to the combustion chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main burner assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined gripper provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first set of gripping nails provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Icon: 100 - Fluidized bed gasifier using gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component;

[0033] 110-Zero Carbon Raw Material Tank;

[0034] 120 - Combustion chamber; 121 - Main burner assembly; 1211 - Ignition burner; 1212 - Main oxygen passage; 1213 - Liquid feedstock passage; 1214 - Gas feedstock passage; 1215 - Zero-carbon feedstock passage; 1216 - Main burner cooling water passage; 1217 - Accelerator gas passage; 122 - Pressurized burner; 123 - Slag outlet; 124 - Water-cooled wall coil; 125 - Combined grab pin; 1251 - First set of grab pins; 1252 - Second set of grab pins; 1253 - Refractory material layer; 1254 - Anchor pin; 1255 - Pin; 1256 - Triangular barbed hook; 1257 - Reserved hole;

[0035] 130 - Waste boiler; 131 - Outer cylindrical water-cooled wall; 132 - Suspended finned water-cooled wall; 133 - Quenching nozzle;

[0036] 140-Quick Cooling Chamber;

[0037] 210 - Delivery pipeline; 211 - First shut-off valve; 212 - Flow regulating valve; 213 - Return three-way valve; 214 - Second shut-off valve; 215 - Third shut-off valve; 220 - Power-assisted air pipeline; 221 - First power-assisted air path; 222 - Speed ​​regulating air valve; 223 - Second power-assisted air path; 224 - Acceleration air valve; 230 - Purge pipeline; 231 - First purge air path; 232 - Air plug valve; 233 - Second purge air path; 234 - Purge valve. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0040] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0044] Example

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1This embodiment provides a fluidized bed gasifier 100 using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component. It includes a zero carbon feedstock tank 110 and a combustion chamber 120. The zero carbon feedstock tank 110 is connected to the combustion chamber 120, and the combustion chamber 120 is provided with a slag outlet 123. The fluidized bed gasifier 100 using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component provided in this embodiment is suitable for waste boiler processes and also for quench processes. Therefore, the slag outlet 123 is connected to either the waste boiler process or the quench process. This embodiment takes the waste boiler process as an example. The waste boiler process includes a waste boiler 130 and a quench chamber 140. The slag outlet 123 is connected to the waste boiler 130, and the outlet of the waste boiler 130 is connected to the quench chamber 140.

[0046] Please see Figure 2 The zero-carbon feedstock tank 110 is used to store and transport zero-carbon feedstock. In this embodiment, the zero-carbon feedstock tank 110 is connected to the combustion chamber 120 via a transport pipeline 210. The transport pipeline 210 is provided with a first shut-off valve 211, a flow regulating valve 212, a reflux three-way valve 213, a second shut-off valve 214, and a third shut-off valve 215 in sequence from the direction between the zero-carbon feedstock tank 110 and the combustion chamber 120.

[0047] To ensure the stability of zero-carbon feedstock transportation and the overall safety of the gasification furnace 100 with zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock, in this embodiment, a booster gas pipeline 220 and a purging pipeline 230 are also provided on the conveying pipeline 210.

[0048] The assist gas pipeline 220 is divided into two paths. The first assist gas path 221 is connected between the first shut-off valve 211 and the flow regulating valve 212 to regulate the conveying flow rate of the zero-carbon raw material. The first assist gas path 221 is equipped with a speed regulating valve 222, and the conveying flow rate is controlled at 6-8 m / s. A suitable flow rate can ensure the safety of raw material conveying. Too high a flow rate can easily wear down the pipeline, while too low a flow rate can easily cause blockage. It also ensures that the conveyed material is uniform and does not stratify, which is conducive to the reaction in the gasifier. The second assist gas path 223 is connected between the return three-way valve 213 and the second shut-off valve 214 for acceleration at the zero-carbon raw material inlet nozzle of the furnace head. The second assist gas path 223 is equipped with an acceleration valve 224. In this embodiment, the zero-carbon raw material is accelerated by regulating the airflow through the acceleration valve 224, thereby increasing the rotational momentum of the material in the furnace and increasing the residence time of the material in the furnace, ensuring the carbon conversion rate of the zero-carbon material.

[0049] The purging pipeline 230 is also divided into two paths. The first purging gas path 231 is connected between the second shut-off valve 214 and the third shut-off valve 215 to prevent backflow, and is equipped with an air plug valve 232. The second purging gas path 233 is connected between the third shut-off valve 215 and the zero-carbon raw material channel 1215 for tail-end purging, and is equipped with a purging valve 234. In this embodiment, front and rear purging effectively ensures the unobstructed flow of the conveying pipeline 210, effectively preventing backflow and blockage.

[0050] Furthermore, to ensure the stable online operation of the gasifier over a long period of time, and to ensure good operational economy (high effective gas production rate), a detection mechanism (not shown in the figure) for online monitoring of the ash composition of the zero-carbon feedstock is installed on the zero-carbon feedstock conveying pipeline 210. This detection mechanism can detect and calculate key parameters such as ash melting point temperature, temperature corresponding to the critical viscosity point of ash, and ash viscosity-temperature curve, and provide real-time guidance and adjustment of the oxygen-coal ratio and key parameters of the gasifier, so that the gasifier can operate safely, reliably, for a long period of time, and economically.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The combustion chamber 120 is used to realize the combustion and gasification of raw materials. The top of the combustion chamber 120 is provided with a main burner assembly 121, and at least one of the sides and top of the combustion chamber 120 is provided with 1-8 pressurized burners 122. The side wall of the combustion chamber 120 is provided with a water-cooled wall tube coil 124, which is used to cool the slag discharge in the combustion chamber 120.

[0052] Since the combustion chamber 120 is fed with dry powder zero-carbon raw material, or a three-phase gas-liquid-solid raw material mainly composed of dry powder zero-carbon raw material, the main burner assembly 121 in this embodiment includes an ignition burner 1211, a main oxygen channel 1212, a liquid raw material channel 1213, a gas raw material channel 1214, a zero-carbon raw material channel 1215, and a main burner cooling water channel 1216. The main oxygen channel 1212, liquid raw material channel 1213, gas raw material channel 1214, zero-carbon raw material channel 1215, and main burner cooling water channel 1216 are all annular channels and are distributed sequentially in a direction away from the ignition burner 1211. Because the bulk density of zero-carbon materials is relatively low compared to coal materials, and the oxygen content is too high, the amount of steam added during operation is small or not added at all, and the oxygen consumption is relatively low. The velocity of the oxygen / steam mixture itself is significantly lower than the oxygen velocity under the condition of pulverized coal raw materials. The momentum attenuation of the zero-carbon raw materials in the furnace will be significant, which directly affects the carbon conversion rate. By setting an acceleration gas channel 1217 between the ignition burner 1211 and the main oxygen channel 1212 to drive the material rotation, the acceleration gas in the acceleration gas channel 1217 is CO2. The CO2 mixes with oxygen and enters the oxygen cyclone, increasing the rotation speed of the mixed gas. This rotational momentum is transferred to the zero-carbon raw materials exiting the burner, thereby increasing the rotational momentum of the material in the furnace. This allows the material to extend its swirling path in the furnace and obtain sufficient residence time, thus ensuring the carbon conversion rate.

[0053] Because zero-carbon feedstocks have relatively high ash content and ash melting point with a wide fluctuation range, relatively high operating temperatures are usually used to ensure normal and smooth ash discharge from the gasifier. This can lead to ash buildup in the gasifier. However, in this embodiment, the combustion chamber 120 adopts a water-cooled wall structure with specially made ultra-thick refractory material or a furnace brick structure. During gasifier operation, it can adapt to a ash-free state on the wall surface, resulting in extremely low heat transfer efficiency and ensuring that the ash outlet is not easily burned.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a combined clamping pin 125 is provided on the water-cooled wall tube coil 124. The combined clamping pin 125 includes a first set of clamping pins 1251, a second set of clamping pins 1252, and a refractory material layer 1253. The first set of clamping pins 1251 includes multiple first set of clamping pins. Each first set of clamping pins includes an anchoring pin 1254 and a pin 1255. One end of the anchoring pin 1254 is welded to the water-cooled wall tube coil 124, and the other end of the anchoring pin 1254 is provided with a triangular barbed hook 1256. The hook of the triangular barbed hook 1256 faces the anchoring pin 1254, and the pin 1255 is connected to the top of the triangular barbed hook 1256 and protrudes. The triangular inverted hook 1256 has a first set of hooks 1251 with an overall length of 25-45mm. A refractory material layer 1253 is laid along the direction from the water-cooled wall tube coil 124 to the first set of hooks 1251, with the first set of hooks 1251 embedded entirely within the refractory material layer 1253. The thickness of the refractory material layer 1253 is 4-6mm greater than the length of the first set of hooks. Multiple pre-drilled holes 1257 are provided on the side of the refractory material layer 1253 away from the water-cooled wall tube coil 124. Each pre-drilled hole 1257 is a regular polygon with 4-8 sides, and its side length is 20-60mm, with a depth of 20-40mm. Multiple second sets of hooks 1252 are independently embedded within the pre-drilled holes 1257. Each water-cooled wall tube coil 124 is provided with multiple first-group clamps, and a second-group clamp 1252 is provided between any two adjacent first-group clamps; the second-group clamp 1252 is a clamp made of refractory material.

[0055] In this embodiment, the use of triangular inverted hooks 1256 can strengthen the bonding force between the refractory material and the first set of hooks 1251, preventing the refractory material layer 1253 from falling off. The setting of the second set of hooks 1252 can effectively prevent slag erosion, ensuring that the combustion chamber 120 of the water-cooled wall tube-coil structure is free of slag, and the refractory material is not easily eroded or burned. At the same time, the refractory material layer 1253 in this embodiment is relatively thick, achieving the function of refractory bricks. Since the combination of the second set of hooks 1252 and the refractory material layer 1253 does not contain metal, it increases the heat transfer resistance. Meanwhile, the water-cooled wall, as the final rear wall, achieves multiple functions of essentially preventing the outer shell from overheating.

[0056] Please see Figure 1The waste heat boiler 130 is used to water-cool the high-temperature syngas discharged from the combustion chamber 120. In this embodiment, the waste heat boiler 130 is provided with an outer cylindrical water-cooled wall 131 and a suspended finned water-cooled wall 132, and a quench nozzle 133 is provided at the outlet of the waste heat boiler 130. The suspended finned water-cooled wall 132 helps to greatly reduce the overall height of the waste heat boiler 130, thereby reducing investment costs. It should be understood that in other embodiments of this application, the waste heat boiler 130 may not be designed with a suspended finned water-cooled wall 132, but the height of the waste heat boiler 130 will be relatively high; to consider the problem caused by the thermal expansion of the suspended finned water-cooled wall 132 and the outer cylindrical water-cooled wall 131, the suspended water-cooled wall and the cylindrical water-cooled wall are made of the same material.

[0057] Syngas discharged from combustion chamber 120 undergoes continuous axial heat exchange and cooling through the water-cooled wall of waste boiler 130. Theoretically, the temperature of the syngas exiting waste boiler 130 drops below 900℃. The heat exchange area of ​​waste boiler 130 is adjusted according to the syngas requirements of subsequent systems to ensure the required temperature. If a high water-to-gas ratio (high temperature) is required later, the suspended finned water-cooled wall 132 inside waste boiler 130 is not installed. If the water-to-gas ratio (temperature) requirement is not high later, the suspended finned water-cooled wall 132 is installed inside the cylindrical water-cooled wall of waste boiler 130 to ensure the height of waste boiler 130 while maximizing the heat exchange area to recover heat.

[0058] At the outlet of the waste heat boiler 130 of the gasifier, a quench nozzle 133 is installed. The high-temperature molten slag and syngas in the waste heat boiler 130 are cooled by the quench nozzle 133 before entering the quench chamber 140 below. The coarse slag falls into the water bath at the bottom of the quench chamber 140. During normal operation, a certain liquid level is controlled in the quench chamber 140 to ensure that the molten slag is rapidly cooled after falling in, forming coarse slag that is discharged.

[0059] The working principle of the fluidized bed gasifier 100 with zero-carbon as the main gas-liquid-solid feedstock provided in this embodiment is as follows: This embodiment optimizes the combustion chamber 120 and the zero-carbon feedstock conveying pipeline 210. The combustion chamber 120 adopts a water-cooled wall structure made of specially made ultra-thick layer erosion-resistant refractory material. Combined clamping nails 125 are installed on the water-cooled wall to prevent slag erosion and increase the thermal resistance (for the non-metallic parts). This completely solves the problems of slag accumulation in the water-cooled wall coil structure combustion chamber 120 and prevents the refractory material from being eroded or burned off. Furthermore, the refractory material layer 1253 is relatively thick, achieving the effect of refractory bricks. The presence of the water-cooled wall also effectively prevents the outer shell from overheating. Simultaneously, the combustion chamber 120 in this embodiment facilitates the removal of slag from the zero-carbon feedstock. Furthermore, by setting an accelerating gas channel 1217 between the ignition burner 1211 and the main oxygen channel 1212, the feed rate of the zero-carbon feedstock is increased. The rotating accelerating gas CO2 and the main oxygen simultaneously enter the combustion chamber 120 after passing through the main oxygen swirl, driving the fuel to rotate and extend its path within the furnace, obtaining sufficient residence time, thereby ensuring the carbon conversion rate. This embodiment solves the problem of using zero-carbon feedstock in a fluidized bed gasifier. The combustion chamber 120 adopts a water-cooled wall and a combined clamping pin 125 structure, resulting in low operating and maintenance costs and high safety and reliability. At the same time, this technology has significant advantages such as safe and reliable operation, high online operating rate, convenient operation and maintenance, low operating costs, and low overall energy consumption, greatly improving its economic value.

[0060] Furthermore, this invention also provides a method for preparing green aviation fuel or green methanol, which includes using syngas discharged from the fluidized bed gasifier 100, which uses zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock, as raw material. The syngas is mainly composed of CO + H2. This syngas is used to prepare green aviation fuel, green methanol, or other chemical products. The green aviation fuel or green methanol, after combustion, produces CO2 which is released into the atmosphere. The CO2 released into the atmosphere after pressurization and dust removal of the zero-carbon powdered feedstock, along with the CO2 released into the atmosphere after combustion of the green aviation fuel or green methanol, is ultimately absorbed through forestry carbon sinks to produce zero-carbon feedstock (biomass), achieving a sustainable green cycle, maintaining atmospheric carbon balance, meeting carbon neutrality goals, and achieving harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. In addition, some CO2 can be used as zero-carbon powdered feedstock transport gas, gasifier annular gap protection gas, etc. Part of this CO2 entering the gasifier reacts with the carbon in the zero-carbon feedstock to produce CO. Part of the CO2 desorbed by the purification device is used for pressurization of the zero-carbon powdered feedstock, and after pressurization, it is released into the atmosphere after dust removal. To achieve a sustainable carbon cycle, maintain a carbon balance in the atmosphere, achieve zero carbon emissions, and ultimately achieve the ultimate goal of carbon neutrality.

[0061] In summary, this invention provides a fluidized bed gasifier 100 using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component. The combustion chamber 120 has a water-cooled wall structure, and a combination of clamping studs 125 are used on the water-cooled wall. One end of the anchoring stud 1254 of the first set of clamping studs 1251 is welded to the water-cooled wall tube coil 124, and the other end of the anchoring stud 1254 is provided with a triangular inverted hook 1256. The hook portion of the triangular inverted hook 1256 faces the anchoring stud 1254. The triangular inverted hook 1256 facilitates a tight bond between the refractory material layer 1253 and the first set of clamping studs 1251, effectively preventing the refractory material layer from being damaged. The detachment of pin 1253, further, allows pin 1255 to connect to the top of the triangular hook 1256 and protrude beyond it. The pin 1255 reduces the metal-to-metal contact area, decreasing heat transfer. The refractory material layer 1253 and the second set of hooks 1252 prevent slag erosion and increase thermal resistance (for the non-metallic portion), completely preventing slag buildup in the water-cooled wall coil structure of the combustion chamber 120. The refractory material is less susceptible to erosion and burning, and the relatively thick refractory material layer 1253 acts like refractory brick. The presence of the water-cooled wall also effectively prevents overheating of the outer shell. This embodiment solves the problem of using zero-carbon feedstock in a fluidized bed gasifier. The combustion chamber 120 uses a water-cooled wall and combined hooks 125 structure, resulting in low operating and maintenance costs and high reliability. Furthermore, this technology offers significant advantages such as safe and reliable operation, high online operating rate, convenient operation and maintenance, low operating costs, and low overall energy consumption, greatly improving economic value. Furthermore, the method for preparing green aviation fuel or green methanol provided in this embodiment enables sustainable carbon recycling, maintains the carbon balance in the atmosphere, achieves zero carbon emissions, and ultimately realizes the ultimate goal of carbon neutrality.

[0062] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed gasifier using a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component, characterized in that, It includes a combustion chamber and a waste heat boiler, or a combustion chamber and a quench chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with a slag outlet, and the slag outlet is connected to the waste heat boiler or the quench chamber; The combustion chamber is provided with a water-cooled wall tube coil on its side wall. The water-cooled wall tube coil is provided with a combination of clamps. The combination of clamps includes a first set of clamps, a second set of clamps, and a refractory material layer. The first set of clamps includes an anchoring nail and a pin. One end of the anchoring nail is welded to the water-cooled wall tube coil, and the other end of the anchoring nail is provided with a triangular hook. The hook of the triangular hook faces the anchoring nail. The pin is connected to the top of the triangular hook and protrudes from the triangular hook. The refractory material layer is laid along the direction from the water-cooled wall tube coil to the first set of clamps, and the first set of clamps is embedded entirely in the refractory material layer. The side of the refractory material layer away from the water-cooled wall tube coil has multiple reserved holes. The second set of clamps consists of multiple clamps, each independently embedded in one of the reserved holes.

2. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the water-cooled wall tube coils is provided with a plurality of first group of clamps, and a second group of clamps is provided between any two adjacent first group of clamps.

3. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second set of nails are refractory nails.

4. The fluidized bed gasifier for gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall length of the first set of clamping nails is 25-45mm, and the thickness of the refractory material layer is 4-6mm greater than the length of the first set of clamping nails.

5. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reserved holes are regular polygons with a side length of 4-8.

6. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reserved hole has a side length of 20-60mm and a depth of 20-40mm.

7. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber is equipped with a main burner assembly at the top. The main burner assembly includes an ignition burner, a main oxygen channel, a liquid feedstock channel, a gas feedstock channel, a zero-carbon feedstock channel, and a main burner cooling water channel. The main oxygen channel, liquid feedstock channel, gas feedstock channel, zero-carbon feedstock channel, and main burner cooling water channel are all annular channels and are distributed sequentially in a direction away from the ignition burner.

8. The fluidized bed gasifier for gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 7, characterized in that, An acceleration gas channel is provided between the ignition burner and the main oxygen channel.

9. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 8, characterized in that, The accelerating gas in the accelerating gas channel is CO2.

10. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the sides and top of the combustion chamber is provided with 1-8 pressurized burners.

11. The fluidized bed gasifier for gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon as the main gas-liquid-solid feedstock also includes a detection mechanism for online monitoring of the ash composition of the zero-carbon feedstock.

12. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon as the main gas-liquid-solid feedstock also includes a zero-carbon feedstock tank. The zero-carbon feedstock tank is connected to the combustion chamber via a conveying pipeline. A first shut-off valve, a flow regulating valve, a reflux three-way valve, a second shut-off valve, and a third shut-off valve are sequentially arranged on the conveying pipeline from the direction between the zero-carbon feedstock tank and the combustion chamber.

13. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 12, characterized in that, The fluidized bed gasifier for zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock also includes an auxiliary gas pipeline, which is divided into two lines. The first auxiliary gas line is connected between the first shut-off valve and the flow regulating valve to adjust the conveying flow rate of the zero-carbon feedstock. The second auxiliary gas line is connected between the return three-way valve and the second shut-off valve for acceleration. A speed regulating gas valve is provided on the first auxiliary gas line, and an acceleration gas valve is provided on the second auxiliary gas line.

14. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 13, characterized in that, The conveying velocity is 6-8 m / s.

15. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 13, characterized in that, The fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock also includes a purging pipeline, which is divided into two paths. The first purging gas path is connected between the second and third shut-off valves to prevent backflow, and the second purging gas path is connected between the third shut-off valve and the combustion chamber for tail-end purging. The first purging gas path is equipped with a gas plug valve, and the second purging gas path is equipped with a purging valve.

16. The fluidized bed gasifier for a gas-liquid-solid feedstock with zero carbon as the main component according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the fluidized bed gasifier using zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock includes a combustion chamber and a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is equipped with an outer cylindrical water-cooled wall and a suspended finned water-cooled wall, and a quench nozzle is provided at the outlet of the waste heat boiler.

17. A method for preparing green aviation fuel or green methanol, characterized in that, It includes using the syngas discharged from the fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock as described in any one of claims 1-16 as a raw material to prepare green aviation fuel or green methanol, and recycling the CO2 emitted after the green aviation fuel or green methanol is burned back into the combustion chamber of the fluidized bed gasifier with zero-carbon gas-liquid-solid feedstock.

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