A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling machine with horizontal cantilever suitable for rock stratum

Abstract

This invention discloses a step-by-step rectangular shallow-hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock strata. It includes a drilling rig with a vertical drill rod. The lower end of the vertical drill rod is sequentially equipped with a rock cuttings treatment mechanism, a horizontal drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling device. The rock cuttings treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system. The mixing device includes a mixing box and a mixing mechanism. The slag suction port on the mixing box connects to the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port connects to the slag discharge system. The grouting system is connected to both the horizontal drilling assembly and the vertical drilling device. The horizontal drilling assembly includes a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder that drives its horizontal movement. The vertical drilling device includes several cylindrical drilling assemblies forming a rectangular excavation face. The advantages of this invention are: by using the drill rod and a retractable horizontal drill with a cutter head and a roller cutter, it achieves the drilling of rectangular pile holes with a horizontal cantilever structure in shallow rock masses; the rock is further crushed by the crushing box, allowing for better discharge from the pile holes and preventing blockage of the slag discharge pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling equipment, specifically relating to a step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling machine with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock strata. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering projects such as slope protection, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, and tunnel entrance / exit construction, anti-slide piles are the most effective measure to transfer the lateral thrust of the soil and rock mass to the stable strata below the sliding surface, resisting lateral thrust and mitigating engineering and geological hazards. Anti-slide piles are divided into rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles and circular cross-section anti-slide piles. Rectangular anti-slide piles have advantages such as high lateral stiffness and high single pile bearing capacity, effectively enhancing anti-slide force and increasing the anti-slide coefficient. Therefore, rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields.

[0003] Traditional rectangular anti-slide piles have large cross-sections and cannot fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock in front of the pile. For anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock in front of the pile, improving the anti-slide capacity of the pile. However, drilling the horizontal cantilever pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures is extremely difficult. Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are usually excavated manually or mechanically. Collapses caused by manual excavation account for 65% of all collapse accidents, and it is inefficient and costly. Mechanical excavation is safer and more efficient. Therefore, using mechanical drilling to excavate pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures within soil and rock layers is of great significance for ensuring the safety of construction personnel and improving efficiency.

[0004] Currently, there are various rectangular drilling rigs and excavation methods, such as:

[0005] Patent No. CN 106836354 A, "Mechanical Hole Forming Device for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles", uses multiple cutting blades to form a rectangular shovel head. The rear end of the shovel head is equipped with a counterweight or hydraulic propulsion device to realize the drilling of rectangular pile holes.

[0006] Patent No. CN 103244053 A "Rectangular Drilling Machine" mainly uses two cam bodies to drive two T-shaped cutter heads evenly distributed at the bottom of two steel frames to move towards each other and back and forth, cutting the soil into rectangular holes.

[0007] Patent No. CN 104533300 A, "Rectangular Drilling Machine", has a conical drill bit at the bottom of a rectangular transmission box and cross-shaped long cutters on the four sides. The conical drill bit drills in to form a circular pile hole, and then the cross-shaped long cutters rotate and cut to shape it into a rectangular pile hole.

[0008] The patent number CN 207715083 U, "A Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Drilling Rig", mainly involves setting a circular drill cylinder and a rectangular drill cylinder at the bottom of the drill rod. The circular drill cylinder is screwed in to form a circular pile hole, and then the rectangular drill cylinder cuts the soil around the circular pile hole to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0009] Patent No. CN 105951798 A, "A Rectangular Drilling Machine", mainly uses a motor to drive four concave cylindrical cutters with awls to cut the soil and drill rectangular pile holes.

[0010] Existing drilling rigs mainly form vertical rectangular pile holes in rock and soil, but they have the following problems:

[0011] (1) It is impossible to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures in the soil, and it is even more impossible to drill in the rock mass (gravel, pebble, soft rock, hard rock and other strata);

[0012] (2) Other machinery (grab bucket) or auxiliary measures (slurry positive circulation slag removal method) are used to clean the slag in the pile hole. The integration of drilling and slag removal equipment is low, the drilling construction efficiency is low and the cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations. This rig uses a drilling rig with a vertical drill rod to drive a horizontal drilling assembly and a vertical drilling device to drill downwards in steps to form a rectangular shallow hole with a horizontal cantilever. Specifically, the vertical drilling device excavates a rectangular pile hole to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever using cylindrical drilling assemblies arranged in a matrix, and then stops. Subsequently, the horizontal drilling assembly is driven by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder to extend laterally to drill a rectangular pile hole with a horizontal cantilever structure in the shallow rock formation. After completing the drilling of the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal drilling assembly retracts and stops rotating. Finally, the vertical drilling device continues to excavate the rectangular pile hole downwards to the designed depth. In addition, when the vertical drilling device and the horizontal drilling assembly are tumbling through the rock formation, mud is injected into the pile hole through a grouting system to facilitate the extraction of rock blocks mixed with the mud.

[0014] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0015] A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever, adapted to rock formations, characterized in that the rectangular shallow hole drilling rig includes a drilling rig with a vertical drill rod, the lower end of which is sequentially provided with a rock cuttings handling mechanism, a horizontal drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling device from top to bottom; wherein:

[0016] The rock slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; the mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism mounted on the mixing tank, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to and drives the mixing mechanism; the slag suction port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly and the vertical drilling device;

[0017] The horizontal drilling assembly includes a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder that drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally.

[0018] The vertical drilling device includes several horizontally arranged cylindrical drill assemblies that form a rectangular excavation face.

[0019] The stirring mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears that mesh with and drive the main gear. The lower end of the vertical drill rod drives the main gear to rotate. A stirring main shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main shaft. A stirring auxiliary shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary shaft.

[0020] The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate. The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the web plate, and a steel support vertically welded to the web plate. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, a motor driving the cylinders to rotate, several hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and several reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. The hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. The reamer assembly includes a reamer base and reamers inclinedly fixed on the reamer base. The motor is fixed to the steel support and drives the rotating shaft in the cylinder to rotate.

[0021] The cylindrical drill assembly is arranged in a matrix.

[0022] The horizontal drilling assembly also includes a horizontal drilling reaction frame, which has a side-opening box-shaped structure. The upper surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected to the mixing tank of the sludge treatment mechanism, and the lower surface is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the horizontal drilling reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally horizontally.

[0023] The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe. A crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the slag suction port of the mixing tank. The crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge. The suction port of the main slag suction pipe branches into a vertical slag suction branch pipe and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe. The suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device, and the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly. A slag suction valve is provided at each suction head. The pipe body of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is a telescopic pipe.

[0024] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

[0025] The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe and a grouting pump mounted on the main grouting pipe. The lower end of the main grouting pipe branches into a vertical grouting branch pipe and a horizontal grouting branch pipe. The nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device near the position of the cylindrical drilling assembly. The nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the horizontal drilling assembly near the position of the horizontal drilling device. Each nozzle is equipped with a grouting valve. The pipe body of the horizontal grouting branch pipe located in the horizontal drilling assembly is a telescopic pipe to move back and forth with the horizontal drilling device.

[0026] A pipe fixing frame is provided above the mixing tank, and the slag suction main pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the grouting main pipe are arranged along the pipe fixing frame.

[0027] The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, a steel cantilever beam, and a rotary motor. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The steel cantilever beam is fixed to the slider. The rotary motor is fixed to the steel cantilever beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate.

[0028] The advantages of this invention are:

[0029] (1) Rectangular pile holes for horizontal cantilever structures are drilled in shallow rock mass by using drill rods and retractable horizontal drills with cutters and rollers;

[0030] (2) Both the horizontal cantilever structure and the vertical pile body can be drilled in one go without the need for other mechanical assistance, thereby improving construction efficiency and saving construction and equipment costs;

[0031] (3) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0032] (4) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, which realizes the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reduces construction procedures, saves construction costs, and improves drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional position of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 AA section view in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a front view of the vertical drilling device in this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 BB section view in the middle;

[0039] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 CC section view in the middle;

[0040] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 DD section view in the middle;

[0041] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 2 EE section view;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a side view of the horizontal drill assembly in this invention;

[0043] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 FF section view;

[0044] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 2 GG sectional view in the middle;

[0045] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 2 HH section view in the middle;

[0046] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 2 Section II in the middle;

[0047] Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 2 JJ section view;

[0048] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 2 KK section view in the middle;

[0049] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the construction steps of the step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations in this invention.

[0050] like Figure 1-17 The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0051] 1. Vertical drilling device; 2. Horizontal drilling assembly; 3. Mixing device; 4. Crushing device; 5. Slag suction system; 6. Pipe fixing frame; 7. Slag discharge system; 8. Grouting system; 9. Drilling rig;

[0052] 11. Cylindrical drill assembly, 12. U-shaped fork plate, 111. Column, 112. Auger assembly, 113. Roller assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 121. Wing plate, 122. Web plate, 123. Steel support, 124. Shaft hole, 125. Vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole, 126. Vertical grouting branch pipe through hole, 1121. Auger base, 1122. Auger, 1131. Roller base, 1132. Roller;

[0053] 21. Horizontal drilling device; 22. Horizontal hydraulic cylinder; 23. Horizontal drilling reaction frame; 211. Horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole; 212. Horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole; 231. Horizontal hydraulic side guard plate; 232. Horizontal hydraulic upper side plate; 233. Horizontal hydraulic lower side plate; 234. Horizontal hydraulic reaction plate; 235. Slag suction main pipe through hole; 236. Grouting main pipe through hole;

[0054] 31. Mixing tank; 32. Double-layer large blades; 33. Main mixing shaft; 34. Double-layer small blades; 35. Auxiliary mixing shaft; 36. Single-layer small blades; 37. Main gear; 38. Main gear isolation pad; 39. Auxiliary gear; 310. Auxiliary gear isolation pad; 311. Steel cover plate; 312. Drill rod.

[0055] 41. Crushing box; 42. Middle partition; 43. Connecting pipe; 44. Frame; 45. Fan motor; 46. Fan blades; 47. Crushing blade; 48. Filter screen;

[0056] 51. Main suction pipe, 52. Vertical suction branch pipe, 53. Horizontal suction branch pipe, 54. Telescopic pipe, 55. Suction head, 56. Vertical suction valve, 57. Horizontal suction valve;

[0057] 61. Top steel plate, 62. Middle steel plate, 63. Bottom steel plate, 64. Side upright plate, 65. Circular through hole, 66. Slag discharge pipe fixing hole, 67. Grouting pipe fixing hole;

[0058] 71. Slag discharge pipe; 72. Slag discharge pump;

[0059] 81. Grouting main pipe, 82. Grouting pump, 83. Vertical grouting branch pipe, 84. Horizontal grouting branch pipe, 85. Nozzle, 86. Vertical grouting valve, 87. Horizontal grouting valve;

[0060] 91. Rotary motor; 92. Steel cantilever beam; 93. Slider; 94. Steel column; 95. Guide rail; 96. Hinge shaft; 97. Tie rod; 98. Vehicle platform;

[0061] a. Rock strata, b. Drilling rig, c. Free section pile hole, d. Horizontal cantilever pile hole, e. Embedded section pile hole. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0063] Example: Figure 1-16 As shown, this embodiment specifically relates to a step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations. The rectangular shallow hole drilling rig includes a drilling rig 9, a pipe fixing frame 6, a rock cutting treatment mechanism, a horizontal drilling assembly 2, and a vertical drilling device 1. The drilling rig 9 has a vertically arranged drill rod 312. The lower end of the drill rod 312 is connected to the rock cutting treatment mechanism, the horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the vertical drilling device 1 in sequence from top to bottom. The pipe fixing frame 6 is provided on the upper surface of the rock cutting treatment mechanism. The rock cutting treatment mechanism includes a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7, and a grouting system 8.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the drilling rig 1 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 98, a steel column 94, a tie rod 97, a hinge shaft 96, a guide rail 95, a slider 93, a steel cantilever beam 92, and a rotary motor 91. The vehicle-mounted platform 98 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 94 is vertically mounted at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 98. The tie rod 97 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 94. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 97 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 94, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft 96. The rail 95 is fixedly attached to the steel column 94 to form a vertical track. The slider 93 is slidably mounted on the rail 95 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism. The steel cantilever beam 92 is fixed on the slider 93, and the rotary motor 91 is mounted on the steel cantilever beam 92. The vertically arranged drill rod 312 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 91 and can move vertically with the slider 93, that is, the drill rod 312 can drill downward under the drive of the slider 93.

[0065] like Figure 1-8As shown, the vertical drilling device 1 is used for drilling rectangular shallow holes. It mainly includes several cylindrical drill assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 serving as a mounting frame. The U-shaped fork plate 12 mainly includes a web plate 122 and wing plates 121 located on both sides of the web plate 122. Based on the number of cylindrical drill assemblies 11, a steel support 123 is vertically welded to the middle position of the web plate 122. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 consists of two cylindrical drills, a motor 114, and a motor shaft 115. In this embodiment, there are four cylindrical drills arranged in a matrix to form a rectangular cutting surface. During the downward cutting process, a rectangular pile hole is formed. The matrix distribution here refers to the arrangement of cylindrical drills on both sides of the steel support 123. The cylindrical drill includes a cylinder 111, a plurality of hobbing cutter assemblies 113 spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder 111, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 spaced apart between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111. A centrally located steel support 123 is welded or bolted to the housing of a motor 114. The motor shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on both sides to rotate, and the end of the motor shaft 115 is supported in the shaft holes 124 of the side flanges 121. Figure 5-8 As shown, the height of the roller cutter assembly 113 protruding from the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the auger assembly 112. Therefore, when cutting the rock, the roller cutter 1132 on the roller cutter assembly 113 contacts the rock first. That is, the roller cutter assembly 113 first crushes the rock surface into several large rock blocks, and then the auger assembly 112 further cuts the large rock blocks on the excavation surface into small-diameter rock blocks (or rock debris). The roller cutter assembly 113 includes a roller cutter base 1131 and a ring of roller cutters 1132 fixed on the roller cutter base 1131. The auger assembly 112 includes an auger base 1121 and an auger 1122. The auger 1122 is installed at an angle under the fixation of the auger base 1121 to facilitate the excavation of rock strata. For rock masses, if the roller cutter 1132 directly crushes the rock mass at the excavation face or the auger 1122 directly excavates it, the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger materials need to meet high requirements. This not only increases the difficulty of developing the roller cutter and auger materials but also increases construction costs. By combining the roller cutter 1132 and the auger 1122, the roller cutter 1132 only crushes the rock mass at the excavation face, reducing its strength. This makes it easier for the auger 1122 to cut the rock mass, thus reducing the requirements for the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger materials, and also reducing wear on the cutter and auger. Therefore, the method of first crushing the rock mass at the excavation face with the roller cutter 1132, followed by cutting the crushed low-strength rock mass with the auger 1122, not only improves work efficiency but also reduces tool wear and lowers construction costs.

[0066] In addition, multiple vertical slag suction branch pipe through holes 125 and vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 are provided on the web plate 122. The vertical slag suction branch pipe through holes 125 facilitate the extension of the suction head 55 of the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 in the slag suction system 5 into the U-shaped fork plate 12 to suck up the excavated rock slag. The vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 facilitate the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8 to pass through and extend into the U-shaped fork plate 12 for supplementary grouting, so as to mix with the cut and crushed rock slag to form mud fluid for easy suction by the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52.

[0067] like Figure 1-3As shown in Figures 9-11, the horizontal drill assembly 2 is used for horizontal cantilever excavation and mainly includes a horizontal drill reaction frame 23, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, and a horizontal drill device 21. The horizontal drill reaction frame 23 has a side-opening box-shaped structure and includes a horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 232 installed above the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic lower side plate 233 installed below the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, and horizontal hydraulic side guard plates 231 installed on both sides of the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234 to form the aforementioned open box-shaped structure. The number of horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 should ensure that they can stably push or retract the horizontal drilling device 21. In this embodiment, the horizontal drilling device 21 is provided with two sets, upper and lower, to realize the drilling of horizontal cantilever rectangular pile holes. Based on this, the number of horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 is also set to two sets, upper and lower. The rear end of the cylinder of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixed on the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234. The front end of the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the mounting frame of the horizontal drilling device 21 to drive it to move laterally horizontally in the open direction. Under the reaction force support provided by the horizontal drilling reaction frame 23, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the horizontal drilling device 21 forward to cut and excavate the soil to form a horizontal cantilever pile hole. After the horizontal cantilever excavation is completed, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract into the box-shaped space of the horizontal drilling reaction frame 23. It should be noted that the structure adopted by the horizontal drilling device 21 is the same as that adopted by the cylindrical drilling assembly 11, and it also uses a roller cutter assembly and a reamer assembly to adapt to rock formations. In addition, a slag suction main pipe through hole 235 is opened on the upper side plate 232 of the horizontal hydraulic system, and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 211 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 212 are opened on the mounting bracket partition of the horizontal drilling device 21. The slag suction main pipe 51 in the slag suction system 5 extends into the horizontal drilling reaction frame through the slag suction main pipe through hole 235. Within the box-shaped space of 23, the horizontal suction pipe 53 branching off from the main suction pipe 51 extends its suction head 55 into the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal suction pipe through hole 211 to suck up the excavated mud (a mixture of rock debris and mud slurry); the horizontal grouting pipe 84 branching off from the main grouting pipe 81 extends to a location near the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal grouting pipe through hole 212 to perform supplementary grouting, so as to mix with the cut and crushed rock debris to form mud slurry fluid, which is convenient for the horizontal suction pipe 53 to suck up.

[0068] like Figure 1-16 As shown, the rock slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7, and a grouting system 8.

[0069] The mixing device 3 includes a mixing box 31 and a mixing mechanism. The mixing box 31 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the horizontal drill reaction frame 23. The mixing mechanism includes a main gear 37 and multiple auxiliary gears 39 that mesh with it. The main gear 37 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod 312. The rotating drill rod 312 can drive the main gear 37 to rotate, thereby driving the auxiliary gears 39 to rotate. A mixing main shaft 33 extending into the mixing box 31 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 37. The mixing main shaft 33 is equipped with mixing blades, which are double-layered large blades 32. Each auxiliary gear 39 is coaxially arranged with a mixing auxiliary shaft 35 extending into the mixing box 31. The mixing auxiliary shaft 35 is also equipped with mixing blades. The mixing blades on some of the mixing auxiliary shafts 35 are double-layered small blades 34, and the mixing blades on other parts of the mixing auxiliary shafts 35 are single-layered small blades 36. By mixing the mud containing rock debris in the mixing box 31, a uniformly mixed mud can be obtained, which is convenient for discharge. To prevent slurry from seeping into the gearbox containing the main gear 37 and auxiliary gear 39 during mixing, a main gear isolation pad 38 is provided at the connection point between the main mixing shaft 33 and the mixing box 31, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is provided at the connection point between the auxiliary mixing shaft 35 and the mixing box 31. Figure 3 As shown, a steel cover plate 311 is located on top of the gearbox containing the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39, for connecting to the pipe fixing bracket 6. The mixing tank 31 is equipped with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

[0070] The grouting system 8 mainly includes a grouting main pipe 81, a grouting pump 82, a vertical grouting branch pipe 83, and a horizontal grouting branch pipe 84. Since the rectangular shallow hole drilling rig in this embodiment is applied to rock formations, the cut material is rock debris. The granular pure solid is difficult to pump and transport. Therefore, the main function of the grouting system 8 is to pump the supplemented mud to the cutting area, so that the rock debris and mud can be mixed for easy pumping. The grouting pump 82 is responsible for the pumping operation. The grouting pipe 81 extends from the ground into the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1. Its lower end branches into a horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 and a vertical grouting branch pipe 83, which extend into the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1 respectively for pumping grout. The injection end of the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 is a nozzle 85, and a horizontal grouting valve 87 is installed at the nozzle 85. The injection end of the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 is a nozzle 85, and a vertical grouting valve 86 is installed at the nozzle 85. During the drilling process, the opening and closing of the horizontal grouting valve 87 and the vertical grouting valve 86 are determined according to whether the rectangular shallow hole drilling rig is excavating a rectangular borehole downwards or excavating a horizontal cantilever pile hole laterally.

[0071] A slag suction system 5 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 31. The slag suction system 5 mainly includes a main slag suction pipe 51, a vertical slag suction branch pipe 52, a horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53, and a crushing device 4. One end of the main slag suction pipe 51 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 31 via the crushing device 4. The other end of the main slag suction pipe 51 (i.e., the suction end) branches into a vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53. Figure 3 As shown, the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, and the suction head 55 of the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 is close to the cylindrical drill assembly 11 so that it can suck up the rock cuttings and pumped mud. A vertical slag suction valve 56 is provided at the suction head 55 to control the pipeline opening and closing. The horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 extends into the horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the suction head 55 of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 is close to the horizontal drilling device 21 so that it can suck up the soil and mud excavated by cutting and sluice. A horizontal slag suction valve 57 is provided at the suction head 55 to control the pipeline opening and closing. In order to accommodate the back and forth movement of the horizontal drilling device 21, part of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 is in the form of a telescopic pipe 54. The sucked sludge is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 4 and then enters the mixing tank 31. The crushing device 4 mainly includes a crushing tank 41, a partition plate 42, a connecting pipe 43, a frame 44, a blower motor 45, blower blades 46, a crushing blade 47, and a filter screen 48. The partition plate 42 is inclined in the crushing tank 41 to form a ramp that facilitates the flow of sludge. The blower motor 45 is installed on the top plate in the crushing tank 41 via the frame 44. The blower motor 45 has blower blades 46 on its rotating shaft. The high-speed rotating blower motor 45 and blower blades 46 can create negative pressure suction in the sludge suction pipe 51. A crushing blade 47 is installed at the installation location of the blower motor 45 so that the sucked sludge must be crushed by the crushing blade 47 before entering the mixing tank 31 through the connecting pipe 43. A filter screen 48 is installed at the end face of the blower motor 45 to filter large rock debris and prevent rock debris from flowing into the mixing tank 31 from the blower motor 45.

[0072] The slag discharge port of the mixing tank 31 is connected to the slag discharge system 7 on the ground. The slag discharge system 7 includes a slag discharge pipe 71 and a slag discharge pump 72. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe 71 is connected to the slag discharge port of the mixing tank 31 and extends downward to a certain depth to facilitate the pumping out more mud. The slag discharge pipe 71 pumps the well-mixed mud from the mixing tank 31 to the ground for collection and treatment through the slag discharge pump 72.

[0073] like Figure 1-3As shown in Figure 16, the pipe fixing bracket 6 has a box-shaped structure, including a top steel plate 61, a middle steel plate 62, a bottom steel plate 63, and several side upright plates 64 connecting the three. Furthermore, circular through holes 65 are provided on the top steel plate 61, middle steel plate 62, and bottom steel plate 63 of the pipe fixing bracket 6 for the drill rod 312 to pass through. Additionally, slag discharge pipe fixing holes 66 for the slag discharge pipe 71 and grouting pipe fixing holes 67 for the grouting main pipe 81 are also provided on the top steel plate 61, middle steel plate 62, and bottom steel plate 63. To prevent pipe swaying during drilling, the pipe fixing bracket 6 provides a fixing function for each passing pipe.

[0074] like Figure 17 As shown, the method for using a rectangular shallow hole drilling rig to excavate a rectangular shallow hole with a horizontal cantilever in a rock stratum in a step-by-step manner in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0075] (S1) In the rock stratum a, the vertical drilling device 1 on the drilling rig b is used to drill vertical rectangular pile holes to form free section pile holes c, until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d is reached; during the process of drilling the free section pile hole c downward, the nozzle 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 is continuously opened through the vertical grouting valve 86 to inject mud, and the nozzle 85 on the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 is closed through the horizontal grouting valve 87. At the same time, the suction head 55 on the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 is continuously opened through the vertical slag suction valve 56 to suck up the mixture of rock and mud, and the suction head 55 on the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 is closed through the horizontal slag suction valve 57.

[0076] (S2) After reaching the design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d, stop the drilling work of the vertical drilling device 1 and the mud injection of the vertical grouting branch pipe 83; open the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 with the horizontal grouting valve 87, and drive the horizontal drilling device 21 to drill horizontally outward to the design length position to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole d; at the same time, continuously open the suction head 55 on the horizontal suction branch pipe 53 through the horizontal slag suction valve 57 to suck up the mixture of rock and mud, and close the suction head 55 on the vertical suction branch pipe 52 through the vertical slag suction valve 56;

[0077] (S3) After the construction of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d is completed, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract inward to the minimum stroke; then the vertical drilling device 1 is used to continue drilling to the design depth to form the embedded section pile hole e.

[0078] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0079] (1) Rectangular pile holes for horizontal cantilever structures are drilled in shallow rock mass by using drill rods and retractable horizontal drills with cutters and rollers;

[0080] (2) Both the horizontal cantilever structure and the vertical pile body can be drilled in one go without the need for other mechanical assistance, thereby improving construction efficiency and saving construction and equipment costs;

[0081] (3) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0082] (4) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, which realizes the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reduces construction procedures, saves construction costs, and improves drilling efficiency.

[0083] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations, characterized in that... The rectangular shallow hole drilling rig includes a drilling rig with a vertical drill rod. From top to bottom, the lower end of the vertical drill rod is equipped with a rock cuttings handling mechanism, a horizontal drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling device; wherein: The rock slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; the mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism mounted on the mixing tank, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to and drives the mixing mechanism; the slag suction port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly and the vertical drilling device; The horizontal drilling assembly includes a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder that drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally. The vertical drilling device includes several horizontally arranged cylindrical drill assemblies that form a rectangular excavation face. The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate. The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the web plate, and a steel support vertically welded to the web plate. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, a motor driving the cylinders to rotate, several hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and several reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. Each hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. Each reamer assembly includes a reamer base and reamers inclinedly fixed on the reamer base. The motor is fixed to the steel support and drives the rotating shaft in the cylinder to rotate. The horizontal drilling assembly also includes a horizontal drilling reaction frame, which has a side-opening box-shaped structure. The upper surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected to the mixing box of the rock slag treatment mechanism, and the lower surface is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the horizontal drilling reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally horizontally.

2. The step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that... The stirring mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears that mesh with and drive the main gear. The lower end of the vertical drill rod drives the main gear to rotate. A stirring main shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main shaft. A stirring auxiliary shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary shaft.

3. The step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations according to claim 1, characterized in that... The cylindrical drill assembly is arranged in a matrix.

4. A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe. A crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the slag suction port of the mixing tank. The crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge. The suction port of the main slag suction pipe branches into a vertical slag suction branch pipe and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe. The suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device, and the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly. A slag suction valve is provided at each suction head. The pipe body of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is a telescopic pipe.

5. A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

6. A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe and a grouting pump mounted on the main grouting pipe. The lower end of the main grouting pipe branches into a vertical grouting branch pipe and a horizontal grouting branch pipe. The nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device near the position of the cylindrical drilling assembly. The nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the horizontal drilling assembly near the position of the horizontal drilling device. Each nozzle is equipped with a grouting valve. The pipe body of the horizontal grouting branch pipe located in the horizontal drilling assembly is a telescopic pipe to move back and forth with the horizontal drilling device.

7. A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... A pipe fixing frame is provided above the mixing tank, and the slag suction main pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the grouting main pipe are arranged along the pipe fixing frame.

8. A step-by-step rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with a horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, a steel cantilever beam, and a rotary motor. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The steel cantilever beam is fixed to the slider. The rotary motor is fixed to the steel cantilever beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate.

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