Prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction and its assembly / disassembly methods

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel protection technology, specifically to prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction and its assembly / disassembly method, comprising a protective plate assembly I and a protective plate assembly II arranged at intervals; protective plate assembly I includes a first splicing plate and a second splicing plate, with the second splicing plate movably connected to both sides of the first splicing plate, and both splicing plates are arc-shaped; protective plate assembly II includes a third splicing plate and a fourth splicing plate, with the fourth splicing plate movably connected to both sides of the third splicing plate; the first, second, third, and fourth splicing plates are cross-connected; both the first and second splicing plates are provided with locking grooves, and the third splicing plate has locking blocks on both sides connecting to protective assembly I; a locking mechanism is provided in the locking groove, and the locking mechanism and the locking blocks are movably connected; a snap-fit ​​mechanism is provided on the lower side of the locking groove, and the snap-fit ​​mechanism and the locking blocks are movably snap-fitted. This invention effectively improves the practicality and safety during tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel protection technology, and in particular to prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction and its assembly and disassembly methods. Background Technology

[0002] With social development and in order to improve the living standards of citizens, the country is paying more and more attention to the construction of infrastructure. Among the infrastructure, road construction is the most basic. However, my country has a vast territory, and in places with complex geographical environments, road construction is extremely difficult. Building bridges and tunnels is unavoidable. my country has mature tunnel construction technology. During the tunnel construction process, after the tunnel body is excavated, as the stress of the surrounding rock is released, the tunnel is prone to deformation and collapse. Therefore, timely initial support is needed to provide support, ensure construction safety, and provide a reasonable working space.

[0003] The invention with patent number CN201811300633.9 discloses a technical solution for a prefabricated protective arch frame for tunnel construction. However, this technical solution still has some problems in use. While the technical solution can be spliced ​​and assembled, the equipment can only provide point support during the splicing process. Since the length of the tunnel varies, if the length needs to be extended after the equipment is spliced, another identical piece of equipment needs to be installed. This process of installing multiple pieces of equipment to protect the tunnel is not feasible because gaps will form between the pieces of equipment, which means they cannot be connected. This leads to the risk of falling rocks during the protection process. Furthermore, the repeated installation slows down the installation efficiency during use, affecting the construction time and reducing the practicality and safety of the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, in order to address the above problems, this invention proposes a prefabricated protective device for tunnel construction and its assembly / disassembly method to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a prefabricated protective device for tunnel construction and its assembly / disassembly method, which can improve the practicality and safety of tunnel construction.

[0006] The technical solution to the technical problem solved by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a prefabricated protective device for tunnel construction, including a protective plate assembly I and a protective plate assembly II arranged at intervals; the protective plate assembly I includes a first splicing plate and a second splicing plate, with the second splicing plate movably connected to both sides of the first splicing plate, and the splicing plates are all arc-shaped; the protective plate assembly II includes a third splicing plate and a fourth splicing plate, with the fourth splicing plate movably connected to both sides of the third splicing plate; the first splicing plate, the second splicing plate, the third splicing plate and the fourth splicing plate are cross-movably connected; the first splicing plate and the second splicing plate are each provided with a locking groove, and the third splicing plate is provided with locking blocks on both sides connecting to the protective assembly I, a locking mechanism is provided in the locking groove, the locking mechanism and the locking blocks are movably connected, and a snap-fit ​​mechanism is provided on the lower side of the locking groove, the snap-fit ​​mechanism and the locking blocks are movably snap-fitted.

[0007] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a pressure rod, a first spring, a first pressing block, a limiting rod, a slider, a second spring, a sliding rod, a second pressing block, a third spring, a fixing rod, and a fourth spring. A limiting groove is provided on the upper surface of the lock block, and fixing grooves are provided on both sides of the lock block; The lock groove includes a first groove, a second groove, two third grooves, and a T-shaped groove; A first spring is sleeved on the pressure rod, and a first extrusion block is installed at the end of the pressure rod. A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first extrusion block. The other end of the limiting rod extends into the T-shaped groove and is movably connected in the limiting groove. The first spring is set in the first groove, and the first extrusion block is set in the second groove. Two sliders are installed in the second groove, a first extrusion block is located between the two sliders, and a second spring is connected to the end of the slider away from the first extrusion block. The second spring is installed on the second groove. The slide bar is located below the slider and connects the second groove and the third groove. The second extrusion block is located below the slide bar, and the third spring is located below the second extrusion block and on the third groove. A fixing rod is provided on the side of the second extrusion block near the T-shaped groove. The fixing rod connects the third groove and the T-shaped groove. The fixing rod extends into the T-shaped groove and is movably connected in the fixing groove. A fourth spring is sleeved on the fixing rod and is provided on the T-shaped groove.

[0008] Preferably, the other end of the pressure bar is provided with a force-bearing block, and the first extrusion block, the slider and the second extrusion block are all wedge-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a rotating column, a locking block, a torsion spring, a fixing frame, a threaded rod, and a nut. The rotating column is rotatably connected to the lower part of the T-shaped groove. Torsion springs are provided on both sides of the rotating column. The locking block is installed on the rotating column and is movably connected in the locking groove. The locking groove is located on the lower surface of the locking block. A fixing frame is installed on the lower side of the locking groove. The threaded rod is rotatably connected to the locking block. The threaded rod is threadedly connected in the fixing frame and is provided with a nut.

[0010] Preferably, the first splicing plate is provided with multiple locking grooves on both sides of the protective plate assembly II, and the locking block on the third splicing plate is movably connected in the locking groove; The first splicing plate is provided with multiple first plug-in blocks on both sides connecting to the second splicing plate, and the second splicing plate is provided with multiple first plug-in interfaces on one side connecting to the first splicing plate. The first plug-in blocks are movably connected in the first plug-in interfaces. The fourth splicing panel is provided with multiple second insertion interfaces on one side where it connects to the third splicing panel, and multiple second insertion blocks are provided on both sides where it connects to the fourth splicing panel. The second insertion blocks are movably connected to the second insertion interfaces. The fourth splicing plate is connected to the protective component I on both sides with multiple third insertion interfaces, which are movably connected in the lock groove; The second and fourth splicing plates are provided with a connecting groove on the side away from the first and third splicing plates, and a support mechanism is slidably connected in the connecting groove.

[0011] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a support block, a fifth spring, a protrusion, and a support rod. The second and fourth splicing plates are provided with multiple grooves. The support block is slidably connected in the connecting groove. The fifth spring is provided in the support block and is also connected to the protrusion. The protrusion is movably connected in the groove. The support rod is provided on the side of the support block away from the connecting groove.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for disassembling and assembling prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction. The method is as follows: (a) The first splicing plate and the second splicing plate are spliced ​​together, that is, the first plug block on the first splicing plate is inserted into the first plug interface of the second splicing plate, and the first splicing plate and the two second splicing plates are spliced ​​together to form an arch shape; (b) Insert the locking block on the third splicing plate into the locking slots opened on the first and second splicing plates, and then insert the second insertion interface on the fourth splicing plate and the second insertion block on the third splicing plate. When the locking block is inserted into the locking slot, the locking mechanism can be adjusted to make the locking mechanism and the slot cooperate. (c) Insert the third connector on the fourth splicing board into the first connector on the side of the second splicing board, and splice the first splicing board, the second splicing board, the third splicing board and the fourth splicing board cross each other. (d) Perform multiple splicing operations until the length of the tunnel is suitable; (e) After assembly, adjust the height and position of the equipment using the support mechanism; (f) After the equipment is used, adjust the support mechanism to retract it; (g) Adjust the connection of the parts in the snap-fit ​​mechanism so that the first plug block on the first splicing plate is separated from the first plug interface on the second splicing plate and the second plug interface on the fourth splicing plate is separated from the second plug block on the third splicing plate. Separate the locking block from the locking groove and pull the splicing plate outward to complete the disassembly of the equipment.

[0013] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: (1) The present invention enables the equipment to be cross-joined and spliced ​​during use by the cooperation of the first splicing plate, the second splicing plate, the third splicing plate and the fourth splicing plate in the equipment, thereby making the equipment more stable during splicing. After the splicing plates are spliced, the equipment can be extended and spliced ​​continuously according to the length of the tunnel. The equipment is spliced ​​into a whole, making the equipment safer during use. At the same time, it can adapt to different tunnel lengths, thereby further improving the practicality and safety of the equipment. (2) During the assembly process, the splicing plates are snapped together by a snap-fit ​​mechanism, making the splicing plates more convenient and stable when connected. When the splicing plates need to be removed, the connection of the parts in the snap-fit ​​mechanism can be adjusted, and the splicing plates can be pulled outward to complete the disassembly of the equipment, making the installation and disassembly of the equipment more convenient. (3) The locking mechanism is located between the splicing plate and the top of the tunnel. When the top of the tunnel deforms or an object falls, the tunnel squeezes the locking mechanism, and the parts and locking blocks in the locking mechanism are connected, so that each splicing plate forms a secondary engagement. In the process of using the equipment, if it encounters the squeezing of the tunnel, the splicing plate becomes more robust and stable. That is, the greater the squeezing force of the tunnel, the tighter the locking force generated by the locking mechanism, which makes the equipment safer during use and further improves the safety and stability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from the lower side view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower view structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention from a partial frontal view. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the invention from a partial right-side perspective; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from a partial upper view of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower view structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from a partial upper view of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure from a partial left-side perspective of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention from a partial lower view.

[0016] In the diagram, 1. First splicing plate; 2. Second splicing plate; 3. Third splicing plate; 4. Fourth splicing plate; 5. Locking groove; 51. First groove; 52. Second groove; 53. Third groove; 54. T-shaped groove; 6. First insertion block; 7. First insertion interface; 8. Locking block; 9. Limiting groove; 10. Fixing groove; 11. Card slot; 12. Second insertion block; 13. Second insertion interface; 14. Third insertion block; 15. Locking mechanism; 16. Pressure rod; 161. Force-bearing block; 17. First 18. Spring; 19. First pressing block; 20. Limiting rod; 21. Sliding block; 22. Second spring; 23. Sliding rod; 24. Second pressing block; 25. Third spring; 26. Fixing rod; 27. Fourth spring; 28. Snap-fit ​​mechanism; 29. ​​Rotating column; 30. Snap-fit ​​block; 31. Torsion spring; 32. Fixing frame; 33. Threaded rod; 34. Nut; 35. Connecting groove; 36. Support mechanism; 37. Groove; 38. Support block; 39. Fifth spring; 40. Protrusion; 51. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted to avoid unnecessarily limiting the invention. Terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0018] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 11As shown, the specific embodiment adopts the following technical solution: a prefabricated protective device for tunnel construction, including a protective plate assembly I and a protective plate assembly II arranged at intervals; the protective plate assembly I includes a first splicing plate 1 and a second splicing plate 2, with the second splicing plate 2 movably connected to both sides of the first splicing plate 1, and the splicing plates are all arc-shaped; the protective plate assembly II includes a third splicing plate 3 and a fourth splicing plate 4, with the fourth splicing plate 4 movably connected to both sides of the third splicing plate 3; the first splicing plate 1, the second splicing plate 2, the third splicing plate 3 and the fourth splicing plate 4 are cross-movably connected; the first splicing plate 1 and the second splicing plate 2 are each provided with a locking groove 5, and the third splicing plate 3 is provided with locking blocks 8 on both sides connected to the protective assembly I, a locking mechanism 15 is provided in the locking groove 5, the locking mechanism 15 and the locking blocks 8 are movably connected, and a snap-fit ​​mechanism 27 is provided on the lower side of the locking groove 5, the snap-fit ​​mechanism 27 and the locking blocks 8 are movably snap-fitted. When the first splicing plate 1, the second splicing plate 2, the third splicing plate 3, and the fourth splicing plate 4 are spliced ​​together, the pressure rod 16 in the locking mechanism 15 is located between the top of the tunnel and the splicing plate. When an object falls into the tunnel or the tunnel is deformed due to stress, the tunnel will squeeze the locking mechanism 15. The splicing plate after splicing is arched as a whole. Workers can splice it according to the specific length of the tunnel. The splicing plates can be spliced ​​crosswise, which makes the equipment more stable and further improves the practicality and safety of the equipment.

[0019] The locking mechanism 15 includes a pressure rod 16, a first spring 17, a first pressing block 18, a limiting rod 19, a slider 20, a second spring 21, a sliding rod 22, a second pressing block 23, a third spring 24, a fixing rod 25, and a fourth spring 26. A limiting groove 9 is formed on the upper surface of the locking block 8, and fixing grooves 10 are formed on both sides of the locking block 8. When the locking mechanism 15 is subjected to pressure, the parts in the locking mechanism 15, the fixing grooves 10, and the limiting grooves 9 are engaged, thereby increasing the strength between each splicing plate. The locking groove 5 includes a first groove 51, a second groove 52, two third grooves 53, and a T-shaped groove 54. A first spring 17 is sleeved on the pressure rod 16, and a first pressing block 18 is installed at the end of the pressure rod 16. A limiting rod 19 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first pressing block 18. The other end of the limiting rod 19 extends into the T-shaped groove 54 and is movably connected into the limiting groove 9. The first spring 17 is set in the first groove, and the first pressing block 18 is set in the second groove 52. Two sliders 20 are set in the second groove 52. The pressure block 18 is located between two sliders 20. The end of the slider 20 away from the first extrusion block is connected to the second spring 21, which is set on the second groove 52. The slide rod 22 is set on the lower side of the slider 20 and connects the second groove 52 and the third groove 53. The second extrusion block 23 is set on the lower side of the slide rod 22. The third spring 24 is set on the lower side of the second extrusion block 23 and is set on the third groove 53. A fixing rod 25 is set on the side of the second extrusion block 23 near the T-shaped groove 54. The fixing rod 25 connects the third groove 53 and the T-shaped groove 54. The fixing rod 25 extends into the T-shaped groove 54 and is movably connected in the fixing groove 10. A fourth spring 26 is sleeved on the fixing rod 25 and is set on the T-shaped groove 54. When the splicing of the splicing plates is completed, the pressure rod 16 in the locking mechanism 15 is located on the upper side of the splicing plate. When the tunnel undergoes stress deformation, the force on the tunnel will press the pressure rod 16 downward, causing the first pressing block 18 installed at one end of the pressure rod 16 to move downward. At the same time, the first spring 17 is compressed by pressure. When the first pressing block 18 is pressed down, the sliders 20 on both sides of the first pressing block 18 move to both sides. When the sliders 20 move, the sliders 20 press the sliding rod 22, causing the sliding rod 22 to drive the second pressing block 23 to move downward. At this time, the second spring 21 and the third spring 24 deform at the same time. As the second pressing block 23 moves downward, the second pressing block 23 presses the fixing rod 25, causing the two fixing rods 25 to move closer to each other at the same time. When the two fixing rods 25 move closer, the two fixing rods 25 are inserted into the fixing groove 10. At this time, the limiting rod 19 fixedly connected to the first pressing block 18 is inserted into the limiting groove 9 from the top, thereby making the locking block 8 more stable when it is located in the locking groove 5. The locking mechanism 15 enhances the safety of the equipment during use. Located between the splicing plate and the top of the tunnel, the locking mechanism 15 is activated when the top of the tunnel deforms or objects fall. This causes the tunnel to compress the locking mechanism 15, connecting the parts within it with the locking block 8. This creates a secondary engagement between each splicing plate, making the splicing plate more robust and stable during use. The greater the tunnel's compressive force, the tighter the locking force generated by the locking mechanism 15, further improving the safety and stability of the equipment.

[0020] The other end of the pressure rod 16 is provided with a force-bearing block 161. The first extrusion block 18, the slider 20 and the second extrusion block 23 are all wedge-shaped. The wedge-shaped block has many advantages, such as good stability, light weight and simple operation. When the first extrusion block 18, the second extrusion block 23 and the slider 20 move, they can continuously extrude internal parts to ensure the opening of the equipment.

[0021] The locking mechanism 27 includes a rotating column 28, a locking block 29, a torsion spring 30, a fixing frame 31, a threaded rod 32, and a nut 33. The rotating column 28 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the T-shaped groove 54. Torsion springs 30 are provided on both sides of the rotating column 28. The locking block 29 is installed on the rotating column 28 and is movably connected in the locking groove 11. The locking groove 11 is located on the lower surface of the locking block 8. The fixing frame 31 is installed on the lower side of the locking groove 5. The threaded rod 32 is rotatably connected to the locking block 29 and is threadedly connected in the fixing frame 31. A nut 33 is provided on the threaded rod 32. When the locking block 8 is inserted into the locking groove 5, the threaded rod 32 is rotated, causing it to move on the fixed frame 31. As the threaded rod 32 moves gradually, it continuously presses against the locking block 29, causing it to engage in the slot 11. This makes the engagement of the locking block 29 more stable. After the locking block 29 is engaged, the nut 33 is rotated to fix the length of the threaded rod 32. During the equipment assembly process, the splicing plates are engaged through the locking mechanism 27, making the connection of the splicing plates more convenient and stable. When the splicing plates need to be disassembled, the connection of the parts in the locking mechanism 27 can be adjusted, and the splicing plates can be pulled outward to complete the disassembly of the equipment, making the installation and disassembly of the equipment more convenient.

[0022] The first splicing plate 1 has multiple locking grooves 5 on both sides connected to the protective plate assembly II, and the locking block 8 on the third splicing plate 3 is movably connected in the locking groove 5; the first splicing plate 1 has multiple first insertion blocks 6 on both sides connected to the second splicing plate 2, and the second splicing plate 2 has multiple first insertion interfaces 7 on one side connected to the first splicing plate 1, with the first insertion blocks 6 movably connected in the first insertion interfaces 7; the fourth splicing plate 4 has multiple second insertion interfaces 13 on one side connected to the third splicing plate 3, and the third splicing plate 3 has multiple second insertion blocks 12 on both sides connected to the fourth splicing plate 4, with the second insertion blocks 12 movably connected in the second insertion interfaces 13; the fourth splicing plate 4 has multiple third insertion interfaces 14 on both sides connected to the protective assembly I, with the third insertion interfaces 14 movably connected in the locking groove 5; the second splicing plate 2 and the fourth splicing plate 4 have a connecting groove 34 on the side away from the first splicing plate 1 and the third splicing plate 3, with a support mechanism 35 slidably connected in the connecting groove 34; The insertion interface on the second splicing plate 2 is movably connected to the first insertion block 6 on the first splicing plate, making the first splicing plate 1 and the second splicing plate 2 more stable during splicing. When the locking block 8 on the third splicing plate 3 is inserted into the locking groove 5 on the first splicing plate 1, the first splicing plate 1 and the third splicing plate 3 form a whole. At the same time, the third insertion block 14 of the fourth splicing plate 4 is inserted into the first insertion interface 7 on the third splicing plate 3, thereby making the first splicing plate 1, the second splicing plate 2, the third splicing plate 3 and the fourth splicing plate 4 form a whole. The third splicing plate 3 is connected to the locking block 8 and the locking... The slot 5, when engaged, allows the third splicing plate 3 to form a cross splice with the first splicing plate 1 and the second splicing plate 2, thereby improving the stability of the first splicing plate 1 and the second splicing plate 2. The second insertion block 12 on the third splicing plate 3 and the second insertion interface 13 on the fourth splicing plate 4 are inserted into each other, so that the third splicing plate and the fourth splicing plate form a whole. At this time, the fourth splicing plate 4 is located between the two second splicing plates 2. The connection between the insertion interface and the insertion block, as well as the connection between the locking block 8 and the locking slot 5, makes the splicing blocks spliced ​​into a whole, and gives the equipment as a whole excellent stability.

[0023] The support mechanism 35 includes a support block 37, a fifth spring 38, a protrusion 39, and a support rod 40. Multiple grooves 36 are provided on the second splicing plate 2 and the fourth splicing plate 4. The support block 37 is slidably connected within the connecting groove 34. The fifth spring 38 is installed within the support block 37 and is simultaneously connected to the protrusion 39, which is movably connected within the groove 36. The support rod 40 is located on the side of the support block 37 away from the connecting groove 34. After the splicing plates are assembled, the support block 37 is slid to move to a suitable position. When the support block 37 moves to the suitable position, the protrusion 39 on the support block 37 moves within the groove 36. When the support block 37 moves to a certain position, the protrusion 39 and the groove 36 lock together. At this time, the height of the support rod 40 is adjusted, thereby ensuring the stability of the splicing plate by applying force between the splicing plate and the tunnel.

[0024] Example 2 To better implement the technical solution of this invention, this invention also provides a method for disassembling and assembling prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction, such as... Figures 1 to 11 As shown, this specific embodiment adopts the following disassembly and assembly method: (a) The first splicing plate 1 and the second splicing plate 2 are spliced ​​together, that is, the first insertion block 6 on the first splicing plate 1 is inserted into the first insertion interface 7 of the second splicing plate 2, and the first splicing plate 1 and the two second splicing plates 2 are spliced ​​together to form an arch shape; (b) Insert the locking block 8 on the third splicing plate 3 into the locking groove 5 opened on the first splicing plate 1 and the second splicing plate 2, and then insert the second insertion interface 13 on the fourth splicing plate 4 and the second insertion block 12 on the third splicing plate 3. When the locking block 8 is inserted into the locking groove 5, the locking mechanism 27 can be adjusted so that the locking mechanism 27 and the locking groove 11 cooperate. (c) Insert the third plug block 14 on the fourth splicing plate 4 into the first plug interface 7 on the side of the second splicing plate 2, and splice the first splicing plate 1, the second splicing plate 2, the third splicing plate 3 and the fourth splicing plate 4 cross each other. (d) Perform multiple splicing operations until the length of the tunnel is suitable; (e) After assembly, adjust the height and position of the equipment using the support mechanism 35; (f) After the equipment is used, adjust the support mechanism 35 to retract it; (g) Adjust the connection of the parts in the snap-fit ​​mechanism 27 so that the first plug-in block 6 on the first splicing plate 1 is separated from the first plug-in interface 7 on the second splicing plate 2 and the second plug-in interface 13 on the fourth splicing plate 4 is separated from the second plug-in block 12 on the third splicing plate 3. The locking block 8 is separated from the locking groove 5, and the splicing plate is pulled outward to complete the disassembly of the equipment.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the first splicing plate 1, the second splicing plate 2, the third splicing plate 3, and the fourth splicing plate 4 are cross-connected. Both the first splicing plate 1 and the second splicing plate 2 are provided with locking grooves 5. The third splicing plate 3 has locking blocks 8 on both sides connecting to the protective component I. A locking mechanism 15 is provided within the locking groove 5, and the locking mechanism 15 and the locking blocks 8 are movably connected. A snap-fit ​​mechanism 27 is provided on the lower side of the locking groove 5, and the snap-fit ​​mechanism 27 and the locking blocks 8 are movably snap-fitted together. This allows the equipment to be cross-connected and spliced ​​during use, making the equipment more secure during splicing. The splicing panels are securely connected via a snap-fit ​​mechanism 27, making the connection process more convenient and stable. When a splicing panel needs to be removed, the connection of the parts in the snap-fit ​​mechanism 27 can be adjusted, and the splicing panel can be pulled outwards to complete the disassembly of the equipment, making the installation and disassembly of the equipment more convenient. The locking mechanism 15 is located between the splicing panel and the top of the tunnel. The parts in the locking mechanism 15 are connected to the locking block 8, making the equipment safer during use and further improving the safety and stability of the equipment.

[0026] Although the specific embodiments of the invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solutions of the invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. Prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The system includes a protective plate assembly I and a protective plate assembly II arranged at intervals. The protective plate assembly I includes a first splicing plate (1) and a second splicing plate (2). The second splicing plate (2) is movably connected to both sides of the first splicing plate (1). The splicing plates are all arc-shaped. The protective plate assembly II includes a third splicing plate (3) and a fourth splicing plate (4). The fourth splicing plate (4) is movably connected to both sides of the third splicing plate (3). The first splicing plate (1), the second splicing plate (2), the third splicing plate (3) and the fourth splicing plate (4) are movably connected in a cross manner. The first splicing plate (1) and the second splicing plate (2) are provided with locking grooves (5). The third splicing plate (3) is provided with locking blocks (8) on both sides connected to the protective plate assembly I. The locking groove (5) is provided with a locking mechanism (15). The locking mechanism (15) and the locking block (8) are movably connected. The locking groove (5) is provided with a snap-fit ​​mechanism (27) on the lower side. The snap-fit ​​mechanism (27) and the locking block (8) are movably snap-fitted. The locking mechanism (15) includes a pressure rod (16), a first spring (17), a first pressing block (18), a limiting rod (19), a slider (20), a second spring (21), a sliding rod (22), a second pressing block (23), a third spring (24), a fixing rod (25), and a fourth spring (26). A limiting groove (9) is provided on the upper surface of the locking block (8), and a fixing groove (10) is provided on both sides of the locking block (8). The lock groove (5) includes a first groove (51), a second groove (52), two third grooves (53) and a T-shaped groove (54); A first spring (17) is sleeved on the pressure rod (16), and a first extrusion block (18) is installed at the end of the pressure rod (16). A limiting rod (19) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first extrusion block (18). The other end of the limiting rod (19) extends into the T-shaped groove (54) and is movably connected in the limiting groove (9). The first spring (17) is set in the first groove (51), and the first extrusion block (18) is set in the second groove (52). Two sliders (20) are provided inside the second groove (52). The first extrusion block (18) is located between the two sliders (20). The end of the slider (20) away from the first extrusion block (18) is connected to the second spring (21). The second spring (21) is provided on the second groove (52). The slide bar (22) is located on the lower side of the slider (20), and the slide bar (22) connects the second groove (52) and the third groove (53). The second extrusion block (23) is located on the lower side of the slide bar (22), and the third spring (24) is located on the lower side of the second extrusion block (23). The third spring (24) is located on the third groove (53). A fixing rod (25) is provided on the side of the second extrusion block (23) near the T-shaped groove (54). The fixing rod (25) connects the third groove (53) and the T-shaped groove (54). The fixing rod (25) extends into the T-shaped groove (54) and is movably connected in the fixing groove (10). A fourth spring (26) is sleeved on the fixing rod (25). The fourth spring (26) is set on the T-shaped groove (54). The locking mechanism (27) includes a rotating column (28), a locking block (29), a torsion spring (30), a fixing frame (31), a threaded rod (32), and a nut (33). The rotating column (28) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the T-shaped groove (54). Torsion springs (30) are provided on both sides of the rotating column (28). The locking block (29) is installed on the rotating column (28). The locking block (29) is movably connected in the locking groove (11). The locking groove (11) is set on the lower surface of the locking block (8). The fixing frame (31) is installed on the lower side of the locking groove (5). The threaded rod (32) is rotatably connected to the locking block (29). The threaded rod (32) is threadedly connected in the fixing frame (31), and a nut (33) is provided on the threaded rod (32). When in use, the locking mechanism (15) is located between the protective plate assembly I, the protective plate assembly II and the top of the tunnel. When the top of the tunnel deforms or an object falls, the tunnel compresses the locking mechanism (15). The locking mechanism (15) and the locking block (8) cooperate with each other to form a secondary engagement between the splicing plates. The greater the tunnel compression force, the stronger the locking force generated by the locking mechanism (15), making the splicing plate connection more secure and stable.

2. The prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the pressure bar (16) is provided with a force-bearing block (161), and the first extrusion block (18), the slider (20), and the second extrusion block (23) are all wedge-shaped.

3. The prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first splicing plate (1) is connected to the protective plate assembly II on both sides with multiple locking grooves (5), and the locking block (8) on the third splicing plate (3) is movably connected in the locking groove (5); The first splicing plate (1) is connected to the second splicing plate (2) on both sides by multiple first plug-in blocks (6), and the second splicing plate (2) is connected to the first splicing plate (1) on one side by multiple first plug-in interfaces (7). The first plug-in blocks (6) are movably connected to the first plug-in interfaces (7). The fourth splicing plate (4) is provided with multiple second plug-in interfaces (13) on one side connected to the third splicing plate (3), and multiple second plug-in blocks (12) are provided on both sides of the third splicing plate (3) connected to the fourth splicing plate (4). The second plug-in blocks (12) are movably connected in the second plug-in interfaces (13). The fourth splicing plate (4) is connected to the protective plate assembly I. Multiple third plug-in blocks (14) are provided on both sides. The third plug-in blocks (14) are movably connected in the lock groove (5). The second splicing plate (2) and the fourth splicing plate (4) are provided with a connecting groove (34) on the side away from the first splicing plate (1) and the third splicing plate (3), and a support mechanism (35) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (34).

4. The prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support mechanism (35) includes a support block (37), a fifth spring (38), a protrusion (39), and a support rod (40). The second splicing plate (2) and the fourth splicing plate (4) are provided with multiple grooves (36). The support block (37) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (34). The fifth spring (38) is provided in the support block (37). The fifth spring (38) is connected to the protrusion (39). The protrusion (39) is movably connected in the groove (36). The support rod (40) is provided on the side of the support block (37) away from the connecting groove (34).

5. A method for disassembling and assembling prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The assembly and disassembly method of the prefabricated protective equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 4 is as follows: (a) The first splicing plate (1) and the second splicing plate (2) are spliced ​​together, that is, the first plug block (6) on the first splicing plate (1) is inserted into the first plug interface (7) of the second splicing plate (2), and the first splicing plate (1) and the two second splicing plates (2) are spliced ​​together to form an arch; (b) Insert the locking block (8) on the third splicing plate (3) into the locking groove (5) opened on the first splicing plate (1) and the second splicing plate (2), and then insert the second insertion interface (13) on the fourth splicing plate (4) and the second insertion block (12) on the third splicing plate (3). When the locking block (8) is inserted into the locking groove (5), the locking mechanism (27) can be adjusted so that the locking mechanism (27) and the groove (11) cooperate. (c) Insert the third plug block (14) on the fourth splicing plate (4) into the first plug interface (7) on the side of the second splicing plate (2), and the first splicing plate (1), the second splicing plate (2), the third splicing plate (3) and the fourth splicing plate (4) are spliced ​​together in a cross manner; (d) Perform multiple splicing operations until the length of the tunnel is suitable; (e) After the assembly is completed, the height and position of the equipment are adjusted by the support mechanism (35); (f) After the equipment is used, adjust the support mechanism (35) to retract it; (g) Adjust the connection of the parts in the snap-fit ​​mechanism (27) so that the first plug-in block (6) on the first splicing plate (1) is separated from the first plug-in interface (7) on the second splicing plate (2) and the second plug-in interface (13) on the fourth splicing plate (4) is separated from the second plug-in block (12) on the third splicing plate (3), the locking block (8) is separated from the locking groove (5), and the splicing plate is pulled outward to complete the disassembly of the equipment.

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