Source network integration intelligent centralized heating system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a source and network integrated intelligent centralized heat supply system and an operation method thereof. Real-time operation data collected by a heat supply first station control system, a primary and secondary network control system and a user terminal temperature control system are used to perform unified optimization control and collaborative regulation on a heat source, a heat network and heat users according to predicted short-term heat loads, so that an optimized adjustment result of circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature of the heat source and each heat exchange station is obtained and transmitted to a heat supply first station DCS system, a primary and secondary network PLC system and a user terminal PLC system to perform synchronous regulation and control on various devices in the heat supply system. The application solves the problems of high energy consumption, uncoordinated network and source, unmatched heat supply and heat load and unbalanced heat network and hydraulic pressure in the traditional centralized heat supply system, realizes network and source integrated collaborative optimization and synchronous regulation of the heat source and the heat network, eliminates the unbalanced heat network and hydraulic pressure, ensures on-demand heat distribution of the heat supply system and improves operation flexibility and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of smart heating technology, and in particular relates to an integrated intelligent centralized heating system and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid expansion of heating area and scale, the regulatory pressure on centralized heating systems is constantly increasing. The strong coupling and thermal lag between heat sources, heating networks, and even heat users lead to high energy consumption and serious hydraulic and thermal imbalances in heating systems. Meanwhile, lax management and a lack of systematic control measures by heating companies further exacerbate heat waste and imbalances. Because heat exchange stations cannot coordinate their adjustments, some areas within the same heating network experience insufficient heating, while others experience heating far exceeding their load. The inability to synchronously control heat sources and networks results in a frequent imbalance between heat source output and network load due to peak-shaving effects. The diverse types of buildings at the heating terminals, with commercial, public, and industrial buildings often using a wholesale model for heating, have high temperature demands and intermittent heat loads, while residential buildings have relatively continuous temperature demands and lower supply water temperatures, leading to imbalances at the terminals. Excessive heating for residents or insufficient heating for large buildings is commonplace.

[0003] Integrated heat source and grid centralized heating systems are a common heating method. They utilize heat source stations and a heat network to transport heat energy from centralized heat source stations to users, providing both heating and domestic hot water. While this system has certain advantages, it also has some drawbacks, including the following:

[0004] 1. Energy Waste: The heat source stations in integrated centralized heating systems typically use coal, natural gas, or other traditional energy sources for heating. The combustion of these energy sources produces large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants, negatively impacting the environment. Furthermore, energy loss occurs during the transfer of heat from the heat source station to the user, resulting in energy waste.

[0005] 2. Single point of failure: Integrated centralized heating systems suffer from a single point of failure. If the heat source station malfunctions or shuts down, the entire heating system will be unable to operate normally, resulting in users being unable to obtain heating and domestic hot water. In contrast, failures in decentralized heating systems typically only affect a small number of users, making the overall heating system more reliable.

[0006] 3. High investment and maintenance costs: Integrated centralized heating systems require the construction and maintenance of large-scale heat source stations and heating networks, necessitating significant investment of capital and human resources. These costs must be covered by users' heating fees, resulting in relatively high heating costs for users.

[0007] 4. Difficulty in temperature regulation: In a centralized heating system integrating heat source and grid, hot water generated by the heat source station is transported to users through the heat network, and users can only receive a uniform heating temperature. This results in low flexibility for users in temperature regulation, making it impossible to adjust the temperature according to individual needs.

[0008] 5. Pipeline Losses and Uneven Heat Distribution: Since heat energy needs to be transported to users through pipelines, there are inherent pipeline losses. Prolonged use can lead to pipe aging and leakage. Furthermore, due to limitations in pipeline layout and differences in heating load, some users may experience uneven heat distribution, resulting in insufficient or excessive heating in some areas.

[0009] In summary, integrated centralized heating systems suffer from problems such as energy waste, single point of failure, high investment and maintenance costs, difficulty in temperature regulation, pipeline losses, and uneven heat distribution. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an integrated intelligent centralized heating system and its operation method, which solves the problems of high heating energy consumption, uncoordinated network and source, mismatch between heating supply and heat load, and thermal-hydraulic imbalance of the heating network in traditional centralized heating systems.

[0011] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0012] An operation method for an integrated intelligent centralized heating system, comprising,

[0013] S1 predicts short-term heat load based on weather factors and historical operating data;

[0014] S2, through real-time operating data collected by the heating station control system, the primary and secondary network control systems and the user terminal temperature control system, performs unified optimization control and coordinated adjustment on the heat source, heating network and heat users according to the predicted short-term heat load, and obtains the optimized adjustment results of the circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature for the heat source and each heat exchange station; among them, according to the different types of heat load demand caused by different building types at the end of the heat user, the circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature at the end of various buildings are adjusted and controlled.

[0015] S3 transmits the obtained optimization and adjustment results of heat source, heat network, and heat users to the DCS system of the first heating station, the PLC system of the primary and secondary networks, and the PLC system of the user terminal, respectively, to synchronously adjust and control each device in the heating system.

[0016] Preferably, the optimization control and coordinated adjustment are carried out by collecting real-time operating data of the heat source through the heating primary station control system as follows:

[0017] The real-time operation data of the heat source is collected by the heating first station control system. The real-time heat supply information of the power plant is analyzed and adjusted. Based on the current supply and return water temperature, flow rate and historical operation data, the current heat supply and future heat load can be calculated and predicted. By changing the pressure, temperature and flow rate of the heat pump drive steam, the amount of heat pump recovering waste heat from desulfurization slurry and heating the primary heating of the heating network circulating water can be adjusted. The pressure of the desulfurization slurry circulation pump and vacuum pump is adjusted to control the recovery of waste heat on the low-temperature side of the heat pump, so that the heat supply on the heat source side and the real-time heat load on the user side are accurately matched, and heat imbalance is avoided.

[0018] Preferably, the real-time operating data of the heat source collected by the heating primary station control system includes the supply and return water temperatures of the main pipeline, the frequency, circulation head and flow rate of the heating network circulating water pump, the extraction steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the heating network heater, the inlet steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the low-pressure cylinder, the driving steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the absorption heat pump, the outlet temperature of the heating network return water heat pump, the flow rate and temperature of the desulfurization slurry spray, the pressure of the negative pressure flash tank, the liquid level of the condensate tank, the opening degree of each electric regulating valve, the start signals of other auxiliary equipment and environmental information parameters.

[0019] Preferably, the optimization control and coordinated adjustment of real-time operating data collected from the heat exchange stations of the heating network through the primary and secondary network control systems are as follows:

[0020] By installing PLC control devices in each heat exchange station, the real-time operating data collected in each heat exchange station is processed and analyzed. Combined with historical operating data parameters, the heat exchange stations are adjusted in a coordinated manner. Based on the supply and return water temperature and flow rate of the primary and secondary networks and combined with historical operating data, the opening degree of the electric regulating valve of the primary network and the frequency of the circulating water pump of the secondary network in each heat exchange station are adjusted to achieve a balanced state between the primary and secondary networks and to ensure that the heat exchange stations achieve hydraulic and thermal balance.

[0021] Preferably, the real-time operating data collected by the primary and secondary network control systems within the heat exchange station includes: primary network supply and return water temperature, primary network supply and return water pressure, primary network supply and return water flow rate, secondary network supply and return water temperature, secondary network supply and return water pressure, secondary network supply and return water flow rate, secondary network circulating water pump frequency, opening degree of each electric regulating valve, heating supply of large buildings in the heat wholesale area, and outdoor ambient temperature.

[0022] Preferably, the optimization control and coordinated adjustment are carried out using real-time operating data of heat users collected by the user-end temperature control system, specifically as follows:

[0023] By collecting real-time operating data from heat users through the user-end temperature control system and combining it with the user's historical operating curves, the opening of the electric regulating valves at each user end is adjusted. Based on the temperature at each user end, the heat supply and flow rate of each user are balanced and adjusted to ensure the heat supply of each user and to make the user-end heating network reach a state of hydraulic and thermal balance.

[0024] Preferably, the real-time operating data of heat users collected by the user-end temperature control system includes the supply and return water temperatures of each residential building, the opening degree of the regulating valve, and the supply and return water temperatures, the opening degree of the regulating valve, and the heat consumption of large buildings.

[0025] An integrated intelligent centralized heating system comprising,

[0026] The integrated intelligent centralized control platform for the source and network includes a heating station control system, a primary and secondary network control system, and a user terminal temperature control system; the heating station control system, the primary and secondary network control system, and the user terminal temperature control system are all connected to the integrated intelligent centralized control platform for the source and network.

[0027] The heating station control system is used to process the operating status data of the heat source and control the actions of various devices, and performs control and regulation through the heating station DCS system.

[0028] The primary and secondary network control system is used to centrally control each device according to the operating status of the heating network monitored by the PLC, and to balance and adjust the heat supply and flow of each user according to the temperature of each user terminal. The control and adjustment are executed through the primary and secondary network PLC system.

[0029] The user-end temperature control system is used to monitor and control the operating status of the heat user terminals corresponding to each heat exchange station, and executes control and regulation through the user-end PLC system.

[0030] Preferably, the heat source includes a steam extraction heating system from a thermal power plant and a flue gas waste heat recovery system; the heating network is a centralized heating primary and secondary pipe network.

[0031] Preferably, the heat user terminals include industrial heat users, commercial heat users, public heat users, and residential heat users.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] This invention provides an integrated intelligent centralized heating system and its operation method. The system consists of three parts: a heat source, a heat network, and heat user terminals. The heat source is a primary heating station composed of a steam extraction heating system and a flue gas waste heat recovery system from a thermal power plant. Its monitoring and control are performed by the DCS of the primary heating station. The control system of the primary heating station processes the operating status data of the heat source and controls the equipment operation. The heat network consists of a centralized heating primary and secondary pipeline network. Its monitoring and control are performed by a PLC at the heat exchange station. The primary and secondary network control systems are responsible for centralized control of each device based on the operating status of the heat network monitored by the PLC, thus solving the problems of single failure point, high investment and maintenance costs in integrated centralized heating systems. The heat user terminals consist of various types of buildings, including industrial, commercial, public, and residential buildings. The monitoring and control of the operating status of the user terminals corresponding to each heat exchange station are performed by the PLC of the user unit, which is responsible for monitoring and controlling the operation of each user terminal based on the operating status of the heat source. The user terminal temperature balances and regulates the heat supply and flow to each user. The integrated intelligent centralized control platform connects the heating station, primary and secondary networks, and user terminals. First, it predicts the short-term heat load based on weather factors and historical operating data. Then, based on real-time operating data obtained from the heating station, primary and secondary networks, and user temperature data acquisition systems, it performs unified optimization control and coordinated regulation of the heat source, heat network, and heat users respectively. It obtains the optimized adjustment results of the circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature for the heat source and each heat exchange station. At the same time, it considers the different types of heat load demand caused by different building types at the user terminals. The optimization results also include adjustment schemes for the circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature of various building terminals. Finally, it is transmitted to the DCS of the heating station, the PLC of the primary and secondary networks, and the PLC of the user terminals to synchronously regulate and control the various devices in the heating system. The above-mentioned system and operation method can be used in large-scale centralized heating networks where existing cogeneration units serve as heat sources. It can achieve integrated optimization of the network and source, synchronous regulation of the heat source and network, elimination of thermal and hydraulic imbalances, ensure that the heat in the heating system is distributed on demand, effectively improve the heating quality for users, reduce the overall heating energy consumption of the system, and improve operational flexibility and stability. It effectively solves the problems of energy waste, single point of failure, high investment and maintenance costs, difficulty in temperature regulation, pipeline losses, and uneven heat distribution that exist in integrated centralized heating systems.

[0034] Furthermore, the system of the present invention connects the heat source, primary and secondary networks, and user terminals to monitor and control their operating status, thereby achieving integrated network-source coordinated scheduling. By comprehensively considering environmental factors and historical operating data as references, the system coordinates and optimizes the entire network to achieve heat and hydraulic balance, eliminate uneven heating and heat waste, improve the operational flexibility and reliability of the heating system, and ensure the quality of heating for users.

[0035] Furthermore, the heat source obtains the predicted heat load and the direction of heat supply adjustment based on the operating status of the primary and secondary networks and the real-time heat consumption at the user end, combined with historical operating curves. This ensures that the heat supply from the heat source is precisely matched with the heat load demand of the heating network, avoiding supply and demand imbalances, achieving on-demand heating and precise adjustment, and reducing heating energy consumption while ensuring heat load demand.

[0036] Furthermore, the hydraulic balance of the primary network is quickly achieved by using the coordinated regulation of the entire network, and the thermal balance is achieved by adjusting the supply and return average temperatures. The secondary network is coordinated with the primary network to ensure the heat supply to users of each heat exchange station, while solving the impact of the lag and hydraulic imbalance of the secondary network.

[0037] Furthermore, the user-end temperature control system will link and regulate various types of buildings to ensure the heat load demand of each user while meeting the heating temperature of large buildings. It will determine the flow and heat control of each user unit based on the return water temperature, and control the temperature and heat balance in different areas to meet the diverse needs of heating companies and their users.

[0038] Furthermore, absorption heat pumps indirectly recover waste heat from the exhaust of thermal power units by extracting low-grade waste heat from desulfurization slurry, thereby increasing the unit's heating capacity, realizing energy cascade utilization, and reducing the unit's heating costs and pollutant emissions.

[0039] Furthermore, this system and its operating method can be used in large-scale centralized heating networks where existing cogeneration units serve as heat sources. It can achieve integrated optimization of the network and the heat source, synchronous regulation of the heat source and the heat network, eliminate thermal and hydraulic imbalances, ensure that the heat in the heating system is distributed on demand, effectively improve the heating quality for users, reduce the overall heating energy consumption of the system, and improve operational flexibility and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an integrated intelligent centralized heating control system;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated heating system of the source and grid in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a partial view of the heat user terminal of the integrated source-grid heating system in the embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a partial view of the combined heat and power unit of the integrated heating system in the embodiment;

[0044] In the diagram: 1-First ball valve; 2-First electric regulating valve; 3-Second ball valve; 4-Low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve; 5-Third ball valve; 6-Second electric regulating valve; 7-Generator; 8-First expansion valve; 9-Absorber; 10-Solution pump; 11-Evaporator; 12-Second expansion valve; 13-Condenser; 14-First heat meter; 15-First thermometer; 16-Primary network circulating water pump; 17-Fourth ball valve; 18-Third electric regulating valve; 19-Fifth ball valve; 20-Heating network heater; 21-Second thermometer; 22-Sixth ball valve; 23-Slurry spray pump; 24-Negative pressure flash tank; 25-Vacuum pump; 26-Slurry return water pump; 27-Condensate pump; 28-Fourth electric regulating valve; 29-Condensate tank; 30-Fifth electric regulating valve; 31-Seventh ball valve; 32-Third thermometer; 33-Plate heat exchanger Heater; 34-Fourth thermometer; 35-Sixth electric regulating valve; 36-Eighth ball valve; 37-Seventh electric regulating valve; 38-Second network circulating water pump; 39-Fifth thermometer; 40-Sixth thermometer; 41-Second heat meter; 42-Seventh thermometer; 43-Eighth thermometer; 44-Eighth electric regulating valve; 45-Third heat meter; 46-Ninth thermometer; 47-Tenth thermometer; 48-Ninth electric regulating valve; 49-Fourth heat meter; 50-Eleventh thermometer; 51-Twelfth thermometer; 52-Tenth electric regulating valve; 53-Thirteenth thermometer; 54-Fourteenth thermometer; 55-Eleventh electric regulating valve; 56-Fifteenth thermometer; 57-Sixteenth thermometer; 58-Twelfth electric regulating valve; 59-Seventeenth thermometer; 60-Eighteenth thermometer; 61-Thirteenth electric regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] An integrated intelligent centralized heating system and its operation method, such as Figure 1As shown, the system comprises three parts: heat source, heat network, and heat user terminals, all coordinated and scheduled by an integrated intelligent centralized control platform. The heat source is the primary heating station, consisting of the power plant's extraction steam heating system and flue gas waste heat recovery system. Data acquisition and control execution at the primary heating station are implemented by the DCS system. Measurement data includes the supply and return water temperatures of the main network pipe, the frequency, circulation head and flow rate of the heat network circulating water pumps, the extraction steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the heat network heaters, the inlet steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the low-pressure cylinder, the driving steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the absorption heat pump, the outlet temperature of the heat network return water heat pump, the flow rate and temperature of the desulfurization slurry spray, the pressure of the negative pressure flash tank, the liquid level of the condensate tank, the opening degree of each electric regulating valve, the start signals of other auxiliary equipment, environmental information parameters, etc. The real-time heat supply information on the power plant side is analyzed from the above data and adjustments are made accordingly. Based on the current supply and return water temperatures, flow rates, and historical operating data, current heat supply calculations and future heat load predictions can be performed. By changing the heat pump drive steam pressure, temperature, and flow rate, the amount of heat pump recovered from the desulfurization slurry waste heat and the amount of heat pump used for primary heating of the heating network circulating water can be adjusted. Adjusting the pressure of the desulfurization slurry circulation pump and vacuum pump controls the recovery of waste heat on the low-temperature side of the heat pump, ensuring precise matching between the heat supply on the heat source side and the real-time heat load on the user side, thus avoiding heat imbalance.

[0048] The data acquisition and control of the primary and secondary networks are implemented by a PLC system. PLC control devices are installed at each heat exchange station to monitor real-time data including the primary network's supply and return water temperatures, pressures, and flow rates; the secondary network's supply and return water temperatures, pressures, and flow rates; the frequency of the secondary network's circulating water pumps; the opening degree of each electric regulating valve; the heating supply to large buildings in the wholesale heat sales area; and the outdoor ambient temperature. The system's data acquisition and processing functions analyze this data and, combined with historical operating data parameters, implement coordinated adjustments to each heat exchange station. Based on the primary and secondary network supply and return water temperatures and flow rates, and combined with historical operating data, the opening degree of the primary network's electric regulating valves and the frequency of the secondary network's circulating water pumps are adjusted to achieve a balanced state between the primary and secondary networks, ensuring hydraulic and thermal balance among the heat exchange stations.

[0049] The heat user terminals consist of various types of buildings, including industrial, commercial, public, and residential buildings. The monitoring and control of the operating status of each user terminal at each heat exchange station is executed by the user unit PLC, which is responsible for balancing and adjusting the heat supply and flow rate of each user based on the temperature of each user terminal. The user terminal temperature data collection and monitoring data includes the supply and return water temperatures of each residential building supplied by the station, the opening of the regulating valve, the supply and return water temperatures of large buildings, the opening of the regulating valve, and the heat consumption. The terminal temperature control platform uses the above data in conjunction with the user's historical operating curves to adjust the opening of the electric regulating valves of each user terminal to ensure the heat supply to each user, so that the terminal heat network achieves a state of hydraulic and thermal balance, eliminating the problems of uneven heating and high energy consumption.

[0050] The integrated intelligent centralized control platform connects the primary heating station, primary and secondary networks, and user terminals. First, it predicts the short-term heat load based on weather factors and historical operating data. Then, based on real-time operating data obtained from the temperature data acquisition systems of the primary heating station, primary and secondary networks, and user terminals, it performs unified optimization control and coordinated adjustment of the heat source, heat network, and heat users respectively. It obtains the optimized adjustment results of the circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature for the heat source and each heat exchange station. At the same time, it considers the different types of heat load demand caused by different building types at the user terminals. The optimization results also include adjustment schemes for the circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature of various building terminals. Finally, it transmits the data to the DCS of the primary heating station, the PLC of the primary and secondary networks, and the PLC of the user terminals to synchronously adjust and control the various devices in the heating system.

[0051] This invention provides an integrated intelligent centralized heating system and its operation method. The system consists of three parts: a heat source, a heat network, and heat user terminals. The heat source is a primary heating station composed of a steam extraction heating system and a flue gas waste heat recovery system from a thermal power plant. Its monitoring and control are performed by the DCS of the primary heating station. The control system of the primary heating station processes the operating status data of the heat source and controls the equipment operation. The heat network consists of a centralized heating primary and secondary pipeline network. Its monitoring and control are performed by a PLC at the heat exchange station. The primary and secondary network control systems are responsible for centralized control of each device based on the operating status of the heat network monitored by the PLC. The heat user terminals consist of various types of buildings, including industrial, commercial, public, and residential buildings. The monitoring and control of the operating status of the user terminals corresponding to each heat exchange station are performed by the PLC of the user unit, which is responsible for adjusting the heat supply and flow rate for each user based on the temperature of each user terminal. The system implements balanced regulation by connecting the heating station, primary and secondary networks, and end users through an integrated intelligent centralized control platform. First, it predicts short-term heat load based on weather factors and historical operating data. Then, based on real-time operating data from the heating station, primary and secondary networks, and end users' temperature data acquisition systems, it performs unified optimization control and coordinated regulation of the heat source, heat network, and heat users. This yields optimized adjustment results for the circulating water flow and supply / return water temperature at the heat source and each heat exchange station. Considering the different types of heat load demands at the end users' building types, the optimization results also include adjustment schemes for the circulating water flow and supply / return water temperature at various building ends. Finally, the data is transmitted to the heating station's DCS, the primary and secondary network PLCs, and the end-user PLCs for synchronous regulation and control of all equipment in the heating system. The above-mentioned system and operation method can be used in large-scale centralized heating networks where existing cogeneration units serve as heat sources. It can achieve integrated optimization of the network and source, synchronous regulation of the heat source and network, eliminate thermal and hydraulic imbalances, ensure that the heat in the heating system is distributed on demand, effectively improve the heating quality for users, reduce the overall heating energy consumption of the system, and improve operational flexibility and stability.

[0052] Example 1,

[0053] The present invention provides an integrated intelligent centralized heating system and its operation method, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0054] The primary heating station on the heat source side monitors information such as the primary network supply and return water temperatures, primary network circulating water flow rates, heating network heater extraction steam parameters, heat pump drive steam parameters, low-pressure cylinder inlet steam parameters, desulfurization slurry circulation flow rates, primary network circulating water pump frequency, the opening degree of each electric regulating valve, outdoor ambient temperature, and auxiliary equipment operating status. This information is then uploaded to the primary heating station's DCS system for unified processing. First, the above data is collected. Based on the real-time outdoor temperature, the predicted heat load is calculated and corrected using historical load curves. Then, based on the operating status of the thermal power unit, the parameters and flow rates of the heat pump drive steam and the heating network extraction steam are adjusted. Simultaneously, the frequency of the desulfurization slurry circulation pump on the low-temperature waste heat side of the heat pump is adjusted to ensure balance on the heat pump side. For example... Figure 4As shown, the entire process is described in detail as follows: Under normal conditions, the sixth ball valve 22 is closed, and the fourth ball valve 17 and the fifth ball valve 19 are open. The primary network return water is pressurized by the primary network circulating water pump 16 and then passes through the absorber 9, condenser 13, and heating network heater 20 before being supplied to the outside. During this process, the primary network supply and return water temperatures are measured by the first thermometer 15 and the second thermometer 21, and the primary network circulating water flow rate and heat supply are measured by the first heat meter 14. After being heated to the supply water temperature by the heating extraction steam in the heating network heater 20, it is supplied to the heat users. The bypass where the sixth ball valve 22 is located is used to activate the heat pump when the heat pump recovery of waste heat is insufficient or the heat pump is not in use. When the bypass and the heat pump heating main line are in operation at the same time, the third electric regulating valve 18 is used to control the flow distribution of the primary network circulating water entering the heat pump and entering the bypass. The heat pump recovers the waste heat of the desulfurization slurry on the low-temperature side. The desulfurization slurry is sprayed into the negative pressure flash tank 24 by the slurry spray pump 23. The vacuum pump 25 maintains the negative pressure in the tank so that the slurry flashes in the tank. The flash steam enters the evaporator 11 and is recovered as low-temperature waste heat. The condensate at the outlet of the evaporator 11 is pumped back to the flash tank by the condensate pump 27. In order to maintain the liquid level in the tank, part of the condensate is sent into the condensate tank 29. The fourth electric regulating valve 28 and the fifth electric regulating valve 30 are used to distribute the flow rate of condensate sent back to the flash tank 24 and the condensate tank 29. The slurry return pump 26 sends the desulfurization slurry in the tank that has been cooled back to the desulfurization tower. In the absorption heat pump generator 7, the dilute lithium bromide solution is heated by driving steam and evaporates into high-temperature, high-pressure water vapor. The water vapor enters the condenser 13 to heat the first-net return water. The resulting concentrated lithium bromide solution enters the absorber 9 through the first expansion valve 8. The high-temperature, high-pressure water vapor condenses in the condenser 13 and then enters the evaporator 11 through the expansion valve 12 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure steam-water mixture. The resulting low-temperature, low-pressure water vapor enters the absorber 9 and mixes with the concentrated lithium bromide solution to form a dilute lithium bromide solution. The process releases heat and heats the first-net return water. The dilute lithium bromide solution is then sent back to the generator 7 via the solution pump 10 to complete the cycle. The DCS system of the primary heating station adjusts the steam flow of the heat pump drive, the steam flow of the low-pressure cylinder, and the steam extraction flow of the heating network heater based on the calculated predicted heat load and the waste heat recovered from the desulfurization slurry. Generally, after the thermal power unit is modified by cylinder cutting, the opening of the low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve only needs to maintain the minimum cooling steam flow of the low-pressure cylinder. The first electric regulating valve 2 and the second electric regulating valve 6 respectively regulate the flow of the drive steam entering the absorption heat pump generator 7 and the flow of the heating extraction steam entering the heating network heater 20, so that the return water of the primary network can be heated to the required supply water temperature of the heat exchange station. The flow rate of the primary network circulating water is calculated based on the calculated predicted heat load and the temperature difference between the supply and return water, and the frequency of the primary network circulating pump 16 is adjusted. The entire process is realized by the DCS system of the primary heating station, and the information is uploaded to the integrated intelligent centralized control platform of the source and network.

[0055] like Figure 3As shown, the user-side terminal monitors information such as the supply and return water temperature, circulation flow rate, heating capacity, electric regulating valve opening, and auxiliary equipment operating status of each user. This data is uploaded to the user-side temperature control system for centralized processing. The data is then uniformly uploaded to the PLC system of each branch unit. Based on the current flow rate and supply and return water temperature of the secondary network, the electric regulating valves at each user terminal are adjusted to ensure that the average supply and return water temperature of factories, commercial buildings, and public buildings is higher than that of residential buildings. This process is achieved by adjusting the eighth electric regulating valve 44, the ninth electric regulating valve 48, the tenth electric regulating valve 52, the eleventh electric regulating valve 55, the twelfth electric regulating valve 58, and the thirteenth electric regulating valve 61. Under the current secondary network supply water temperature, the unit PLC program first refers to the historical heat load to adjust the return water temperature based on the partial load operating status corresponding to the current supply water temperature. The process involves calculating the return water temperature and then adjusting the electric regulating valves of each branch unit accordingly. For example, on the industrial building side, based on the supply water temperature measured by the seventh thermometer 42, the return water temperature corresponding to the current outdoor temperature is found in the historical heat load data and operated at that supply water temperature. The eighth electric regulating valve is then adjusted so that the reading of the eighth thermometer 43 reaches that return water temperature. On the commercial building side, based on the supply water temperature measured by the ninth thermometer 46, the return water temperature corresponding to the current outdoor temperature and operated at that supply water temperature is found in the historical heat load data. The ninth electric regulating valve 48 is then adjusted so that the reading of the tenth thermometer 47 reaches that return water temperature. Similarly, for public buildings, the return water temperature is calculated based on the supply water temperature measured by the twelfth thermometer 51 combined with historical data. The opening of the tenth electric regulating valve 52 is then adjusted so that the return water temperature measured by the twelfth thermometer 51 reaches the calculated value. The average supply and return water temperatures in residential buildings are lower than those in large buildings. Based on the building supply water temperatures measured by the 13th thermometer 53, 15th thermometer 56, and 17th thermometer 59, combined with historical operating data from the system, and the predicted heat load obtained from the current outdoor temperature and historical curves, the return water temperature under the current supply and heat load conditions is found or calculated from historical data. The 11th electric regulating valve 55, 12th electric regulating valve 58, and 13th electric regulating valve 61 are then adjusted to bring the return water temperatures of each residential unit, measured by the 14th thermometer 54, 16th thermometer 57, and 18th thermometer 60, to the set values. This completes the initial temperature balance adjustment at the user end. This technology can be applied to large centralized heating networks using existing combined heat and power units as heat sources. It enables integrated optimization of the network and heat source, synchronous adjustment of the heat source and network, elimination of thermal and hydraulic imbalances, ensuring on-demand heat distribution, effectively improving the quality of heating for users, reducing system energy consumption, and enhancing operational flexibility and stability.

[0056] The primary and secondary network control systems on the heating network side monitor the primary network circulation flow rate, primary network supply and return water temperature, secondary network circulation flow rate, secondary network supply and return water temperature, secondary network circulating water pump frequency, heat exchange capacity, electric valve opening degree, and auxiliary equipment operating status information in each heat exchange station. This data is transmitted to the PLCs of each heat exchange station for unified processing and adjustment by the primary and secondary network control systems. The ultimate goal of adjustment is to ensure that the primary network heat supply of each heat exchange station meets the secondary network demand and that the primary network flow rate meets operating conditions. First, the current operating status of the primary heating station and the user terminal is uploaded to the integrated intelligent centralized heating platform. Based on the current heat source heat supply and user terminal heat load demand, combined with historical operating data correction, the current heat and flow supply-demand balance relationship is calculated. The platform's algorithm is then used to optimize the processing and issue control commands to the PLCs of each heat exchange station. At the current supply water temperature, the return water temperature and the primary network circulation flow rate within the station are calculated based on the predicted heat load. The sixth electric regulating valve 35 is adjusted to bring the primary network return water temperature and flow rate to the calculated values. During adjustment, all heat exchange stations within the heating network are adjusted in tandem. For example, when two heat exchange stations are adjusted in tandem, the distribution of the primary network flow rate within each station is controlled by controlling the opening of the sixth electric regulating valve 35 and the seventh electric regulating valve 37. At the same time, the return water temperature of all heat exchange stations reaches the system's calculated value. At this time, the secondary network side calculates the corresponding secondary network supply and return water temperatures and circulation flow rates based on the current heat load and historical operating data. The frequency of the secondary network circulating water pump 38 is adjusted to bring the secondary network operating conditions to the calculated supply and return water temperatures and flow rates. Thus, the initial balance adjustment of the heating system is completed.

[0057] After the initial balance adjustment technology, the operational status monitoring data collected from the heating station, heat exchange station, and user units are uploaded to their respective control systems via DCS and PLC, and then uniformly transmitted to the integrated intelligent centralized control platform. The platform compares historical operational data with the current outdoor temperature-corresponding heat load demand, the current heat source supply, the flow and temperature of the primary and secondary networks at the heat exchange station, and the flow and temperature at the user terminal to evaluate whether the overall heating balance of the system is balanced. It also performs unified flow and temperature compensation and correction on the operating status of equipment in each link, realizing integrated centralized control of the source and network and improving the intelligence level of the centralized heating system.

[0058] For example, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating an integrated intelligent centralized heating system, characterized in that, include: S1 predicts short-term heat load based on weather factors and historical operating data; S2 uses real-time operating data collected by the heating first station control system, the primary and secondary network control system and the user terminal temperature control system to perform unified optimization control and coordinated adjustment of heat source, heating network and heat users based on the predicted short-term heat load, and obtain the optimized adjustment results of circulating water flow and supply and return water temperature for heat source and each heat exchange station. S3 transmits the optimization and adjustment results of the heat source, heat network and heat users to the DCS system of the first heating station, the PLC system of the primary and secondary networks and the PLC system of the user terminal to perform synchronous adjustment and control of each device in the heating system. In S2, the real-time operating data of the heat source is collected through the heating primary station control system, and the optimization control and coordinated adjustment are carried out as follows: The real-time operation data of the heat source is collected by the heating first station control system. The real-time heat supply information of the power plant is analyzed and adjusted. Based on the current supply and return water temperature, flow rate and historical operation data, the current heat supply and future heat load can be calculated and predicted. By changing the heat pump drive steam pressure, temperature and flow rate, the amount of heat pump recovered from the desulfurization slurry waste heat and the heating amount for the primary heating of the heating network circulating water can be adjusted. The pressure of the desulfurization slurry circulation pump and vacuum pump is adjusted to control the heat pump to recover waste heat on the low temperature side, so that the heat supply on the heat source side and the real-time heat load on the user side can be accurately matched. In S2, the real-time operating data collected from the heat exchange stations of the heating network through the primary and secondary network control systems is used for optimization control and coordinated regulation. By installing PLC control devices in each heat exchange station, the real-time operating data collected in each heat exchange station is processed and analyzed. Combined with historical operating data parameters, the heat exchange stations are adjusted in a coordinated manner. Based on the supply and return water temperature and flow rate of the primary and secondary networks and combined with historical operating data, the opening degree of the electric regulating valve of the primary network and the frequency of the circulating water pump of the secondary network in each heat exchange station are adjusted to achieve a balanced state between the primary and secondary networks and to ensure that the heat exchange stations achieve hydraulic and thermal balance. In S2, the optimization control and coordinated adjustment are specifically carried out using real-time operating data of heat users collected through the user-end temperature control system: By collecting real-time operating data from heat users through the user-end temperature control system and combining it with the user's historical operating curves, the opening of the electric regulating valves at each user end is adjusted. The heat supply and flow rate of each user are balanced and adjusted according to the temperature of each user end to ensure the heat supply of each user and to achieve a hydraulic and thermal balance in the user-end heating network. The circulating water flow rate and supply and return water temperature of various buildings are adjusted and controlled according to the different types of heat load demand caused by different building types at the heat user end.

2. The operation method of the integrated intelligent centralized heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time operating data of the heat source collected by the heating station control system includes the supply and return water temperature of the main pipe of the heating network, the frequency of the heating network circulating water pump, the circulation head and flow rate, the extraction steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the heating network heater, the inlet steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the low-pressure cylinder, the driving steam pressure, temperature and flow rate of the absorption heat pump, the outlet temperature of the heating network return water heat pump, the desulfurization slurry spray flow rate and temperature, the pressure of the negative pressure flash tank, the liquid level of the condensate tank, the opening degree of each electric regulating valve, and environmental information parameters.

3. The operation method of the integrated intelligent centralized heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary and secondary network control systems collect real-time operating data from the heat exchange stations of the heating network, including: primary network supply and return water temperature, primary network supply and return water pressure, primary network supply and return water flow rate, secondary network supply and return water temperature, secondary network supply and return water pressure, secondary network supply and return water flow rate, secondary network circulating water pump frequency, opening degree of each electric regulating valve, heating supply of large buildings in the heat wholesale area, and outdoor ambient temperature.

4. The operation method of the integrated intelligent centralized heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time operating data collected by the user-end temperature control system for heat users includes the supply and return water temperatures of each residential building, the opening degree of the regulating valve, and the supply and return water temperatures, the opening degree of the regulating valve, and the heat consumption of large buildings.

5. An integrated source-grid intelligent centralized heating system, based on the operation method of the integrated source-grid intelligent centralized heating system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The integrated intelligent centralized control platform for heating source and network includes the heating first station control system, the primary and secondary network control system, and the user terminal temperature control system. The heating first station control system, the primary and secondary network control system and the user terminal temperature control system are all connected to the integrated intelligent centralized control platform of the source and network. The heating station control system is used to process the operating status data of the heat source and control the actions of various devices, and performs control and regulation through the heating station DCS system. The primary and secondary network control system is used to centrally control each device according to the operating status of the heating network monitored by the PLC, and to balance and adjust the heat supply and flow of each user according to the temperature of each user terminal. The control and adjustment are executed through the primary and secondary network PLC system. The user-end temperature control system is used to monitor and control the operating status of the heat user terminals corresponding to each heat exchange station, and executes control and regulation through the user-end PLC system.

6. The integrated intelligent centralized heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat source includes a steam extraction heating system from a thermal power plant and a flue gas waste heat recovery system; the heating network is a centralized heating primary and secondary pipeline network.

7. The integrated intelligent centralized heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat user terminals include industrial heat users, commercial heat users, public heat users, and residential heat users.

Images