A water quality transparency measuring device
By designing a water transparency measuring device that includes components such as a graduated tape and a Seidon disk, the problem of measurement accuracy being affected by arm movements in single-person operation was solved, enabling accurate readings without changing posture and improving measurement accuracy.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CCCC SHANGHAI DREDGING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing water transparency measuring devices are prone to having their measurement accuracy affected by arm movements when operated by a single person, making it difficult to achieve precise readings.
A water transparency measuring device was designed, comprising a scale tape, a Seidon disc, a winding roller, a drive shaft, a winding mechanism, a support mechanism, a locking mechanism, a floating mechanism, a rope clamping mechanism, and a counterweight mechanism. The scale tape is fixed by the floating mechanism to prevent changes in posture, thereby achieving accurate locking and reading of the scale tape.
It improves the accuracy of water transparency measurement, ensures precise readings of the scale without changing posture, and enhances measurement accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN117030617B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of water quality testing technology, specifically to a water transparency measuring device. Background Technology
[0002] Transparency refers to the degree to which light passes through. This concept has been used in many fields. Transparency indicators include transparent, semi-transparent, and translucent. Application areas include water quality testing and gemstone testing. In water quality testing, transparency refers to the clarity of a water sample. Clean water is transparent. Transparency is the opposite of turbidity. The more suspended matter and colloidal particles in the water, the lower its transparency.
[0003] When measuring water transparency, the lead type method, the Seidon disc method, and the cross method are commonly used. The Seidon disc is a 200 mm diameter disc, half black and half white. It is placed horizontally in the water with the backlight facing down and gradually sinks. The water depth at which the disc is just barely visible indicates the transparency. Since one end of the scale is fixed below the arm to maintain its height, and releasing the rope takes time, it only needs to be released slowly, and the naked eye does not need to be too close to the water surface. However, reading the scale requires close observation and a significant change in posture. If operated by a single person, it is easy to unconsciously move the arm to maintain the height of the scale while reading, causing the scale to rise or fall, significantly affecting measurement accuracy. Therefore, a water transparency measuring device is needed that allows for a floating mechanism with a fixed scale on the water surface during measurement. This locks the scale position without significant posture changes when the Seidon disc reaches the depth where it is just barely visible, allowing for precise close-range readings and improving measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a water transparency measuring device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background.
[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a water transparency measuring device, comprising: a scale belt and a Sesquiver, one end of the scale belt is fixedly connected to a roller, the scale belt is wound around the surface of the roller, a drive shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the roller, winding mechanisms are provided on both sides of the scale belt, a support mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the scale belt, a locking mechanism is provided at the top of the support mechanism, a floating mechanism is provided on the surface of the support mechanism, a rope clamping mechanism is provided at the end of the scale belt away from the roller, a connecting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rope clamping mechanism, and a counterweight mechanism is provided below the connecting mechanism.
[0006] Preferably, the winding mechanism includes a support frame, a crank handle, a support plate, a pressure arm, a pressure roller, a first spring, a wheel frame, and a first limiting wheel. The support frame is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft via bearings. The crank handle is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft. The support plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame. The pressure arm is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support plate. The pressure roller is rotatably connected to one end of the pressure arm. The first spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support plate, and the surface of the first spring is slidably connected to the surface of the pressure arm. The wheel frame is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame. The first limiting wheel is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the wheel frame. There are two first limiting wheels, and a scale strip is tumbled between the two first limiting wheels.
[0007] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a float, a clamp, and a central hole. The float is movably disposed below the support frame, the clamp is integrally disposed on the surface of the float, and a storage opening is provided through the outer wall of the float. The central hole is provided through the middle of the float, and the scale band is located inside the central hole.
[0008] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a guide block, a guide waist hole, a second limiting wheel, a wheel axle, a pressure wheel, and a synchronizing block. The guide block is integrally disposed on the surface of the floating frame. The guide waist hole is opened through the surface of the guide block, and there are four guide waist holes, with each pair of guide waist holes forming a group. Each group of guide waist holes is distributed in a figure-eight shape. The second limiting wheel is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guide block. The wheel axle is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide waist hole, and there are two wheel axles. The pressure wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the wheel axle, and the synchronizing block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide block.
[0009] Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a second spring and a guide hole. The second spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide block, and the surface of the second spring is slidably connected to the surface of the synchronization block. The guide hole is opened through both sides of the synchronization block, and the inner wall of the guide hole is slidably connected to the outer wall of the wheel axle.
[0010] Preferably, the floating mechanism includes a connecting frame, a frame, and a float. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating frame, the frame is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, and the float is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the frame. The shape and size of the frame match the shape and size of the storage opening.
[0011] Preferably, the rope clamping mechanism includes an end frame, a locking block, a clamping plate, and gears. The end frame is positioned above the Seidon disc. The locking block is integrally mounted on the inner wall of the end frame. The clamping plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end frame and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the end frame. There are two clamping plates, which are connected by gear transmission. Each of the two gears has meshing teeth on one side. One end of the scale band is located between the two clamping plates, and the end frame is fixedly connected to the scale band through the two clamping plates.
[0012] Preferably, the rope clamping mechanism further includes a spring sheet, a locking hole, a gripping head, and a deformation groove. The spring sheet is integrally disposed on both sides of the clamping sheet, the locking hole is opened through both sides of the spring sheet, and the spring sheet is engaged with the end frame through the locking hole and the locking block. The gripping head is integrally disposed on one side of the clamping sheet, and the deformation groove is embedded in one side of the spring sheet.
[0013] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a connecting block, a threaded cylinder, a connecting hole, and a rubber ring. The connecting hole is opened through the middle of the Seisch disk. The threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole. The connecting block is integrally disposed at one end of the threaded cylinder and is rotatably connected to the end frame. The rubber ring is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder.
[0014] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight hammer and a threaded head. The counterweight hammer is located below the Seidon disc, and the threaded head is integrally located at one end of the counterweight hammer. The counterweight hammer is threadedly connected to the threaded cylinder through the threaded head, and the surface of the counterweight hammer is provided with anti-slip texture.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. This water transparency measuring device, through its set scale band, Sebastian disc, winding roller, drive shaft, winding mechanism, support mechanism, locking mechanism, floating mechanism, rope clamping mechanism, connecting mechanism, and counterweight mechanism, can fix the scale band during measurement by means of the floating mechanism. When the Sebastian disc just reaches the water depth where it is no longer visible, the position of the scale band is locked without excessive changes in posture, and then the scale is read accurately at close range, thus improving the measurement accuracy.
[0017] 2. This water transparency measuring device, through its float, clamp, central hole, connecting frame, frame, and float ball, allows for easy deployment of the float ball during use, exposing the storage opening in the middle of the float for easy observation of the Seidon plate. When storing, the frame and float ball are stored through the storage opening.
[0018] 3. The water transparency measuring device, through the setting of guide block, guide waist hole, second limit wheel, wheel axle, pressure wheel and synchronization block, can realize the unlocking and locking of the scale by the lifting and lowering of the pressure wheel inside the guide waist hole. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the winding mechanism of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the winding mechanism and the scale tape of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the floating mechanism structure of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the floating mechanism of the present invention when folded.
[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism structure of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the counterweight mechanism of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rope clamping mechanism of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the rope clamping mechanism of the present invention.
[0028] In the diagram: 1. Scale strip; 2. Sesquirrel disc; 3. Winding roller; 4. Drive shaft; 501. Support frame; 502. Handle; 503. Support plate; 504. Pressure arm; 505. Pressure roller; 506. First spring; 507. Wheel frame; 508. First limiting wheel; 601. Float; 602. Clamp; 603. Intermediate hole; 701. Guide block; 702. Guide waist hole; 703. Second limiting wheel; 704. Wheel axle; 705. Pressure roller; 70 6. Second spring; 707. Synchronizing block; 708. Guide hole; 801. Connecting frame; 802. Frame; 803. Float; 901. End frame; 902. Locking block; 903. Clamping piece; 904. Gear; 905. Spring piece; 906. Locking hole; 907. Holding head; 908. Deformation groove; 1001. Connecting block; 1002. Threaded cylinder; 1003. Connecting hole; 1004. Rubber ring; 1101. Counterweight; 1102. Threaded head. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] Please see Figure 1-9A water transparency measuring device includes: a scale belt 1 and a Seidon disk 2. One end of the scale belt 1 is fixedly connected to a roller 3, and the scale belt 1 is wound around the surface of the roller 3. A drive shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the roller 3. Winding mechanisms are provided on both sides of the scale belt 1. A support mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the scale belt 1. A locking mechanism is provided on the top of the support mechanism. A floating mechanism is provided on the surface of the support mechanism. A rope clamping mechanism is provided at the end of the scale belt 1 away from the roller 3. A connecting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rope clamping mechanism. A counterweight mechanism is provided below the connecting mechanism. Through the scale belt 1, Seidon disk 2, roller 3, drive shaft 4, winding mechanism, support mechanism, locking mechanism, floating mechanism, rope clamping mechanism, connecting mechanism, and counterweight mechanism, the scale belt 1 can be fixed by the floating mechanism during measurement. When the Seidon disk 2 just reaches the water depth where it is no longer visible, the position of the scale belt 1 can be locked without excessive changes in posture. Then, the scale can be read accurately at close range, improving the measurement accuracy.
[0031] The winding mechanism includes a support frame 501, a crank handle 502, a support plate 503, a pressure arm 504, a pressure roller 505, a first spring 506, a wheel frame 507, and a first limiting wheel 508. The support frame 501 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft 4 via bearings. The crank handle 502 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 4. The support plate 503 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame 501. The pressure arm 504 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support plate 503. The pressure roller 505 is rotatably connected to one end of the pressure arm 504. The first spring... 506 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support plate 503, and the surface of the first spring 506 is slidably connected to the surface of the pressure arm 504. The wheel frame 507 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame 501. The first limiting wheel 508 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the wheel frame 507. There are two first limiting wheels 508, and the scale belt 1 is rolled between the two first limiting wheels 508 so that the scale belt 1 can be squeezed and fixed by the pressure arm 504. The crank handle 502 can be quickly wound up by shaking the crank handle 502.
[0032] The support mechanism includes a float 601, a locking head 602, and a central hole 603. The float 601 is movably disposed below the support frame 501. The locking head 602 is integrally disposed on the surface of the float 601. A storage opening is provided through the outer wall of the float 601. The central hole 603 is provided through the middle of the float 601. The scale band 1 is located inside the central hole 603 to facilitate the support and storage of the locking mechanism and the floating mechanism.
[0033] The locking mechanism includes a guide block 701, guide holes 702, a second limiting wheel 703, a wheel axle 704, a pressure wheel 705, and a synchronizing block 707. The guide block 701 is integrally mounted on the surface of the float 601. The guide holes 702 are formed through the surface of the guide block 701, and there are four guide holes 702, with each pair of guide holes 702 forming a group. Each group of guide holes 702 is arranged in a figure-eight shape. The second limiting wheel 703 is rotatably connected to the guide block 701. The inner wall, the wheel axle 704 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide waist hole 702, and there are two wheel axles 704. The pressure roller 705 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the wheel axle 704. The synchronizing block 707 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide block 701. The guide block 701, the guide waist hole 702, the second limiting wheel 703, the wheel axle 704, the pressure roller 705 and the synchronizing block 707 are set so that the lifting and lowering of the pressure roller 705 inside the guide waist hole 702 can realize the unlocking and locking of the scale belt 1.
[0034] The locking mechanism also includes a second spring 706 and a guide hole 708. The second spring 706 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide block 701, and the surface of the second spring 706 is slidably connected to the surface of the synchronizing block 707. The guide hole 708 is opened through both sides of the synchronizing block 707, and the inner wall of the guide hole 708 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the wheel axle 704, so as to push the wheel axle 704 up and down through the guide hole 708, and also to ensure the lateral movement of the wheel axle 704.
[0035] The floating mechanism includes a connecting frame 801, a frame 802, and a float 803. The connecting frame 801 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the float 601, the frame 802 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 801, and the float 803 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the frame 802. The shape and size of the frame 802 match the shape and size of the storage opening. The float 601, the locking head 602, the middle hole 603, the connecting frame 801, the frame 802, and the float 803 are designed to facilitate the unfolding of the float 803 during use, exposing the storage opening in the middle of the float 601 for easy observation of the Seidon disk 2. When storing, the frame 802 and the float 803 are stored through the storage opening.
[0036] The rope clamping mechanism includes an end frame 901, a locking block 902, a clamping piece 903, and a gear 904. The end frame 901 is positioned above the Seisch disk 2. The locking block 902 is integrally mounted on the inner wall of the end frame 901. The clamping piece 903 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end frame 901 and is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the end frame 901. There are two clamping pieces 903, and the two clamping pieces 903 are connected by a gear 904. Each of the two gears 904 has meshing teeth on one side. One end of the scale belt 1 is located between the two clamping pieces 903, and the end frame 901 is fixedly connected to the scale belt 1 through the two clamping pieces 903, so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the scale belt 1 and the replacement of the scale belt 1.
[0037] The rope clamping mechanism also includes a spring piece 905, a locking hole 906, a gripping head 907, and a deformation groove 908. The spring piece 905 is integrally disposed on both sides of the clamping piece 903. The locking hole 906 is opened through both sides of the spring piece 905, and the spring piece 905 is engaged with the end frame 901 through the locking hole 906 and the locking block 902. The gripping head 907 is integrally disposed on one side of the clamping piece 903. The deformation groove 908 is embedded in one side of the spring piece 905 to facilitate the locking of the two clamping pieces 903 after the scale band 1 is fixed.
[0038] The connecting mechanism includes a connecting block 1001, a threaded cylinder 1002, a connecting hole 1003, and a rubber ring 1004. The connecting hole 1003 is opened through the middle of the Seisch disk 2. The threaded cylinder 1002 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 1003. The connecting block 1001 is integrally set at one end of the threaded cylinder 1002, and the connecting block 1001 is rotatably connected to the end frame 901. The rubber ring 1004 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder 1002 to facilitate the use of the counterweight 1101 to fix the Seisch disk 2.
[0039] The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight 1101 and a threaded head 1102. The counterweight 1101 is located below the Seisch disk 2, and the threaded head 1102 is integrally located at one end of the counterweight 1101. The counterweight 1101 is threadedly connected to the threaded cylinder 1002 through the threaded head 1102. The surface of the counterweight 1101 is provided with anti-slip texture to facilitate the use of the threaded cylinder 1002 to fix the Seisch disk 2.
[0040] Working principle: In use, place the Seidon 2 backlit flat in the water, unfold the frame 802 and float 803, and then place the float 601 on the water surface. Gradually release the scale band 1 with one hand, and squeeze the synchronizing block 707 upward with the other hand. The synchronizing block 707 pushes the wheel axle 704 upward, causing the wheel axle 704 to move along the guide hole 702 to both sides of the scale band 1, allowing the scale band 1 to be released freely. The Seidon 2 gradually sinks until it is just out of sight. Then, release the synchronizing block 707, and the second spring 706 pushes the synchronizing block 707 downward. The synchronizing block 707 pushes the wheel axle 704 downward. 04 Slides down, causing the axle 704 to move along the guide hole 702 toward the scale band 1, eventually forming a compression lock on the scale band 1. At this point, the scale band 1 is removed, and the water depth is read to indicate the transparency. When replacing the scale band 1, the grip head 907 is engaged, and the clip 903 drives another clip 903 to unfold synchronously through the gear 904, causing the scale band 1 to loosen and separate. Then, the end of the new scale band 1 is inserted between the two clips 903, and then the clips 903 are snapped back. The locking block 902 and the locking hole 906 form a lock on the clip 903, and the meshing teeth on both sides engage and fix the scale band 1.
[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A water transparency measuring device, characterized in that, include: A scale band (1) and a Seidon disc (2) are provided. One end of the scale band (1) is fixedly connected to a roller (3). The scale band (1) is wound around the surface of the roller (3). A drive shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the roller (3). A winding mechanism is provided on both sides of the scale band (1). A support mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the scale band (1). A locking mechanism is provided at the top of the support mechanism. A floating mechanism is provided on the surface of the support mechanism. A rope clamping mechanism is provided at the end of the scale band (1) away from the roller (3). A connecting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rope clamping mechanism. A counterweight mechanism is provided below the connecting mechanism. The winding mechanism includes a support frame (501), a crank handle (502), a support plate (503), a pressure arm (504), a pressure roller (505), a first spring (506), a wheel frame (507), and a first limiting wheel (508). The support frame (501) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft (4) via bearings. The crank handle (502) is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft (4). The support plate (503) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame (501). The pressure arm (504) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support plate (503). The pressure roller (505) is rotatably connected to one end of the pressure arm (504), the first spring (506) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support plate (503), and the surface of the first spring (506) is slidably connected to the surface of the pressure arm (504), the wheel frame (507) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame (501), the first limiting wheel (508) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the wheel frame (507), and there are two first limiting wheels (508), and the scale strip (1) is tumbled between the two first limiting wheels (508); The support mechanism includes a float (601), a clip (602), and a central hole (603). The float (601) is movably disposed below the support frame (501). The clip (602) is integrally disposed on the surface of the float (601). A storage opening is provided through the outer wall of the float (601). The central hole (603) is provided through the middle of the float (601). The scale band (1) is located inside the central hole (603). The locking mechanism includes a guide block (701), guide waist holes (702), a second limiting wheel (703), a wheel axle (704), a pressure wheel (705), and a synchronizing block (707). The guide block (701) is integrally mounted on the surface of the float (601). The guide waist holes (702) are formed through the surface of the guide block (701), and there are four guide waist holes (702). Each pair of guide waist holes (702) is aligned with the surface of the float (601). The guide waist holes (702) are arranged in a figure-eight shape. The second limiting wheel (703) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guide block (701). The wheel axle (704) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide waist hole (702). There are two wheel axles (704). The pressure wheel (705) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the wheel axle (704). The synchronizing block (707) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide block (701). The locking mechanism further includes a second spring (706) and a guide hole (708). The second spring (706) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide block (701), and the surface of the second spring (706) is slidably connected to the surface of the synchronizing block (707). The guide hole (708) is opened through both sides of the synchronizing block (707), and the inner wall of the guide hole (708) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the axle (704).
2. The water transparency measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating mechanism includes a connecting frame (801), a frame (802), and a float (803). The connecting frame (801) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the float (601), the frame (802) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting frame (801), and the float (803) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the frame (802). The shape and size of the frame (802) match the shape and size of the storage opening.
3. The water transparency measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rope clamping mechanism includes an end frame (901), a locking block (902), a clamping piece (903), and a gear (904). The end frame (901) is positioned above the Seisler disc (2). The locking block (902) is integrally mounted on the inner wall of the end frame (901). The clamping piece (903) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end frame (901) and is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the end frame (901). There are two clamping pieces (903), and the two clamping pieces (903) are connected by a gear (904). Each of the two gears (904) has meshing teeth on one side. One end of the scale band (1) is located between the two clamping pieces (903), and the end frame (901) is fixedly connected to the scale band (1) through the two clamping pieces (903).
4. The water transparency measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rope clamping mechanism also includes a spring piece (905), a locking hole (906), a gripping head (907), and a deformation groove (908). The spring piece (905) is integrally disposed on both sides of the clamping piece (903). The locking hole (906) is opened through both sides of the spring piece (905), and the spring piece (905) is engaged with the end frame (901) through the locking hole (906) and the locking block (902). The gripping head (907) is integrally disposed on one side of the clamping piece (903), and the deformation groove (908) is embedded in one side of the spring piece (905).
5. The water transparency measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism includes a connecting block (1001), a threaded cylinder (1002), a connecting hole (1003), and a rubber ring (1004). The connecting hole (1003) is opened through the middle of the Seci disc (2). The threaded cylinder (1002) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole (1003). The connecting block (1001) is integrally disposed at one end of the threaded cylinder (1002), and the connecting block (1001) is rotatably connected to the end frame (901). The rubber ring (1004) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder (1002).
6. The water transparency measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight (1101) and a threaded head (1102). The counterweight (1101) is located below the Seidon disc (2). The threaded head (1102) is integrally located at one end of the counterweight (1101). The counterweight (1101) is threadedly connected to the threaded cylinder (1002) through the threaded head (1102). The surface of the counterweight (1101) is provided with anti-slip texture.