Self-powered sensor for detecting three-axis acceleration of a drone

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of sensor technology and provides a self-powered sensor for detecting the three-axis acceleration of a drone. It includes a lower fixed cylinder, a planar acceleration detection structure, and a Z-axis acceleration detection structure for detecting the three-axis acceleration of the drone; an upper fixing nut, a threaded rod, an upper fixing spring, a lower fixing spring, and a lower fixing nut; a fixing plate with four through holes at its four corners for connecting to the threaded rod; the fixing plate is mounted on the upper surface of the lower fixed cylinder via the threaded rod, the upper fixing nut, and the lower fixing nut; and a sliding cover plate with four through holes at its four corners for connecting to the threaded rod and the upper fixing spring. This invention enables acceleration detection of the three axes of a drone, eliminating the need for an external power source, reducing power consumption, lowering cost compared to other detection methods, and achieving the required accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sensor technology, and in particular relates to a self-powered sensor for detecting the three-axis acceleration of a drone. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of drone technology, drones are now used in various industries. However, the biggest problem currently facing drones is their insufficient flight time for industrial applications. Many scholars have conducted research on drone flight endurance, such as by adding fuel cells, but this reduces the drone's payload. During flight, the sensing components of a drone are one of the main energy consumers; therefore, self-powered sensors are an effective way to increase the overall flight time of drones. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TGNs) employ a novel method of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. They utilize the contact between two materials with different electron-gathering and electron-losing capabilities, resulting in surface charge transfer, which can convert the widely available mechanical energy in the natural environment into electrical energy, providing power for small electronic devices such as portable devices. Using TGNs for sealing pressure and leak detection enables self-powered detection.

[0003] Existing triboelectric nanogenerators have a simple structure and cannot simultaneously detect triaxial acceleration. Furthermore, the high manufacturing requirements of existing technologies for triboelectric nanogenerators indirectly increase costs, making them unsuitable for industrial applications. Therefore, we propose a self-powered sensor for detecting triaxial acceleration in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-powered sensor for detecting the three-axis acceleration of a drone, thereby addressing the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A self-powered sensor for detecting three-axis acceleration of a drone includes a lower fixed cylinder and further includes: A planar acceleration detection structure is installed inside the lower fixed cylinder. The planar acceleration detection structure is used to detect the X-axis and Y-axis acceleration of the UAV. A Z-axis acceleration detection structure is installed inside the lower fixed cylinder. The Z-axis acceleration detection structure is used to detect the Z-axis acceleration of the UAV. Upper fixing nut, threaded rod, upper fixing spring, lower fixing spring and lower fixing nut; A fixing plate is provided with four through holes at its four corners for connecting to a threaded rod; the fixing plate is installed on the upper surface of the lower fixing cylinder via the threaded rod, an upper fixing nut, and a lower fixing nut. The slide cover plate has a spherical protrusion at its bottom and four through holes at its four corners for connecting to the threaded rod and the upper fixing spring.

[0006] Furthermore, the Z-axis acceleration detection structure includes: The upper fixing cylinder has a countersunk hole in its center. The upper fixing cylinder is divided into upper and lower parts, with a spherical groove between the upper and lower parts. The upper fixing cylinder and the slide cover plate form an arched surface. The four corners of the upper fixing cylinder are provided with four through holes for connecting to the threaded rod, the slide cover plate and the lower fixing spring. Z-axis copper pole, the Z-axis copper pole includes four rectangular thin plates, and two sets of Z-axis copper poles are fixed to the left and right sides of the inner wall of the lower fixing cylinder respectively by solid glue. The Z-axis copper poles on the right side are arranged from short to long, and the Z-axis copper poles on the left side are arranged from long to short. The Z-axis sliding copper pole is in the shape of a rectangular sheet. The two Z-axis sliding copper poles are respectively attached to the left and right surfaces of the upper fixed cylinder with solid glue. The Z-axis dielectric layer is rectangular in shape. Two Z-axis dielectric layers are attached to the top of the Z-axis copper pole with solid adhesive, and the Z-axis dielectric layer is in contact with the Z-axis sliding copper pole.

[0007] Furthermore, the planar acceleration detection structure includes: A movable elastic ball is disposed within the arched arc surface formed between the slide cover plate and the upper fixed cylinder. The movable elastic ball contacts the planar dielectric layer and moves on the surface of the planar dielectric layer. A planar dielectric layer is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the spherical groove of the upper fixed cylinder, and the planar dielectric layer is in the shape of a spherical groove as a whole; A planar copper electrode is fixedly positioned between the planar dielectric layer and the spherical groove inside the upper fixing cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing plate, the slide cover plate, and the upper fixing cylinder are all rectangular in shape, and the four corners of the fixing plate, the slide cover plate, and the upper fixing cylinder are all provided with rounded chamfers.

[0009] Furthermore, the center of the slide cover is hollow.

[0010] Furthermore, both the planar dielectric layer and the Z-axis dielectric layer are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0011] Furthermore, the middle part of the threaded rod is smooth, and both ends are threaded.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This self-powered sensor for detecting the three-axis acceleration of a drone can detect the acceleration of the drone's three axes without requiring an external power source, thus reducing power consumption. It is also less expensive than other detection methods while still achieving the required accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is an anatomical diagram of the three-dimensional structural parts of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional disassembly diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the copper pole on the right Z-axis in this invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the left Z-axis copper pole in this invention.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Fixed plate, 2-Slide cover plate, 3-Upper fixed cylinder, 4-Moving elastic ball, 5-Z-axis copper pole, 6-Z-axis sliding copper pole, 7-Z-axis dielectric layer, 8-Planar dielectric layer, 9-Planar copper pole, 901-First planar copper pole, 902-Second planar copper pole, 903-Third planar copper pole, 10-Lower fixed cylinder, 11-Upper fixed nut, 12-Threaded rod, 13-Upper fixed spring, 14-Lower fixed spring, 15-Lower fixed nut, 511-Right first copper pole, 512-Right second copper pole, 513-Right third copper pole, 514 Right fourth copper pole, 501-Left first copper pole, 502-Left second copper pole, 503-Left third copper pole, 504 Left fourth copper pole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1-4As shown, a self-powered sensor for detecting the three-axis acceleration of a drone, according to an embodiment of the present invention, includes a lower fixed cylinder 10, and further includes: A planar acceleration detection structure is installed inside the lower fixed cylinder 10. The planar acceleration detection structure is used to detect the X-axis and Y-axis acceleration of the UAV. A Z-axis acceleration detection structure is installed inside the lower fixed cylinder 10. The Z-axis acceleration detection structure is used to detect the Z-axis acceleration of the UAV. Upper fixing nut 11, threaded rod 12, upper fixing spring 13, lower fixing spring 14 and lower fixing nut 15; The fixing plate 1 has four through holes at its four corners for connecting with the threaded rod 12; the fixing plate 1 is installed on the upper surface of the lower fixing cylinder 10 via the threaded rod 12, the upper fixing nut 11 and the lower fixing nut 15. The slide cover plate 2 has a spherical protrusion at its bottom and four through holes at its four corners for connecting to the threaded rod 12 and the upper fixing spring 13.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the three-axis acceleration information during the flight of the UAV can be detected by setting a planar acceleration detection structure and a Z-axis acceleration detection structure.

[0025] like Figure 2-6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Z-axis acceleration detection structure includes: The upper fixing cylinder 3 has a countersunk hole in its center. The upper fixing cylinder 3 is divided into upper and lower parts, with a spherical groove between the upper and lower parts. The upper fixing cylinder 3 and the slide cover plate 2 form an arched surface. The upper fixing cylinder 3 has four through holes at its four corners for connecting to the threaded rod 12, the slide cover plate 2, and the lower fixing spring 14. Z-axis copper pole 5, the Z-axis copper pole 5 includes four rectangular thin plates, and two sets of Z-axis copper poles 5 are fixed to the left and right sides of the inner wall of the lower fixing cylinder 10 respectively by solid glue. The Z-axis copper poles 5 on the right side are arranged from short to long, and the Z-axis copper poles 5 on the left side are arranged from long to short. The Z-axis sliding copper pole 6 is in the shape of a rectangular sheet. The two Z-axis sliding copper poles 6 are respectively attached to the left and right surfaces of the upper fixed cylinder 3 with solid glue. The Z-axis dielectric layer 7 is in the shape of a rectangular sheet. The two Z-axis dielectric layers 7 are respectively attached to the top of the Z-axis copper electrode 5 with solid adhesive. The Z-axis dielectric layer 7 is in contact with the Z-axis sliding copper electrode 6.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper fixing cylinder 3 is a box-shaped body with an opening at the top.

[0027] The Z-axis copper poles 5 on the right side are arranged from shortest to longest, and are arranged as follows: right first copper pole 511, right second copper pole 512, right third copper pole 513 and right fourth copper pole 514. The Z-axis copper poles 5 on the left side are arranged from longest to shortest, and are arranged as follows: left first copper pole 501, left second copper pole 502, left third copper pole 503 and left fourth copper pole 504.

[0028] The upper fixed spring 13 and the lower fixed spring 14 work together to support the upper fixed cylinder 3, the slide cover plate 2 and the moving elastic ball 4, providing elastic force and damping when they move up and down.

[0029] like Figure 2-4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planar acceleration detection structure includes: The movable elastic ball 4 is disposed in the arched arc surface formed between the slide cover plate 2 and the upper fixed cylinder 3. The movable elastic ball 4 is in contact with the planar dielectric layer 8 and moves on the surface of the planar dielectric layer 8. A planar dielectric layer 8 is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the spherical groove of the upper fixing cylinder 3, and the planar dielectric layer 8 is in the shape of a spherical groove. The planar copper electrode 9 is fixedly disposed between the planar dielectric layer 8 and the spherical groove inside the upper fixing cylinder 3.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, preferably, the spherical protrusion at the bottom of the slide cover plate 2 is used to limit the Z-axis movement of the moving elastic ball 4. An arched arc surface is formed between the upper fixed cylinder 3 and the slide cover plate 2, ensuring that the moving elastic ball 4 can move freely in a plane within it. The material of the moving elastic ball 4 can be changed according to the different loads of the UAV; in this embodiment of the invention, nylon material is used.

[0031] The planar dielectric layer 8 has the same shape as the spherical groove inside the upper fixing cylinder 3, so that the planar dielectric layer 8 can be completely glued to the spherical groove inside the upper fixing cylinder 3 with solid glue.

[0032] The overall shape of the planar copper electrode 9 is the same as that of the planar dielectric layer 8. The planar copper electrode 9 can be completely attached to the spherical groove inside the upper fixing cylinder 3 with solid glue. The planar copper electrode 9 includes four parts, each part is used to detect one direction, and each part is provided with three quarter-circular copper electrodes, namely the first planar copper electrode 901, the second planar copper electrode 902 and the third planar copper electrode 903.

[0033] like Figure 1-4As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing plate 1, the slide cover plate 2 and the upper fixing cylinder 3 are all rectangular in shape, and the four corners of the fixing plate 1, the slide cover plate 2 and the upper fixing cylinder 3 are all provided with rounded chamfers.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, preferably, the rounded chamfer can prevent scratches caused by excessive sharpness.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the center of the slide cover plate 2 is hollow.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, preferably, the center of the slide cover plate 2 is hollow, mainly to reduce its overall weight and facilitate the installation of the drone.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planar dielectric layer 8 and the Z-axis dielectric layer 7 are both made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0038] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the threaded rod 12 has a smooth middle section and threads at both ends.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, preferably, the middle part of the threaded rod 12 is smooth and both ends are threaded, in order to ensure that the upper fixed cylinder 3 can move freely along the Z-axis.

[0040] The working principle of this invention is: When the self-powered sensor used to detect the three-axis acceleration of the drone undergoes planar motion, the entire sensor translates. At this time, the internal moving elastic ball 4 moves; assuming the direction of movement is left, the moving elastic ball 4 moves to the left, causing relative motion between the moving elastic ball 4 and the planar copper electrode 9 below the planar dielectric layer 8, resulting in electron transfer and thus generating a voltage. Due to the special structure of the planar copper electrode 9, such as... Figure 7 As shown, copper poles exist in four directions, and when a 45° displacement occurs, the moving elastic ball 4 will also come into contact with the planar copper pole 9. The magnitude and direction of the planar acceleration can be calculated accordingly. At the same time, due to the spherical groove of the upper fixed cylinder 3, the moving elastic ball 4 will remain at the center of the spherical groove when no acceleration occurs.

[0041] When the self-powered sensor used to detect the three-axis acceleration of the UAV moves along the Z-axis, the slide cover 2, the upper fixed cylinder 3, and the internal components all move relative to the lower fixed cylinder 10. At this time, the Z-axis sliding copper electrodes 6 on the left and right sides of the upper fixed cylinder 3 will slide relative to the Z-axis copper electrodes 5, generating a corresponding voltage signal. Simultaneously, due to the presence of the upper fixed spring 13 and the lower fixed spring 14, the Z-axis sliding copper electrodes 6 will remain stationary when the Z-axis acceleration is 0. Furthermore, due to the special arrangement of the left and right sides of the Z-axis copper electrodes 5, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the magnitude and direction of the Z-axis acceleration can be further calculated by comparing the voltage signals on both sides.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A self-powered sensor for detecting the three-axis acceleration of a drone, comprising a lower fixed cylinder, characterized in that... It also includes: A planar acceleration detection structure is installed inside the lower fixed cylinder, and the planar acceleration detection structure is used to detect the X-axis and Y-axis acceleration of the UAV. A Z-axis acceleration detection structure is installed inside the lower fixed cylinder, and the Z-axis acceleration detection structure is used to detect the Z-axis acceleration of the UAV. Upper fixing nut, threaded rod, upper fixing spring, lower fixing spring, and lower fixing nut; A fixing plate is provided with four through holes at its four corners for connecting to a threaded rod; the fixing plate is installed on the upper surface of the lower fixing cylinder via the threaded rod, an upper fixing nut, and a lower fixing nut. The slide cover plate has a spherical protrusion at the bottom and four through holes at the four corners for connecting to the threaded rod and the upper fixing spring. The Z-axis acceleration detection structure includes: The upper fixing cylinder has a countersunk hole in its center and is divided into upper and lower parts. A spherical groove is formed between the upper and lower parts. An arched arc surface is formed between the upper fixing cylinder and the slide cover plate. Four through holes are provided at the four corners of the upper fixing cylinder for connecting to the threaded rod, the slide cover plate, and the lower fixing spring. Z-axis copper poles, the Z-axis copper poles include four rectangular thin plates, and two sets of Z-axis copper poles are fixed to the left and right sides of the inner wall of the lower fixing cylinder respectively by solid glue. The Z-axis copper poles on the right side are arranged from shortest to longest, and the Z-axis copper poles on the left side are arranged from longest to shortest. The Z-axis sliding copper pole is rectangular in shape, and the two Z-axis sliding copper poles are respectively attached to the left and right surfaces of the upper fixed cylinder with solid glue; The Z-axis dielectric layer is rectangular in shape. Two Z-axis dielectric layers are attached to the top of the Z-axis copper pole with solid adhesive. The Z-axis dielectric layer is in contact with the Z-axis sliding copper pole. The planar acceleration detection structure includes: A movable elastic ball is disposed within the arched surface formed between the slide cover plate and the upper fixed cylinder. The movable elastic ball contacts the planar dielectric layer and moves on the surface of the planar dielectric layer. A planar dielectric layer is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the spherical groove of the upper fixed cylinder, and the planar dielectric layer is generally shaped like a spherical groove; A planar copper electrode is fixedly disposed between the planar dielectric layer and the spherical groove inside the upper fixed cylinder.

2. The self-powered sensor for detecting three-axis acceleration of a UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that... The fixing plate, the slide cover plate, and the upper fixing cylinder are all rectangular in shape, and the four corners of the fixing plate, the slide cover plate, and the upper fixing cylinder are all provided with rounded chamfers.

3. The self-powered sensor for detecting three-axis acceleration of a UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that... The center of the slide cover plate is hollow.

4. The self-powered sensor for detecting three-axis acceleration of a UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that... The planar dielectric layer and the Z-axis dielectric layer are both made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

5. The self-powered sensor for detecting three-axis acceleration of a UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that... The threaded rod has a smooth middle section and threads at both ends.

Images