Substation Secondary Equipment Anti-misoperation Verification Method and System

Abstract

This invention relates to a method and system for verifying the prevention of misoperation of secondary equipment in substations. By acquiring the status information of the secondary equipment and comparing it with the initial status of the secondary equipment in the interval to be operated, the system determines whether the interval is correct. If not, the operation is not performed; if so, the operation is performed according to the secondary equipment operation ticket. After the operation is completed, if the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the status in the operation ticket, a forced interlock and warning are issued; if the status is consistent with the status in the operation ticket, the operation is complete. This invention can effectively perform intelligent misoperation prevention and control of the secondary equipment operation process, ensuring the correctness and accuracy of the operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system automation technology, specifically to a method and system for verifying the prevention of misoperation of secondary equipment in substations. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, a modular intelligent substation construction model is adopted for substation construction. This model innovatively utilizes prefabricated modular secondary equipment, which consists of prefabricated modules, secondary equipment cabinets, auxiliary electrical systems, and control facilities. This modular intelligent substation construction model moves the installation, wiring, commissioning, and verification of the prefabricated secondary modules to the manufacturer, transporting them as a complete unit to the construction site. Prefabricated optical (electrical) cables enable "plug-and-play" integration with external equipment. This model changes the traditional on-site installation and commissioning methods, allowing for complete integration of secondary equipment by the manufacturer. The devices are independently distributed and installed on-site, maximizing factory processing, reducing on-site secondary wiring, decreasing design, construction, and commissioning workload, simplifying maintenance, shortening the construction cycle, and lowering the substation's total life-cycle cost.

[0003] Currently, the configuration of secondary equipment in secondary equipment compartments still follows the method of using cabinets as equipment units. Cabinet wiring is completed outside the compartment before the cabinets are transported inside, and cable interconnection between cabinets is achieved through a wiring interlayer beneath the prefabricated compartment's anti-static floor. Because cabinets are the equipment unit, this method easily leads to dispersed equipment layout, unclear functional module division, and reduced equipment layout efficiency. Furthermore, the wiring in the underfloor interlayer requires lifting the floor for each maintenance, which is inconvenient and can easily damage the floor. Therefore, the application of a new rack-mounted prefabricated compartment technology is proposed. The rack-mounted prefabricated compartment optimizes the wiring mode of secondary equipment compartments using cabinets as equipment units, proposing a simpler and more flexible rack-mount structure. Secondary equipment inside the compartment is installed in a rack configuration. The cabinet solution eliminates the side and rear doors of the cabinets. The compartment, frame, and equipment are integrated into a single design and fixed structure. Only a few parts and auxiliary connectors are needed to complete the entire rack assembly. The wiring is completed using the space between the original cabinets, and the folding door design expands the operation and maintenance space. Each two units form a module. The two sides of the module are equipment installation areas, and the middle is the cable tray area. The module adopts left and right opening doors and uses folding doors. The folding doors need to be designed with door locks and limit measures. The limit position of the door does not affect the installation and debugging of the devices inside the cabinet.

[0004] In recent years, with the increased safety awareness of substation operation and management personnel and the continuous development of primary equipment misoperation prevention technologies, safety accidents caused by primary equipment misoperation have become increasingly rare. However, the inspection and operation of secondary equipment still rely on a "system + manual" management model, heavily depending on the experience and judgment of operators, leading to frequent incidents of secondary equipment malfunction, protection failure, and misoperation. While rack-mounted prefabricated secondary equipment designs reduce secondary wiring and improve maintenance efficiency, the inspection and operation of secondary equipment still face the same problems as substation secondary equipment, including high workload, susceptibility to errors, and insufficient testing and management methods.

[0005] Traditional microcomputer-based anti-misoperation systems are designed for primary equipment switching operations, with limited coverage of secondary equipment operations and status verification. They cannot prevent erroneous operations such as accidental activation, deactivation, closing, or tripping of secondary equipment like circuit breakers and switchboards, nor can they prevent the safety hazards of primary equipment operating without protection. With the development of power systems, the construction of smart substations and centralized control stations is accelerating, and the promotion of "unmanned operation" and "integrated operation and maintenance" is underway. This transformation in power production management models has led to increasingly stringent requirements for the operation and safety of secondary equipment. The traditional "system + manual" model not only presents safety hazards but is also inefficient and labor-intensive, failing to meet the demands of intelligent and digital power system development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for verifying the prevention of misoperation of secondary equipment in substations. This method can effectively control the operation of secondary equipment to prevent misoperation, ensure the correctness and accuracy of operation, and achieve full prevention of misoperation of both primary and secondary equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for verifying the prevention of misoperation of secondary equipment in a substation, comprising:

[0008] Obtain the status information of the secondary equipment, compare the status information of the secondary equipment with the initial status of the secondary equipment in the interval to be operated, and determine whether the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated is correct. If not, do not perform the secondary equipment operation; if so, perform the secondary equipment operation according to the secondary equipment operation ticket.

[0009] If the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the status in the secondary equipment operation ticket after the secondary equipment operation is completed, a forced lockout and warning will be triggered; if the status of the secondary equipment is consistent with the status in the secondary equipment operation ticket, the operation procedure is completed.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the secondary equipment status information includes the status of the soft pressure plate, the status of the hard pressure plate, the status of the air switch, and the status of the switching handle. The secondary equipment status information is obtained in the following way:

[0011] For soft pressure plates, the status of the soft pressure plates is uploaded through the communication interface;

[0012] For hard pressure plates, air switches, and switching handles, the status of hard pressure plates, air switches, and switching handles can be identified by capturing images.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the state of the hard pressure plate includes: obtaining a hard pressure plate image including the hard pressure plate, and identifying the hard pressure plate image to determine the state of the hard pressure plate.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, identifying the state of the hard pressure plate by recognizing the image of the hard pressure plate includes:

[0015] A set of M rows and N columns of switch matrix is ​​set on the hard platen; the image of the hard platen is subjected to grayscale conversion and Gaussian smoothing to obtain the first image; the contour lines of the switches in the first image are extracted to obtain multiple contour curves i; the bounding rectangle R of each contour curve i is calculated to minimize the contour curve i. i In the first image, determine the smallest bounding rectangle R. i The corresponding target area;

[0016] Based on the target regions determined in the first image, the Gaussian mixture model foreground detection method is used to calculate the row and column positions corresponding to each target region by comparing the switch matrix distribution. The longest straight line segment in the row and column positions corresponding to each target region is detected by Canny and Hough lines. The on / off state of each switch in the current hard plate is determined by comparing the slope of the longest straight line segment with the threshold.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the secondary equipment operation ticket is compiled based on the secondary error prevention point table and the secondary error prevention rules.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the secondary anti-mistake table includes a secondary device table and a secondary equipment table, wherein the secondary device table includes the basic attributes of each secondary device and the mapping relationship between each secondary device and the corresponding primary equipment, and the secondary equipment table includes the basic attributes of each secondary device and the mapping relationship between each secondary device and the corresponding secondary device.

[0019] The secondary error prevention rules include secondary constraint primary error prevention rules, secondary constraint secondary error prevention rules, and primary constraint secondary error prevention rules. Among them, the secondary constraint primary error prevention rule prohibits primary equipment from operating without protection, the secondary constraint secondary error prevention rule is to prevent improper operation of secondary equipment from causing the risk of malfunction or failure to operate normally, and the primary constraint secondary error prevention rule is to prevent the primary equipment in operation from losing its protection function.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the secondary anti-misoperation rules include expert anti-misoperation rules and user-customized anti-misoperation rules. The expert anti-misoperation rules are customized based on the standard operating procedures of primary and secondary equipment, as well as the protection input and operation principles of secondary equipment. The user-customized anti-misoperation rules are customized according to the actual operating needs of the substation for special circumstances.

[0021] This invention also provides a substation secondary equipment anti-misoperation verification system, comprising:

[0022] The acquisition unit obtains status information of secondary equipment;

[0023] The comparison unit compares the acquired secondary equipment status information with the initial status of the secondary equipment in the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated, and determines whether the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated is correct.

[0024] The anti-misoperation verification unit, if the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated is correct, performs the secondary equipment operation according to the secondary equipment operation ticket. After the secondary equipment operation is completed, if the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, it will forcibly lock and issue an early warning; if the status of the secondary equipment is consistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, the operation steps are completed.

[0025] The present invention also provides a readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that can be executed by a processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it can implement the steps of the method described above.

[0026] The present invention also provides an electronic device having stored computer program instructions that can be executed by a processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it can implement the steps of the method described above.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention obtains the status information of secondary equipment and compares it with the initial status of the secondary equipment in the interval to be operated to determine whether the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated is correct. If not, the secondary equipment operation is not performed; if so, the secondary equipment operation is performed according to the secondary equipment operation ticket. After the secondary equipment operation is completed, if the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, a forced lockout and warning are issued; if the status of the secondary equipment is consistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, the operation step is completed. The present invention performs matching judgment and operation constraint management on the status of secondary equipment, reduces the dependence on the experience of operators, reduces the workload of manual labor, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of secondary equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the secondary equipment anti-misoperation system architecture.

[0029] Figure 2 This is an image of a hardened pressure plate.

[0030] Figure 3 Identification diagrams for various types of protective pressure plates.

[0031] Figure 4 Flowchart for graphical modeling of secondary equipment.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the secondary error prevention algorithm.

[0033] Figure 6 A flowchart for the business process of preventing misoperation of secondary equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0036] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] This invention provides a method for verifying the prevention of misoperation of secondary equipment in a substation, comprising:

[0038] Obtain the status information of the secondary equipment, compare it with the initial status of the secondary equipment in the interval to be operated, and determine whether the interval is correct. If not, do not perform the secondary equipment operation; if yes, perform the secondary equipment operation according to the secondary equipment operation ticket. After the secondary equipment operation is completed, if the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, force locking and warning will be issued; if the status of the secondary equipment is consistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, the operation step is completed.

[0039] The secondary equipment status information includes the status of the soft pressure plate, the hard pressure plate, the air switch, and the switching handle. The secondary equipment status information is obtained as follows: for the soft pressure plate, the status is uploaded through the communication interface; for the hard pressure plate, air switch, and switching handle, the status is identified by capturing images.

[0040] Obtaining the state of the hard pressure plate includes: acquiring an image of the hard pressure plate, and identifying the state of the hard pressure plate from the image. Identifying the state of the hard pressure plate from the image includes: the hard pressure plate has an M-row, N-column switch matrix; performing grayscale conversion and Gaussian smoothing on the hard pressure plate image to obtain a first image; extracting the contour lines of the switches in the first image to obtain multiple contour curves i; and calculating the minimum bounding rectangle R for each contour curve i. i In the first image, determine the smallest bounding rectangle R. i The corresponding target area; based on the target area determined in the first image, the Gaussian mixture model foreground detection method is used to calculate the row and column positions corresponding to each target area by comparing the switch matrix distribution. The longest straight line segment in the row and column positions corresponding to each target area is detected by Canny and Hough lines. The on / off state of each switch in the current hard plate is determined by comparing the slope of the longest straight line segment with the threshold.

[0041] The secondary equipment operation ticket is compiled based on the secondary error prevention point table and secondary error prevention rules. The secondary error prevention point table includes a secondary device table and a secondary equipment table. The secondary device table includes the basic attributes of each secondary device and the mapping relationship between each secondary device and its corresponding primary equipment. The secondary error prevention rules include secondary constraint primary error prevention rules, secondary constraint secondary error prevention rules, and primary constraint secondary error prevention rules. The secondary constraint primary error prevention rule prohibits primary equipment from operating without protection. The secondary constraint secondary error prevention rule aims to prevent improper operation of secondary equipment from causing malfunctions or failures to operate normally. The primary constraint secondary error prevention rule aims to prevent primary equipment from losing its protection function during operation. The secondary error prevention rules include expert error prevention rules and user-customized error prevention rules. Expert error prevention rules are customized based on the standard operating procedures of primary and secondary equipment, as well as the protection input and operation principles of secondary equipment. User-customized error prevention rules are customized according to the actual operating needs of the substation for special circumstances.

[0042] The following are specific implementation examples of the present invention.

[0043] This embodiment uses a relay protection pressure plate as an example to illustrate the solution in detail. The architecture diagram of the secondary equipment anti-misoperation system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the steps of the substation secondary equipment anti-misoperation verification method provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0044] Secondary equipment status information collection:

[0045] The status information of secondary equipment includes the status of the soft pressure plate, the status of the hard pressure plate, the status of the air switch, and the status of the switching handle.

[0046] The relay protection circuit breaker includes a flexible circuit breaker and a rigid circuit breaker. The flexible circuit breaker connects to the monitoring system, which collects its status data. The anti-misoperation system can directly obtain the status of the flexible circuit breaker from the monitoring system via a communication interface. The status of the rigid circuit breaker requires operators to use a mobile terminal or video camera to capture images of the rigid circuit breaker and upload them to a server for intelligent status identification to determine its condition. The status of other secondary equipment, including air switches and switching handles, is also determined using the same method as for the rigid circuit breaker.

[0047] Secondary equipment modeling and operation ticket error prevention verification:

[0048] Secondary equipment modeling: By compiling a secondary error prevention table, a complete station secondary equipment model is constructed. The scope of secondary equipment modeling includes:

[0049] (1) Hard pressure plate: All hard pressure plates on the protection panel, measurement and control panel, protection measurement and control panel, backup automatic transfer panel, and switch cabinet.

[0050] (2) Soft pressure plate: protection function soft pressure plate, reclosing function soft pressure plate, GOOSE transmitting soft pressure plate, GOOSE receiving soft pressure plate, SV soft pressure plate.

[0051] (3) Air switches: including air switches for the power supply and control circuit of the device on the prefabricated cabin protection and control panel.

[0052] (4) Switching handles: including the "remote / local" switching handles of switches / disconnectors on the prefabricated cabin protection and control panel, and the reclosing enable / disable switching handles.

[0053] Operation ticket error prevention and verification: Operation ticket creation supports multiple ticketing modes such as "manual ticketing, graphic ticketing, and typical ticketing". Combining the real-time status of the equipment, the primary and secondary equipment models, and the logic rules of the secondary equipment, it automatically calculates whether the status of the secondary equipment matches the status of the primary equipment and judges whether the operation ticket sequence is correct.

[0054] Preventing misoperation of secondary equipment:

[0055] The mobile terminal obtains the verified operation ticket from the anti-misoperation system via wired or wireless means. The operator carries the mobile terminal to the site to perform secondary equipment operation. Taking the operation of the hard pressure plate as an example:

[0056] 1) Before operation, take a photo of the hard plate in the secondary equipment compartment and upload the photo to the error prevention system. The error prevention system compares the initial state of the hard plate in the secondary equipment compartment to be operated with the state of the hard plate in the photographed secondary equipment compartment. If they match, it is considered that the operator has entered the correct secondary equipment compartment to be operated and the correct information of the secondary equipment compartment to be operated is sent to the mobile terminal, thereby avoiding going to the wrong compartment.

[0057] 2) After all hard plate operations are completed according to the operation ticket, the image recognition of all hard plates is completed. When it is found that the hard plate is inconsistent with the target state requirements of the hard plate in the operation ticket, the system will force locking and issue an early warning.

[0058] This embodiment mainly considers the intelligent identification and acquisition of the status of secondary equipment without changing the wiring or interrupting power. The example uses the hard pressure plate, which has the largest number of secondary equipment and is the most important, for illustration:

[0059] Uploading images of the hard platen to the server for intelligent status recognition to determine its condition is based on image recognition technology.

[0060] The status recognition of the hard plate based on image recognition technology is as follows: The hard plate is a set of M rows and N columns of switch matrix. After the on-site maintenance personnel manually perform the hard plate activation and deactivation operation, the row and column positions of the hard plate operated in the matrix and its current activation / deactivation status are automatically identified through the analysis of video images.

[0061] The only configuration parameter required for identifying the hard plate deployment and withdrawal status proposed in this invention is a rectangular hard plate matrix area. This is intended to eliminate interference from the background area outside the matrix and improve analysis efficiency. Figure 2 Figure d shows the matrix diagram of the hardened pressure plate within the target area. The row and column distribution of the matrix is ​​automatically obtained by scanning and recognition. First, the image undergoes grayscale conversion and Gaussian smoothing, followed by contour extraction. All depicted contours are shown below. Figure 2 As shown in Figure a, it can be seen that the contours of each rigid plate exhibit obvious clustering; however, almost every contour curve is non-closed and overlaps with each other, with many contour curves originating from non-rigid plate objects. For each contour curve i, calculate its minimum bounding rectangle R. i Select the appropriate rectangle and fill it:

[0062]

[0063] Where I Ri For rectangle R i The corresponding image region, W i and H i For R i Width and height, W min W max H min H max These are the upper and lower thresholds for the corresponding width and height. The above formula merges overlapping contours by excluding outlines with excessively long or short bounding rectangles and filling the remaining bounding rectangles, such as... Figure 2As shown in b, the dividing lines above the first row and below the second row on the hard-plate panel, as well as most of the outlines in the upper left corner of the image caused by the video time stamp, have been excluded. Then, the bounding rectangles of each merged foreground block are calculated, and the middle half rectangle is selected by sorting by width and height. The result is as follows. Figure 2 As shown in Figure c, it can be seen that most of the hard platen positions can be correctly located, although some are missing but not incorrectly identified. A parallel scan is performed from top to bottom by connecting the highest and lowest points of the first row of rectangles. Figure 2 c. Use the gaps between rows of hard pressure plates as the row dividing lines of the matrix. Similarly, by connecting the leftmost and rightmost points of the left edge of the first column rectangle in each row, and scanning parallel from left to right, the dividing lines of the matrix columns must satisfy the condition that the number of hard pressure plates appearing in each column is between [0.5, 1+0.5] widths. Finally, if there is a gap between adjacent columns in a row that is greater than... Figure 2 If the average width of the rigid plate rectangle in c is the average width and height, then insert a rigid plate rectangle with the average width and height dimensions and divide the gaps on both sides equally. Figure 2 d plots the dividing lines for the row and column scans of the hard plate matrix.

[0064] Once the M x N hard plate matrix scan is complete, the positions of the hard plates that have been manipulated and changed, as well as their post-operation states, can be monitored and analyzed in real time. First, a Gaussian mixture model foreground detection method is used to find image blocks that have changed after the operation. If the detected foreground spans multiple rows / columns, it indicates that the operator is still in the scene, and the analysis of the current frame should be skipped, and the update of the Gaussian background should be paused. After the operator leaves, the changed hard plate foreground can be compared with the hard plate matrix distribution to calculate its corresponding row and column positions. The current state of the hard plate is determined by the tilt of its levers. The longest straight line segment in a specified row and column is detected using Canny and Hough line detection, and the current deployment / retraction state is determined by comparing the slope of this line with a threshold. Figure 2 As shown in d, the different border lines of the row and column cells indicate the current on / off status of the hard platen.

[0065] Figure 3The results of the engagement / disengagement status analysis on several different types of hard platens are shown. Although the image is partially distorted due to the camera's viewing angle, the row and column dividing lines of the hard platen rectangular scan can still accurately separate individual hard platen switches, and the inclination of the longest straight line segment overlapping the switch within the cell where the operated hard platen switch is located can characterize the corresponding engagement / disengagement status. Similarly, by analyzing and calculating the average results for each type of hard platen over a 10-minute period, with the operator operating the hard platen matrix 5 times in each video segment, randomly selecting 2 to 6 hard platen switches each time to change their engagement / disengagement status, the experimental results show that the accuracy rate of correctly identifying the row and column positions and status of the operated hard platens is 93%. The main time consumption for hard platen status recognition based on image recognition technology is the hard platen matrix scanning, but it is only scanned once when the analysis function is started or when the viewing angle changes. The real-time position and status analysis efficiency is 30 milliseconds per frame. The efficiency advantage of the existing algorithm lies in the fact that the video resolution is 640x480, while this paper uses a 1080p high-definition video source, and the hard platen matrix generally occupies more than 2 / 3 of the screen.

[0066] The specific process of modeling secondary equipment in this invention is described below:

[0067] This invention describes all secondary equipment information in the station through a secondary error prevention point table, summarizing the model and configuration information data required for error prevention of secondary equipment. The compiled secondary error prevention point table is imported into the error prevention system, which automatically generates graphics and data information for all secondary equipment in the station according to intelligent mapping rules.

[0068] Secondary equipment modeling mainly involves defining secondary equipment objects in the anti-misoperation system using mathematical models, describing the basic attributes of secondary equipment objects, forming mapping relationships between secondary equipment objects and with primary equipment objects, and establishing relevant graphical and data models of secondary equipment in the anti-misoperation system, which serve as a key data source for the subsequent implementation of secondary equipment anti-misoperation functions.

[0069] Based on the primary and secondary equipment information in the primary wiring diagram and secondary point table, the operating equipment information is obtained, and the relationship between primary and secondary equipment and the real-time status of related equipment are obtained through topology. The functional type definition of secondary devices and equipment serves as a data configuration service for secondary devices and equipment. This invention defines the data structure of secondary devices and equipment to configure important attributes such as secondary device type, corresponding primary equipment, and corresponding secondary devices, establishing the correspondence between each secondary device and primary equipment, as well as between each secondary device and secondary equipment. Tables 1 and 2 are examples of secondary devices and equipment, respectively.

[0070] Table 1 Examples of Secondary Devices

[0071]

[0072] Table 2 Examples of Secondary Equipment

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] After analyzing and configuring the data attributes of all secondary devices and equipment in a substation, a comprehensive secondary device error prevention table is finally compiled. The secondary device error prevention table includes a secondary device table and a secondary equipment table. The secondary device table includes the basic attributes of each secondary device and the mapping relationship between each secondary device and the corresponding primary equipment. The secondary equipment table includes the basic attributes of each secondary device and the mapping relationship between each secondary device and the corresponding secondary device. This forms a network of secondary device relationships in the entire substation, which forms the basis for the subsequent implementation of secondary device error prevention functions.

[0076] To address the different functions of various secondary devices within a substation, the anti-misoperation system defines the specific function types of each device. Based on the different function types of the secondary devices, the software automatically matches relevant secondary anti-misoperation rules for calculation. Examples of secondary device type representations in this invention are shown in Table 3.

[0077] Table 3 Examples of Secondary Device Types

[0078]

[0079] This invention analyzes the functions of various typical secondary devices in substations—hard switchboards, soft switchboards, air switches, operating handles, and abnormal signals—in practical applications, defines specific secondary device function types, and automatically matches relevant secondary device error prevention rules for calculation based on different secondary device types. Examples of secondary device type representations in this invention are shown in Table 4.

[0080] Table 4 Examples of Secondary Equipment Types

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] This invention, based on a secondary anti-misclick table, employs secondary equipment such as mobile terminal photography of a hard-press plate to achieve automatic modeling through image recognition. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the graphic modeling process for secondary equipment is as follows:

[0084] 1) Operators use mobile terminals to collect images of secondary equipment such as hard pressure plates, handles, and circuit breakers, and generate structured files;

[0085] 2) Upload the secondary book model of the hard pressure plate, handle, circuit breaker, etc. to the anti-misoperation cloud / system server via wireless network;

[0086] 3) The anti-misoperation cloud / system server automatically imports the secondary device model according to the agreed model structure;

[0087] 4) Supplement the soft pressure plate and interlocking signal model information to generate primary and secondary full-prevention models;

[0088] 5) The primary and secondary full-fledged error prevention models are distributed to the substation error prevention host for further classification, processing and application.

[0089] Secondary equipment investment and operation principles formulation

[0090] Secondary equipment error prevention primarily addresses two key issues: the transition of primary equipment from unprotected operation to operational status, and the impact of secondary equipment operations on operating equipment. Solving these problems requires clarifying the principles for protection function activation, analyzing which secondary equipment operations affect the conditions for protection function activation, and deriving the key components of protection function activation through analysis of the functional activation status of various relay protection devices in engineering applications. The following example illustrates this using 220kV line protection; see Table 5-8:

[0091] Table 5 Examples of Line Protection Activation Conditions

[0092] Secondary equipment state Secondary equipment state Trip output soft pressure plate 1 Protection device power circuit breaker 1 Start-up failure of the outlet soft pressure plate 1 Protective bus voltage circuit breaker 1 Main protection function soft pressure plate 1 Device lockout signal 0 Distance protection function soft pressure plate 1 Zero-sequence protection function soft pressure board 1 Hardened pressure plate under maintenance 0

[0093] Table 6 Examples of Conditions for Deploying Smart Terminals

[0094] Secondary equipment state Secondary equipment state Trip output hard pressure plate 1 Control circuit power switch 1 Hardened pressure plate under maintenance 0 Control circuit disconnection signal 0 Device lockout signal 0

[0095] Table 7 Examples of Input Conditions for Merging Units

[0096] Secondary equipment state Secondary equipment state Hardened pressure plate under maintenance 0 Device lockout signal 0

[0097] Table 8 Examples of Busbar Differential Protection Activation Conditions

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] For voltage levels above 220kV, dual sets of relay protection devices are configured. Meeting the activation conditions of either set of relay protection devices is a key condition for allowing primary equipment to be operated and put into operation. Therefore, the specific principles for activating line protection functions during line energization operations can be derived, as shown in Table 9.

[0101] Table 9 Examples of Secondary Status Activation Conditions for Primary Equipment Operation

[0102]

[0103] The principle of secondary equipment operation is that when the primary equipment is in operation, that is, when both the line isolating switch and the circuit breaker are in the closed position, if the operation of the secondary equipment causes the protection activation conditions to not meet the logic conditions one and logic conditions two in the table "Example of Secondary Status Activation Conditions for Primary Equipment Operation", it is considered an erroneous operation, and the principle of secondary equipment operation prohibits such operations.

[0104] The specific explanation of the establishment of secondary error prevention rules in this invention is as follows:

[0105] (1) Classification of Anti-misoperation rules for secondary equipment

[0106] Secondary error prevention rules are divided into three categories, including general rules such as secondary constraint primary error prevention, secondary constraint secondary error prevention, and primary constraint secondary error prevention. Among them, the secondary constraint primary error prevention rule prohibits primary equipment from operating without protection, the secondary constraint secondary error prevention rule prevents improper operation of secondary equipment from causing the risk of malfunction or failure to operate normally, and the primary constraint secondary error prevention rule prevents the primary equipment in operation from losing its protection function. Based on the relay protection management regulations and dispatching procedures, these rules are summarized and refined and embedded in the error prevention system in the form of dynamic library files.

[0107] (2) Establishment of Anti-misoperation rules for secondary equipment

[0108] By analyzing the inherent operational constraint mechanisms between primary and secondary equipment, and between secondary equipment, the system can be divided into an expert database (typical database) and a user-customized database based on actual operational needs. The expert database customizes rules based on the standard operating procedures for primary and secondary equipment and the protection input and operation principles mentioned above. The user-customized database customizes rules for special cases based on the actual operational needs of the substation. The expert knowledge base of the anti-misoperation system has predefined secondary anti-misoperation rules. When the status of primary or secondary equipment changes, the anti-misoperation rule calculation is triggered to check whether the change in the operating status of primary and secondary equipment meets the constraints of the anti-misoperation rules. If the operating status of the equipment does not meet the constraints, the secondary anti-misoperation algorithm calculation result prohibits operation and provides corresponding prompts.

[0109] (3) Storage of anti-misoperation rules for secondary equipment

[0110] 1) Secondary error prevention rules—characteristics of production systems

[0111] In the error prevention system, secondary error prevention rules are described in the form of production rules. Production rule systems are knowledge base systems based on production rule representation of knowledge, and are currently the most widely used type of knowledge base system. They have the following characteristics:

[0112] • The process of solving problems using production system structures is similar to the process of solving problems by humans, and can simulate the human thought process in solving problems.

[0113] • Production rules can be regarded as a basic knowledge in the system, with a simple structure, thus production rule systems can be regarded as a basic pattern.

[0114] 2) Secondary error prevention rules—components of the production knowledge base

[0115] • Rule base: This is a collection of production rules, with each rule taking the form IF(condition)THEN(conclusion). The condition represents the prerequisite for activating the production rule, and the conclusion represents the action to be taken when the condition is met. The meaning of the rule is: if (IF) the condition is met, then (THEN) the system will perform an action or draw a conclusion.

[0116] • Dynamic database: Used to store known conditions for solving the problem and intermediate results of the reasoning process. The known conditions in the database can be permanent, while the intermediate results are only related to the current problem being solved.

[0117] 3) Expression of secondary error prevention rules

[0118] Referring to the aforementioned requirements for secondary error prevention functions, the rules for secondary error prevention can be expressed as "under certain circumstances, certain secondary devices must be activated or deactivated" or "under certain circumstances, certain secondary equipment must be activated or deactivated." For example, line energization operations require closing the line isolating switch, requiring a complete line protection system to be in operation, and simultaneously requiring the bus differential protection to be activated. Based on this requirement, the system rules are as follows:

[0119] Rule 1:

[0120] IF (closed switch) AND (disconnector) Main switch (line switch)

[0121] THEN line is now in hot standby mode.

[0122] Rule 2:

[0123] IF line switch to hot standby AND line has a single set of protection AND ~ line protection is in operation

[0124] THEN Prohibited: Operating equipment without protection.

[0125] Rule 3:

[0126] IF line is switched to hot standby AND line has dual protection AND one protection system is in operation

[0127] THEN Prohibited: Operating equipment without protection.

[0128] Rule 4:

[0129] IF Functional Pressure Plate Input AND Output Pressure Plate Input

[0130] THEN protection in investment

[0131] (4) Algorithm for verifying the error prevention logic of secondary equipment

[0132] The secondary error prevention function algorithm engine is the core algorithm object for verifying secondary error prevention rules. It receives primary and secondary device operation requests sent from the error prevention system interface, searches and calculates relevant rules in the secondary error prevention rule library based on system topology and device operating status information, and feeds back the result to the human-machine system if the operation violates a certain error prevention rule.

[0133] The core of the secondary equipment error prevention algorithm engine is a knowledge reasoning machine. Based on the current operation, it iterates through the secondary error prevention rule base to calculate rules until no new results are generated. Finally, it aggregates all results violating the error prevention rules and outputs them to the human-machine system. If no results violate the error prevention rules, it returns permission to the human-machine system. The flowchart of the secondary error prevention algorithm is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0134] For example, for the closing of a disconnect switch, rule 1 is calculated first. If the conditions of rule 1 are met, it is confirmed as a line switching to hot standby operation, and the output of rule 1 will be temporarily stored in the dynamic database. Then rule 2 is calculated. If the conditions of rule 2 are met, the result of rule 2 is output to the dynamic database. This process continues until no new results are generated. Finally, it is confirmed whether the operation of the primary and secondary equipment meets the requirements of the secondary error prevention rules.

[0135] The secondary error prevention application process of the method of the present invention (see...) Figure 6 )

[0136] 1) Compile and simulate operation tickets for primary and secondary equipment on the substation anti-misoperation host, and upload them to the cloud anti-misoperation / system server.

[0137] 2) The operator obtains the operation ticket with a mobile terminal, and the secondary equipment at the switching operation site is prepared to operate the secondary equipment.

[0138] 3) Take a photo before operation and perform intelligent status recognition. Use the initial state to ensure consistency and avoid going to the wrong interval. According to the operation steps, after the hard plate operation is completed, the image recognition of the hard plate status will be performed. If the plate status is found to be inconsistent with the target of the operation ticket, this step will not pass, thereby realizing forced locking and early warning. For hard plates outside the operation range, if it is found to be inconsistent with the initial state of the operation ticket, an alarm will be triggered to avoid accidental operation of other hard plates.

[0139] 4) Collect the status of the hard plate and upload it to the cloud anti-misoperation and substation anti-misoperation host.

[0140] 5) Operate the soft pressure plate according to the operation ticket procedure.

[0141] 6) The status change data of the soft pressure plate is transmitted to the anti-misoperation host through the interface.

[0142] 7) The anti-misoperation host sends the soft pressure plate displacement signal to the mobile terminal.

[0143] 8) The mobile terminal determines whether the corresponding soft pressure plate displacement is consistent with the target state. If they are inconsistent, this step is not allowed to pass, thereby preventing the soft pressure plate from being misoperated.

[0144] This invention also provides a substation secondary equipment anti-misoperation verification system, comprising:

[0145] The data acquisition unit collects status information from secondary equipment to obtain a secondary equipment status database.

[0146] The modeling unit constructs a secondary anti-misoperation table to describe relevant information of secondary equipment, and establishes graphical and data models of secondary equipment based on the status information of secondary equipment;

[0147] The anti-misoperation verification unit generates operation tickets for primary and secondary equipment. Operators obtain the operation tickets via mobile terminals and prepare to operate the secondary equipment. Before operation, operators take photos using their mobile terminals to confirm the correct entry interval of the secondary equipment based on its initial state. According to the operation steps on the operation ticket, operators perform the operation on the secondary equipment. If the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the target of the operation ticket after the operation is completed, a forced lockout and warning are triggered. If the status of the secondary equipment is consistent with the target of the operation ticket, the operation steps are considered complete.

[0148] The present invention also provides a readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that can be executed by a processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it can implement the steps of the method described above.

[0149] The present invention also provides an electronic device having stored computer program instructions that can be executed by a processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it can implement the steps of the method described above.

[0150] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0151] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0152] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0153] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0154] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for checking misoperation of secondary equipment of a substation, characterized in that, include: Obtain the status information of the secondary equipment, compare the status information of the secondary equipment with the initial status of the secondary equipment in the interval to be operated, and determine whether the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated is correct. If not, do not perform the secondary equipment operation; if so, perform the secondary equipment operation according to the secondary equipment operation ticket. After the secondary equipment operation is completed, if the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, a forced interlock and warning will be triggered. If the status of the secondary equipment matches the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, then the operation is complete. The status information of secondary equipment includes the status of the soft pressure plate, the status of the hard pressure plate, the status of the air switch, and the status of the switching handle; Obtaining the status of the hard plate includes: obtaining an image of the hard plate including the hard plate, and identifying the hard plate image to determine the status of the hard plate; Identify and determine the state of the hard pressure plate from images, including: A set of M rows and N columns of switch matrix is ​​set on the hard plate; the image of the hard plate is subjected to grayscale conversion and Gaussian smoothing to obtain the first image; the contour lines of the switches in the first image are extracted to obtain multiple contour curves. Calculate each contour curve Minimum bounding rectangle In the first image, determine the smallest bounding rectangle. The corresponding target area; Based on the target region determined in the first image, the Gaussian mixture model foreground detection method is used to calculate the row and column positions corresponding to each target region by comparing the switch matrix distribution. The longest straight line segment in the row and column positions corresponding to each target region is detected by Canny and Hough lines. The on / off state of each switch in the current hard plate is determined by comparing the slope of the longest straight line segment with the threshold. The secondary equipment operation ticket is compiled based on the secondary error prevention table and secondary error prevention rules; The secondary error prevention table includes a secondary device table and a secondary equipment table. The secondary device table includes the basic attributes of each secondary device and the mapping relationship between the secondary device and the corresponding primary equipment. The secondary equipment table includes the basic attributes of each secondary device and the mapping relationship between each secondary device and the corresponding secondary device. Secondary error prevention rules include secondary constraint primary error prevention rules, secondary constraint secondary error prevention rules, and primary constraint secondary error prevention rules. Among them, the secondary constraint primary error prevention rule prohibits primary equipment from operating without protection, the secondary constraint secondary error prevention rule is to prevent improper operation of secondary equipment from causing the risk of malfunction or failure to operate normally, and the primary constraint secondary error prevention rule is to prevent primary equipment in operation from losing its protection function. Secondary error prevention rules include expert error prevention rules and user-customized error prevention rules. Expert error prevention rules are customized based on the standard operating procedures of primary and secondary equipment, as well as the protection input and operation principles of secondary equipment. User-customized error prevention rules are customized according to the actual operating needs of the substation for special circumstances.

2. A misoperation prevention checking system for substation secondary equipment, using the method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit obtains status information of secondary equipment; The comparison unit compares the acquired secondary equipment status information with the initial status of the secondary equipment in the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated, and determines whether the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated is correct. The anti-misoperation verification unit, if the interval of the secondary equipment to be operated is correct, performs the operation of the secondary equipment according to the secondary equipment operation ticket. After the operation of the secondary equipment is completed, if the status of the secondary equipment is inconsistent with the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, it will force lockout and issue an early warning. If the status of the secondary equipment matches the status of the secondary equipment in the secondary equipment operation ticket, then the operation is complete.

3. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores computer program instructions that can be executed by a processor, and when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it can implement the steps of the method as described in claim 1.

4. An electronic device, characterized in that, It stores computer program instructions that can be executed by a processor, and when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it can implement the steps of the method as described in claim 1.

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