Heat pump system and construction machine

Abstract

The application discloses a heat pump system and engineering machinery. The heat pump system comprises a cab air conditioner control system, a battery circuit, a hydraulic circuit, a battery cooler, a first heat exchanger and a four-way reversing valve. Therefore, the heating / cooling of the cab, the heating / cooling of the battery and the heat dissipation of the hydraulic circuit can be integrated by the heat pump system, the energy distribution of the whole machine is optimized, the efficiency and performance of the system are improved, energy waste is reduced, the energy consumption of the whole machine is reduced, the arrangement space is optimized, and the cost is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the cab, the battery and the hydraulic system do not need to be separately configured with a cooling / heating system, the energy flow among the systems is ingeniously solved, the energy consumption of the whole machine is reduced, the occupied space is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to thermal management technology for pure electric large-scale engineering machinery, and more particularly to a heat pump system and engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, pure electric large-scale construction machinery includes a cab air conditioning system, a battery cooling / heating system, and a hydraulic system. In traditional vehicle architectures, the cooling / heating functions of these systems are independent, resulting in significant energy waste and impacting the overall range. Furthermore, since the cab, battery, and hydraulic system each require separate cooling / heating systems, they occupy a large amount of space and are very costly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a heat pump system and engineering machinery to achieve reasonable energy distribution of the whole machine, solve the energy flow problem between various systems, reduce the energy consumption of the whole machine, improve system performance and efficiency, optimize layout space, and reduce costs.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a heat pump system is provided, the heat pump system comprising: a cab air conditioning control system, a battery circuit, a hydraulic circuit, a battery cooler, a first heat exchanger, and a four-way reversing valve;

[0005] The battery cooler is connected to the cab air conditioning control system at both its first and second ends. The first heat exchanger is also connected to the cab air conditioning control system at both its first and second ends. The battery cooler and the first heat exchanger are both connected to the battery circuit at their third ends. The battery cooler is connected to the four-way reversing valve at its fourth end. The first heat exchanger is connected to the four-way reversing valve at its fourth end. The four-way reversing valve is connected to the hydraulic circuit at its third and fourth ends.

[0006] The heating of the cab is controlled by controlling the battery cooler and the cab air conditioning control system.

[0007] The de-icing of the cab and the heating and / or cooling of the cab and the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the cab air conditioning control system and the battery circuit;

[0008] The waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit and the heating of the battery and / or the cab are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the battery circuit and the hydraulic circuit.

[0009] According to another aspect of the invention, an engineering machine is provided, which includes a heat pump system as described in the first aspect.

[0010] The technical solution of this invention provides a heat pump system comprising: a cab air conditioning control system, a battery circuit, a hydraulic circuit, a battery cooler, a first heat exchanger, and a four-way reversing valve. The first and second ends of the battery cooler are connected to the cab air conditioning control system, as are the first and second ends of the first heat exchanger. The third ends of both the battery cooler and the first heat exchanger are connected to the battery circuit. The fourth end of the battery cooler is connected to the first end of the four-way reversing valve, and the fourth end of the first heat exchanger is connected to the second end of the four-way reversing valve. The third and fourth ends of the four-way reversing valve are connected to the hydraulic circuit. The heating of the cab is controlled by controlling the battery cooler and the cab air conditioning control system. De-icing of the cab, as well as heating and / or cooling of the cab and battery, are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the battery circuit, and the hydraulic circuit. Waste heat recovery from the hydraulic circuit, as well as heating of the battery and / or the cab, are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the battery circuit, and the hydraulic circuit. Therefore, this heat pump system integrates the heating / cooling of the cab, the battery, and the hydraulic circuit, optimizing the overall energy distribution, improving system efficiency and performance, reducing energy waste, lowering overall energy consumption, optimizing space utilization, and reducing costs. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies, the cab, battery, and hydraulic system no longer require separate cooling / heating systems, cleverly resolving energy flow between systems, reducing overall energy consumption, minimizing space requirements, and lowering costs.

[0011] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a heat pump system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of another heat pump system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of the driver's cab for achieving the cooling function, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of a heating method for the driver's cab provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the second method for achieving heating in the driver's cab provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the first method for achieving heating and dehumidification in the driver's cab provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the second method for achieving heating and dehumidification in the driver's cab provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of the third heating method for the driver's cab provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0021] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of the de-icing method one provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of cab cooling and battery cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of cab cooling and battery heating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of cab heating and battery cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of cab heating and battery heating provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0026] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of cab heating, dehumidification, and battery cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of cab heating, dehumidification, and battery heating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the hydraulic system for waste heat recovery and battery heating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of the hydraulic system for waste heat recovery and cab heating provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a heat pump system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 1 The heat pump system includes: a cab air conditioning control system 10, a battery circuit 20, a hydraulic circuit 30, a battery cooler 40, a first heat exchanger 50, and a four-way reversing valve C4WV; wherein, the first and second ends of the battery cooler 40 are both connected to the cab air conditioning control system 10, the first and second ends of the first heat exchanger 50 are both connected to the cab air conditioning control system 10, the third ends of the battery cooler 40 and the first heat exchanger 50 are both connected to the battery circuit 20, the fourth end of the battery cooler 40 is connected to the first end of the four-way reversing valve C4WV, and the fourth end of the first heat exchanger 50 is connected to the four-way reversing valve C4WV. The second end of the WV is connected, and the third and fourth ends of the four-way reversing valve C4WV are both connected to the hydraulic circuit 30; wherein, the heating of the cab is controlled by controlling the battery cooler 40 and the cab air conditioning control system 10; the de-icing of the cab, as well as the heating and / or cooling of the cab and the battery, are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger 50, the battery cooler 40, the cab air conditioning control system 10 and the battery circuit 20; the waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit 30, as well as the heating of the battery and / or the cab, are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger 50, the battery cooler 40, the four-way reversing valve C4WV, the battery circuit 20 and the hydraulic circuit 30.

[0033] In low-temperature environments, the cab air conditioning control system 10 and the battery cooler (which recovers battery heat when operating conditions permit) are used as evaporators to improve the heating effect of the cab and provide heating for the cab. It should be noted that the cab air conditioning control system alone can also achieve the cab heating function.

[0034] During de-icing of the cab, heating can be provided through the cab air conditioning control system to avoid affecting the cab's heating needs. When the battery temperature meets the requirements, de-icing can be performed through the cab air conditioning control system and the battery cooler. It should be noted that the cab heating function can also be achieved by using the cab air conditioning control system alone.

[0035] The heating of the cab includes both heating and dehumidification. Therefore, the heating and / or cooling of the cab and battery includes the following operating conditions: cab cooling and battery cooling, cab cooling and battery heating, cab heating and battery cooling, cab heating and battery heating, cab heating and dehumidification and battery cooling, and cab heating and dehumidification and battery heating.

[0036] Hydraulic circuits typically generate a large amount of heat. This heat pump system can recover and utilize this heat as a source of heat for battery heating and / or cab heating. This allows for the full integration of heat from various parts of the machine and its rational distribution among different systems, achieving rational and maximized energy utilization, avoiding energy waste, and improving the overall range of the machine.

[0037] Therefore, by rationally arranging the various structures of the heat pump system, it is possible to achieve heating and de-icing of the cab, heating and / or cooling of the battery and cab, and waste heat recovery and utilization of the hydraulic circuit. This can achieve rational energy allocation, maximize the rational utilization of the whole machine's energy, reduce the space occupied by components, and lower costs.

[0038] The technical solution of this embodiment provides a heat pump system, which includes: a cab air conditioning control system, a battery circuit, a hydraulic circuit, a battery cooler, a first heat exchanger, and a four-way reversing valve. The first and second ends of the battery cooler are both connected to the cab air conditioning control system, the first and second ends of the first heat exchanger are both connected to the cab air conditioning control system, the third end of the battery cooler and the third end of the first heat exchanger are both connected to the battery circuit, the fourth end of the battery cooler is connected to the first end of the four-way reversing valve, the fourth end of the first heat exchanger is connected to the second end of the four-way reversing valve, and the third and fourth ends of the four-way reversing valve are both connected to the hydraulic circuit. The system controls the heating of the cab by controlling the battery cooler and the cab air conditioning control system; controls the de-icing of the cab and the heating and / or cooling of the cab and battery by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the battery circuit, and the hydraulic circuit; and controls the waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit and the heating of the battery and / or the cab by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the battery circuit, and the hydraulic circuit. Therefore, this heat pump system integrates the heating / cooling of the cab, the battery, and the hydraulic circuit, optimizing the overall energy distribution, improving system efficiency and performance, reducing energy waste, lowering overall energy consumption, optimizing space utilization, and reducing costs. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies, the cab, battery, and hydraulic system no longer require separate cooling / heating systems, cleverly resolving energy flow between systems, reducing overall energy consumption, minimizing space requirements, and lowering costs.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of another heat pump system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, based on the above embodiments, refer to... Figure 2The cab air conditioning control system 10 includes: a first condenser 101, a second condenser 102, an evaporator 103, a compressor 104, a water heater 105, a heater core 106, a one-way valve 107, a first water pump 1, a first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, a first shut-off valve SOV1, a second shut-off valve SOV2, a third shut-off valve SOV3, a fourth shut-off valve SOV4, a first electronic expansion valve EXV1, a second electronic expansion valve EXV2, a thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with an electromagnetic shut-off valve, a gas-liquid separator 108, and a first water tank 109. The first end of the first three-way proportional water valve CDV1 is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger 50, the second end of the first three-way proportional water valve CDV1 is connected to the heater core 106, and the third end of the first three-way proportional water valve CDV1 is connected to the first end of the first condenser 101. The heater core 106 is connected to the first water tank 109 and the first water pump 1, respectively. The first water pump 1 is connected to the water heater 105, the water heater 105 is connected to the second end of the first condenser 101, and the third end of the first condenser 101 is connected to the compressor 104. The compressor 104 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 108. The gas-liquid separator 108 is also connected to the second end of the battery cooler 40, the first end of the one-way valve 107, and the first end of the first shut-off valve SOV1. The second end of the first shut-off valve SOV1 is connected to the first end of the second condenser 102 and the third end of the second shut-off valve SOV2, respectively. One end is connected to the second end of the second shut-off valve SOV2, which is connected to the first end of the first electronic expansion valve EXV1. The second end of the first electronic expansion valve EXV1 is connected to the first end of the battery cooler 40. The second end of the second condenser 102 is connected to the first end of the third shut-off valve SOV3 and the first end of the second electronic expansion valve EXV2. The second ends of the third shut-off valve SOV3 and the second ends of the second electronic expansion valve EXV2 are both connected to the first end of the fourth shut-off valve SOV4. The first end of the fourth shut-off valve SOV4 is also connected to the fourth end of the first condenser 101. The second end of the fourth shut-off valve SOV4 is connected to the first end of the first electronic expansion valve EXV1 and the thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve. The thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve is also connected to the evaporator 103. The evaporator 103 is also connected to the second end of the one-way valve 107.

[0040] The battery circuit 20 includes a battery pack 21 and a second three-way proportional water valve CDV2; wherein, the first end of the battery pack 21 and the first end of the second three-way proportional water valve CDV2 are both connected to the third end of the first heat exchanger 50, the second end of the battery pack 21 is connected to the second end of the second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, and the third end of the second three-way proportional water valve CDV2 is connected to the third end of the battery cooler 40.

[0041] The first condenser 101 is a water-cooled condenser. The second condenser 102 is an outdoor condenser.

[0042] Among them, the first three-way proportional water valve CDV1 and the second three-way proportional water valve CDV2 are coolant three-way proportional water valves.

[0043] The control methods for the first water pump (pump1), the first three-way proportional water valve (CDV1), the first shut-off valve (SOV1), the second shut-off valve (SOV2), the third shut-off valve (SOV3), the fourth shut-off valve (SOV4), the first electronic expansion valve (EXV1), the second electronic expansion valve (EXV2), and the thermal expansion valve (SOV-TXV) with electromagnetic shut-off valve can be electrical control, etc.

[0044] Optionally, continue to refer to Figure 2 The hydraulic circuit 30 includes: a second heat exchanger 31, a second water pump 2, a second water tank 32, and a hydraulic system 33; wherein, the first end of the second heat exchanger 31 is connected to the third end of the four-way directional valve C4WV, the second end of the second heat exchanger 31 is connected to the second water tank 32 and the second water pump 2 respectively, the third and fourth ends of the second heat exchanger 31 are both connected to the hydraulic system 33, and the second water pump 2 is also connected to the fourth end of the four-way directional valve C4WV.

[0045] The second heat exchanger 31 is used to extract heat from the hydraulic system 33. By controlling the speed of the second water pump 2, the four-way directional valve C4WV can be switched to the series battery circuit and the hydraulic circuit to recover and utilize the heat of the hydraulic system.

[0046] Optionally, the first heat exchanger 50 is a water-to-water heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger 31 is a water-to-oil heat exchanger.

[0047] Optionally, continue to refer to Figure 2 The heat pump system also includes a third water pump 3; the third water pump 3 is connected to the fourth end of the first heat exchanger 50 and the second end of the four-way reversing valve C4WV.

[0048] Optionally, continue to refer to Figure 2 The heat pump system also includes multiple temperature and pressure sensors. For example, reference... Figure 2 Refrigerant temperature sensors are installed between the third end of the first condenser 101 and the compressor 104, between the first shut-off valve SOV1 and the second condenser 102, and between the compressor 104 and the gas-liquid separator 108. Refrigerant pressure and temperature sensors are installed at the fourth end of the first condenser 101 and the second end of the battery cooler 40. Coolant temperature sensors are installed between the battery pack 21 and the third end of the first heat exchanger 50, at the first end of the first condenser 101, and at the second end of the second heat exchanger 31.

[0049] It should be noted that the cab air conditioning control system provided in this embodiment of the invention can independently realize the cooling, heating, heating dehumidification, and de-icing of the cab. The specific implementation principles are as follows:

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of the driver's cab for achieving the cooling function, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 3 The cab cooling system 10 can be achieved by controlling the compressor 104, third shut-off valve SOV3, second condenser 102, second shut-off valve SOV2, thermostatic expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve, evaporator 103, and one-way valve 107 in the cab air conditioning control system 10. The specific cooling route is as follows: Figure 3 Dashed arrow.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of a cab heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention. When the outdoor condenser (i.e., the second condenser) can provide sufficient heat, heat is supplied only to the water-cooled condenser (i.e., the first condenser) through the outdoor condenser; that is, heating is achieved through a separate outdoor condenser. Simultaneously, the water heater should be avoided from being turned on. For example, refer to... Figure 4 Heating of the cab can be achieved by controlling the compressor 104, the second electronic expansion valve EXV2, the second condenser 102, the first shut-off valve SOV1, the heater core 106, and the first water pump 1 in the cab air conditioning control system 10. The specific heating route is as follows: Figure 4 Dashed arrow.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of the second heating method for the driver's cab provided in this embodiment of the invention. In low-temperature environments where the heat pump performance is insufficient, a water heater can be activated for auxiliary heating, i.e., heating is achieved through a combination of a heat pump and a water heater. For example, refer to... Figure 5 Heating of the cab can be achieved by controlling the compressor 104, the second electronic expansion valve EXV2, the second condenser 102, the first shut-off valve SOV1, the heater core 106, the first water pump 1, and the water heater 105 in the cab air conditioning control system 10. The specific heating route is as follows: Figure 5 Dashed arrow.

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of a heating and dehumidification method for the driver's cab provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example, refer to... Figure 6Heating and dehumidification of the cab can be achieved by controlling the compressor 104, the third shut-off valve SOV3, the second condenser 102, the second shut-off valve SOV2, the thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve, the evaporator 103, and the one-way valve 107 in the cab air conditioning control system, as well as the heater core 106 and the first water pump 1. The specific heating and dehumidification routes are as follows: Figure 6 The dashed arrow indicates this heating and dehumidification method, suitable for spring and autumn. Dehumidification is achieved first through the evaporator, followed by heating through the warm air core. The outlet air temperature can be adjusted via a mixing damper if necessary. The water heater should be avoided from being turned on.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of the second method for achieving heating and dehumidification in the driver's cab, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. For example, refer to... Figure 7 Heating and dehumidification of the cab can be achieved by controlling the compressor 104, the second electronic expansion valve EXV2, the second condenser 102, the first shut-off valve SOV1, the fourth shut-off valve SOV4, the thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve, the evaporator 103, and the one-way valve 107 in the cab air conditioning control system, as well as the heater core 106 and the first water pump 1. The specific heating and dehumidification routes are as follows: Figure 7 The dashed arrow indicates this heating and dehumidification method, suitable for use in spring and autumn when high outlet air temperatures are required. It utilizes both the evaporator and the outdoor condenser as evaporators to increase the temperature of the first condenser (water-cooled condenser). Simultaneously, the water heater should be avoided from being turned on.

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of the third method for achieving heating in the driver's cab, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. Optionally, refer to... Figure 8 The heating of the cab is controlled by controlling the battery cooler 40 and the cab air conditioning control system 10, including controlling the first shut-off valve SOV1, the second condenser 102, the second electronic expansion valve EXV2, the fourth shut-off valve SOV4, the first electronic expansion valve EXV1, the battery cooler 40, the compressor 104, the first condenser 101, the water heater 105, the first water pump pump1 and the heater core 106.

[0056] in, Figure 8 The heating method shown can use an outdoor condenser and a battery cooler as an evaporator in low-temperature environments, improving the low-temperature heating effect of the heat pump.

[0057] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle and structure of a de-icing method for the driver's cab provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, refer to... Figure 9The cab de-icing is controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger 50, the battery cooler 40, the cab air conditioning control system 10, and the battery circuit 20. This includes controlling the battery cooler 40, the first heat exchanger 50, the first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, the second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, the first condenser 101, the heater core 106, the first water pump, the compressor 104, the third shut-off valve SOV3, the second condenser 102, the second shut-off valve SOV2, and the first electronic expansion valve EXV1.

[0058] Figure 9 The principle behind this de-icing method is as follows: the cab heating system uses a water heater to prevent de-icing from affecting the cab heating needs. When the battery temperature is sufficient, de-icing is performed through the outdoor condenser and battery cooler.

[0059] In addition, de-icing of the cab can also be achieved through... Figure 5 The heating route shown, even when heated by a water heater, avoids affecting the cab's heating needs during de-icing. Furthermore, by controlling the opening of the second electronic expansion valve EXV2, throttling is achieved to prevent excessive system pressure.

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of cab cooling and battery cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of cab cooling and battery heating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of cab heating and battery cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of cab heating and battery heating provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of cab heating, dehumidification, and battery cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of a cab heating, dehumidification, and battery heating system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the heating and / or cooling of the cab and battery is controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the cab air conditioning control system, and the battery circuit, including: [Reference] Figure 10 By controlling the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, four-way reversing valve C4WV, compressor 104, third shut-off valve SOV3, second condenser 102, second shut-off valve SOV2, first electronic expansion valve EXV1, thermostatic expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve, evaporator 103, and one-way valve 107, the cab cooling and battery cooling functions can be controlled simultaneously.

[0062] refer to Figure 11By controlling the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, four-way reversing valve C4WV, first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, heater core 106, first water pump 1, water heater 105, first condenser 101, compressor 104, third shut-off valve SOV3, first condenser 101, second shut-off valve SOV2, thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve, evaporator 103, and one-way valve 107, the cab cooling and battery heating can be controlled simultaneously. This allows for simultaneous cooling of the cab via the compressor and heating of the battery via the water heater.

[0063] refer to Figure 12 The cab heating and battery cooling are controlled by regulating the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, four-way reversing valve C4WV, first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, heater core 106, first water pump pump1, first condenser 101, compressor 104, third shut-off valve SOV3, second condenser 102, first shut-off valve SOV3, fourth shut-off valve SOV4, and first electronic expansion valve EXV1. This utilizes the battery cooler and outdoor condenser as evaporators to obtain heat, achieving both cab heating and battery cooling functions. Simultaneously, the water heater should be kept off.

[0064] refer to Figure 13 By controlling the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, four-way reversing valve C4WV, first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, heater core 106, first water pump pump1, water heater 105, first condenser 101, compressor 104, second electronic expansion valve EXV2, second condenser 102, and first shut-off valve SOV1, the cab heating and battery heating can be controlled simultaneously. This allows for simultaneous cab heat pump heating and battery heating. Furthermore, by controlling the opening degrees of the water heater, first water pump, and first three-way proportional water valve, the energy distribution for cab heating and battery heating can be achieved, thereby realizing rational energy allocation and improving system performance and efficiency.

[0065] refer to Figure 14The cab heating, dehumidification, and battery cooling functions are controlled by regulating the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, four-way reversing valve C4WV, first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, heater core 106, first water pump pump1, first condenser 101, compressor 104, third shut-off valve SOV3, second condenser 102, first shut-off valve SOV1, fourth shut-off valve SOV4, thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve, evaporator 103, and one-way valve 107. Thus, the cab heating, dehumidification, and battery cooling functions are achieved by using the battery cooler and outdoor condenser (and simultaneously the evaporator when dehumidification is needed) as evaporators to obtain heat. Simultaneously, the water heater should be avoided from being turned on.

[0066] refer to Figure 15 The system controls the cab heating and dehumidification, as well as battery heating, by controlling the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, four-way reversing valve C4WV, first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, heater core 106, first water pump pump1, first condenser 101, compressor 104, first shut-off valve SOV1, second condenser 102, second electronic expansion valve EXV2, fourth shut-off valve SOV4, thermal expansion valve SOV-TXV with electromagnetic shut-off valve, evaporator 103, and one-way valve 107. This allows for simultaneous cab heat pump heating and dehumidification, and battery heating. Furthermore, by controlling the opening degrees of the water heater, first water pump, and first three-way proportional water valve, energy distribution for cab heating and battery heating can be achieved, thus realizing rational energy allocation and improving system performance and efficiency.

[0067] In summary, this heat pump system can simultaneously cool and / or heat the cab and battery, allowing for a rational distribution of energy between the two and avoiding waste. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies, it eliminates the need for separate battery heating / cooling systems and cab heating / cooling systems, saving space, optimizing layout, and reducing costs.

[0068] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of the hydraulic system for waste heat recovery and battery heating provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 17This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of the hydraulic system waste heat recovery and cab heating provided in this embodiment of the invention. Optionally, waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit and heating of the battery and / or cab are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, four-way reversing valve C4WV, battery circuit 20, and hydraulic circuit 30. This includes controlling the first heat exchanger 50, battery cooler 40, four-way reversing valve C4WV, first three-way proportional water valve CDV1, second three-way proportional water valve CDV2, heater core 106, first water pump pump1, second heat exchanger 31, hydraulic system 33, and second water pump pump2 to control waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit and heating of the battery and / or cab.

[0069] One of the most significant characteristics of construction machinery is that its hydraulic system generates a large amount of heat. This heat can be recovered and reused as a source of heat for battery heating and cab heating. For example, under specific operating conditions, a vehicle can recover and reuse the heat generated by its hydraulic system to heat the power battery. The route to achieve this is as follows: Figure 16 The hydraulic system heat is obtained through a water-oil heat exchanger (i.e., the second heat exchanger). The pump speed is controlled, and the four-way water valve is switched to the series battery circuit and hydraulic circuit to realize the recovery and utilization of the hydraulic system heat. The recovered heat can be used for battery heating.

[0070] For example, under specific operating conditions, the heat generated by the hydraulic system can be recovered and reused to heat the cab. The route to achieve this is as follows: Figure 17 The hydraulic system's heat is recovered and reused by controlling the water pump speed and switching the four-way water valve to the series battery circuit and hydraulic circuit. The recovered heat can be used to heat the battery and / or the cab. When the battery does not require heating, the battery pack in the water circuit can be shielded by controlling the three-way proportional water valve.

[0071] In summary, this heat pump system can simultaneously cool and / or heat the cab and battery, ensuring a rational energy distribution between them and preventing waste. It can also simultaneously recover waste heat from the hydraulic system to heat the cab and / or battery, further optimizing energy distribution among the hydraulic system, cab, and battery. Therefore, this heat pump system integrates cab heating / cooling, battery heating / cooling, and hydraulic circuit heat dissipation, optimizing overall energy distribution, improving system efficiency and performance, reducing energy waste, lowering overall energy consumption, optimizing space utilization, and reducing costs. Compared to existing technologies, the cab, battery, and hydraulic system no longer require separate cooling / heating systems, cleverly resolving energy flow between systems, reducing overall energy consumption, minimizing space requirements, and lowering costs.

[0072] This invention also provides an engineering machine that includes the heat pump system provided in any embodiment of this invention.

[0073] Among them, construction machinery can be large-scale construction machinery with hydraulic systems, such as electric excavators, electric loaders, and electric reach stackers.

[0074] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0075] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A heat pump system, characterized in that, include: The cab air conditioning control system, battery circuit, hydraulic circuit, battery cooler, first heat exchanger, and four-way reversing valve; The battery cooler is connected to the cab air conditioning control system at both its first and second ends. The first heat exchanger is also connected to the cab air conditioning control system at both its first and second ends. The battery cooler and the first heat exchanger are both connected to the battery circuit at their third ends. The battery cooler is connected to the four-way reversing valve at its fourth end. The first heat exchanger is connected to the four-way reversing valve at its fourth end. The four-way reversing valve is connected to the hydraulic circuit at its third and fourth ends. The heating of the cab is controlled by controlling the battery cooler and the cab air conditioning control system. The de-icing of the cab and the heating and / or cooling of the cab and the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the cab air conditioning control system and the battery circuit; The waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit and the heating of the battery and / or the cab are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the battery circuit and the hydraulic circuit; The cab air conditioning control system includes: a first condenser, a second condenser, an evaporator, a compressor, a water heater, a heater core, a one-way valve, a first water pump, a first three-way proportional water valve, a first shut-off valve, a second shut-off valve, a third shut-off valve, a fourth shut-off valve, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a thermal expansion valve with an electromagnetic shut-off valve, a gas-liquid separator, and a first water tank. Wherein, the first end of the first three-way proportional water valve is connected to the first end of the first heat exchanger, the second end of the first three-way proportional water valve is connected to the warm air core, the third end of the first three-way proportional water valve is connected to the first end of the first condenser, the warm air core is connected to the first water tank and the first water pump respectively, the first water pump is connected to the water heater, the water heater is connected to the second end of the first condenser, the third end of the first condenser is connected to the compressor, and the compressor is connected to the gas-liquid separator; The gas-liquid separator is also connected to the second end of the battery cooler, the first end of the one-way valve, and the first end of the first shut-off valve; the second end of the first shut-off valve is connected to the first end of the second condenser and the first end of the second shut-off valve, respectively; the second end of the second shut-off valve is connected to the first end of the first electronic expansion valve, and the second end of the first electronic expansion valve is connected to the first end of the battery cooler; the second end of the second condenser is connected to the first end of the third shut-off valve and the first end of the second electronic expansion valve, respectively; the second end of the third shut-off valve and the second end of the second electronic expansion valve are both connected to the first end of the fourth shut-off valve. The first end of the fourth shut-off valve is also connected to the fourth end of the first condenser, and the second end of the fourth shut-off valve is connected to the first end of the first electronic expansion valve and the thermal expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve. The thermal expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve is also connected to the evaporator, and the evaporator is also connected to the second end of the one-way valve. The refrigerant is introduced into the evaporator for heat absorption and dehumidification through the electromagnetic shut-off function of the thermal expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve, and the refrigerant flow rate of the evaporator is adjusted by the thermal expansion function of the thermal expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve, so that the combined working mode of cab heating and dehumidification and battery cooling / heating can be switched. The battery circuit includes: a battery pack and a second three-way proportional water valve; wherein, the first end of the battery pack and the first end of the second three-way proportional water valve are both connected to the third end of the first heat exchanger, the second end of the battery pack is connected to the second end of the second three-way proportional water valve, and the third end of the second three-way proportional water valve is connected to the third end of the battery cooler.

2. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of controlling the heating of the cab by controlling the battery cooler and the cab air conditioning control system includes: The cab heating is controlled by controlling the first shut-off valve, the second condenser, the second electronic expansion valve, the fourth shut-off valve, the first electronic expansion valve, the battery cooler, the compressor, the first condenser, the water heater, the first water pump, and the heater core.

3. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of controlling the cab de-icing by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the cab air conditioning control system, and the battery circuit includes: The de-icing of the cab is controlled by controlling the battery cooler, the first heat exchanger, the first three-way proportional water valve, the second three-way proportional water valve, the first condenser, the heater core, the first water pump, the compressor, the third shut-off valve, the second condenser, the second shut-off valve, and the first electronic expansion valve.

4. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of controlling the heating and / or cooling of the cab and the battery by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the cab air conditioning control system, and the battery circuit includes: The cooling of the cab and the cooling of the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the second three-way proportional water valve, the four-way reversing valve, the compressor, the third shut-off valve, the second condenser, the second shut-off valve, the first electronic expansion valve, the thermostatic expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve, the evaporator and the one-way valve. The cooling of the cab and the heating of the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the second three-way proportional water valve, the four-way reversing valve, the first three-way proportional water valve, the heater core, the first water pump, the water heater, the first condenser, the compressor, the third shut-off valve, the first condenser, the second shut-off valve, the thermal expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve, the evaporator and the one-way valve. The heating of the cab and the cooling of the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the second three-way proportional water valve, the four-way reversing valve, the first three-way proportional water valve, the heater core, the first water pump, the first condenser, the compressor, the third shut-off valve, the second condenser, the first shut-off valve, the fourth shut-off valve and the first electronic expansion valve. The heating of the cab and the heating of the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the second three-way proportional water valve, the four-way reversing valve, the first three-way proportional water valve, the heater core, the first water pump, the water heater, the first condenser, the compressor, the second electronic expansion valve, the second condenser and the first shut-off valve. The heating and dehumidification of the cab and the cooling of the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the second three-way proportional water valve, the four-way reversing valve, the first three-way proportional water valve, the heater core, the first water pump, the first condenser, the compressor, the third shut-off valve, the second condenser, the first shut-off valve, the fourth shut-off valve, the thermal expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve, the evaporator and the one-way valve. The heating and dehumidification of the cab and the heating of the battery are controlled by controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the second three-way proportional water valve, the four-way reversing valve, the first three-way proportional water valve, the heater core, the first water pump, the first condenser, the compressor, the first shut-off valve, the second condenser, the second electronic expansion valve, the fourth shut-off valve, the thermal expansion valve with electromagnetic shut-off valve, the evaporator and the one-way valve.

5. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic circuit includes: a second heat exchanger, a second water pump, a second water tank, and a hydraulic system; The first end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the third end of the four-way reversing valve, the second end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the second water tank and the second water pump respectively, the third and fourth ends of the second heat exchanger are both connected to the hydraulic system, and the second water pump is also connected to the fourth end of the four-way reversing valve.

6. The heat pump system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control of the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the battery circuit, and the hydraulic circuit to control the waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit, and the heating of the battery and / or the cab, includes: By controlling the first heat exchanger, the battery cooler, the four-way reversing valve, the first three-way proportional water valve, the second three-way proportional water valve, the heater core, the first water pump, the second heat exchanger, the hydraulic system, and the second water pump, the waste heat recovery of the hydraulic circuit and the heating of the battery and / or the cab are controlled.

7. The heat pump system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger is a water-to-water heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is a water-to-oil heat exchanger.

8. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third water pump; the third water pump is connected to the fourth end of the first heat exchanger and the second end of the four-way reversing valve.

9. An engineering machinery, characterized in that, Including the heat pump system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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