High temperature and high pressure portable multi-form leak layer simulation and leak stopping effect evaluation instrument

Abstract

The application provides a high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-form leak layer simulation and leak stopping effect evaluation instrument, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation.The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-form leak layer simulation and leak stopping effect evaluation instrument comprises a cylinder, a top cover, a slit plate, a gas supply pipe and a heating jacket.The cylinder is hollow and forms an accommodating cavity.The top end of the accommodating cavity is open, and the low end of the accommodating cavity is provided with a filtration opening.The top cover is arranged on the top end of the accommodating cavity and is detachably and sealingly connected with the cylinder.An air inlet valve is arranged on the top cover, one end of the air inlet valve is connected with the accommodating cavity, and the other end of the air inlet valve is connected with the gas supply pipe.A pressure gauge is arranged on the gas supply pipe.The slit plate is arranged in the accommodating cavity and sealingly and slidingly cooperates with the inner wall of the cylinder.A simulated crack is arranged on the slit plate.The heating jacket is arranged on the cylinder.The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-form leak layer simulation and leak stopping effect evaluation instrument can evaluate the leak stopping effect and pressure bearing capacity of a leak stopping fluid on a work site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas extraction technology, and in particular to a high-temperature, high-pressure portable multi-morphological leak simulation and leak plugging effect evaluation instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Well leakage is a complex downhole situation in oil and gas development where various working fluids enter the formation directly under pressure differentials. It severely impacts drilling speed and efficiency, leading to increased drilling costs. Working fluids include drilling fluid, cement slurry, completion fluid, and other fluids.

[0003] In existing technologies, pumping in plugging slurry is a common method for solving well leakage problems. Therefore, the plugging effect of the slurry is a crucial factor in resolving well leakage issues. A plugging instrument is used to evaluate the plugging effect of the slurry. Current plugging instruments are large and require a laboratory setting. When plugging fluid is needed in oilfield operations, it must be sent to the laboratory for testing to determine its effectiveness. This process is complex, time-consuming, and severely impacts oilfield operational efficiency.

[0004] In view of this, based on years of experience in production and design in this and related fields, the inventor has designed a high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument through repeated experiments, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leak simulation and leak-stopping effect evaluation instrument, which can evaluate the leak-stopping effect and pressure resistance of the leak-stopping fluid at the work site.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a high-temperature, high-pressure portable multi-morphological leak simulation and leak-stopping effect evaluation instrument. The instrument comprises a cylinder, a top cover, a slotted plate, an air supply pipe, and a heating sleeve. The cylinder is hollow and forms a accommodating cavity. The top of the accommodating cavity is open, and a filter outlet is provided at the bottom. The top cover is placed over the top of the accommodating cavity and is detachably and sealed to the cylinder. An air inlet valve is provided on the top cover, with one end connected to the accommodating cavity and the other end connected to the air supply pipe. A pressure gauge is provided on the air supply pipe. The slotted plate is disposed within the accommodating cavity and slides in a sealed manner with the inner wall of the cylinder. Simulated cracks are formed on the slotted plate. The heating sleeve is fitted over the cylinder.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and advantages: The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leak simulation and leak-stopping effect evaluation instrument proposed in this invention is easy to operate, safe to use, and can be carried to various work sites. It can then be used to conduct tests on-site and evaluate the leak-stopping effect and pressure resistance of the leak-stopping fluid.

[0008] The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument proposed in this invention can be customized in terms of cylinder volume according to the needs of the work site, making it more convenient for on-site workers to carry out construction and operation. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the seam panel of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the seam plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the seam plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the seam plate of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram (a) showing the presence of micro-cracks in the seam plate of this invention. Figure 7 Schematic diagram (II) showing the micro-cracks in the seam plate of this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram (a) showing irregular cracks in the seam plate of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram (II) showing the irregular cracks in the seam plate of the present invention.

[0011] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0012] 100. High-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage sealing effect evaluation instrument; 10. Cylinder body; 11. Filter outlet; 12. Filter valve; 13. Pressure relief port; 14. Pressure relief valve; 20. Top cover; 21. Intake valve; 30. Seam board; 31. Simulate cracks; 40. Gas supply pipe; 41. Pressure gauge; 50. Heating jacket; 51. Power cord; 52. Power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of specific embodiments. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on the invention, and these should all be considered to fall within the scope of the invention.

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage simulation and leak-stopping effect evaluation instrument 100. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage simulation and leak-stopping effect evaluation instrument 100 includes a cylinder 10, a top cover 20, a slotted plate 30, an air supply pipe 40, and a heating sleeve 50. The cylinder 10 is hollow inside and forms a receiving cavity. The top of the receiving cavity is open, and a filter outlet 11 is provided at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The top cover 20 is placed on the top of the receiving cavity and is detachably and sealed to the cylinder 10. An air inlet valve 21 is provided on the top cover 20. One end of the air inlet valve 21 is connected to the receiving cavity, and the other end of the air inlet valve 21 is connected to the air supply pipe 40. A pressure gauge 41 is provided on the air supply pipe 40. The slotted plate 30 is placed inside the receiving cavity and is sealed and slidingly fitted with the inner wall of the cylinder 10. A simulated crack 31 is provided on the slotted plate 30. The heating sleeve 50 is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder 10.

[0015] The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leak simulation and leak-stopping effect evaluation instrument 100 proposed in this invention is easy to operate, safe to use, and can be carried to various work sites, so that the leak-stopping effect and pressure resistance of the leak-stopping fluid can be evaluated on-site.

[0016] The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument 100 proposed in this invention has a cylinder 10 whose volume can be customized according to the needs of the work site, making it more convenient for on-site workers to carry out construction and operation.

[0017] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, one end of the air supply pipe 40 is detachably and sealed to the air inlet valve 21, and the other end of the air supply pipe 40 is connected to a nitrogen source, which further facilitates the installation and disassembly of the high temperature and high pressure portable multi-morphological leakage simulation and leakage sealing effect evaluation instrument 100.

[0018] In one optional example of this implementation, the nitrogen source is a nitrogen cylinder, and the gas supply pipe 40 is detachably and sealed to the nitrogen cylinder.

[0019] In this invention, the pressure of nitrogen injected into the accommodating cavity can be obtained by the pressure gauge 41 on the gas supply pipe 40, and then the pressure difference between the nitrogen pressure in the accommodating cavity and the atmospheric pressure outside the cylinder 10 can be calculated, thereby evaluating the pressure resistance of the sealing liquid (sealing material).

[0020] In this invention, nitrogen gas in the gas supply pipe 40 is injected into the accommodating cavity through the gas inlet valve 21 on the top cover 20 to simulate the high-pressure environment downhole.

[0021] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is further provided between the cylinder 10 and the top cover 20 to further ensure the sealing effect between the cylinder 10 and the top cover 20.

[0022] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder 10 and the top cover 20 are threaded together.

[0023] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder 10 is a steel cylinder, and the cylinder wall of the cylinder 10 needs to have a certain thickness to withstand the high pressure inside the accommodating cavity.

[0024] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the volume of the accommodating cavity is 500ml, which is small in size and easy to clean.

[0025] In this invention, such as Figures 2 to 9 As shown, the fracture plate 30 simulates various types of leakage layers as much as possible, such as conventional leakage layers (sandstone, carbonate rock), microfractured leakage layers (shale), and leakage plugging evaluation work in water-based drilling fluid environment and oil-based drilling fluid environment.

[0026] In an optional embodiment of the invention, the slotted plate 30 simulates a fractured environment in a water-based drilling environment.

[0027] In one optional embodiment of this implementation, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the simulated crack 31 includes crack-type crack, horizontal crack, vertical crack, hole-type crack, and pore-type crack.

[0028] In one optional example of this embodiment, the slotted crack is a rectangular crack with a width of 1 to 5 mm.

[0029] In one optional example, the high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage simulation and plugging effect evaluation instrument 100 is equipped with various models of seam plates 30, with different models of seam plates 30 having different simulated cracks 31. The specific dimensions of each simulated crack can be designed according to experimental needs.

[0030] In another alternative example of this implementation, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, simulated fracture 31 consists of horizontal and vertical micro-fractures, used to simulate micro-fractured leakage layers in shale.

[0031] In one optional example, the width of the simulated crack 31 is 0.1~1mm, which can be designed according to experimental needs.

[0032] In yet another optional example of this implementation, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, simulated crack 31 represents various irregular cracks. The width of simulated crack 31 ranges from 0.1 to 5 mm, and can be designed according to experimental needs.

[0033] In an optional embodiment of the invention, the fracture plate 30 simulates a fracture environment in an oil-based drilling environment.

[0034] In one optional example of this implementation, the joint plate 30 is soaked in white oil (mineral oil) + emulsifier + wetting agent, and the surface of the joint plate 30 and the simulated crack 31 are treated before the oil-based or water-based sealing grout is used for sealing evaluation.

[0035] In an optional embodiment of the invention, the fracture plate 30 is used to simulate the environment in which the fracture morphology is affected by changes in wellbore pressure.

[0036] In an optional example of this embodiment, the fracture plate 30 includes a rigid fracture plate body and an elastic fracture plate body, with the elastic fracture plate covering at least one surface of the rigid fracture plate body to simulate a fracture penetrating both the rigid and elastic fracture plate bodies. The elastic fracture plate body deforms under pressure changes to simulate the dynamic changes of a leaky formation. Typically, under constant formation pressure, the fracture size changes continuously with variations in the ECD (Early Coefficient of Deformation) within the well, sometimes opening, sometimes partially opening and closing, and sometimes closing completely.

[0037] In one optional example, the elastic joint plate is a rubber elastic joint plate positioned on top of the rigid joint plate. The simulated cracks on the elastic joint plate are consistent with those on the rigid joint plate. The elastic joint plate deforms under pressure changes to simulate the dynamic changes of the leak layer, thereby allowing evaluation of the leak-sealing effect under these dynamic conditions.

[0038] During the test, by changing the type of the crack plate placed in the accommodating cavity, the sealing effect and pressure bearing capacity of the sealing fluid (sealing material) in different crack widths, vertical or horizontal cracks can be simulated more scientifically.

[0039] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a filter valve 12 connected to the filter outlet 11 is installed on the cylinder 10. During the test, the plugging fluid leaking through the seam plate 30 is discharged through the filter outlet 11. By collecting the plugging fluid discharged from the filter outlet 11, the amount of leakage of the plugging fluid can be determined, and the plugging effect of the plugging fluid (plugging material) can be evaluated.

[0040] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a pressure relief port 13 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder 10, which is connected to the accommodating cavity. A pressure relief valve 14 connected to the pressure relief port 13 is installed on the cylinder 10. The pressure relief valve 14 controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief port 13. In case of emergency, the pressure relief valve can be opened to release the pressure in the accommodating cavity to the outside through the pressure relief port, thus preventing accidents. After the test is completed, the pressure in the accommodating cavity is also released to the outside through the pressure relief port to ensure safety when disassembling and assembling the top cover 20.

[0041] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the heating jacket 50 is an electric heating jacket. The cylinder 10 is heated by the electric heating jacket to simulate the high-temperature environment downhole.

[0042] In an optional example of this embodiment, the electric heating mantle is connected to a power source 52 via a power cord 51. In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a thermometer is provided inside the heating jacket 50 to obtain the temperature of the cylinder 10.

[0043] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a scale line (not shown in the figure) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 10. The amount of plugging liquid injected into the accommodating cavity can be controlled by the scale line to make the test more accurate.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The following is a detailed description of the specific implementation process of the high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument 100 proposed in this invention, with reference to an embodiment.

[0045] Select different models of seam plate 30 according to the simulation conditions (different leakage rates and leakage layer characteristics); install seam plate 30 into the bottom of the receiving cavity; pour the selected sealing liquid into the receiving cavity according to the sealing scheme (if the test temperature exceeds 100 degrees Celsius, the sealing liquid should not exceed the maximum scale line); seal the top cover 20 and the cylinder 10 together.

[0046] The sealing fluid in the cavity is heated and pressurized according to the simulated temperature and pressure conditions; the leakage situation and sealing effect are observed, and the leakage amount is recorded over a certain period of time; when the leakage stops, the pressure is gradually increased according to the gradient, and the pressure and time are recorded.

[0047] After the experiment is completed, allow it to cool down and then depressurize. Remove the plugs for observation (especially chemical and solidified plugs). Finally, the effectiveness of the leak sealing is comprehensively evaluated based on the leakage amount and the pressure, providing practical guidance for the leak sealing work.

[0048] The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument 100 proposed in this invention has a simple structure and low manufacturing and use costs. The cost of the sealing ring is RMB 0.02 million, the cost of the air inlet valve is RMB 0.02 million, the cost of the experimental materials (nitrogen) is RMB 0.02 million, the cost of the cylinder 10 and the top cover is RMB 0.1 million, the labor cost is RMB 0.02 million, and the cost of water, electricity and gas is RMB 0.02 million, totaling RMB 0.2 million.

[0049] The detailed explanations of the above embodiments are intended only to explain the present invention so as to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention for any reason. In particular, the various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments. Unless there is an explicit description to the contrary, these features should be understood to be applicable to any embodiment, and not limited to the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A high-temperature, high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument, characterized in that, The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage simulation and leak-stopping effect evaluation instrument includes a cylinder, a top cover, a slotted plate, an air supply pipe, and a heating jacket. The cylinder is hollow inside and forms a accommodating cavity. The top of the accommodating cavity is open, and a filter outlet is provided at the bottom of the accommodating cavity. The top cover is placed on the top of the accommodating cavity and is detachably and sealed to the cylinder. An air inlet valve is provided on the top cover. One end of the air inlet valve is connected to the accommodating cavity, and the other end of the air inlet valve is connected to the air supply pipe. A pressure gauge is provided on the air supply pipe. The slotted plate is placed inside the accommodating cavity and is sealed and slides in a sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder. Simulated cracks are provided on the slotted plate. The heating jacket is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder. The seam panel includes a rigid seam panel body and an elastic seam panel body, the elastic seam panel body covers at least one surface of the rigid seam panel body, and the simulated crack penetrates the rigid seam panel body and the elastic seam panel body; The elastic joint plate is a rubber elastic joint plate, which is disposed on the upper part of the rigid joint plate. The simulated cracks on the elastic joint plate are consistent with the simulated cracks on the rigid joint plate.

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the gas supply pipe is detachably and sealed to the gas inlet valve, and the other end of the gas supply pipe is connected to a nitrogen source.

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A sealing ring is also provided between the cylinder and the top cover.

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated cracks are classified as fissure cracks, vertical cracks, pore cracks, and fissure cracks.

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The width of the slotted crack is 1~5mm.

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated cracks are horizontal microcracks and vertical microcracks.

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the horizontal microcracks and the vertical microcracks is 0.1~1mm.

8. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated crack is an irregular crack, and the width of the irregular crack is 0.1~5mm.

9. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A filter valve connected to the filter outlet is installed on the cylinder.

10. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the accommodating cavity is also provided with a pressure relief port, and a pressure relief valve connected to the pressure relief port is installed on the cylinder.

11. The high-temperature and high-pressure portable multi-morphological leakage layer simulation and leakage plugging effect evaluation instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A thermometer is installed inside the heating jacket.

Images