A workpiece temperature simulation method, device, equipment and medium for a vacuum heating furnace

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of heating furnace simulation, and discloses a vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method, device, equipment and medium, the method comprising the following steps: obtaining vacuum heating furnace parameters and a preset stacking arrangement mode of a plurality of workpieces to be heat treated; a temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the vacuum heating furnace parameters and the preset stacking arrangement mode of the plurality of workpieces to be heat treated; the plurality of workpieces to be heat treated are simulated by heating by using the temperature simulation calculation model, so that a first temperature value of a temperature measuring point position and a second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment are obtained; the plurality of workpieces to be heat treated are heated by using a vacuum heating furnace, so that a third temperature value of the temperature measuring point position is obtained; the second temperature value is corrected based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value, so that the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment is obtained. The application can accurately obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment, and solves the problem that it is difficult to obtain the temperature of each workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heating furnace simulation technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for simulating workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum furnaces are widely used in many industries such as machinery and metallurgy, becoming an important piece of equipment for vacuum annealing of metallic materials. Titanium alloys possess excellent properties such as high specific strength and superior mechanical properties, and are widely used in aerospace, automotive, and medical fields. The manufacturing of titanium alloy wire and rod workpieces requires a vacuum annealing furnace. The workpieces are placed in a rack and then fed into the furnace for high-temperature annealing. To improve production efficiency and economy, large-scale vacuum furnaces are typically used for annealing, with a large number of wire and rod workpieces stacked together and fed into the furnace at once. This stacking method causes external workpieces to obstruct the internal workpieces, preventing temperature sensors from directly measuring the temperature of the internal workpieces. Furthermore, although the real-time temperature of the external workpieces can be directly measured, limitations such as installation, vacuum requirements, and cost prevent the deployment of a sufficient number of sensors. Only a limited number of discrete locations can be measured, failing to obtain the temperature of all workpieces and thus making it impossible to determine the true annealing effect of the internal workpieces. Insufficient heating will result in the titanium alloy wire rod failing to meet usage requirements, while overheating will adversely affect the performance of surrounding workpieces, reduce production efficiency, and increase energy consumption. Therefore, for titanium alloy wire rods and other workpieces, especially those undergoing vacuum heat treatment in a stacked manner, obtaining the heating temperature of all workpieces is essential.

[0003] To obtain the temperature of workpieces inside a vacuum heating furnace, the common method is to install temperature sensing elements such as thermocouples on the furnace wall to measure the temperature of the heated area. However, considering economics and ease of installation, only a small number of temperature sensing elements can be installed on the furnace wall, meaning only a small number of points inside the furnace can be measured. Vacuum furnaces require a certain degree of vacuum in the heated area. Although sealing is performed after opening holes in the furnace wall to install temperature sensing elements, zero leakage cannot be achieved, negatively impacting the maintenance of the vacuum level. Furthermore, the more temperature sensing elements installed, the more detrimental it is to the vacuum level. The heating elements inside a vacuum heating furnace are typically heating belts or heating rods, and a certain temperature gradient exists within the heated area. Temperature sensing elements installed closer to or farther from the heating element will output different temperature values. Therefore, the method of measuring the temperature at discrete locations using a limited number of temperature sensing elements cannot obtain the complete temperature field distribution within the heated area of ​​the furnace. Consequently, for a large number of stacked workpieces, the temperature sensing elements cannot, or have difficulty, penetrate deep into the workpieces to measure the temperature, making it difficult to obtain the temperature of each workpiece inside the vacuum heating furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for simulating the temperature of workpieces in a vacuum heating furnace, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in obtaining the temperature of each workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for simulating the temperature of a workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated;

[0007] A temperature simulation calculation model was established based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated.

[0008] A temperature simulation calculation model was used to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, and the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment were obtained.

[0009] A vacuum heating furnace was used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated, and the third temperature value at the temperature measurement point was obtained.

[0010] The second temperature value is corrected based on the relationship between the first and third temperature values ​​to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0011] The vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method provided in this invention establishes a temperature simulation calculation model and uses this model to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, obtaining a first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and a second temperature value for each workpiece after heat treatment. Then, an actual vacuum heating furnace is used to heat the several workpieces to be heat-treated, obtaining a third temperature value at the temperature measurement point. Based on the relationship between the first and third temperature values, the second temperature value is corrected to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. By correcting the second temperature value based on the relationship between the first and third temperature values, the temperature value of each workpiece after all heat treatments can be accurately obtained, solving the problem of difficulty in obtaining the temperature of each workpiece inside the vacuum heating furnace.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace include: the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the temperature simulation calculation model established based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated includes:

[0014] The effective heating zone is determined based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace;

[0015] A temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, the effective heating zone, and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace. Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in the effective heating zone according to a preset stacking arrangement.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the heating simulation of several workpieces to be heat-treated using a temperature simulation calculation model includes:

[0017] Obtain the location of the temperature measuring point in the vacuum heating furnace;

[0018] Set the corresponding temperature measurement point location in the temperature simulation calculation model according to the location of the temperature measurement point;

[0019] The temperature simulation calculation model is set up to simulate the thermal radiation model, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace, and the temperature change parameters of the heating elements.

[0020] The workpiece temperature simulation method for vacuum heating furnaces provided in this invention reduces the number of temperature measuring elements by setting an effective heating zone based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace. A temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, the effective heating zone, and the materials of the components. Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in the effective heating zone according to a preset stacking arrangement. The resulting temperature simulation calculation model is consistent with the actual arrangement of the vacuum heating furnace. Subsequently, the positions of temperature measuring points in the vacuum heating furnace are obtained and corresponding positions are set in the temperature simulation calculation model. The model also sets the thermal radiation model, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the vacuum heating furnace components, and the temperature change parameters of the heating elements for heating simulation. This ensures that the temperature simulation calculation model maintains the same temperature measuring point arrangement as the actual vacuum heating furnace. By using the thermal radiation model, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the vacuum heating furnace components, and the temperature change parameters of the heating elements, the actual vacuum heating furnace is simulated to the greatest extent possible, providing theoretical support for accurately obtaining the temperature of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0021] In one optional implementation, a vacuum heating furnace is used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated, and the third temperature value at the temperature measurement point location is obtained by:

[0022] Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in a vacuum heating furnace according to a preset stacking arrangement for heating, and the positions of temperature measuring points in the vacuum heating furnace are obtained.

[0023] The third temperature value at the temperature measuring point is obtained by reading the temperature of the temperature measuring element at the measuring point location.

[0024] The vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method provided in this invention can heat several workpieces to be heat-treated in an actual vacuum heating furnace to obtain the temperature values ​​at the actual temperature measurement points, providing data support for the correction of the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment obtained by the subsequent temperature simulation calculation model.

[0025] In one optional implementation, the second temperature value is corrected based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment, including:

[0026] Calculate the temperature deviation between the first temperature value and the third temperature value;

[0027] The second temperature value is corrected based on the temperature deviation to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece to be heat-treated.

[0028] In one optional implementation, calculating the temperature deviation between the first temperature value and the third temperature value includes:

[0029] Calculate the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value, and take the average of the differences as the temperature deviation;

[0030] Alternatively, the temperature deviation can be calculated as the percentage deviation of the absolute value of the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value.

[0031] The vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method provided in this invention corrects the second temperature value by temperature deviation to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment, which can improve the accuracy of the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. The corrected temperature value can be used to extract the effective heating area of ​​the vacuum heating furnace and the temperature distribution results of all workpieces, thus obtaining the overall temperature field.

[0032] Secondly, the present invention provides a workpiece temperature simulation device for a vacuum heating furnace, the device comprising:

[0033] The acquisition module is used to acquire the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated;

[0034] A module is established to create a temperature simulation calculation model based on the parameters of a vacuum heating furnace and a preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated.

[0035] The first temperature acquisition module is used to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated using a temperature simulation calculation model, and to obtain the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0036] The second temperature acquisition module is used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated using a vacuum heating furnace to obtain a third temperature value at the temperature measurement point.

[0037] The correction module is used to correct the second temperature value based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value, so as to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0038] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0039] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for simulating workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for simulating workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for simulating workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for simulating workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a CFD simulation calculation model of a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution and thickness of various parts in a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heating zone temperature rise curve when performing heating simulation using the temperature simulation calculation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8(a) is a schematic diagram of the selection of temperature measurement point locations as specified in the standard according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8(b) is a schematic diagram of the actual location of the temperature measuring points in the vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for simulating workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0054] This embodiment provides a method for simulating the workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a workpiece temperature simulation method for a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S101: Obtain the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. The vacuum heating furnace includes a furnace wall, a heat shield, and heating elements. The furnace wall includes an inner furnace wall and an outer furnace wall. Cooling water flows between the two furnace walls to cool the outer furnace wall, preventing its temperature from becoming too high and thus avoiding safety issues. The main function of the heat shield is to reflect the heat from the heating elements back to the effective heating area inside the furnace cavity, minimizing heat transfer to the outside of the vacuum heating furnace and improving heating efficiency. Multiple layers of heat shields are usually installed; for example, five layers of heat shields can be used.

[0056] The workpiece refers to an object that needs to be heat-treated in a vacuum furnace, such as titanium alloy bars or stainless steel bars. Each workpiece has the same specifications. The preset stacking arrangement can be determined according to the shape of the rack used to place the workpieces; there are no uniform requirements. The rack used to place the workpieces can be a rectangular stacking arrangement rack, or other shapes such as V-shaped or W-shaped stacking arrangements racks.

[0057] Step S102: Establish a temperature simulation calculation model based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and a preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. Specifically, as follows... Figure 5 As shown, a temperature simulation model is established using general-purpose CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation software, based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum furnace and the stacking arrangement of the workpieces to be heat-treated. The temperature simulation model includes a virtual vacuum furnace and several virtual workpieces arranged according to a preset stacking arrangement, which correspond to all the arrangement scenarios of the actual vacuum furnace.

[0058] Step S103 involves using a temperature simulation model to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, obtaining the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value for each workpiece after heat treatment. Specifically, the simulated temperature measurement point locations can be set in the temperature simulation model to achieve the measurement of the first temperature value during the model's heating simulation. The specific simulated temperature measurement point locations can correspond to the actual temperature measurement point locations in the vacuum heating furnace.

[0059] When using a temperature simulation model to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, it is necessary to set the temperature values ​​of the heating zone in the simulation model as a function of time, i.e., the heating curve or process curve. For example, Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the temperature is first raised from room temperature to 1250°C at a constant heating rate for 90 minutes, and then held at that temperature for 30 minutes. Different workpieces require different heat treatment properties, therefore the required heating and holding times vary and are set according to specific needs. By setting this heating curve in the model, the second temperature value for each workpiece can be calculated according to this curve and the thermal radiation model set in the model during the heating simulation.

[0060] Step S104: A vacuum heating furnace is used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated to obtain a third temperature value at the temperature measurement point. Specifically, temperature measuring elements, such as thermocouples and temperature sensors, are arranged in the actual vacuum heating furnace at the temperature measurement point corresponding to the temperature simulation calculation model. The temperature value of the temperature measuring element at the corresponding temperature measurement point is read to obtain the third temperature value at the actual temperature measurement point in the vacuum heating furnace.

[0061] Step S105: Based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value, the second temperature value is corrected to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. Specifically, the second temperature value is corrected by calculating the difference or deviation between the first temperature value obtained from simulation and the third temperature value obtained when heating in the actual vacuum furnace, thus obtaining the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0062] The vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method provided in this invention establishes a temperature simulation calculation model and uses this model to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, obtaining a first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and a second temperature value for each workpiece. Then, an actual vacuum heating furnace is used to heat the workpieces to obtain a third temperature value at the temperature measurement point. Based on the relationship between the first and third temperature values, the second temperature value is corrected to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. By correcting the second temperature value based on the relationship between the first and third temperature values, the temperature value of each workpiece after all heat treatments can be accurately obtained, solving the problem of difficulty in obtaining the temperature of each workpiece inside the vacuum heating furnace.

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for simulating the workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a workpiece temperature simulation method for a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S201: Obtain the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0065] Step S202: Establish a temperature simulation calculation model based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and a preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. The parameters of the vacuum heating furnace include: the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace.

[0066] Specifically, step S202 includes:

[0067] Step S2021: Set the effective heating zone based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace. Specifically, the material, thickness, and diameter of each part of the vacuum heating furnace are shown in Table 1, and the distribution and thickness diagram of each part are shown in the figure below. Figure 6 As shown in the figure. Numbers 1 to 8 in the figure correspond to numbers 1 to 8 in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1. Materials and thicknesses of each layer in the vacuum heating furnace (furnace length 1200mm)

[0069]

[0070] The effective heating zone is set according to the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace. Based on the material, thickness and diameter of each part of the vacuum heating furnace in Table 1, the size of the effective heating zone can be set to 600mm*600mm*900mm.

[0071] Step S2022: Establish a temperature simulation calculation model based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, the effective heating zone, and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace. Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in the effective heating zone according to a preset stacking arrangement. Specifically, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace refer to the thermophysical properties of the materials corresponding to each part, such as the inner furnace wall, outer furnace wall, heat insulation screen, and heating belt, including parameters such as density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and emissivity of each component material, as shown in Table 2. Establish a temperature simulation calculation model in CFD software according to the actual structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, the size of the effective heating zone, and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components. For example, if there are a total of 132 workpieces to be heat-treated, they can be placed in the effective heating zone in a rectangular stacking arrangement.

[0072] Table 2 Thermophysical properties of each material

[0073]

[0074] Step S203: Use a temperature simulation calculation model to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, and obtain the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0075] Specifically, step S203 involves using a temperature simulation calculation model to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, including:

[0076] Step S2031: Obtain the location of the temperature measuring point in the vacuum heating furnace. Specifically, the location of the temperature measuring point is selected according to the content of "GBT 9452-2012 Method for Determination of Effective Heating Zone of Heat Treatment Furnace". Figure 8(a) shows the location of the temperature measuring point specified in the standard, and Figure 8(b) shows the actual location of the temperature measuring point set in the vacuum heating furnace, where h = 600mm, b = 600mm, and l = 900mm. Based on this, the location of each temperature measuring point can be obtained.

[0077] Step S2032: Set the corresponding temperature measurement point position in the temperature simulation calculation model according to the temperature measurement point position; specifically, set the temperature measurement point position in the temperature simulation calculation model that corresponds to the actual temperature measurement point position of the vacuum heating furnace, so that the temperature simulation calculation model is consistent with the actual temperature measurement point position of the vacuum heating furnace.

[0078] Step S2033: Set the thermal radiation model, thermophysical properties of the materials of the vacuum furnace components, and temperature change parameters of the heating element for the temperature simulation calculation model during heating simulation. Specifically, to perform thermal radiation calculations for the vacuum furnace, first enable the energy equation and select the thermal radiation model in the fluid simulation software Fluent. Based on experimental data comparison, the discrete coordinate (DO) radiation model is finally selected. The heating element can be the heating belt of the vacuum furnace. Set the temperature change parameters of the heating belt over time, i.e., the heating curve or process curve, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the temperature is first raised from room temperature to 1250℃ at a constant heating rate of 90 min, and then held for 30 min. Different workpieces require different heat treatment properties, so the required heating and holding times are different and should be set according to actual needs.

[0079] After simulating the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated using a temperature simulation model, the first temperature value at each temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment can be obtained. For example, five simulated temperature measurement points can be set in the temperature simulation model, and virtual temperature sensing elements, such as simulated thermocouples or simulated temperature sensors, can be installed at each point. By reading the temperature values ​​of the virtual temperature sensing elements at the five temperature measurement points, the simulated temperature values ​​at the five temperature measurement points can be obtained, i.e., the first temperature value K. simu 1~K simu 5. As shown in Table 3 below:

[0080] Table 3

[0081]

[0082] When calculating the second temperature value, you can first set the time step for the heating temperature to change over time; for example, the time step can be set to 0.5 min, and a total of 240 time steps are calculated. Then, according to the time step of 0.5 min, the discrete coordinate radiation model is used to calculate the thermal radiation of each workpiece in the temperature simulation calculation model to obtain the thermal radiation value of each workpiece.

[0083] Based on the conversion relationship that thermal radiation intensity is proportional to the fourth power of the object's Celsius temperature, the second temperature value corresponding to the thermal radiation value of each workpiece is calculated. When there are a total of 132 workpieces to be heat-treated, the temperature values ​​K of all workpieces are extracted. work 1~K work132. The workpiece temperature simulation method for a vacuum heating furnace provided in this embodiment of the invention sets an effective heating zone based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, reducing the number of temperature measuring elements required. A temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, the effective heating zone, and the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace. Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in the effective heating zone according to a preset stacking arrangement. The resulting temperature simulation calculation model is consistent with the actual arrangement of the vacuum heating furnace. Subsequently, the positions of temperature measuring points in the vacuum heating furnace are obtained, and corresponding temperature measuring point positions are set in the temperature simulation calculation model. The thermal radiation model, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the vacuum heating furnace components, and the temperature change parameters of the heating elements are set for the temperature simulation calculation model during heating simulation. Heating simulation is performed, achieving a temperature measuring point arrangement consistent with the actual vacuum heating furnace in the temperature simulation calculation model. Through the thermal radiation model, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the vacuum heating furnace components, and the temperature change parameters of the heating elements, the actual vacuum heating furnace is simulated to the greatest extent, providing theoretical support for accurately obtaining the temperature of each workpiece to be heat-treated.

[0084] Step S204: Several workpieces to be heat-treated are heated using a vacuum heating furnace to obtain a third temperature value at the temperature measurement point. For details, please refer to [link to details]. Figure 1 Step S104 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0085] Step S205: Based on the relationship between the first and third temperature values, the second temperature value is corrected to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S105 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0086] This embodiment provides a method for simulating the workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a workpiece temperature simulation method for a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0087] Step S301: Obtain the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S201 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0088] Step S302: Establish a temperature simulation calculation model based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and a preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0089] Step S303: A temperature simulation calculation model is used to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, obtaining the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S203 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0090] Step S304: A vacuum heating furnace is used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated to obtain the third temperature value at the temperature measurement point.

[0091] Specifically, step S304 includes:

[0092] Step S3041: Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in a vacuum heating furnace according to a preset stacking arrangement for heating, and the positions of temperature measuring points in the vacuum heating furnace are obtained. Specifically, the temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the actual vacuum heating furnace, so it is also necessary to conduct experiments according to the same stacking arrangement of the workpieces to be heat-treated and the same heating band temperature rise curve as in the temperature simulation calculation model.

[0093] Step S3042: Read the temperature of the temperature sensing element at each temperature measuring point to obtain the third temperature value at that point. Specifically, by reading the temperature values ​​of the temperature sensing elements at five temperature measuring points, the actual temperature values ​​at the five measuring points can be obtained, i.e., the third temperature value K. measure 1~K measure 5. As shown in Table 4 below:

[0094] Table 4

[0095]

[0096] Step S305: Based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value, the second temperature value is corrected to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0097] Specifically, step S305 includes:

[0098] Step S3051: Calculate the temperature deviation between the first temperature value and the third temperature value;

[0099] In an optional implementation, step S3051 includes:

[0100] Step a1: Calculate the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value, and take the average of the differences as the temperature deviation; specifically, based on the simulation temperature values ​​obtained from Table 2, i.e., the first temperature value K... simu 1~K simu 5 and the actual temperature value obtained from Table 3, i.e., the third temperature value K measure 1~K measure5. The difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value can be calculated, and their average value can be taken as the temperature difference. See Table 5 below:

[0101] Table 5

[0102]

[0103] or,

[0104] Step a2: Calculate the percentage deviation of the absolute value of the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value as the temperature deviation. Specifically, first calculate the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value, then divide the difference by the first temperature value to obtain the percentage deviation as the temperature deviation. For example, at temperature measuring point 1, the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value is -6.2℃, and its absolute value is 6.2℃. Dividing this by the first temperature value of 1231.1℃, the calculated percentage deviation is 0.5% as the temperature deviation.

[0105] Step S3052: Correct the second temperature value based on the temperature deviation to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. Specifically, the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment obtained in step S303 is corrected according to the temperature deviation. For example, the corrected temperature value of the workpiece at the center position is:

[0106] K work 66*=K work 66 + (-5.9) = 1223 + (-5.9) = 1217.1℃

[0107] The temperature correction method is the same for each workpiece after the remaining heat treatments. The corrected simulated workpiece temperature can be used as a basis for judging the actual heating effect of the workpiece.

[0108] The workpiece temperature simulation method for vacuum heating furnaces provided in this invention allows for the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated in an actual vacuum heating furnace, obtaining the actual temperature values ​​at the temperature measurement points. This provides data support for correcting the temperature simulation calculation model. By correcting the second temperature value through temperature deviation, the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment can be obtained, improving the accuracy of the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. The corrected temperature values ​​can be used to extract the effective heating area of ​​the vacuum heating furnace and the temperature distribution of all workpieces, yielding a complete temperature field.

[0109] This is one or more specific application embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a workpiece temperature simulation method for a vacuum heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0110] Step S401: Establish a temperature simulation calculation model in CFD software, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the temperature simulation calculation model includes: furnace wall, heat insulation screen, and heating belt. The materials, thickness, diameter, and other dimensions of each part are shown in Table 1. The furnace wall includes an inner furnace wall and an outer furnace wall. Cooling water flows between the two furnace walls to cool the outer furnace wall, preventing its temperature from becoming too high and causing safety issues. The function of the heat insulation screen is to reflect the heat from the heating belt back to the effective heating area inside the furnace cavity, minimizing heat transfer to the outside of the furnace and improving heating efficiency. Multiple layers of heat insulation screens are typically used; this embodiment uses five layers. The dimensions of the temperature simulation calculation model are consistent with the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace used. The stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated in the temperature simulation calculation model is consistent with the stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated in the vacuum heating furnace used. Workpieces to be heat-treated refer to objects that need to be heat-treated in the vacuum heating furnace, such as titanium alloy bars or stainless steel bars.

[0111] Step S402: Set the effective heating zone according to the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace used. There are a total of 132 workpieces to be heat treated. The workpieces to be heat treated are placed in the effective heating zone of the heating furnace in a rectangular stacking arrangement. The effective heating zone has dimensions of 600mm*600mm*900mm.

[0112] Step S403: Select the temperature measurement point position in the temperature simulation calculation model: Based on the actual temperature measurement point position of the vacuum heating furnace, set the temperature measurement point position in the temperature simulation calculation model that corresponds to the actual temperature measurement point position of the vacuum heating furnace, so that the temperature simulation calculation model and the actual temperature measurement point position of the vacuum heating furnace are consistent. As shown in Figure 8(a) and Figure 8(b), the temperature measurement point positions specified in the standard and the five temperature measurement point positions in the temperature simulation calculation model are obtained, where h = 600mm, b = 600mm, l = 900mm.

[0113] Step S404: Set up the temperature simulation calculation model for the thermal radiation model during heating simulation: In order to perform thermal radiation calculation of the vacuum heating furnace, the energy equation needs to be enabled and the thermal radiation model needs to be selected in the simulation calculation software Fluent. Based on the comparison of experimental data, the discrete coordinate radiation model is selected.

[0114] Step S405: Set the thermophysical properties of the materials corresponding to the inner furnace wall, outer furnace wall, heat insulation screen, heating belt and workpiece, including parameters such as density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and emissivity, as shown in Table 2.

[0115] Step S406: Set the temperature value of the heating zone as a function of time in the temperature simulation calculation model, i.e., the heating curve or process curve, such as... Figure 7As shown, the temperature is first raised from room temperature to 1250℃ at a constant heating rate for 90 minutes, and then held for 30 minutes. Different heating belts require different heat treatment properties, so the required heating and holding times are different and should be set according to specific needs.

[0116] In step S407, five monitoring points are set up according to the temperature measurement point locations obtained in step S403 to monitor the temperature.

[0117] Step S408: After the above steps are completed, the temperature simulation calculation model performs heating simulation calculations. Since the heating temperature changes over time, transient simulation calculations are required. The calculation time step is set to 0.5 minutes, and a total of 240 time steps are calculated.

[0118] Step S409: After the calculation is completed, obtain the temperature values ​​K from the 5 monitoring points. simu 1~K simu 5. As shown in Table 3, the discrete coordinate radiation model is used to calculate the thermal radiation of each workpiece in the temperature simulation model at a time step of 0.5 min, obtaining the thermal radiation value of each workpiece. The temperature value K of all workpieces is then obtained according to the conversion formula between thermal radiation and temperature values. work 1~K work 132.

[0119] Step S410: Conduct an actual heating test on the workpiece in a vacuum heating furnace. The temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the actual vacuum heating furnace; therefore, the test must be conducted using the same workpiece stacking method and the same heating band temperature rise curve as in the temperature simulation calculation model. Before the test, temperature measuring elements are arranged at 5 temperature measuring points according to standard requirements. Since 5 temperature measuring point positions are set in the temperature simulation calculation model, corresponding 5 temperature measuring point positions are also set in the actual vacuum heating furnace. A temperature measuring element, such as a thermocouple, is installed at each temperature measuring point to obtain the actual temperature values ​​at the 5 temperature measuring points, as shown in Table 4.

[0120] Step S411: Calculate the temperature deviation between the actual temperature value at the actual temperature measurement point of the actual vacuum heating furnace and the temperature value at the temperature measurement point in the temperature simulation calculation model. Calculate the difference between the temperature test values ​​obtained from the temperature measurement points set by the five actual vacuum heating furnaces and the temperature values ​​obtained from the five monitoring points in the temperature simulation calculation model. The differences are shown in Table 5. It can be found that the dispersion of each difference is small. Take the average value of the differences as the temperature deviation of the temperature values ​​obtained from the five monitoring points in the temperature simulation calculation model.

[0121] Step S412, correct the workpiece temperature value after heat treatment in the temperature simulation calculation model: Based on the temperature deviation obtained in step S411, the temperature values ​​K of all workpieces obtained in step S409 can be corrected.work 1~K work 132 is corrected, for example, the temperature value K of the workpiece at the center position. work 66 = 1223℃, then its corrected temperature value is K. work 66*=K work 66 + (-5.9) = 1223 + (-5.9) = 1217.1℃. The temperature correction method is the same for each workpiece after the remaining heat treatments. The corrected simulated workpiece temperature can be used as a basis for judging the actual heating effect of the workpiece.

[0122] This embodiment also provides a workpiece temperature simulation device for a vacuum heating furnace, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0123] This embodiment provides a workpiece temperature simulation device for a vacuum heating furnace, such as... Figure 9 As shown, it includes:

[0124] The acquisition module 901 is used to acquire the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat treated;

[0125] Module 902 is established to create a temperature simulation calculation model based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and a preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated.

[0126] The first temperature acquisition module 903 is used to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated using a temperature simulation calculation model, and to obtain the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0127] The second temperature acquisition module 904 is used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated using a vacuum heating furnace to obtain a third temperature value at the temperature measurement point.

[0128] The correction module 905 is used to correct the second temperature value based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value, so as to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0129] In some alternative implementations, the establishment module 902 includes:

[0130] The first setting unit is used to set the effective heating zone based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace;

[0131] A unit is established to create a temperature simulation calculation model based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, the effective heating zone, and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace. Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in the effective heating zone according to a preset stacking arrangement.

[0132] In some alternative implementations, the first temperature acquisition module 903 includes:

[0133] The acquisition unit is used to acquire the location of the temperature measuring point in the vacuum heating furnace;

[0134] The second setting unit is used to set the corresponding temperature measurement point position in the temperature simulation calculation model according to the temperature measurement point position.

[0135] The heating simulation unit is used to set up the temperature simulation calculation model to perform heating simulation, including the thermal radiation model, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace, and the temperature change parameters of the heating elements.

[0136] In some alternative implementations, the second temperature acquisition module 904 includes:

[0137] The heating acquisition unit is used to place several workpieces to be heat-treated in a vacuum heating furnace according to a preset stacking arrangement for heating, and to acquire the position of the temperature measuring point in the vacuum heating furnace.

[0138] The reading unit is used to read the temperature of the preset temperature sensing element at the temperature measuring point to obtain the third temperature value at the temperature measuring point.

[0139] In some alternative implementations, the correction module 905 includes:

[0140] The calculation unit is used to calculate the temperature deviation between the first temperature value and the third temperature value;

[0141] The correction unit is used to correct the second temperature value based on the temperature deviation to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

[0142] In some alternative implementations, the computing unit includes:

[0143] The first calculation unit is used to calculate the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value, and to take the average value of the difference as the temperature deviation.

[0144] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the percentage deviation of the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value as the temperature deviation.

[0145] Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as those in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In this embodiment, the vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation device is presented in the form of a functional unit. Here, a unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0147] This invention also provides a computer device having the above-described features. Figure 9 The device shown is a simulation device for workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace.

[0148] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the computer device includes one or more processors 10, memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The components communicate with each other via different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on external input / output devices (such as display devices coupled to the interfaces). In some alternative implementations, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 10 Take a processor 10 as an example.

[0149] Processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GDA), or any combination thereof.

[0150] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.

[0151] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0152] The memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0153] The computer device also includes an input device 30 and an output device 40. The processor 10, memory 20, input device 30, and output device 40 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 10 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0154] Input device 30 can receive input numerical or character information, and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the computer device, such as a touchscreen, keypad, mouse, trackpad, touchpad, joystick, one or more mouse buttons, trackball, joystick, etc. Output device 40 may include display devices, auxiliary lighting devices (e.g., LEDs), and haptic feedback devices (e.g., vibration motors). The aforementioned display devices include, but are not limited to, liquid crystal displays, light-emitting diodes, displays, and plasma displays. In some alternative embodiments, the display device may be a touchscreen.

[0155] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code, which, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, implements the methods shown in the above embodiments.

[0156] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating workpiece temperature in a vacuum heating furnace, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated; A temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. A temperature simulation calculation model was used to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated, and the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment were obtained. A vacuum heating furnace was used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated, and the third temperature value at the temperature measurement point was obtained. The second temperature value is corrected based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters of the vacuum heating furnace include: the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, A temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and a preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated, including: The effective heating zone is set based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace; A temperature simulation calculation model is established based on the structural dimensions of the vacuum heating furnace, the effective heating zone, and the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace. Several workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in the effective heating zone according to a preset stacking arrangement.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating simulation of several workpieces to be heat-treated using a temperature simulation calculation model includes: Obtain the location of the temperature measuring point in the vacuum heating furnace; Set the corresponding temperature measurement point position in the temperature simulation calculation model according to the temperature measurement point position; The temperature simulation calculation model is set to perform heating simulation by considering the thermal radiation model, the thermophysical properties of the materials of the components of the vacuum heating furnace, and the temperature change parameters of the heating elements.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several workpieces to be heat-treated were heated in a vacuum heating furnace, and the third temperature value at the temperature measurement point was obtained, including: The plurality of workpieces to be heat-treated are placed in a vacuum heating furnace according to a preset stacking arrangement for heating, and the positions of the temperature measuring points in the vacuum heating furnace are obtained; The temperature of the temperature sensing element at the temperature sensing point is read to obtain the third temperature value at the temperature sensing point.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value, the second temperature value is corrected to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment, including: Calculate the temperature deviation between the first temperature value and the third temperature value; The second temperature value is corrected based on the temperature deviation to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Calculating the temperature deviation between the first temperature value and the third temperature value includes: Calculate the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value, and take the average of the difference as the temperature deviation; Alternatively, the temperature deviation can be calculated as the percentage deviation of the absolute value of the difference between the third temperature value and the first temperature value.

8. A workpiece temperature simulation device for a vacuum heating furnace, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and the preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated; A module is established to create a temperature simulation calculation model based on the parameters of the vacuum heating furnace and a preset stacking arrangement of several workpieces to be heat-treated. The first temperature acquisition module is used to simulate the heating of several workpieces to be heat-treated using a temperature simulation calculation model, and to obtain the first temperature value at the temperature measurement point and the second temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment. The second temperature acquisition module is used to heat several workpieces to be heat-treated using a vacuum heating furnace to obtain a third temperature value at the temperature measurement point. The correction module is used to correct the second temperature value based on the relationship between the first temperature value and the third temperature value, so as to obtain the temperature value of each workpiece after heat treatment.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected and the memory stores computer instructions. The processor executes the computer instructions to perform the workpiece temperature simulation method for a vacuum heating furnace as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the vacuum heating furnace workpiece temperature simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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