High-precision arch mounting trolley and application thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a high-precision arch frame installation trolley, comprising a portal frame with an inner opening for tunnel machinery to pass through; several layers of side workbenches on both sides of the frame, each equipped with a lifting device; symmetrical lifting devices on the top of the frame; and a traveling device and a support device at the bottom of the frame. The lifting devices include a lifting frame with a ramp on its side and a horizontal work frame on its top. A cable reel is mounted on the ramp, with a cable passing through the horizontal work frame and its end hanging below it, with a hook at the end of the cable. The lifting device also includes a movable support with a lifting mechanism mounted on it, and a clamping device at the end of the extended rod of the lifting mechanism. This invention solves the problem of insufficient accuracy in arch frame lifting and displacement while achieving automatic linkage between arch frame lifting and transportation, improving construction efficiency and reducing construction risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drill-and-blast tunnel construction technology, and in particular relates to a high-precision arch frame installation trolley and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In drill-and-blast tunnel construction, steel arch frames need to be assembled. Initially, there are no corresponding support points, and each individual steel arch frame is quite heavy, requiring multiple people to work together to lift two frames for installation. This process involves significant manual labor, insufficient lifting stability, and is highly dangerous. Furthermore, with the development of transportation, tunnel cross-sections are becoming increasingly larger, and the cross-section and weight of tunnel arch frames are gradually increasing, placing higher demands on arch frame installation capabilities. However, current arch frame installation trolleys, when using robotic arms, cannot perform fine-tuning adjustments over small distances, resulting in problems with precise alignment between the robotic arms, affecting arch frame installation, and incurring high equipment operating and maintenance costs. Without robotic arms, a large amount of manual labor is required, leading to low construction efficiency and poor installation accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing tunnel arch frame installation trolleys. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and propose a high-precision arch frame installation trolley and its application.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A high-precision arch frame installation trolley includes a portal frame with a portal opening on the inner side for mechanical equipment to pass through the tunnel; several layers of side worktables are provided on both sides of the frame, a lifting device is installed on the side worktables, a lifting device is symmetrically installed on the top of the frame, and a walking device and a support device are installed at the bottom of the frame.

[0006] The lifting device includes a lifting frame, a ramp frame on the side of the lifting frame, a horizontal working frame on the top, a cable reel on the ramp frame, a cable on the cable reel passing through the horizontal working frame and hanging down below the horizontal working frame at its end, and a hook at the end of the cable.

[0007] The horizontal work frame includes two parallel work frame sections arranged on the left and right, forming an arch frame position adjustment space between the two work frame sections; the horizontal work frame is equipped with fixed rollers and movable rollers for supporting cables, wherein the fixed rollers are located on the side closer to the inclined frame and the movable rollers are located on the side away from the inclined frame.

[0008] Fixed rollers are mounted on the lifting frame via fixed roller brackets, and movable rollers are mounted on the lifting frame via movable roller brackets that slide horizontally. Meanwhile, a movable roller bracket drive mechanism is provided on the horizontal working frame to drive the movable roller brackets to move horizontally; an arched frame lifting drive mechanism is mounted on the platform to drive the cable reel to perform cable winding and unwinding actions.

[0009] The lifting device includes a movable support, on which a lifting mechanism is installed. A clamping device is installed at the end of the extension rod of the lifting mechanism. A support pulley is installed at the lower part of the movable support. A groove that cooperates with the support pulley is provided on the worktable. A horizontal drive mechanism for driving the movable support to slide horizontally along the groove is installed on the worktable.

[0010] Furthermore, a top worktable is provided at the top of the frame, and a lifting device is installed on the top worktable.

[0011] Furthermore, the walking device includes a wheel frame mounted on the bottom crossbeam of the platform, and walking wheels are mounted on the wheel frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a vertically arranged hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the support device includes extension frames symmetrically arranged on the outside of the platform, and a support leg is installed at the lower end of each extension frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the outrigger includes a support cylinder with its piston rod facing downwards and a fixed ground pad at the lower end of the piston rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the chute is positioned near the edge of the worktable.

[0016] A construction method using the above-mentioned arch frame installation trolley includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Assemble and adjust the platform frame, transport the precast arch frame structure to the trolley position, and use the arch frame lifting system to lift the precast arch frame to the design height.

[0018] S2. Retract the hydraulic rod of the arch frame lifting device and place the arch frame at the predetermined position above the lifting device;

[0019] S3. Restart the arch frame lifting drive mechanism on the upper part of the trolley, lower the arch frame segment connecting flange onto the lifting equipment support frame, and fix it in place with clamps;

[0020] S4. Based on the positioning mileage at the rear of the trolley and the mileage data of the arch frame to be installed, the central information processor calculates the travel mileage of the lifting equipment and uses the horizontal drive mechanism on the workbench to drive the lifting equipment to complete the initial horizontal positioning of the arch frame.

[0021] S5. Using the laser rangefinder on the platform and the signal calibration area on the jacking equipment, the height of each arch node in the initial stage is determined. The central information processor calculates the vertical travel distance of each jacking device according to the designed height of the arch connection flange node. Through the servo hydraulic control system, multiple points coordinate to control each jacking device to perform jacking actions, so as to complete the precise positioning of the vertical nodes of the arch.

[0022] S6. Reinforcement measures for the arch frame to be installed during construction, and complete the installation of the arch frame.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] This invention features hydraulic outriggers on the outer side of the platform, enabling the trolley to level itself, improving its terrain adaptability, and ensuring the stable operation and precise positioning of the upper components. By employing a multi-point hydraulically coordinated lifting device, integrating horizontal transport and vertical lifting of the arch frame onto a single machine, the stability of the arch frame's operation is improved, allowing for rapid equipment replacement and reducing the burden on subsequent maintenance. The chutes on the trolley's working platform address the insufficient precision of arch frame lifting and displacement, while achieving automatic linkage between arch frame lifting and transport, reducing manual handling personnel, improving construction efficiency, and lowering construction risks. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the hoisting arch frame in this invention.

[0027] Figure 2 A frontal view of the hoisting arch frame in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device in this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lifting device after the hook is raised;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the arch frame lifting drive mechanism in this invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support device portion in this invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the walking device part in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the lifting device portion in this invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device and the slide groove in the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] A high-precision arch frame installation trolley, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the system includes a portal frame 1 with a portal opening 2 on its inner side for passage of mechanical equipment within the tunnel. The overall height, width, length, and portal opening dimensions of the portal frame are determined based on factors such as the tunnel cross-section and design advance. Several layers of side work platforms 3 are provided on both sides of the platform, with lifting devices 4 installed on the side work platforms. Lifting devices 5 are symmetrically installed on the top of the platform, and a traveling device 6 and a support device 7 are installed at the bottom of the platform.

[0040] The lifting device includes a lifting frame 8, a ramp frame 9 on the side of the lifting frame, a horizontal working frame 10 on the top, a cable reel 11 on the ramp frame, a cable 12 on the cable reel passing through the horizontal working frame and hanging down below the horizontal working frame at the end, and a hook 13 at the end of the cable.

[0041] The horizontal work frame includes two parallel work frame sections 14, each with a cantilever section 15 extending outward from the main structure of the lifting frame, forming an arch frame position adjustment space 16 between the two work frame sections (cantilever sections); the horizontal work frame is equipped with fixed rollers 17 and movable rollers 18 for supporting cables, wherein the fixed rollers are located on the side closer to the inclined frame, and the movable rollers are located on the side away from the inclined frame;

[0042] Fixed rollers are mounted on the lifting frame via fixed wheel brackets, while movable rollers are mounted on the lifting frame via movable wheel brackets that slide horizontally. A movable wheel bracket drive mechanism is provided on the horizontal working frame to drive the movable wheel brackets horizontally. An arch-frame lifting drive mechanism is mounted on the platform to drive the cable reel for cable winding and unwinding. The movable wheel bracket drive mechanism can be a horizontally arranged hydraulic cylinder 19, with its hydraulic rod connected to the movable wheel bracket at its front end. The position of the movable wheel bracket (moving rollers) is adjusted by extending and retracting the hydraulic rod. The arch-frame lifting drive mechanism can be a lifting motor 20, which drives a drive rod 32 via a conveyor belt 33, thereby causing the drive rod to rotate the cable reel.

[0043] The lifting device includes a movable support 21, on which a lifting mechanism 22 is mounted. A clamping device 23 is mounted at the end of the extension rod of the lifting mechanism. A support pulley 24 is mounted on the lower part of the movable support. A groove 25, which mates with the support pulley, is provided on the worktable. A horizontal drive mechanism for driving the movable support to slide horizontally along the groove is also mounted on the worktable. Typically, based on the design location of the steel arch node of the initial tunnel support structure, a groove for the lifting equipment to move longitudinally along the tunnel is set at a corresponding position on the trolley's worktable.

[0044] Typically, the aforementioned slide rail is positioned near the edge of the worktable. For example, the horizontal drive mechanism can be a horizontal drive cylinder that pushes the movable support in a linear motion, or a servo motor that drives the support pulleys; any mechanism capable of driving the support pulleys to move along the slide rail to achieve position adjustment is acceptable and will not be elaborated further.

[0045] In one optional embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a vertically arranged hydraulic cylinder, and the lifting operation is achieved by the upward extension of the cylinder rod. In another optional embodiment, the clamping device includes grippers and a clamping cylinder for controlling the opening and closing of the grippers. By tightening the clamping cylinder, the arch frame 31 can be clamped to facilitate the installation of the arch frame.

[0046] The installation trolley also includes a positioning system and a central information processor. Specifically, the positioning system includes a 3D laser rangefinder mounted on the outside of the trolley, and three signal calibration points at the bottom of the trolley for precise alignment of the trolley's longitudinal mileage and leveling of the trolley's own platform. Additionally, a signal calibration area is located at the top of the lifting equipment. The central information processor, in conjunction with other systems and devices, centrally processes feedback data from each system and issues relevant commands, achieving a high degree of automation.

[0047] A top worktable is provided at the top of the frame, and the lifting device is installed on the top worktable. Preferably, the upper part of the arch frame lifting device extends upwards outwards from the trolley to avoid collision between the arch frame and the trolley during the lifting process. When the arch frame is lifted to the highest position, the hydraulic rod of the arch frame lifting device retracts, and the moving rollers move along the horizontal work frame at the top of the lifting frame, moving the arch frame above the lifting device. The operation is very convenient, time-saving, labor-saving, and highly automated.

[0048] The aforementioned walking device includes a wheel frame 26 mounted on the bottom crossbeam of the platform, with walking wheels 27 mounted on the wheel frame. The walking wheels can be driven by a walking drive motor to realize the movement and adjustment of the trolley. This trolley can be designed in a four-wheel travel mode, that is, two sets of walking wheels symmetrically arranged on the front side of the platform are driving wheels, and two sets of walking wheels symmetrically arranged on the rear side are driven wheels. The front walking wheels can be driven by a walking wheel drive motor to realize the forward movement of the trolley.

[0049] The aforementioned support device includes symmetrically arranged extension frames 28 on the outer side of the platform, with outriggers mounted at the lower end of each extension frame. When the trolley moves, the hydraulic outriggers retract, and the weight of the platform structure is borne by the travel wheels. When the trolley is installing the arch frame, the hydraulic outriggers extend, lifting the trolley and causing the travel wheels to lift off the ground, thus stabilizing the platform, leveling the platform as a whole, and reducing damage to the travel wheels. For example, the outriggers include a support cylinder 29 with its piston rod facing downwards, and a fixed ground pad 30 is provided at the lower end of the piston rod.

[0050] A construction method using the above-mentioned arch frame installation trolley includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. After assembling the platform, position and level the platform as a whole. Then transport the precast arch frame structure to the trolley position and use the arch frame lifting system to lift the precast arch frame to the design height.

[0052] S2. Retract the hydraulic rod of the arch frame lifting device and place the arch frame at the predetermined position above the lifting device;

[0053] S3. Restart the arch frame lifting drive mechanism on the upper part of the trolley, lower the arch frame segment connecting flange onto the lifting equipment support frame, and fix it in place with clamps;

[0054] S4. Based on the positioning mileage at the rear of the trolley and the mileage data of the arch frame to be installed, the central information processor calculates the travel mileage of the lifting equipment and uses the horizontal drive mechanism on the workbench to drive the lifting equipment to complete the initial horizontal positioning of the arch frame.

[0055] S5. Using the laser rangefinder on the platform and the signal calibration area on the lifting equipment, the height of each arch node in the initial stage is determined. The laser rangefinder mentioned above is a three-dimensional laser rangefinder, which can be used in conjunction with the lifting equipment and the calibration point on the trolley to complete the positioning of the equipment through geometric measurement. The central information processor calculates the vertical travel distance of each lifting device according to the designed height of the arch connection flange node, and through the servo hydraulic control system, controls each lifting device to perform lifting actions in a multi-point coordinated manner to complete the precise positioning of the vertical nodes of the arch.

[0056] S6. Reinforcement measures for the arch frame to be installed during construction, and complete the installation of the arch frame.

[0057] Repeat steps S1 to S6 to complete the assembly of the arch frame structure within the trolley range;

[0058] Then, the central information processor is used to calculate the distance between the next cycle arch trolley mileage and the current mileage, the four hydraulic outriggers around the trolley are retracted, the trolley travel wheel drive motor is started, and the trolley is controlled to travel to the target mileage.

[0059] Then extend each of the support legs on the outside of the platform and make the fixed ground pads stably support the ground. Then use a laser rangefinder to measure the height of three signal points on the trolley. Based on the minimum measured height of the three signal points, adjust the height of the support legs of the other three points to complete the overall leveling of the trolley, and then continue the installation of the arch frame.

[0060] Repeat steps 1 through 8 to complete the assembly of the tunnel's arch structure.

[0061] This invention features hydraulic outriggers on the outer side of the platform, enabling the trolley to level itself, improving its terrain adaptability, and ensuring the stable operation and precise positioning of the upper components. The use of a multi-point hydraulically coordinated lifting device, integrating horizontal transport and vertical lifting of the arch frame onto a single machine, improves the stability of the arch frame's operation, allows for rapid equipment replacement, and reduces the burden on subsequent maintenance. The chutes on the trolley's working platform address the insufficient precision of arch frame lifting and displacement, while achieving automatic linkage between arch frame lifting and transport, reducing manual handling personnel, improving construction efficiency, and lowering construction risks. Furthermore, the hardware structure design of this invention can be applied to the modification of existing platforms, extending the service life of existing equipment, significantly reducing equipment costs, and has significant promotional value and good social benefits.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision arch frame installation trolley, characterized in that: The platform includes a portal frame structure with a portal opening on the inner side for mechanical equipment to pass through the tunnel; several layers of side work platforms are provided on both sides of the platform, a lifting device is installed on the side work platforms, a lifting device is symmetrically installed on the top of the platform, and a walking device and a support device are installed on the lower part of the platform. The lifting device includes a lifting frame, a ramp frame on the side of the lifting frame, a horizontal working frame on the top, a cable reel on the ramp frame, a cable on the cable reel passing through the horizontal working frame and hanging down below the horizontal working frame at its end, and a hook at the end of the cable. The horizontal work frame includes two parallel work frame sections arranged on the left and right, forming an arch frame position adjustment space between the two work frame sections; the horizontal work frame is equipped with fixed rollers and movable rollers for supporting cables, wherein the fixed rollers are located on the side closer to the inclined frame and the movable rollers are located on the side away from the inclined frame. Fixed rollers are mounted on the lifting frame via fixed roller brackets, and movable rollers are mounted on the lifting frame via movable roller brackets that slide horizontally. Meanwhile, a movable roller bracket drive mechanism is provided on the horizontal working frame to drive the movable roller brackets to move horizontally; an arched frame lifting drive mechanism is mounted on the platform to drive the cable reel to perform cable winding and unwinding actions. The lifting device includes a movable support, on which a lifting mechanism is installed. A clamping device is installed at the end of the extension rod of the lifting mechanism. A support pulley is installed at the lower part of the movable support. A groove that cooperates with the support pulley is provided on the worktable. A horizontal drive mechanism for driving the movable support to slide horizontally along the groove is installed on the worktable.

2. The high-precision arch frame installation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the frame is equipped with a top worktable, and the lifting device is installed on the top worktable.

3. The high-precision arch frame installation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking device includes a wheel frame mounted on the bottom crossbeam of the platform, and walking wheels are mounted on the wheel frame.

4. The high-precision arch frame installation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes vertically arranged hydraulic cylinders.

5. The high-precision arch frame installation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support device includes extension frames symmetrically arranged on the outside of the platform, and each extension frame is equipped with a support leg at its lower end.

6. The high-precision arch frame installation trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outrigger includes a support cylinder with its piston rod facing downwards and a fixed ground pad at the lower end of the piston rod.

7. A high-precision arch frame installation trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chute is located near the edge of the workbench.

8. A construction method for an arch frame installation trolley as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Assemble and adjust the platform frame, transport the precast arch frame structure to the trolley position, and use the arch frame lifting system to lift the precast arch frame to the design height. S2. Retract the hydraulic rod of the arch frame lifting device and place the arch frame in the predetermined position above the lifting device; S3. Restart the arch frame lifting drive mechanism on the upper part of the trolley, lower the arch frame segment connecting flange onto the lifting equipment support frame, and fix it in place with clamps; S4. Based on the positioning mileage at the rear of the trolley and the mileage data of the arch frame to be installed, the central information processor calculates the travel mileage of the lifting equipment and uses the horizontal drive mechanism on the workbench to drive the lifting equipment to complete the initial horizontal positioning of the arch frame. S5. Using the laser rangefinder on the platform and the signal calibration area on the jacking equipment, the height of each arch node in the initial stage is determined. The central information processor calculates the vertical travel distance of each jacking device according to the designed height of the arch connection flange node. Through the servo hydraulic control system, multiple points coordinate to control each jacking device to perform jacking actions, so as to complete the precise positioning of the vertical nodes of the arch. S6. Reinforcement measures for the arch frame to be installed during construction, and complete the installation of the arch frame.

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