Electronic geological compass and method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains

Abstract

This invention provides an electronic geological compass and method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains. The geological compass includes a data processing recorder, a dip compensation rotating device, and an angle measurement sensing rod system. The dip compensation rotating device is rotatably mounted on the front end of the electronic compass data processing recorder, and the angle measurement sensing rod system is rotatably mounted on the dip compensation knob device. The internal components of the data processing recorder include a three-dimensional electronic compass, an angle sensor signal processing component, and a data processing integrated circuit. The dip compensation knob device includes an angle sensing knob and a rod fixing connector. The angle measurement sensing rod system includes a first angle sensing shaft, an adjustable telescopic rod, a second angle sensing shaft, and a rock surface contact plate. This invention can be used for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains that are difficult for humans to access, improving the safety of surveyors, and the measurement process is simple, playing a positive role in improving the efficiency of geological surveying work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological surveying and mapping technology, and in particular relates to an electronic geological compass and method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains. Background Technology

[0002] The attitude of rock strata is a general term for the state and orientation of rock strata in space. The occurrence of flat rock strata can be horizontal, inclined, or vertical. Except for horizontal rock strata, which occur horizontally, the attitude of all inclined rock strata is represented by their strike, dip direction, and dip angle, which are called the three elements of rock strata attitude.

[0003] A geological compass is a tool used to determine the direction of the Earth's magnetic field and measure the dip and tilt characteristics of rock strata. The commonly used disc-shaped geological compass mainly includes a horizontal orientation structure and a vertical angle measurement structure, and is often used in geological exploration, geological survey, mine exploration, geological disaster prevention and control and other fields.

[0004] Traditional geological compasses require two levelsing and calibration adjustments and two readings during measurement, making the process cumbersome. Typically, one person takes the readings while another records them. Furthermore, traditional compass measurements must be performed handheld on the rock surface, which is difficult and risky when measuring the attitude of steep, inaccessible rock formations. Therefore, an electronic geological compass and method suitable for measuring the attitude of rock formations in steep mountains were designed to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electronic geological compass and method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, which can solve the problems of cumbersome rock strata attitude measurement in field geological work and the difficulty in operation of rock strata attitude measurement in steep mountains.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains. The geological compass includes a data processing recorder, a dip compensation knob device, and an angle measurement sensing rod system.

[0007] The data processing recorder includes a housing assembly and internal components. The internal components include an angle sensor signal processing unit, a three-dimensional electronic compass, and a data processing integrated circuit. The angle sensor signal processing unit and the three-dimensional electronic compass are respectively communicatively connected to the data processing integrated circuit.

[0008] The tilt compensation rotation device includes a connecting shaft, a first rotary encoder, and a fixed rod connector. The connecting shaft is rotatably mounted on the front end of the housing assembly of the electronic compass data processor. The rotary encoder is rigidly connected to the connecting shaft, and the bottom of the fixed rod connector is rigidly connected to the first rotary encoder. The first rotary encoder is communicatively connected to the angle sensor signal processing component.

[0009] The angle measurement sensing rod system includes a first angle sensing shaft, an adjustable telescopic sleeve, a second angle sensing shaft, and a rock surface contact plate. The first and second angle sensing shafts are respectively fixed at both ends of the adjustable telescopic sleeve. One end of the adjustable telescopic sleeve is rotatably connected to the fixed rod connector via the first angle sensing shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rock surface contact plate via the second angle sensing shaft. Both the first and second angle sensing shafts are communicatively connected to the angle sensor signal processing component.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The first angle sensing shaft and the second angle sensing shaft have the same structure, both including a shaft body and two sets of sensor assemblies symmetrically arranged at both ends of the shaft body. Each set of sensor assemblies includes a base, a second rotary encoder and a return spring pin. The rotary encoder is externally mounted on the outside of the base and rotates coaxially with the base. The return spring pin is internally mounted on the inside of the base to control the shaft body to return to its initial position. The second rotary encoders of the first angle sensing shaft and the second angle sensing shaft are respectively communicatively connected to the angle sensor signal processing component.

[0011] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the housing assembly includes a housing, on which are provided operation keys, a display screen, a USB interface and a component shaft connection hole, the lower end of the connection shaft being embedded in the component shaft connection hole; the angle sensor signal processing component, the three-dimensional electronic compass and the data processing integrated circuit are respectively connected to the display screen and the USB interface.

[0012] The preferred technical solution of this invention is as follows: The first rotary encoder, the first angle sensing shaft, and the second angle sensing shaft respectively record the rotation angle α of the adjustable telescopic sleeve, the angle β between the adjustable telescopic sleeve and the data processing recorder, and the rotation angle γ of the rock surface contact plate along the adjustable telescopic sleeve. The signal data is then converted into angle data and transmitted to the data processing integrated circuit via the angle sensor signal processing component. The three-dimensional electronic compass compensates for the angle A between the data processing recorder and the geomagnetic north pole, and the angle δ between the data processing recorder and the horizontal plane. The angle data signals are then transmitted to the data processing integrated circuit. The data processing integrated circuit calculates the dip angle and dip direction of the rock surface to be measured according to the following formulas, the calculation process of which is as follows:

[0013] The dip angle of the rock surface to be measured = β + γ + δ;

[0014] The dip of the rock surface to be measured = 360° - (A + α);

[0015] Wherein: when the compensating rotating device rotates counterclockwise, α is negative;

[0016] When rotating clockwise, α is positive; when at the initial position, α is 0.

[0017] A is the angle between the data processing recorder and the geomagnetic north pole;

[0018] δ is the angle between the data processing recorder and the horizontal plane.

[0019] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The base of the two sets of sensor assemblies of the first angle sensing shaft is rigidly connected to the lower end of the adjustable telescopic sleeve adjacent to the inclination compensation rotation device. The lower part of the fixed rod connector is rigidly fixed to the first rotary encoder and can rotate with the rotary encoder around the connecting shaft. The upper part of the fixed rod connector is sleeved on the shaft body of the first angle sensing shaft and can rotate along the shaft body. The base of the two sets of sensor assemblies of the second angle sensing shaft is rigidly connected to the upper end of the adjustable telescopic sleeve adjacent to the rock surface contact plate. The bottom of the rock surface contact plate is sleeved on the shaft body of the second angle sensing shaft, so that the rock surface contact plate can rotate around the shaft.

[0020] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention also provides a method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, characterized in that the method uses the aforementioned electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Rotate and adjust the fixed rod connector to align it with the long side of the data processing recorder, and check and adjust each component of the angle measurement sensor rod system to the initial position parallel to the data processing recorder.

[0022] S2. Zero-calibrate each sensing angle data of the electronic geological compass;

[0023] S3. Adjust the length of the adjustable telescopic sleeve so that the rock surface contact plate reaches the height of the rock surface where the rock layer to be measured is located;

[0024] S4. Hold the data processing recorder flat and place the bottom of the rock surface contact plate against the bottom of the rock surface where the rock layer to be tested is located. The rock surface contact plate will fit tightly against the rock surface to be tested.

[0025] S5. If the rock surface where the rock stratum to be measured is located is not directly above the surveyor, and the surveyor is unable to move or has limited space, the rotation tendency compensation rotation device makes the rock surface contact plate face the rock surface to be measured, and the bottom end of the rock surface contact plate abuts against the bottom of the rock surface where the rock stratum to be measured is located. Under the action of the reset spring pin, it fits tightly against the rock surface to be measured.

[0026] S6. After completing the above operations as required, the dip compensation rotation device, the first angle sensing shaft, and the second angle sensing shaft of the electronic geological compass all undergo angular changes. The rotary encoders inside the dip compensation rotation device and the two angle sensing shafts convert the displacement signals generated by the rotation into current signals and output them to the sensor signal processing unit. The sensor signal processing unit converts the three current signals into angle data, which can adjust the rotation angle α of the telescopic sleeve, the angle β between the adjustable telescopic sleeve and the data processing recorder, and the rotation angle γ of the rock surface contact plate along the adjustable telescopic sleeve. The angle data α, β, and γ are then transmitted to the data processing integrated circuit. At the same time, the three-dimensional compass transmits two sets of data—the angle A between the data processing recorder and the geomagnetic north pole, and the angle δ between the data processing recorder and the horizontal direction, obtained through magnetoresistive sensing—to the data processing integrated circuit. The data processing integrated circuit uses the above data to calculate the dip angle and dip direction of the rock surface to be measured using the following angle conversion formula:

[0027] The dip angle of the rock surface to be measured = β + γ + δ;

[0028] The dip of the rock surface to be measured = 360° - (A + α);

[0029] Wherein: when the compensating rotating device rotates counterclockwise, α is negative;

[0030] When rotating clockwise, α is positive; when at the initial position, α is 0.

[0031] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the sensor signal processing component transmits angle data α, β, γ to the display screen on the housing assembly; the three-dimensional compass transmits angle data A and δ to the display screen on the housing assembly; the data processing integrated circuit transmits the calculated results to the display screen on the housing assembly; and the display screen displays the basic angle data and the calculated dip and dip angle results of the rock strata to be measured.

[0032] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the angle data processed by the sensor signal processing component and the three-dimensional compass, as well as the dip and dip angle of the rock layer to be measured calculated by the data processing integrated circuit, can be saved and numbered. After the attitude measurement of other rock layers is completed, all measurement data can be exported through the USB interface.

[0033] This invention relates to an electronic geological compass suitable for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, comprising a data processing recorder, a dip compensation rotating device, and an angle measurement sensing rod system; the dip compensation rotating device is installed at the front end of the electronic compass data processing recorder and is connected by a rotating shaft; the angle measurement sensing rod system is installed on the dip compensation knob device, and the angle measurement sensing rod system and the dip compensation knob device are connected by a rotating shaft.

[0034] The tilt compensation of the three-dimensional electronic compass enables the data processing recorder to obtain the angle A between the horizontal orientation and true north (N pole) and the tilt angle δ in the vertical direction without horizontal calibration.

[0035] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] When used, the geological compass of this invention can be used to measure the attitude of rock strata in high and steep mountains that are difficult for people to reach, which improves environmental applicability and reduces the safety risks for surveyors. During measurement, the electronic compass data processing recorder only needs to be held upright in hand without deliberate leveling. By processing the obtained data, the attitude of the rock strata can be measured and the results can be saved in the recorder, saving the workload of compass leveling and recording, and playing a positive role in improving the efficiency of geological surveying. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the data processing recorder in this invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined compensation rotation device in this invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the angle measurement sensing rod system in this invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the angle sensor shaft in this invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of tilt angle conversion in this invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of tilt angle conversion in this invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of data interaction among internal components of the data processing recorder in this invention;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a control principle diagram of the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1-Data processing recorder; 11-Internal components; 111-Sensor signal processing unit; 112-3D electronic compass; 113-Data processing integrated circuit; 12-Housing assembly; 120-Housing; 121-Operation keys; 122-USB interface; 123-Display screen; 124-Component shaft connection hole; 2-Tendency compensation rotation device; 21-Connecting shaft; 22-Rotary encoder; 23-Fixed rod connector; 3-Angle measurement sensing rod system; 31-First angle sensing shaft; 32-Adjustable telescopic sleeve; 33-Second angle sensing shaft; 34-Rock surface contact plate; 330-Shaft body; 331-Base; 332-Second rotary encoder; 333-Reset spring pin; 111-Angle sensor signal processing unit; 112-3D electronic compass; 113-Data processing integrated circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1 provides an electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a data processing recorder 1, a tilt compensation rotary device 2, and an angle measurement sensing rod system 3; the tilt compensation knob device 2 is installed at the front end of the electronic compass data processing unit 1 and connected via a rotating shaft; the angle measurement sensing rod system 3 is installed on the upper part of the tilt compensation knob device 2 and connected via a rotating shaft; as shown... Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the data processing recorder 1 includes a housing assembly 12 and internal components 11. The internal components 11 include an angle sensor signal processing component 111, a three-dimensional electronic compass 112, and a data processing integrated circuit 113. The housing assembly 12 includes a housing 120, on which are provided an operation key 121, a display screen 122, a USB interface 123, and a component shaft connection hole 124.

[0051] Example 1 provides an electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the tilt compensation rotation device 2 includes a connecting shaft 21, a first rotary encoder 22, and a fixed rod connector 23. The connecting shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the housing assembly 12 of the electronic compass data processor 1. The rotary encoder 22 is rigidly connected to the connecting shaft 21. The bottom of the fixed rod connector 23 is rigidly connected to the first rotary encoder 22. The lower end of the connecting shaft 21 is embedded in the component shaft connection hole 124.

[0052] Example 1 provides an electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, such as... Figure 1 like Figure 6 As shown, the angle measurement sensing rod system 3 includes a first angle sensing shaft 31, an adjustable telescopic sleeve 32, a second angle sensing shaft 33, and a rock surface contact plate 34. The first angle sensing shaft 31 and the second angle sensing shaft 33 are respectively fixed to both ends of the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32. One end of the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32 is rotatably connected to the fixed rod connector 23 via the first angle sensing shaft 31, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rock surface contact plate 34 via the second angle sensing shaft 33. The first angle sensing shaft 31 and the second angle sensing shaft 33 have the same structure, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 As shown, the angle sensing shaft includes a shaft body 330 and two sets of sensor assemblies symmetrically arranged at both ends of the shaft body 330. Each set of sensor assemblies includes a base 331, a second rotary encoder 332 and a reset spring pin 333. The rotary encoder 332 is externally mounted on the outside of the base 331 and rotates coaxially with the base 331. The reset spring pin 333 is internally mounted on the inside of the base 331 to control the shaft body 330 to reset to the initial position.

[0053] Example 1 provides an electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the base 331 of the two sets of sensor assemblies of the first angle sensing shaft 31 is rigidly connected to the lower end of the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32 adjacent to the tilt compensation rotating device 2. The lower part of the fixed rod connector 23 is rigidly fixed to the first rotary encoder 22 and can rotate with the rotary encoder 22 around the connecting shaft 21. The upper part of the fixed rod connector is sleeved on the shaft body 330 of the first angle sensing shaft 31 and can rotate along the shaft body 330. The base 331 of the two sets of sensor assemblies of the second angle sensing shaft 33 is rigidly connected to the upper end of the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32 adjacent to the rock surface contact plate 34. The bottom of the rock surface contact plate 34 is sleeved on the shaft body 330 of the second angle sensing shaft 33, so that the rock surface contact plate 34 can rotate around the axis.

[0054] The electronic geological compass used for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains in Example 1, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the angle sensor signal processing unit 111 and the three-dimensional electronic compass 112 are respectively connected to the data processing integrated circuit 113; the first rotary encoder 22 is connected to the angle sensor signal processing unit 111; the second rotary encoder 332 of the first angle sensing shaft 31 and the second angle sensing shaft 33 are respectively connected to the angle sensor signal processing unit 111; the angle sensor signal processing unit 111, the three-dimensional electronic compass 112, and the data processing integrated circuit 113 are all connected to the display screen 122 and the USB interface 123. The first rotary encoder 22 and the second rotary encoder 332 of the first angle sensing shaft 31 and the second angle sensing shaft 33 respectively record the rotation angle α signal of the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32, the angle β signal between the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32 and the data processing recorder 1, and the rotation angle γ signal of the rock surface contact plate 34 along the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32. The signal data is converted into angle data by the angle sensor signal processing component 111 and then transmitted to the data processing integrated circuit 113. The three-dimensional electronic compass 112 compensates for the angle A between the data processing recorder 1 and the geomagnetic north pole and the angle δ between the data processing recorder 1 and the horizontal plane, and transmits the angle data signals to the data processing integrated circuit 113. The data processing integrated circuit 113 calculates the dip angle and dip direction of the rock surface to be measured according to the following formulas, and the calculation process is as follows:

[0055] The dip angle of the rock surface to be measured is β + γ + δ; the dip direction of the rock surface to be measured is 360° - (A + α). When the dip compensation rotating device 2 rotates counterclockwise, α is negative; when it rotates clockwise, α is positive; when it is in the initial position, α is 0. Thus, the dip direction and dip angle of the rock strata are obtained.

[0056] Example 2 provides a method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains. This method targets a specific steep rock mass and uses the electronic geological compass described in Example 1 for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains. The specific measurement process is as follows:

[0057] S1. Rotate and adjust the fixed rod connector 23 to be in the same direction as the long side of the data processing recorder 1, and check and adjust each component of the angle measurement sensor rod system 3 to the initial position that is parallel to the data processing recorder 1.

[0058] S2. Press the zeroing button in operation key 121 to zero-calibrate the sensor angle data;

[0059] S3. Adjust the length of the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32 so that the rock surface contact plate 34 reaches the height of the rock surface where the rock layer to be measured is located;

[0060] S4. Flatten the data processing recorder 1 and place the bottom end of the rock surface contact plate 34 against the bottom of the rock surface where the rock layer to be tested is located. The rock surface contact plate 34 will fit tightly against the rock surface to be tested.

[0061] S5. If the rock surface where the rock layer to be measured is located is not directly above the surveyor, and the surveyor is unable to move or has limited space, the rotation tendency compensation rotating device 2 makes the rock surface contact plate 34 face the rock surface to be measured, and the bottom end of the rock surface contact plate 34 abuts against the bottom of the rock surface where the rock layer to be measured is located. Under the action of the reset spring pin 333, it fits tightly against the rock surface to be measured.

[0062] S6. After completing the above operations as required, the dip compensation rotation device 2, the first angle sensing shaft 31, and the second angle sensing shaft 33 of the electronic geological compass all undergo angular changes. The rotary encoders in the dip compensation rotation device 2 and the two angle sensing shafts convert the displacement signals generated by the rotation into current signals and output them to the sensor signal processing unit 111. The sensor signal processing unit 111 converts the three current signals into angle data, which can adjust the rotation angle α of the telescopic sleeve 32, the angle β between the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32 and the data processing recorder 1, and the rotation angle γ of the rock surface contact plate 34 along the adjustable telescopic sleeve 32. The angle data α, β, and γ are then transmitted to the data processing integrated circuit 113. At the same time, the three-dimensional compass 112 transmits two sets of data, namely the angle A between the data processing recorder 1 and the geomagnetic north pole and the angle δ between the data processing recorder 1 and the horizontal direction, obtained through magnetoresistive sensing, to the data processing integrated circuit 113. The data processing integrated circuit 113 uses the above data to calculate the dip angle and dip direction of the rock surface to be measured using the following angle conversion formula:

[0063] The dip angle of the rock surface to be measured = β + γ + δ;

[0064] The dip of the rock surface to be measured = 360° - (A + α);

[0065] Wherein: when the compensating rotating device rotates counterclockwise, α is negative;

[0066] When rotating clockwise, α is positive; when at the initial position, α is 0.

[0067] S7. The sensor signal processing unit 111 transmits angle data α, β, γ to the display screen 122 on the housing assembly 12. The three-dimensional compass 112 transmits angle data A and δ to the display screen 122 on the housing assembly 12. The data processing integrated circuit 113 transmits the calculated results to the display screen 122 on the housing assembly 12. The display screen 122 displays the basic angle data and the calculated dip and dip angle results of the rock layer to be measured. Pressing the save key 121 can save the angle data processed by the sensor signal processing unit 111 and the three-dimensional compass 112, as well as the dip and dip angle of the rock layer to be measured calculated by the data processing integrated circuit 113.

[0068] After repeating the above operation to measure the attitude of other rock strata, S7 can export all measurement data through USB interface 123.

[0069] The following comparative experiment verifies the measurement accuracy of the present invention. Since traditional geological compasses cannot be used for measurements on steep rock formations, this measurement was conducted at an outcrop at the foot of a mountain. First, a traditional geological compass was used for measurement. The compass was calibrated, then the top cover of the compass was pressed against the rock surface and the compass was rotated to center the bubble in the level. The reading of the compass needle indicated a dip of 117°. The compass was then held upright with its long side against the true dip line of the rock formation. The compass was moved left and right along the bedding plane, and the middle finger was used to move the movable lever at the bottom of the compass to center the bubble in the inclinometer. The reading of the tip of the cone indicated a dip of 34°.

[0070] Then, the electronic geological compass of this invention was used to measure the same location. During the measurement, each component was first checked and adjusted to its initial position. Then, the sensing angle data was zeroed and corrected. After that, the bottom end of the rock surface contact plate was placed against the bottom of the rock surface to be measured, so that it fits the rock surface. The data displayed by the data processing recorder was read: dip 116.79°, dip angle 34.25°. The measured data is consistent with the data measured by the traditional geological compass, indicating that the electronic geological compass of this invention can accurately measure the attitude of the rock strata.

[0071] The above descriptions are merely two embodiments of the present invention, and while they are detailed and specific, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, characterized in that: The geological compass includes a data processing recorder (1), a dip compensation rotation device (2), and an angle measurement sensing rod system (3). The data processing recorder (1) includes a housing assembly (12) and internal components (11). The internal components (11) include an angle sensor signal processing unit (111), a three-dimensional electronic compass (112), and a data processing integrated circuit (113). The angle sensor signal processing unit (111) and the three-dimensional electronic compass (112) are respectively connected to the data processing integrated circuit (113). The tilt compensation rotation device (2) includes a connecting shaft (21), a first rotary encoder (22), and a fixed rod connector (23). The connecting shaft (21) is rotatably mounted on the front end of the housing assembly (12) of the data processing recorder (1). The first rotary encoder (22) is rigidly connected to the connecting shaft (21). The bottom of the fixed rod connector (23) is rigidly connected to the first rotary encoder (22). The first rotary encoder (22) is communicatively connected to the angle sensor signal processing component (111). The angle measurement sensing rod system (3) includes a first angle sensing shaft (31), an adjustable telescopic sleeve (32), a second angle sensing shaft (33), and a rock surface contact plate (34). The first angle sensing shaft (31) and the second angle sensing shaft (33) are respectively fixed at both ends of the adjustable telescopic sleeve (32). One end of the adjustable telescopic sleeve (32) is rotatably connected to the fixed rod connector (23) through the first angle sensing shaft (31), and the other end is rotatably connected to the rock surface contact plate (34) through the second angle sensing shaft (33). The first angle sensing shaft (31) and the second angle sensing shaft (33) are both communicatively connected to the angle sensor signal processing component (111).

2. The electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first angle sensing shaft (31) and the second angle sensing shaft (33) have the same structure, both including a shaft body (330) and two sets of sensor assemblies symmetrically arranged at both ends of the shaft body (330). Each set of sensor assemblies includes a base (331), a second rotary encoder (332) and a reset spring pin (333). The second rotary encoder (332) is externally mounted on the outside of the base (331) and rotates coaxially with the base (331). The reset spring pin (333) is internally mounted on the inside of the base (331) to control the shaft body (330) to reset to the initial position. The second rotary encoders (332) of the first angle sensing shaft (31) and the second angle sensing shaft (33) are respectively connected to the angle sensor signal processing unit (111).

3. An electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing assembly (12) includes a housing (120), on which are provided an operation key (121), a display screen (122), a USB interface (123) and a component shaft connection hole (124). The lower end of the connecting shaft (21) is embedded in the component shaft connection hole (124). The angle sensor signal processing component (111), the three-dimensional electronic compass (112), and the data processing integrated circuit (113) are respectively connected to the display screen (122) and the USB interface (123).

4. An electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first rotary encoder (22), the first angle sensing shaft (31), and the second angle sensing shaft (33) respectively record the rotation angle α of the adjustable telescopic sleeve (32), the angle β between the adjustable telescopic sleeve (32) and the data processing recorder (1), and the rotation angle γ of the rock surface contact plate (34) along the adjustable telescopic sleeve (32). The signal data is converted into angle data and transmitted to the data processing integrated circuit (113) through the angle sensor signal processing component (111). The three-dimensional electronic compass (112) compensates for the angle A between the data processing recorder (1) and the geomagnetic north pole and the angle δ between the data processing recorder (1) and the horizontal plane, and transmits the angle data signal to the data processing integrated circuit (113). The data processing integrated circuit (113) calculates the dip angle and dip direction of the rock surface to be measured according to the following formulas. The calculation process is as follows: The dip angle of the rock surface to be measured = β + γ + δ; The dip of the rock surface to be measured = 360° - (A + α); Wherein: when the compensating rotating device rotates counterclockwise, α is negative; When rotating clockwise, α is positive; when at the initial position, α is 0. A is the angle between the data processing recorder and the geomagnetic north pole; δ is the angle between the data processing recorder and the horizontal plane.

5. An electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (331) of the two sets of sensor components of the first angle sensing shaft (31) is rigidly connected to the lower end of the inclined compensation rotation device (2) near the adjustable telescopic sleeve (32). The lower part of the fixed rod connector (23) is rigidly fixed on the first rotary encoder (22) and can rotate with the first rotary encoder (22) around the connecting shaft (21). The upper part of the fixed rod connector is fitted inside the shaft body (330) of the first angle sensing shaft (31) and can rotate along the shaft body (330). The base (331) of the two sets of sensor components of the second angle sensing shaft (33) is rigidly connected to the upper end of the rock surface contact plate (34) near the adjustable telescopic sleeve (32). The bottom of the rock surface contact plate (34) is fitted inside the shaft body (330) of the second angle sensing shaft (33) so that the rock surface contact plate (34) can rotate around the shaft.

6. A method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains, characterized in that, The measurement method uses the electronic geological compass for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains as described in claim 5, and specifically includes the following steps: S1. Rotate and adjust the fixed rod connector to align it with the long side of the data processing recorder, and check that all components of the angle measurement sensor rod system are in the initial position parallel to the data processing recorder. S2. Zero-calibrate each sensing angle data of the electronic geological compass; S3. Adjust the length of the adjustable telescopic sleeve so that the rock surface contact plate reaches the height of the rock surface where the rock layer to be measured is located; S4. Hold the data processing recorder flat and place the bottom of the rock surface contact plate against the bottom of the rock surface where the rock layer to be tested is located. The rock surface contact plate will fit tightly against the rock surface to be tested. S5. If the rock surface where the rock stratum to be measured is located is not directly above the surveyor, and the surveyor is unable to move or has limited space, the rotation tendency compensation rotation device makes the rock surface contact plate face the rock surface to be measured, and the bottom end of the rock surface contact plate abuts against the bottom of the rock surface where the rock stratum to be measured is located. Under the action of the reset spring pin, it fits tightly against the rock surface to be measured. S6. After completing the above operations as required, the dip compensation rotation device, the first angle sensing shaft, and the second angle sensing shaft of the electronic geological compass all undergo angular changes. The second rotary encoders within the dip compensation rotation device and the two angle sensing shafts convert the displacement signals generated by the rotation into current signals and output them to the sensor signal processing unit. The angle sensor signal processing unit converts the three current signals into angle data, which can be used to adjust the rotation angle α of the telescopic sleeve, the angle β between the adjustable telescopic sleeve and the data processing recorder, and the rotation angle γ of the rock surface contact plate along the adjustable telescopic sleeve. The angle data α, β, and γ are then transmitted to the data processing integrated circuit. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional electronic compass transmits two sets of data—the angle A between the data processing recorder and the geomagnetic north pole, and the angle δ between the data processing recorder and the horizontal direction, obtained through magnetoresistive sensing—to the data processing integrated circuit. The data processing integrated circuit uses the above data to calculate the dip angle and dip direction of the rock surface to be measured using the following angle conversion formula: The dip angle of the rock surface to be measured = β + γ + δ; The dip of the rock surface to be measured = 360° - (A + α); Wherein: when the compensating rotating device rotates counterclockwise, α is negative; When rotating clockwise, α is positive; when at the initial position, α is 0.

7. A method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle sensor signal processing component transmits angle data α, β, and γ to the display screen on the housing assembly. The three-dimensional electronic compass transmits angle data A and δ to the display screen on the housing assembly. The data processing integrated circuit transmits the calculated results to the display screen on the housing assembly and displays the basic angle data and the calculated dip and dip angle results of the rock strata to be measured through the display screen.

8. A method for measuring the attitude of rock strata in steep mountains according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle data processed by the angle sensor signal processing component and the three-dimensional electronic compass, as well as the dip and dip angle of the rock layer to be measured calculated by the data processing integrated circuit, can all be saved and numbered. After the attitude measurements of other rock layers are completed, all measurement data can be exported via USB interface.

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