An experimental system for exploring the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen and an analysis method for the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen

Abstract

An experimental system for exploring the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen and an analysis method of the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen, relate to the technical field of vibrating screening. The system solves the problem that the data collected by the existing traditional vibrating screen experimental system has low vibration intensity and cannot adapt to the screening of different types of materials, and the collected acceleration data and displacement data are irrelevant, which leads to the inability to exclude the interference of the test equipment and the measurement error. The system comprises an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, a vibration signal acquisition module, a camera module, a trajectory capture module and a host computer. The adjustable disc spring vibrating screen vibrates and screens the materials. The camera module collects material image information. The vibration signal acquisition module collects acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen. The trajectory capture module collects motion trajectory information and material trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen. The host computer processes and analyzes the above obtained information. The application is suitable for vibrating screening in mineral processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibrating screening technology, and particularly to the field of vibrating screening technology in mineral processing. Background Technology

[0002] With social development, vibrating screens have been widely used in many fields. The quality of vibrating screen equipment and the level of operation directly affect production efficiency, material accuracy, and energy conservation. Therefore, they directly impact a company's production costs and economic benefits.

[0003] Currently, the helical springs commonly used in vibrating screens have low stiffness, resulting in insufficient overall stiffness of the vibrating screen. This prevents traditional vibrating screens from utilizing the resonance principle to amplify the amplitude, making it difficult to improve screening efficiency and affecting production and economic benefits. Furthermore, most current vibrating screens only have one adjustable screen angle, but the optimal screening angle varies for different types, materials, and particle sizes. Using a single angle will reduce screening efficiency and quality. Additionally, using existing vibrating screens to investigate their screening mechanism yields inaccurate data, failing to provide proper guidance for the vibrating screen.

[0004] Furthermore, the traditional vibrating screen experimental system uses a high-speed camera to track and photograph the screened granular material to observe the particle movement process and stratification pattern. However, the material particles are small in size, numerous, and similar in color, making it difficult to accurately identify the particle movement and separation status based solely on images captured by a high-speed camera.

[0005] Traditionally, vibration signals and trajectory displacement signals of vibrating screens are acquired using accelerometers and displacement sensors respectively, but these two sensors are uncorrelated. If the accelerometer and displacement sensor are uncorrelated, it is impossible to synchronously acquire the vibration acceleration and displacement signals of the vibrating screen during operation, thus failing to eliminate interference from the testing equipment and resulting in measurement errors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problem that existing traditional vibrating screen experimental systems generate measurement errors because the vibration intensity of the vibrating screen is low and it cannot adapt to the screening of different types of materials. Furthermore, the collected acceleration and displacement data are not correlated, which makes it impossible to eliminate interference from the testing equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0008] This invention provides an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. The system includes an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, a vibration signal acquisition module, a camera module, a trajectory capture module, and a host computer.

[0009] The adjustable disc spring vibrating screen is used for vibrating and screening materials.

[0010] The camera module is used to acquire image information of the material inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and send it to the host computer;

[0011] The vibration signal acquisition module is used to acquire the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and send it to the host computer.

[0012] The trajectory capture module is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information within the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and send them to the host computer.

[0013] The host computer is used to process and analyze the received material image information, acceleration signal data, motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and material trajectory information.

[0014] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the vibration signal acquisition module includes at least one accelerometer and a data receiving device;

[0015] The acceleration sensor is fixed on the frame of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and is used to collect the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and send it to the data receiving device.

[0016] The data receiving device is used to send the received acceleration signal data to the host computer.

[0017] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the trajectory capture module includes at least one laser probe integrator and a data receiving module;

[0018] The laser probe integrator is fixed on the top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen frame and is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and send them to the data receiving module.

[0019] The data receiving module is used to send the received motion trajectory information and material trajectory information to the host computer.

[0020] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the camera module includes at least one high-speed camera and an adjustable camera bracket;

[0021] The high-speed camera is fixed on the adjustable camera bracket and is used to capture material images inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and send the material images to the host computer.

[0022] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the adjustable vibrating screen includes a vibrating screen frame, an elastic support assembly, an adjustable tilt screen, a drive device, and an external adjustment device for the tilt angle of the screen.

[0023] The vibrating screen frame includes a main frame and a base;

[0024] The main frame is fixed to the base by the elastic support component;

[0025] The elastic support component is used to provide elastic support for the main frame;

[0026] The drive device is fixed to the main frame and is used to provide inertial excitation force to the main frame;

[0027] The adjustable tilt screen is fixed inside the main frame and is used for screening materials;

[0028] The external adjustment device for the screen tilt angle is fixed on the main frame and connected to the frame of the adjustable tilt screen, and is used to adjust the angle of the adjustable tilt screen.

[0029] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned elastic support assembly includes a fixed base plate, a disc spring system, a double-layer triangular plate main frame, and connecting bolts;

[0030] The first bottom plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame is provided with through holes;

[0031] The disc spring assembly system passes through the through hole in the first bottom plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame and is set on the fixed bottom plate;

[0032] The connecting bolts pass sequentially through the fixed base plate, the first base plate and the second base plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame, and are used to fix the fixed base plate to the double-layer triangular plate main frame.

[0033] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned external adjustment device for the screen tilt angle includes an L-shaped connecting plate, a swivel nut, a support rod, a connecting buckle, and a connecting nut;

[0034] The horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate is provided with through holes;

[0035] The support rod passes through a through hole on the horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate and is fixed by the connecting nut;

[0036] The connecting buckle is fixed to the top of the support rod by the slip knot nut.

[0037] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned experimental system further includes a feeding device and a receiving device;

[0038] The feeding device is located on top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and is used to supply material to the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen.

[0039] The material collection device is located at the bottom of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and is used to collect the material screened out by the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen.

[0040] This invention also provides an analytical method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. The analytical method is based on an experimental system described in any one of the above-mentioned methods for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. The analytical method is as follows:

[0041] S1. A camera module is used to capture images of the material inside an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and deep learning algorithms and image recognition algorithms are used to process the image information to obtain processed image information.

[0042] S2. Acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen is acquired using a vibration signal acquisition module, and the acceleration signal data is synthesized using a hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising to obtain displacement data signal.

[0043] S3. The displacement data signals are synthesized into an elliptical trajectory, and the elliptical trajectory is tested by laser displacement until a qualified elliptical trajectory is obtained.

[0044] S4. The trajectory capture module is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information within the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen.

[0045] S5. The processed image information, qualified elliptical trajectory, motion trajectory information of adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and material trajectory information are fused to obtain a digital twin numerical model of material particles.

[0046] S6. Analyze the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen based on the digital twin numerical model of the material particles.

[0047] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, step S2 above specifically comprises:

[0048] S21. Decompose the noisy acceleration signal data to obtain the noise IMF component;

[0049] S22. Based on the correlation coefficient method of the noise IMF component, if the denoising effect is not satisfactory, the wavelet basis function decomposition layer is reselected to perform wavelet threshold denoising until the denoising effect is achieved and an acceleration signal without noise is obtained.

[0050] S23. The noise-free acceleration signal is processed using Simpson's rule time-domain integration and least squares method to obtain a velocity signal;

[0051] S24. The velocity signal is processed by frequency integration using the low-frequency cutoff method to obtain the displacement signal.

[0052] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0053] 1. The helical springs commonly used in vibrating screens have low stiffness, resulting in insufficient overall stiffness of the vibrating screen. Consequently, traditional vibrating screens cannot utilize the resonance principle to amplify the amplitude. Furthermore, the screen meshes of vibrating screens only have one tilt angle that cannot be adjusted, making it impossible to obtain the screening mechanism of the vibrating screen using existing methods. In addition, traditional vibrating screen experimental systems use acceleration sensors and displacement sensors to collect data separately, but these two sensors are not correlated. If the acceleration sensors and displacement sensors are not correlated, it is impossible to synchronously collect the vibration acceleration and displacement signals during the operation of the vibrating screen, thus failing to eliminate interference from the testing equipment and causing measurement errors. This invention provides an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. An adjustable disc spring vibrating screen is used to screen materials. A camera module collects image information of the screened materials, a vibration signal acquisition module collects the acceleration signal of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and a trajectory capture module collects the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information within the screen. The collected information is sent to a host computer for processing and analysis to obtain data on the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen, thereby allowing for the investigation of the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen.

[0054] 2. Traditionally, vibration signals and trajectory displacement signals of vibrating screens are acquired using accelerometers and displacement sensors respectively. However, these two sensors are uncorrelated. If they are uncorrelated, the vibration acceleration and displacement signals during screen operation cannot be acquired synchronously, leading to interference from the testing equipment and measurement errors. This invention provides an analysis method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. It employs a hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising to synthesize the screen's acceleration signal into a displacement signal. This effectively avoids significant fluctuations and distortions in displacement signal measurement caused by the fluttering phenomenon of the displacement sensor support at certain frequencies. Simultaneously, the synthesized displacement signal is compared with the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen acquired by a laser displacement sensor. This collaborative process corrects and compensates for the screen's motion trajectory, enabling real-time monitoring of the screen's dynamic state and exploring the influence of the screen's motion on the movement and vibration segregation of wet sand and gravel particles.

[0055] 3. Traditional detection methods typically rely on collecting only one data point, resulting in limited information and insufficient monitoring accuracy. This invention provides an analytical method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. It employs multiple detection techniques to acquire information from various angles, providing a more comprehensive reflection of the actual material particle screening state. Simultaneously, based on image information of the material particle distribution at the vibrating screen mesh, particle motion trajectory characteristics, acceleration information of the vibrating screen, and other data, a digital twin numerical model of the material particles is constructed using a data fusion method. This model accurately reflects the motion state of the material particles in the vibrating screen, the separation process, the screening process, and the positional distribution of the particles that pass through the screen.

[0056] This invention is applicable to vibrating screening in mineral processing. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen, as described in Embodiments 1 and 8.

[0058] Figure 2 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the vibration signal acquisition module described in Embodiment 2;

[0059] Figure 3 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the trajectory capture module described in Embodiment 3;

[0060] Figure 4 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the camera module described in Embodiment 4;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable vibrating screen described in Embodiment 5;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable tilt screen described in Embodiment 5;

[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive device described in Embodiment 5;

[0064] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic support component described in Embodiment Six;

[0065] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external adjustment device for the screen tilt angle described in Embodiment 7;

[0066] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding machine system described in Embodiment 8;

[0067] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the material particle image processing based on the deep learning method described in Implementation Method Nine;

[0068] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the digital twin model construction method of the data fusion method described in Implementation Method Nine;

[0069] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising as described in Implementation Method 10.

[0070] Among them, 1-feeding device, 10-lifting bracket, 11-transmission belt drive motor, 12-steel structure support material inlet channel, 13-feeding transmission belt, 14-feeding funnel, 2-vibration signal acquisition module, 20-accelerometer, 21-data receiving device, 4-adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, 40-vibrating screen frame, 400-main frame, 401-base, 41-elastic support assembly, 410-double-layer triangular plate main frame, 411-connecting bolts, 412-disc spring assembly system, 413-fixed base plate, 42-adjustable tilt screen, 421-screen main frame, 422-special Angle adjustment chain, 43-Drive device, 430-Motor, 431-Motor shaft, 432-Coupling, 433-Transmission shaft, 434-Rolling bearing, 435-Eccentric block, 436-Bearing seat, 44-External adjustment device for screen tilt angle, 441-L-shaped connecting plate, 442-Swivel nut, 443-Support rod, 444-Connecting buckle, 445-Connecting nut, 446-Bolt, 5-Collection tray, 6-Camera module, 60-High-speed camera, 61-Adjustable camera bracket, 7-Trajectory capture module, 70-Laser probe integrator, 71-Data receiving module, 8-Host computer. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0072] Implementation Method 1. See Figure 1 This embodiment describes an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. The system includes an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4, a vibration signal acquisition module 2, a camera module 6, a trajectory capture module 7, and a host computer 8.

[0073] The adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 is used for vibrating and screening materials.

[0074] The camera module 6 is used to collect material image information inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and send it to the host computer 8;

[0075] The vibration signal acquisition module 2 is used to acquire the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and send it to the host computer 8;

[0076] The trajectory capture module 7 is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and the material trajectory information within the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4, and send them to the host computer 8.

[0077] The host computer 8 is used to process and analyze the received material image information, acceleration signal data, motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and material trajectory information.

[0078] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the material to be screened is placed into the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4. The adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 vibrates through a drive device, and screening is achieved through the screen mesh inside the vibrating screen. During the screening process, a camera module 6 is placed in front of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 to collect image information of the material inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and send it to the host computer 8; a vibration signal acquisition module 2 is placed on the frame of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 to collect the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4, and... The data is sent to the host computer 8; the trajectory capture module 7 is set on the top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 frame to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and the material trajectory information inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4, and then sent to the host computer 8; the host computer 8 processes and analyzes the received material image information, acceleration signal data, motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and material trajectory information to obtain data on the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen, and the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen can be explored based on the data.

[0079] The helical springs commonly used in existing vibrating screens are insufficient in strength, resulting in insufficient overall stiffness of the vibrating screen and thus limiting its working strength. In addition, the screen mesh of existing vibrating screens only has one tilt angle that cannot be adjusted, making it impossible to obtain the screening mechanism of the vibrating screen using existing methods. Furthermore, traditional vibrating screen experimental systems use acceleration sensors and displacement sensors to collect data separately, but these two sensors are not correlated. If the acceleration sensors and displacement sensors are not correlated, it is impossible to synchronously collect the vibration acceleration and displacement signals during the operation of the vibrating screen, thus failing to eliminate interference from the testing equipment and causing measurement errors. This embodiment provides an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. An adjustable disc spring vibrating screen is used to screen materials. A camera module collects image information of the screened materials, a vibration signal acquisition module collects the acceleration signal of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and a trajectory capture module collects the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information within the screen. The collected information is sent to a host computer for processing and analysis to obtain data on the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen, thereby investigating the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen.

[0080] Implementation Method 2. See also Figure 2 This embodiment is described by way of example of the vibration signal acquisition module 2 in an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen as described in Embodiment 1. The vibration signal acquisition module 2 includes at least one acceleration sensor 20 and a data receiving device 21.

[0081] The acceleration sensor 20 is fixed on the frame of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and is used to collect the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and send it to the data receiving device 21.

[0082] The data receiving device 21 is used to send the received acceleration signal data to the host computer 8.

[0083] In practical applications, this embodiment uses an IEPE accelerometer with a sensitivity of 500 mV / g; the data receiving device is a CJ-AL2 intelligent vibration monitor. Figure 2As shown, the accelerometer 20 is fixed on the frame of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4, used to collect the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and send it to the data receiving device 21; the data receiving device 21 is used to send the received vibration frequency data to the host computer 8. The host computer adopts a hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising to synthesize the vibration screen acceleration signal into a displacement signal, which can effectively avoid the flutter phenomenon of the displacement sensor bracket at certain special frequencies, thus avoiding large fluctuations and distortions in the displacement signal measurement. At the same time, the acceleration-synthesized displacement signal is compared with the displacement signal of the vibrating screen prototype collected by the laser displacement sensor to jointly complete the correction and compensation of the motion trajectory of the vibrating screen prototype, realize the real-time monitoring of the dynamic state of the vibrating screen prototype, and explore the influence of the screen body motion on the motion and vibration segregation of wet sand and gravel particles.

[0084] Implementation Method 3. See also Figure 3 This embodiment is described by way of example of the trajectory capture module 7 in an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen as described in Embodiment 1. The trajectory capture module 7 includes at least one laser probe integrator 70 and a data receiving module 71.

[0085] The laser probe integrator 70 is fixed on the top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 frame and is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and the material trajectory information inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4, and send them to the data receiving module 71.

[0086] The data receiving module 71 is used to send the received motion trajectory information and material trajectory information to the host computer 8.

[0087] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the laser probe integrator 70 can emit and receive lasers, calculate the distance by measuring the time from laser emission to reflection and reception, and simulate the displacement on a computer by measuring the change in distance; the laser probe can measure the displacement of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 body in both vertical and horizontal longitudinal directions, and thereby simulate the motion trajectory of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen body body on this plane on a computer.

[0088] Implementation Method Four. See also Figure 4 This embodiment is described by way of example of the camera module 6 in an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen as described in Embodiment 1. The camera module 6 includes at least one high-speed camera 60 and an adjustable camera bracket 61.

[0089] The high-speed camera 60 is fixed on the adjustable camera bracket 61 and is used to collect material images inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and send the material images to the host computer 8.

[0090] In practical applications, the high-speed camera 60 in this embodiment uses a 5-megapixel, 75FPS, 2 / 3-inch Sony Super CMOS sensor, which is an ultra-high-speed, high-definition USB 3.0 industrial camera. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the high-speed camera 60 is fixed on the adjustable camera bracket 61, which can be raised and lowered and adjusted in angle to meet the monitoring and recording of the screening process at different positions and angles.

[0091] Implementation Method 5. See also Figures 5 to 7 This embodiment is described by way of example of an adjustable vibrating screen 4 in an experimental system for investigating the sieving mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen as described in Embodiment 1. The adjustable vibrating screen 4 includes a vibrating screen frame 40, an elastic support assembly 41, an adjustable tilt screen 42, a drive device 43, and an external adjustment device for the tilt angle of the screen 44.

[0092] The vibrating screen frame 40 includes a main frame 400 and a base 401;

[0093] The main frame 400 is fixed to the base 401 by the elastic support component 41;

[0094] The elastic support component 41 is used to provide elastic support for the main frame 400;

[0095] The driving device 43 is fixed on the main frame 400 and is used to provide inertial excitation force to the main frame 400.

[0096] The adjustable tilt screen 42 is fixed inside the main frame 400 and is used for screening materials;

[0097] The external tilt angle adjustment device 44 is fixed on the main frame 400 and connected to the frame of the adjustable tilt angle screen 42, and is used to adjust the angle of the adjustable tilt angle screen 42.

[0098] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 5As shown, the elastic support element 41, the internal adjustable tilt screen 42, the drive device 43, and the external screen tilt adjustment device 44 are all mounted on the vibrating screen prototype frame 400. The main frame 400 of the vibrating screen is a steel truss structure, and the overall shape is cuboid. When the vibrating screen is working, the drive device 43 generates excitation force and transmits the excitation force to the main frame 400 of the vibrating screen. The vibrating screen consists of an elastic support system composed of four elastic support components 41 and a rigid base 401, which fixes the main frame 400 on the elastic support system 41. This allows the elastic support components to provide elastic support for the vibrating screen frame 400, so that under the support of the elastic support elements 41, the main frame 400 of the vibrating screen begins to perform periodic reciprocating motion, thereby driving the internal adjustable screen 42 to vibrate, providing screening power for the material particles, and completing the screening work. Meanwhile, since different materials have different screening requirements, to ensure optimal screening effect, an external screen tilt angle adjustment device 44 is connected to the main frame of the adjustable tilt angle screen 42 to adjust the angle of the adjustable tilt angle screen 3. This allows the screen to be adjusted to different tilt angles, meeting the optimal screening process tilt angle requirements of the material particles for the entire screen.

[0099] Among them, such as Figure 6 As shown, the adjustable tilt screen 42 includes at least two screen body frames 420 and a special angle adjustment chain 421; the two screen body frames 420 are connected by the special angle adjustment chain 421.

[0100] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 6 As shown, the screen is made of manganese steel perforated plate, and its function is to carry materials and vibrate under the drive of the main frame of the vibrating screen to screen the materials. The vibrating screen adopts a multi-segment, three-segment screen splicing design, with special hinges 421 connecting the main frame 420 of each segment of the screen. The angle between each segment of the screen can be adjusted, with an adjustment range of 0-30°. This allows for angle adjustment at different positions of a single screen, meeting the optimal screening process inclination angle requirements for material particles at different locations.

[0101] like Figure 7As shown, the drive device 43 includes a motor 430, a coupling 432, a transmission shaft 433, an eccentric block 435, a rolling bearing 434, and a bearing housing 436. The motor shaft 431 of the motor 430 is connected to the transmission shaft 42 via the coupling 432. The eccentric block 433 is fixed on the transmission shaft 432. The transmission shaft 432 is fixed in the bearing housing 435 via the rolling bearing 434. The motor 430 uses an energized coil to generate a rotating magnetic field, which acts on the rotor to form a magnetoelectric torque, providing rotational power. In application, a Siemens servo motor 1FK7083-2AF71-1CH1 (model 1FK7083-2AF71-1CH1) is used. A coupling 432 is provided on the right side of the motor 430. The motor shaft 431 of the motor 430 is connected to the transmission shaft 433 via the coupling 432 to transmit the rotational energy of the motor and realize the synchronous rotation of the drive shaft and the transmission shaft. In application, coupling 432 is implemented using a Xingda CLG double diaphragm elastic coupling with an outer diameter of 40mm, a length of 35mm, and a hole of 12. The drive shaft 433 passes through ball bearing 434 and is supported by the ball bearing and the bearing housing at the outer support point of the ball bearing. This is used to convert the sliding friction between the rotating shaft and the bearing housing into rolling friction, thereby reducing friction loss. In application, rolling bearing 434 is implemented using BMD stainless steel bearing S6318-2Z / P5 with an inner diameter of 40mm. The ball bearing is installed in the bearing housing to support the bearing, fix the outer ring of the bearing, allowing only the inner ring to rotate while the outer ring remains stationary, always maintaining the same direction of transmission and keeping it balanced. This also reduces bearing contamination, ensures the bearing's coefficient of friction, and reduces friction loss. In application, bearing housing 435 is implemented using SD644 high-speed, high-precision imported quality bearing housing. An eccentric block is installed on the drive shaft between two rolling bearings. The eccentric wheel acts as a trigger, causing the eccentric block to rotate as the drive shaft rotates, generating inertial excitation force. This force drives the main frame and screen of the vibrating screen to vibrate, providing power for screening. When the vibrating screen is working, the motor shaft 431 rotates at high speed under the action of the motor 430. Through the coupling 432, it drives the drive shaft 433 to rotate at high speed, causing the eccentric block 435 connected to the drive shaft 433 to rotate at high speed, thus generating excitation force. This excitation force is transmitted to the vibrating screen prototype frame 4 through the drive shaft 433, ball bearings 434, and bearing housing 435. Supported by the disc spring elastic support assembly 42, the vibrating screen prototype frame 4 begins to perform periodic reciprocating motion, which in turn drives the vibration of other internal components connected to it, providing power for the material particles and completing the screening process.

[0102] The helical springs commonly used in existing vibrating screens are insufficient in strength, resulting in insufficient overall rigidity of the vibrating screen and thus limiting its working strength. Furthermore, the screens of these existing vibrating screens only have one adjustable tilt angle, making it impossible to understand the screening mechanism. The adjustable vibrating screen described in this embodiment uses disc springs as the elastic support element, which increases the vertical rigidity of the vibrating screen, bringing its natural frequency close to the operating frequency. This utilizes the resonance principle to amplify the amplitude, reducing the excitation force required to achieve the desired amplitude and effectively lowering the energy consumption of the vibrating screen. The vibrating screen is designed with multiple screen segments connected by special hinges, allowing for adjustable angles between each segment. The tilt angle of each segment is adjustable from 0-15°. An external tilt angle adjustment device 44 connects to an adjustable tilt screen 42 for adjusting the angle of the adjustable tilt screen, enabling the screening of different materials. Using an adjustable vibrating screen allows for the exploration of the screening mechanism, providing valuable data for the improvement of vibrating screens.

[0103] Implementation method six. See also Figure 8 This embodiment is an example of the support component 41 in an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen as described in Embodiment 5. The elastic support component 41 includes a fixed base plate 413, a disc spring assembly system 412, a double-layer triangular plate main frame 410, and connecting bolts 411.

[0104] The first bottom plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame 410 is provided with through holes;

[0105] The disc spring assembly system 412 passes through the through hole in the first bottom plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame 410 and is mounted on the fixed bottom plate 413.

[0106] The connecting bolts 411 pass sequentially through the fixed base plate 413, the first base plate and the second base plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame 410, and are used to fix the fixed base plate 413 to the double-layer triangular plate main frame 410.

[0107] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 8 As shown, the elastic support assembly consists of a double-layer triangular plate frame 410 and a fixed base plate 413 connected by bolts 411. Each disc spring system 412 is positioned by a built-in positioning shaft, and the preload is adjusted by tightening and loosening the nuts on the connecting bolts 411. The function of the elastic support assembly is to provide elastic support for the vibrating screen prototype, and simultaneously drive the main body of the vibrating screen to complete the vibrating screening operation under the action of the excitation force.

[0108] The helical springs commonly used in traditional vibrating screens suffer from insufficient strength, leading to insufficient overall stiffness and limiting the screen's working capacity. Experimental data obtained using traditional methods are prone to error and cannot accurately guide screen improvements. This embodiment provides an elastic support component employing a double disc spring assembly as the elastic support, integrated into a double-layer triangular frame structure. This ensures that the stiffness adjustment of the double disc spring assembly's elastic elements remains unaffected, meets the requirements for support element positioning and assembly, and can be pre-adjusted as a separate component, further improving production assembly efficiency. Compared to a single disc spring assembly elastic support design, the double disc spring assembly elastic support system offers a wider range of vertical stiffness adjustment and higher adjustable stiffness precision. Simultaneously, the double disc spring assembly elastic support system exhibits stronger bending resistance, effectively preventing collisions and friction between the internal guide rods and inner rings of the disc springs, thus improving the service life and reliability of the disc spring elastic support system. This results in accurate data measured from the vibrating screen using the elastic support component.

[0109] Implementation Method Seven. See also Figure 9 This embodiment is an example of the screen tilt angle external adjustment device 44 in an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen as described in Embodiment 5. The screen tilt angle external adjustment device 44 includes an L-shaped connecting plate 441, a slip knot nut 442, a support rod 443, a connecting buckle 444, and a connecting nut 445.

[0110] The horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate 441 is provided with through holes;

[0111] The support rod 443 passes through the through hole on the horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate 441 and is fixed by the connecting nut 445;

[0112] The connecting buckle 444 is fixed to the top of the support rod 443 by the slip knot nut 442.

[0113] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 9 As shown, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate 441 has holes, through which the support rod 443 passes and is fixed by the connecting nut 445. The support rod 443 is 180mm long and 20mm in diameter. The support rod 443 can be adjusted up and down by adjusting the L-shaped connecting plate 441. The top of the support rod 443 is provided with a connecting buckle 444, which is connected to the support rod 443 by a slip nut 442 and can rotate up and down. The function of the connecting buckle 444 is to connect the screen and the slip nut, so that the screen and the slip nut are integrated with the main frame of the vibrating screen to transmit vibration energy.

[0114] An external tilt adjustment device 43 is used to connect the frame of the adjustable tilt screen 42, which is used to adjust the angle of the adjustable tilt screen 42. This allows for the screening of different materials.

[0115] Implementation method eight. See also Figure 1 and Figure 10 This embodiment is based on the experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen described in Embodiment 1, with the addition of a feeding device 1 and a receiving device 5.

[0116] The system also includes a feeding device 1 and a receiving device 5;

[0117] The feeding device 1 is located on top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and is used to provide material to the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4.

[0118] The material collection device 5 is located at the bottom of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4 and is used to collect the material screened out by the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4.

[0119] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the feeding system 1 is located on top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen 4, and is used to supply material to the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen. The feeding device includes a lifting support 10, a conveyor belt drive motor 11, a steel structure support material inlet channel 12, a feeding conveyor belt 13, and a feeding hopper 14. The lifting support 10 can raise the support, forming a stable right-angled triangle with the steel structure support material inlet channel 12 and the ground, providing stable support. The drive motor 11 is installed inside the conveyor belt, providing power to the conveyor belt 13. The conveyor belt 13 transports material from below the conveyor belt to above the conveyor belt, and finally, under gravity, it falls into the feeding hopper 14.

[0120] Implementation Method Nine. See also Figure 11 and Figure 12 This embodiment describes an analytical method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. The analytical method is implemented based on an experimental system described in any one of embodiments one through eight for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. The analytical method is as follows:

[0121] S1. A camera module is used to capture images of the material inside an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and deep learning algorithms and image recognition algorithms are used to process the image information to obtain processed image information.

[0122] S2. Acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen is acquired using a vibration signal acquisition module, and the acceleration signal data is synthesized using a hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising to obtain displacement data signal.

[0123] S3. The displacement data signals are synthesized into an elliptical trajectory, and the elliptical trajectory is tested by laser displacement until a qualified elliptical trajectory is obtained.

[0124] S4. The trajectory capture module is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information within the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen.

[0125] S5. The processed image information, qualified elliptical trajectory, motion trajectory information of adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and material trajectory information are fused to obtain a digital twin numerical model of material particles.

[0126] S6. Analyze the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen based on the digital twin numerical model of the material particles.

[0127] In practical application, this embodiment uses a camera module to capture images of the material inside an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and then uses deep learning algorithms and image recognition algorithms to process the image information to obtain processed image information; specifically: as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the material image is denoised and enhanced to obtain an enhanced material image. Features are extracted and selected from the enhanced material image based on shape and color characteristics to obtain an extracted material image. The Adabosst algorithm is used to detect particles in the extracted material image. Normalization and denoising are applied to process the detected particle images. A DCNN model is used to extract image features from the processed image. A data management system is used to manage and store particle information in the extracted image, obtaining a particle image database. A deep learning model is used to perform deep learning based on the particle image data to obtain a trained deep learning model. The trained deep learning model is then used to classify particles in the extracted material image to obtain processed image information.

[0128] Traditional vibrating screen experimental systems rely solely on high-speed cameras to track and photograph the sieved particles, observing their movement and stratification. However, given the small size, large quantity, and similar color of the particles, images captured by high-speed cameras alone are insufficient to accurately identify their motion and separation. This implementation employs deep learning and image recognition algorithms to process the image information, obtaining processed image data that accurately recreates the particle vibration screening process under actual working conditions, helping to reveal the segregation mechanism and screening principle of wet sand and gravel particles.

[0129] An acceleration signal data of an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen is acquired using a vibration signal acquisition module. A hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising is used to synthesize the acceleration signal data to obtain displacement data signals. These displacement data signals are then used to synthesize an elliptical trajectory, which is tested using laser displacement until a satisfactory elliptical trajectory is obtained. A trajectory capture module is used to acquire the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information within the screen. The processed image information, elliptical trajectory, motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and material trajectory information are then fused to obtain a digital twin numerical model of the material particles. Specifically: Figure 12 As shown, the processed image information is classified according to different particle parameters into particle image information, particle motion information, and particle screening parameter information. A particle recognition and monitoring model is established based on the particle image information, a particle motion simulation model is established based on the particle motion information, and a particle screening parameter model is established based on the particle screening parameter information. A screening machine dynamics model is established based on the vibration information, and a screening machine kinematics model is established based on the motion trajectory information, thus achieving a correlation between the actual vibrating screen experimental prototype and the virtual vibrating screen experimental prototype. The screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen is explored and analyzed based on the established particle recognition and monitoring model, particle motion simulation model, particle screening parameter model, screening machine dynamics model, and screening machine kinematics model. Specifically, the particle recognition and monitoring model, particle motion simulation model, and particle screening parameter model are used to optimize the particle screening parameters; the screening machine dynamics model and screening machine kinematics model are used to optimize the screening machine motion parameters.

[0130] Existing traditional detection methods typically rely on collecting only one data point, resulting in limited information and insufficient monitoring accuracy. This embodiment provides an analytical method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen, employing multiple detection techniques to acquire multi-angle information, thus providing a more comprehensive reflection of the actual material particle screening state. Simultaneously, based on image information of the material particle distribution at the vibrating screen mesh, particle motion trajectory characteristics, screen vibration signals, and screen motion trajectory characteristics, a digital twin numerical model of the material particles is constructed using a data fusion method. This model can realistically reflect the motion state of the material particles in the vibrating screen, the separation process, the screening status, and the positional distribution of the screened particles.

[0131] Implementation Method 10. See also Figure 13 This embodiment describes step S2 of the analytical method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen described in Embodiment Nine. Step S2 specifically involves:

[0132] S21. Decompose the noisy acceleration signal data to obtain the noise IMF component;

[0133] S22. Based on the correlation coefficient method of the noise IMF component, if the denoising effect is not satisfactory, the wavelet basis function decomposition layer is reselected to perform wavelet threshold denoising until the denoising effect is achieved and an acceleration signal without noise is obtained.

[0134] S23. The noise-free acceleration signal is processed using Simpson's rule time-domain integration and least squares method to obtain a velocity signal;

[0135] S24. The velocity signal is processed by frequency integration using the low-frequency cutoff method to obtain the displacement signal.

[0136] In practical applications, this implementation method, such as Figure 13 As shown, CEEMDAN is used to decompose the noisy X and Z acceleration signals to obtain IMF components. The correlation coefficient of the noisy IMF components is used for evaluation. If the denoising effect is unsatisfactory, wavelet basis function decomposition layers are reselected for wavelet threshold denoising until the desired denoising effect is achieved, resulting in noise-free X and Z acceleration signals. Simpson's rule time-domain integration and least squares method are used to process the noise-free X and Z acceleration signals to obtain X and Z velocity signals. Low-frequency cutoff frequency integration is used to process the X and Z velocity signals to obtain X and Z displacement signals. A tree-circular trajectory is synthesized based on the X and Z displacement signals, and laser displacement testing is used to synthesize the circular trajectory, finally obtaining a qualified elliptical trajectory.

[0137] Traditionally, vibration signals and trajectory displacement signals of vibrating screens are acquired using accelerometers and displacement sensors respectively. However, these two sensors are uncorrelated. If they are uncorrelated, the vibration acceleration and displacement signals during screen operation cannot be acquired synchronously, leading to interference from the testing equipment and measurement errors. This embodiment provides an analysis method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen. It synthesizes the screen acceleration signal into a displacement signal and uses a hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising to effectively avoid significant fluctuations and distortions in displacement signal measurement caused by the fluttering phenomenon of the displacement sensor support at certain frequencies. Simultaneously, the synthesized acceleration displacement signal is compared with the displacement signal of the vibrating screen prototype acquired by a laser displacement sensor to jointly correct and compensate for the motion trajectory of the vibrating screen prototype. This enables real-time monitoring of the dynamic state of the vibrating screen prototype and explores the influence of the screen body motion on the motion and vibration segregation of wet sand and gravel particles.

[0138] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0139] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0140] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental system for investigating the sieving mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen, characterized in that, The system includes an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4), a vibration signal acquisition module (2), a camera module (6), a trajectory capture module (7), and a host computer (8). The adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) is used to vibrate and screen materials. The adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) includes a vibrating screen frame (40), an elastic support assembly (41), an adjustable tilt screen (42), a drive device (43), and an external tilt adjustment device (44). The vibrating screen frame (40) includes a main frame (400) and a base (401). The main frame (400) is fixed to the base (401) by the elastic support assembly (41); The elastic support component (41) is used to provide elastic support for the main frame (400); it is also used to drive the main body of the vibrating screen to complete the vibrating screening work under the action of the excitation force. The elastic support assembly (41) includes a fixed base plate (413), a disc spring assembly system (412), a double-layer triangular plate main frame (410), and connecting bolts (411). The first bottom plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame (410) has through holes; The disc spring assembly system (412) passes through the through hole of the first bottom plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame (410) and is set on the fixed bottom plate (413); The connecting bolt (411) passes through the fixed base plate (413), the first base plate and the second base plate of the double-layer triangular plate main frame (410) in sequence, and is used to fix the fixed base plate (413) and the double-layer triangular plate main frame (410) in a fixed connection. The drive device (43) is fixed on the main frame (400) and is used to provide inertial excitation force to the main frame (400); The adjustable tilt screen (42) is fixed inside the main frame (400) for screening materials; The external adjustment device (44) for the tilt angle of the screen is fixed on the main frame (400) and connected to the frame of the adjustable tilt screen (42) for adjusting the angle of the adjustable tilt screen (42); The camera module (6) is used to collect material image information in the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and send it to the host computer (8). The vibration signal acquisition module (2) is used to acquire the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and send it to the host computer (8). The trajectory capture module (7) is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and the material trajectory information in the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4), and send them to the host computer (8). The host computer (8) is used to process and analyze the received material image information, acceleration signal data, motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and material trajectory information.

2. The experimental system for investigating the sieving mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration signal acquisition module (2) includes at least one accelerometer (20) and a data receiving device (21). The acceleration sensor (20) is fixed on the frame of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and is used to collect the acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and send it to the data receiving device (21). The data receiving device (21) is used to send the received acceleration signal data to the host computer (8).

3. The experimental system for investigating the sieving mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trajectory capture module (7) includes at least one laser probe integrator (70) and a data receiving module (71). The laser probe integrator (70) is fixed on the top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) frame and is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and the material trajectory information inside the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and send them to the data receiving module (71). The data receiving module (71) is used to send the received motion trajectory information and material trajectory information to the host computer (8).

4. The experimental system for investigating the sieving mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The camera module (6) includes at least one high-speed camera (60) and an adjustable camera bracket (61). The high-speed camera (60) is fixed on the adjustable camera bracket (61) and is used to collect material images in the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and send the material images to the host computer (8).

5. The experimental system for investigating the sieving mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external adjustment device (44) for the screen tilt angle includes an L-shaped connecting plate (441), a slip knot nut (442), a support rod (443), a connecting buckle (444), and a connecting nut (445). The horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate (441) has through holes; The support rod (443) passes through the through hole on the horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting plate (441) and is fixed by the connecting nut (445); The connecting buckle (444) is fixed to the top of the support rod (443) by the slip knot nut (442).

6. The experimental system for investigating the sieving mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a feeding device (1) and a receiving device (5); The feeding device (1) is located on top of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and is used to provide material to the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4). The material collection device (5) is located at the bottom of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4) and is used to collect the material screened out by the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen (4).

7. A method for analyzing the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen, characterized in that, The analytical method is based on an experimental system for investigating the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen as described in any one of claims 1-6. The analytical method is as follows: S1. A camera module is used to capture images of the material inside an adjustable disc spring vibrating screen, and deep learning algorithms and image recognition algorithms are used to process the image information to obtain processed image information. S2. Acceleration signal data of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen is acquired using a vibration signal acquisition module, and the acceleration signal data is synthesized using a hybrid integral displacement algorithm based on CEEMDAN and wavelet threshold denoising to obtain displacement data signal. S3. The displacement data signals are synthesized into an elliptical trajectory, and a laser probe integrator is used to perform laser displacement testing on the elliptical trajectory until a qualified elliptical trajectory is obtained. S4. The trajectory capture module is used to collect the motion trajectory information of the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and the material trajectory information within the adjustable disc spring vibrating screen. S5. The processed image information, qualified elliptical trajectory, motion trajectory information of adjustable disc spring vibrating screen and material trajectory information are fused to obtain a digital twin numerical model of material particles. S6. Analyze the screening mechanism of the disc spring vibrating screen based on the digital twin numerical model of the material particles.

8. The analytical method for the screening mechanism of a disc spring vibrating screen according to claim 7, characterized in that, Specifically, S2 is: S21. Decompose the noisy acceleration signal data to obtain the noise IMF component; S22. Based on the correlation coefficient method of the noise IMF component, if the denoising effect is not satisfactory, the wavelet basis function decomposition layer is reselected to perform wavelet threshold denoising until the denoising effect is achieved and an acceleration signal without noise is obtained. S23. The noise-free acceleration signal is processed using Simpson's rule time-domain integration and least squares method to obtain a velocity signal; S24. The velocity signal is processed by frequency integration using the low-frequency cutoff method to obtain the displacement signal.

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