Method for implementing an arbitrary power division ratio of a magneto-electric power divider

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of solid power electronic devices, and discloses a method for realizing an arbitrary power division ratio of a magneto-electric power divider, comprising the following steps: 1) manufacturing a six-wire-three-port magneto-electric power divider: the six-wire-three-port magneto-electric power divider is formed by laminating and bonding two layers of magnetostrictive materials and two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic materials with different volumes in the middle of the two layers of magnetostrictive materials, and then tightly winding copper solenoids outside the bare chip; 2) adjusting the length ratio of the two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic materials to control the power division ratio of the magneto-electric power divider. Based on the six-wire-three-port magneto-electric power divider, the length ratio of the two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic materials is adjusted to realize the control of the arbitrary division of the power ratio of the two output ports of the magneto-electric power divider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid-state power electronic device technology and relates to a method for achieving arbitrary power division ratio in a magnetoelectric power divider. Background Technology

[0002] A power divider is a passive component that can split a single input signal into two or more signals. It is widely used in power amplifier and antenna feed networks, wireless communication, RF circuit front-ends, and microwave electronic devices, and is a key component in modern mobile communication technology. The concept of a power divider was first proposed by Ernest J. Wilkinson in 1960. His Wilkinson power divider structure is simple, consisting of a quarter-wavelength transmission line and isolation resistors between different output ports. It achieves excellent matching between different ports at a single operating frequency and also boasts advantages such as high isolation between output ports, equal phase, and low loss. These excellent characteristics have attracted widespread attention from researchers both domestically and internationally, who have used the Wilkinson power divider as a template for improvement and innovation to meet the needs of different application scenarios. Although Wilkinson-type power dividers can achieve arbitrary power ratios, the impedance matching differences between ports with different power ratios are significant. If the port load is not 50Ω, an impedance matching network needs to be connected after the output port, which greatly increases the size of the power divider, contradicting the trend of device miniaturization. Furthermore, as the power distribution ratio between different ports increases, the branch impedance also increases, and the linewidth of circuits designed using microstrip line technology also becomes thinner, making it difficult to design actual circuits. In addition, this type of Wilkinson power divider can only operate in a very narrow bandwidth (single frequency band), which greatly limits the development of power dividers.

[0003] In recent decades, the development of magnetoelectric coupling materials has provided new possibilities for the design of power dividers, namely magnetoelectric power dividers that utilize the magnetoelectric effect. The magnetoelectric effect arises from the coupling of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties. The phenomenon of spontaneous polarization or magnetic polarization of magnetoelectric coupling materials under the influence of an applied magnetic or electric field is called the positive / inverse magnetoelectric effect. In the early stages of the development of magnetoelectric coupling materials, due to complex fabrication processes and low magnetoelectric coupling coefficients at room temperature, they did not receive much attention for a considerable period. Until 2001, Ryu et al. prepared a "sandwich" structure magnetoelectric composite material by bonding the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D (with a giant magnetostriction coefficient) to piezoelectric ceramics (PMN-PT) through interlayer bonding. They observed extremely high magnetoelectric effects (up to 10.3 V / cm Oe) at room temperature. This layered method of preparing magnetoelectric composite materials greatly promoted the development of magnetoelectric materials and laid the foundation for their subsequent device applications. In particular, over the past decade, various magnetoelectric coupling materials with structures such as rectangular, circular, and toroidal shapes have been proposed. These structures have been analyzed using equivalent circuit theory, leading to the development of various magnetoelectric coupling devices based on these structures, such as gyrotrons, magnetic sensors, and adjustable inductors. As a result, the application of magnetoelectric coupling materials and devices has experienced rapid development.

[0004] The idea of ​​designing power dividers using magnetoelectric coupling materials originated in 2011 when Leung et al. reported a magnetoelectric power device with a dual-resonant voltage boost effect based on a piezoelectric / ferrite magnetoelectric heterostructure, which could achieve power boosting between two-port networks. Similar magnetoelectric power dividers have been reported previously, such as patent 202210796786.7, which discloses a two-way six-wire-three-port magnetoelectric power divider and its measuring device. This patent mainly utilizes the magnetostrictive effect of ferromagnetic materials and the piezoelectric effect of Rosen transformers, achieving strong magnetoelectric coupling through interlayer strain transfer. It utilizes the impedance gradient caused by the inherent polarization difference of piezoelectric materials to achieve power division under high isolation conditions. The process is simple, low-cost, and the results are intuitive and reliable. However, the power division ratio is limited by the impedance gradient of the Rosen transformer, preventing arbitrary power ratio division. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problem that existing power splitting methods cannot achieve arbitrary power ratio division. It provides a method for achieving arbitrary power splitting ratio in a magnetoelectric power splitter. Based on a six-wire to three-port magnetoelectric power splitter, the method adjusts the length ratio of two piezoelectric ceramic materials to achieve arbitrary division of the power ratio between the two output ports of the magnetoelectric power splitter.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for achieving arbitrary power division ratio in a magnetoelectric power divider, comprising the following steps: 1) Construct a six-wire to three-port magnetoelectric power divider: The six-wire-three-port magnetoelectric power divider is composed of two layers of magnetostrictive material and two piezoelectric ceramic materials of different volumes located between the two layers of magnetostrictive material, which are then laminated and bonded together and tightly wound with a copper solenoid around the bare sheet. The magnetostrictive material is magnetized along its length, and the silver electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic material are distributed on the upper and lower surfaces and polarized along the thickness direction. The two piezoelectric ceramic materials of different volumes have different lengths but the same width and thickness. The copper solenoid port serves as the power input port of the magnetoelectric power divider, and the upper and lower silver electrode surfaces of each piezoelectric ceramic material serve as the power output port I and power output port II of the magnetoelectric power divider, respectively. 2) By adjusting the length ratio of two piezoelectric ceramic materials of different volumes, the power division ratio of the magnetoelectric power divider can be controlled.

[0007] The magnetostrictive material used in the six-wire-three-port magnetoelectric power divider of this invention is Ni. 0.8 Zn 0.2 Fe2O4, the piezoelectric ceramic material is PZT-8; the magnetostrictive material has a length of 36mm, a width of 6mm, and a thickness of 1mm; each piece of the piezoelectric ceramic material has a width of 6mm and a thickness of 1mm, and the sum of the lengths of two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic material with different volumes is 40mm.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention constructs a six-wire to three-port magnetoelectric power divider with a sandwich structure by using two layers of magnetostrictive material and two piezoelectric ceramic materials of different volumes located between the two layers of magnetostrictive material. By adjusting the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramic materials, the power ratio of the two output ports of the magnetoelectric power divider can be arbitrarily divided. It also has the advantages of being passive, having low distribution loss, small size, low cost, simple manufacturing process, and high isolation, and has great potential application value in industrial control, wireless communication, electronic information and other fields. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the six-wire-three-port magnetoelectric power divider of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device for measuring the output efficiency of the two ports of the magnetoelectric power divider of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 3 The graph shows the trend of the conversion efficiency of the two output ports of the three magnetoelectric power dividers with different power ratios of the present invention as a function of load. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the test methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods.

[0013] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the six-wire-three-port magnetoelectric power divider of this invention is a sandwich structure consisting of two layers of magnetostrictive material and two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic material of different volumes located between the two layers of magnetostrictive material, which are then laminated and bonded together, and a copper solenoid is tightly wound around the outside of a bare sheet. The magnetostrictive material is magnetized along its length, and the silver electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic material are distributed on the upper and lower surfaces and polarized along the thickness direction. The copper solenoid port serves as the power input port of the magnetoelectric power divider, and the upper and lower silver electrode surfaces of each piezoelectric ceramic material serve as the power output port I and power output port II of the magnetoelectric power divider, respectively.

[0014] In this embodiment, the magnetostrictive material is Ni. 0.8 Zn 0.2 Fe2O4 was prepared by solid-state sintering. The magnetostrictive material was 36 mm long, 6 mm wide, and 1 mm thick. The piezoelectric ceramic material was PZT-8, with each piece being 6 mm wide and 1 mm thick. The combined length of two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic material was 40 mm. Three six-wire to three-port magnetoelectric power dividers were fabricated with length ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1, respectively. The copper coil consisted of 300 turns of 0.2 mm diameter enameled wire tightly wound around a hollow non-magnetic cylindrical shell, with a length of 600 mm and a diameter of 10 mm, leaving two wire ports as input ports for the device.

[0015] According to Figure 2 The measuring device shown is used to measure the output efficiency of the two ports of the magnetoelectric power divider. The specific implementation steps are as follows: a. An AC signal is generated using a function generator, filtered and amplified by a power amplifier, and then fed to a solenoid as the input port of the magnetoelectric power divider to provide AC current to the magnetoelectric coupling material. At the same time, the voltage signal across the solenoid and the voltage across the resistor connected in series with the solenoid coil are connected to a digital oscilloscope to obtain the current value of the coil circuit and the voltage value across the coil. The input power of the magnetoelectric power divider can then be calculated.

[0016] b. By controlling the magnitude of the current supplied to the electromagnet by the DC power supply, the strength of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet can be controlled, providing a bias magnetic field for the magnetoelectric power divider. The magnitude of the bias magnetic field affects the conversion efficiency of the magnetoelectric power divider, so an optimal bias magnetic field needs to be provided for the magnetoelectric power divider.

[0017] c. Connect the two output ports of the magnetoelectric power divider in parallel with external resistance boxes (simulating a load). Simultaneously measure the voltage across the two resistance boxes using a digital oscilloscope. Then, sequentially change the resistance values ​​of the resistance boxes and record the voltage corresponding to each resistance value. Finally, use formula U... 2 The output power of the two output ports of the magnetoelectric power divider can be calculated by using / R to show the trend of output power variation with load. By comparing the output power of the two output ports, the power ratio of the two output ports under different loads can be obtained.

[0018] Following the above measurement steps, the power ratio of the two output ports of three six-wire-three-port magnetoelectric power dividers made of two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic material with length ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 were measured respectively. The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, where Figure 3 (a) is a graph showing the changes in induced voltage and conversion efficiency at output port 1 as a function of load when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 1:1. Figure 3 (b) is a graph showing the variation of the induced voltage and conversion efficiency at output port 2 with load when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 1:1. Figure 3 (c) shows the power ratio of the two output ports as the load changes when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 1:1. The figure shows that the power ratio stabilizes at 1:1 when the load exceeds 1100Ω. Figure 3 (d) is a graph showing the variation of the induced voltage and conversion efficiency at output port 1 with the load when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 2:1. Figure 3 (e) is a graph showing the variation of the induced voltage and conversion efficiency at output port 2 with load when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 2:1. Figure 3 (f) shows the power ratio of the two output ports as the load changes when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 2:1. The figure shows that the power ratio stabilizes at 2:1 when the load exceeds 2200Ω. Figure 3 (g) is a graph showing the variation of the induced voltage and conversion efficiency of output port 1 with load when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 3:2. Figure 3 (h) is a graph showing the variation of the induced voltage and conversion efficiency at output port 2 with load when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 3:2. Figure 3(i) shows the power ratio of the two output ports as the load changes when the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics is 3:2. As can be seen from the figure, the power ratio stabilizes at 3:2 when the load is greater than 2400Ω. The above experimental results prove that the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramic materials is positively correlated with the power ratio of the two output ports of the magnetoelectric power divider. Therefore, the arbitrary power division ratio of the two ports of the power divider can be controlled by changing the length ratio of the two piezoelectric ceramics.

[0019] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are only used to explain the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other implementation methods can be easily made by substitution or modification based on the technical content disclosed in this specification. Therefore, all changes and improvements made on the principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for achieving arbitrary power division ratio in a magnetoelectric power divider, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Construct a six-wire to three-port magnetoelectric power divider: The six-wire-three-port magnetoelectric power divider is composed of two layers of magnetostrictive material and two piezoelectric ceramic materials of different volumes located between the two layers of magnetostrictive material, which are then laminated and bonded together and tightly wound with a copper solenoid around the bare sheet. The magnetostrictive material is magnetized along its length, and the silver electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic material are distributed on the upper and lower surfaces and polarized along the thickness direction. The two piezoelectric ceramic materials of different volumes have different lengths but the same width and thickness. The copper solenoid port serves as the power input port of the magnetoelectric power divider, and the upper and lower silver electrode surfaces of each piezoelectric ceramic material serve as the power output port I and power output port II of the magnetoelectric power divider, respectively. 2) By adjusting the length ratio of two piezoelectric ceramic materials of different volumes, the power division ratio of the magnetoelectric power divider can be controlled.

2. The method for achieving an arbitrary power division ratio in a magnetoelectric power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetostrictive material is Ni. 0.8 Zn 0.2 Fe2O4, the piezoelectric ceramic material is PZT-8.

3. The method for achieving arbitrary power division ratio in a magnetoelectric power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetostrictive material has a length of 36 mm, a width of 6 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm; each piece of the piezoelectric ceramic material has a width of 6 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, and the sum of the lengths of two pieces of piezoelectric ceramic material with different volumes is 40 mm.

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